EP2180721A1 - Flat membrane loudspeaker - Google Patents
Flat membrane loudspeaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2180721A1 EP2180721A1 EP08075841A EP08075841A EP2180721A1 EP 2180721 A1 EP2180721 A1 EP 2180721A1 EP 08075841 A EP08075841 A EP 08075841A EP 08075841 A EP08075841 A EP 08075841A EP 2180721 A1 EP2180721 A1 EP 2180721A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- magnet
- loudspeaker system
- loudspeaker
- suspension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
- H04R7/20—Securing diaphragm or cone resiliently to support by flexible material, springs, cords, or strands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only
- H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2231/00—Details of apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor covered by H04R31/00, not provided for in its subgroups
- H04R2231/003—Manufacturing aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker or microphone diaphragms or of their connecting aspects to said diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2307/204—Material aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2307/207—Shape aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
- H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
- H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
Definitions
- the invention relates to a loudspeaker system in which the membrane of the loudspeaker has a defined material thickness, in particular in its edge region, and the suspension of this membrane takes place substantially symmetrically and the rearward sound radiation is realized to at least 50% through the interior of a magnet system.
- the invention furthermore relates to the use of the loudspeaker system as loudspeaker boxes or else to radios, televisions, radio receivers, hand-held radio sets, exhibition receivers, mobile telephones and / or headphones or the like.
- a speaker is in the narrower sense a device by which low-frequency electrical signals are converted into sound.
- speakers are sometimes subsumed under the term sound transducer or speaker.
- Sound generally refers to sounds, sounds, sounds or other types of sounds that can be audibly perceived by humans or animals. Since loudspeakers are used in all areas of life, such as in the cinema, in televisions, but especially in headphones or hand-held radios, loudspeakers exist in various sizes and designs and, above all, in very different qualities. For the size of the speakers, in particular for the size of the loudspeaker membrane, the higher the sound to be generated, the smaller the dimensions, with which numerous other problems are connected.
- Speakers are also referred to in the art as chassis or drivers, although these terms refer to only certain device elements of a speaker system, such as the so-called basket or membrane drive.
- the predominant design of the loudspeakers is the electrodynamic loudspeaker with central drive.
- the membrane is driven by the interaction between electric current and a DC magnetic field.
- a current-carrying coil is located in the magnetic DC field of the magnet.
- the known electrodynamic loudspeaker has a central voice coil, but forms with decentralized drives have also been described.
- Dynamic loudspeakers or dynamic cone loudspeakers are designed so that a thin, funnel-shaped membrane is elastically suspended on the outer edge of the membrane and indirectly via the mechanical connection with a voice coil bobbin. Due to the different diameters, materials and shapes of the suspensions arise different compliances, depending on the direction of movement and stroke.
- some loudspeaker chassis instead of the funnel-shaped membrane, there are also dome-shaped or flat membranes which, however, have the same properties with respect to the restraints in the prior art. In all these membranes, the aim is to achieve the maximum material thickness in the region of the voice coil and in the edge region the smallest possible membrane thickness.
- FIG. 1 Another characteristic feature of conventional loudspeaker chassis is the rearward sound radiation of the loudspeaker diaphragm, with the sound typically being passed largely outside the magnet system (illustrated in FIG. 1 ). This is particularly problematic when a chassis with a large voice coil and / or large magnet is required. In this case, harmful reflections and sound refractions occur at the magnet system ( FIGS. 1 . 2 ). In addition, the sound emitted by the dust cap in the direction of the pole core does not spread optimally due to the narrow pole core bore and / or the ventilation holes in the membranes and voice coil carriers. This results in non-linear mechanical losses and in larger membrane deflection noise.
- the openings in the basket are very short, so installation in a baffle almost closes them (see Figures 3 . 4 ).
- the baffle opening is beveled on the inside; because of the resulting sound channel with the interfering edges but can not be avoided that the frequency response of the chassis is significantly deformed by the installation.
- the object of the invention was therefore to provide a loudspeaker system which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular has good performance parameters.
- a loudspeaker system comprising at least one diaphragm, a suspension of this, a magnet system and a voice coil, the suspension of the diaphragm being substantially symmetrical in the form of two suspensions.
- the term "substantially” in the context of the invention is not a relative and thus unclear term.
- the effects achieved by the invention would not be abruptly then not feasible if the suspension of the membrane is not completely symmetrical.
- the concept of fully symmetrical suspension represents a theoretically possible, but practically unrealizable suspension, as well as a suspension that deviates from the idealized theoretical symmetrical suspension by a very small amount, can also be used to solve the problem of the invention.
- substantially makes it clear that a substantially symmetrical suspension that performs the same function in the same way and with the same result is also covered by the symmetrical suspension teaching according to the invention.
- the person skilled in the art of acoustics recognizes what is meant by the term symmetrical suspension in the form of two suspensions for a membrane in the sense of the invention and knows to what extent it is practically realized from the theoretical, completely symmetrical form in the practical one may deviate symmetrical suspension to achieve the object of the invention.
- an electrodynamic loudspeaker chassis which is either a one-piece symmetrical ( Fig. 2 (7) ) or a mirror-image constructed of at least two parts, compliant membrane suspension has (see FIGS. 1 . 2 ).
- compliant membrane suspension has (see FIGS. 1 . 2 ).
- the compliant suspension is advantageous if it is perfectly symmetrical.
- the term of perfectly symmetrical suspension is known to one of ordinary skill in speaker technology or acoustics; He knows what is to be understood in the field of his art as a perfectly symmetrical suspension.
- the membrane which is fixed symmetrically in the form of two suspensions, at the outer diameter of the membrane (outer diameter) has at least such a thickness as in the region of the center of the membrane, wherein the membrane thickness or the membrane thickness in the edge area, d. H. in the outer diameter of the membrane, more than 10% of the membrane diameter is. That is, if the membrane diameter is, for example, 10 cm, the membrane thickness is more than 1 cm at the outer diameter of the membrane. In this case, for example, the membrane thickness in the region of the center of the membrane could have half a centimeter.
- a loudspeaker system which has as a technical feature only a membrane which has a thickness of more than 10% of the membrane diameter at the outer diameter, has surprisingly advantageous properties in the reproduction of auditory perceptible signals. It was completely surprising that the vibration characteristics of the membrane are improved by this type of embodiment according to the invention.
- the larger edge thickness of the membrane than the prior art permits a symmetrical suspension of these in the form of two mirrored, substantially identical suspensions.
- the combination of the technical features of the suspension according to the invention with those of the membrane thickness on the outer diameter of the membrane leads to a particularly improved loudspeaker.
- An at least in the edge region very thick membrane advantageously allows a particularly low-noise suspension, in particular a symmetrical suspension (see also FIGS. 1 . 5 ).
- the loudspeaker system according to the invention or the loudspeaker according to the invention can be additionally improved in a further particularly preferred embodiment, if the rearward sound radiation occurs at least 50% through the interior of the magnet system.
- This can be realized, for example, in that the voice coil is very large in relation to the membrane diameter compared to the previous dimensions of known devices, so that the rearward sound radiation can take place through the interior of the magnet system (see also FIGS. 1 to 4 ).
- a characteristic of the voice coil is its inductance. To increase the inductance, an electrical conductor such as a coil wire with a certain number of turns is applied to the bobbin.
- a voice coil according to the invention represents the drive unit for the speaker. It consists of a thin wire which is wound on a voice coil former. The voice coil dips into the air gap of the permanent magnet or electromagnet, in which there is a magnetic field. The bobbin is connected to the membrane unit of the speaker. The magnetic alternating field, which builds up due to current flow, moves the voice coil with the diaphragm forwards and backwards and thus makes it possible to transduce the voltage vibrations and air vibrations.
- the very large voice coil realizes an outboard magnet system which may consist of individual magnet segments, for example sub-segments of a ring, round magnetic disks or other arbitrary shapes or a closed ring, to ensure that the rearward sound radiation can be through the center of the magnet design ,
- a very large, circular voice coil preferably means one which reaches into the region of the edge of the membrane, for example in that the voice coil diameter is at least 75%, preferably 80%, particularly preferably 90%, in particular 100% of the membrane diameter.
- the diameter of the membrane and voice coil is the same size in a preferred embodiment; However, it may be provided in other preferred variants of the invention that the diameter of the voice coil is smaller than that of the membrane.
- the suspension of the membrane takes place in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions. It is particularly preferred if the loudspeaker system according to the invention realizes all features such as the membrane thickness in the outer edge region, the suspension of the membrane symmetrically in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions and the rearward sound radiation mainly through the interior of the magnet in combination. Of course, it may also be preferred if in the loudspeaker system according to the invention two of the features according to the invention such as the feature of the membrane thickness in the outer edge region and the suspension of the membrane according to the invention are implemented.
- a further advantageous embodiment is the combination of the technical features of the membrane thickness according to the invention on the outer diameter of the membrane and the rearward sound radiation mainly through the interior of the magnet.
- a further preferred embodiment results from the implementation of the technical features of the membrane suspension in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions, combined with a membrane having the membrane edge thickness according to the invention.
- the edge thickness according to the invention is a thickness of a membrane at the outer diameter of this, if it is more than 10% of the membrane diameter.
- the diameter of the voice coil in relation to the diameter of the membrane is 1: 1, preferably 0.9: 1, particularly preferably 0.75: 1.
- the diameter of the voice coil is at least 75%, preferably 80%, more preferably at least 85% or 100% of the diameter of the loudspeaker diaphragm.
- the membrane preferably a woofer membrane
- a tweeter preferably a dome tweeter.
- a Kalottenhochtöner is a dynamic speaker, preferably for frequencies above about 2 to 3 kHz, the membrane is designed in particular as a spherical cap (dome-shaped).
- the tweeter preferably has a larger radiation angle at high frequencies than conventional speakers.
- the tweeter is preferably an independent system, which is placed in the area of the woofer membrane, but without interacting significantly or directly with it.
- the tweeter can be placed centrally or centrally, but also at any other location of the woofer membrane, decentralized or near the center. In a preferred embodiment, the tweeter is located in the center of the woofer on an axis.
- the tweeter inside the magnet system radiates the sound through an opening in the membrane of the woofer. Due to the preferred dimensioning of the magnet system, in particular, a tweeter, which is arranged centrally in the woofer membrane, is located within the magnet system.
- the tweeter may be, for example, a product, as in the DE 20 2004 015 635 U1 is described.
- the loudspeaker system according to the invention additionally comprises a tweeter
- this combined loudspeaker system has an outer and an inner bead or an outer and an inner bead edge or ring.
- the terms of the inner or outer bead or the inner or outer bead edge or ring are self-explanatory for the expert. If a tweeter is placed in a woofer, is on the one hand, an outer edge of the woofer membrane and on the other hand, an outer edge of the tweeter membrane, the latter is at least partially surrounded by the woofer membrane.
- the outer bead would serve to center or position the diaphragm for the low and midtones, respectively.
- the so-called inner ring refers to the area of the outer edge of the tweeter, which is surrounded by the diaphragm for the low and midrange.
- the area or gap between the woofer or midrange diaphragm and the tweeter may preferably be sealed by materials known to those skilled in the art, that the diaphragm movement of the speakers for the low and midrange is not restricted and that membrane resonances are damped.
- an elastic, porous or closed-cell foam which is preferably permanently elastic.
- this centering takes place in that the membrane is positioned within the chassis by foams.
- the membrane may be positioned with a fabric such as acrylic, nomex and / or cotton fabric in combination with phenolic and / or epoxy resin or through a rubber construction in the form of a bead for the low or mid-tone region. is centered.
- foam as an inner bead and to seal the air gap between low or midrange and tweeter is particularly preferred in the above combination of membrane and tweeter, especially if the basic construction for the low and midrange as a flat surface, then the forms the immediate vicinity of the tweeter. It was completely surprising that the use of foam as inner beading the construction of a Coax loudspeaker allows, which compared to the known devices has improved sound quality.
- the magnet system comprises at least one magnet preferably from the group comprising a samarium cobalt magnet, a cerium-cobalt magnet, an aluminum-nickel-cobalt magnet, a ferrite magnet and / or preferably a neodymium magnet.
- the loudspeaker system according to the invention preferably has a membrane, which is designed in particular as a sandwich membrane, which can be formed stiff by the combination of core material and cover layers.
- the core material preferably has a honeycomb structure and can be formed, for example, from aramid fibers, paper, polyester, polypropylene or aluminum.
- the cover layers of the membrane may comprise fiber materials, metal foils and / or plastic films.
- the cover layers of the membrane may comprise fiber materials, metal foils and / or plastic films.
- the Faserwerkstofefn may be, for example, paper or cotton.
- the fabric When using fabrics of carbon, glass or aramid fibers, the fabric must have a matrix-like structure on at least one side, which can be produced, for example, from thermoplastics or thermosets. It is preferred if the membrane comprises at least two-part, interconnected injection-molded films or films. Of course, the membrane may also be formed in one piece.
- the fiber materials may be fiber-plastic composites consisting of reinforcing fibers and a plastic matrix.
- the matrix surrounds the fibers which are bonded to the matrix by adhesive or cohesive forces.
- the fiber-plastic composite can be construed as a construction. Its elements must be combined in such a way that the desired properties develop. The interplay of the specific properties of fiber material and matrix material produces the desired starting materials for membrane coating or membrane reinforcement. Fibers are embedded in the matrix, ie the fibers become spatial fixed, which allows a load input and output. In addition, the matrix supports the fibers. The load is transferred by the adhesion between fiber, matrix and core.
- the fibers may be, for example, aramid, carbon, polyester, nylon, polyethylene, ceramic, glass, drilling, flax, hemp and / or other fibers.
- the advantageous embodiments of the invention have at least one or more of the advantages mentioned.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrodynamic loudspeaker chassis, the peculiarity of the mirror image of two parts constructed resilient membrane suspension (3, 4) and in relation to the membrane diameter very large voice coil (1, 6, 7) with simultaneous rearward sound radiation mainly through the interior of the magnet system (11 ).
- a membrane (1) which is very thick in the edge region is necessary.
- the membrane which is very thick at least in the edge region of the example, enables a low-symmetry suspension (1).
- a perfectly symmetrical suspension around the mechanical rest position in the form of two mirrored, identical suspensions allows the construction of an advantageous loudspeaker system.
- a very large in relation to the diaphragm diameter voice coil (6, 7) to reduce the dynamic compression by voice coil heating improves the exemplary speaker system in addition.
- the external magnet system (12) consists of individual magnet segments or a closed ring to ensure a main sound radiation through the center of the magnet design with very low air compression.
- the tweeter is in a flat surface without disturbing horn extension in the form of a conical membrane.
- this flat surface can be optimized if, instead of the corrugated fabric bead or a rubber bead, a straight foam ring is used to suspend the membrane (4).
- the tweeter (5) of any type emits its sound through an opening in the woofer cone. The tweeter (5) is within the magnet system of the speaker.
- the exemplary combination with the tweeter results - in addition to the advantages of the basic construction - for the low / midrange the great advantage of a flat surface in the immediate vicinity of the tweeter, especially when using foam as beading / centering.
- the use of a foam with a flat surface shape as a loudspeaker bead (2, 4, 6, 7) for coaxial loudspeakers with a flat or only slightly curved membrane surface is particularly advantageous.
- Prerequisite for the meaningful acoustic function into the midrange is the use of modern lightweight materials for the membrane.
- the Figures 3 and 4 show a characteristic feature of conventional loudspeaker chassis with their rearward sound radiation of the loudspeaker diaphragm, wherein the sound is typically passed largely to the magnet system. This is particularly problematic when a chassis with a large voice coil and / or large magnet is needed. In this case, harmful reflections and sound refractions occur at the magnet system.
- the FIG. 4 shows the problem with very small speakers. The close proximity to housing walls in the known chassis to strong reflections from the inside of the walls back, thrown through the membrane to the outside and thus acoustically disturbing effect. A damping at this point is not effectively possible because of lack of space.
- FIG. 5 shows two-piece, glued together injection molds / foils or one-piece foam membranes.
- loudspeaker membranes which are also used in the mid-range, the requirement for the lowest possible weight and resonance phenomena that are as far outside the desired transmission range applies.
- sandwich membrane which consists of a light but stiff core material is recommended -.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Lautsprechersystem, in welchem die Membran des Lautsprechers insbesondere in ihrem Randbereich eine definierte Materialdicke aufweist und die Aufhängung dieser Membran im Wesentlichen symmetrisch erfolgt und die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung zu mindestens 50% durch den Innenraum eines Magnetsystems realisiert wird; die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin die Verwendung des Lautsprechersystems als Lautsprecherboxen oder aber bei Radios, Fernsehern, Rundfunkempfängern, Handsprechfunkgeräten, Messeempfängern, Mobiltelefonen und/oder Kopfhörern oder ähnlichem.The invention relates to a loudspeaker system in which the membrane of the loudspeaker has a defined material thickness, in particular in its edge region, and the suspension of this membrane takes place substantially symmetrically and the rearward sound radiation is realized to at least 50% through the interior of a magnet system. The invention furthermore relates to the use of the loudspeaker system as loudspeaker boxes or else to radios, televisions, radio receivers, hand-held radio sets, exhibition receivers, mobile telephones and / or headphones or the like.
Ein Lautsprecher ist im engeren Sinne eine Vorrichtung, durch welche niederfrequente elektrische Signale in Schall umgewandelt werden. Ganz allgemein werden Lautsprecher manchmal auch unter dem Begriff Schallwandler oder Speaker subsumiert. Schall bezeichnet im allgemeinen Geräusche, Klänge, Töne oder andere Schallarten, wie sie von Menschen oder auch von Tieren auditiv wahrgenommen werden können. Da Lautsprecher in allen Lebensbereichen wie beispielsweise im Kino, beim Fernseher, aber speziell auch in Kopfhörern oder Handsprechfunkgeräten eingesetzt werden, existieren Lautsprecher in verschiedenen Größen und Ausführungen und vor allem in sehr verschiedenen Qualitäten. Für die Größe der Lautsprecher, insbesondere für die Größe der Lautsprechermembran, gilt: Je höher der zu erzeugenden Ton, desto kleiner die Abmessungen, womit zahlreiche andere Probleme verbunden sind.A speaker is in the narrower sense a device by which low-frequency electrical signals are converted into sound. In general, speakers are sometimes subsumed under the term sound transducer or speaker. Sound generally refers to sounds, sounds, sounds or other types of sounds that can be audibly perceived by humans or animals. Since loudspeakers are used in all areas of life, such as in the cinema, in televisions, but especially in headphones or hand-held radios, loudspeakers exist in various sizes and designs and, above all, in very different qualities. For the size of the speakers, in particular for the size of the loudspeaker membrane, the higher the sound to be generated, the smaller the dimensions, with which numerous other problems are connected.
Lautsprecher werden im Stand der Technik auch als Chassis oder Treiber bezeichnet, obwohl diese Begriffe nur bestimmte Vorrichtungselemente eines Lautsprechersystems bezeichnen, beispielsweise den sogenannten Korb oder den Membranantrieb.Speakers are also referred to in the art as chassis or drivers, although these terms refer to only certain device elements of a speaker system, such as the so-called basket or membrane drive.
Das Grundprinzip zahlreicher im Stand der Technik bekannter Lautsprecher basiert auf einer Wandlung elektrischer Energie in Schallwellen, wobei hierfür meist flachtrichterförmige, konzentrisch zulaufende Membranen eingesetzt werden. Diese Membranen erzeugen mithilfe einer mechanischen Schwingung die auditiv wahrnehmbaren Signale. In den meisten Fällen sollen diese Elemente als Kolbenstrahler wirken; die Membran soll also ganzflächig und gleichmäßig bewegt werden. Im Stand der Technik wird ausgeführt, dass dies im allgemeinen nur bei (im Verhältnis zur Membranfläche) tiefen Frequenzen zu erreichen ist.The basic principle of numerous loudspeakers known in the prior art is based on a conversion of electrical energy into sound waves, in which case flat funnel-shaped, concentrically tapering membranes are used for this purpose. These membranes generate the auditory signals by means of a mechanical vibration. In most cases, these elements are intended as piston emitters Act; The membrane should therefore be moved over the entire surface and evenly. It is stated in the prior art that this can generally only be achieved at low frequencies (in relation to the membrane surface).
Die überwiegende Bauform der Lautsprecher ist der elektrodynamische Lautsprecher mit zentralem Antrieb. Bei diesem wird die Membran durch die Wechselwirkung zwischen elektrischem Strom und einem magnetischen Gleichfeld angetrieben. Eine stromdurchflossene Spule befindet sich im magnetischen Gleichfeld des Magneten. Der bekannte elektrodynamische Lautsprecher hat eine zentrale Schwingspule, aber es sind auch Formen mit dezentralen Antrieben beschrieben worden.The predominant design of the loudspeakers is the electrodynamic loudspeaker with central drive. In this case, the membrane is driven by the interaction between electric current and a DC magnetic field. A current-carrying coil is located in the magnetic DC field of the magnet. The known electrodynamic loudspeaker has a central voice coil, but forms with decentralized drives have also been described.
Dynamische Lautsprecher oder dynamische Konuslautsprecher werden so konstruiert, dass eine dünne, trichterförmige Membran am äußeren Membranrand und indirekt über die mechanische Verbindung mit einem Schwingspulenträger elastisch aufgehängt wird. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Durchmesser, Materialien und Ausformungen der Aufhängungen entstehen unterschiedliche Nachgiebigkeiten, in Abhängigkeit von Bewegungsrichtung und Hub. Bei einigen Lautsprecherchassis findet man anstelle der trichterförmigen Membran auch kuppelförmige oder flache Membranen, die bezüglich der Einspannungen aber im Stand der Technik die gleichen Eigenschaften aufweisen. Bei all diesen Membranen wird angestrebt, die maximale Materialstärke im Bereich der Schwingspule zu erreichen und im Randbereich eine möglichst geringe Membrandicke.Dynamic loudspeakers or dynamic cone loudspeakers are designed so that a thin, funnel-shaped membrane is elastically suspended on the outer edge of the membrane and indirectly via the mechanical connection with a voice coil bobbin. Due to the different diameters, materials and shapes of the suspensions arise different compliances, depending on the direction of movement and stroke. In some loudspeaker chassis, instead of the funnel-shaped membrane, there are also dome-shaped or flat membranes which, however, have the same properties with respect to the restraints in the prior art. In all these membranes, the aim is to achieve the maximum material thickness in the region of the voice coil and in the edge region the smallest possible membrane thickness.
Ein weiteres charakteristisches Merkmal herkömmlicher Lautsprecherchassis ist die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung der Lautsprechermembran, wobei der Schall typischerweise zu großen Teilen außen am Magnetsystem vorbeigeführt wird (veranschaulicht in
Bei üblichen Lautsprechern sind außerdem die Schwingspulen im Verhältnis zum Membrandurchmesser relativ klein, was eine erhebliche temperaturbedingte Dynamikkompression zur Folge hat. Die im Stand der Technik beschriebenen Versuche durch innerhalb der Schwingspule liegende Magnete größere Schwingspulen zu ermöglichen haben wiederum schwierige Strömungsverhältnisse zur Folge und stellen daher bisher keine adäquate Lösung des Problems dar.In conventional loudspeakers, moreover, the voice coils are relatively small in relation to the diaphragm diameter, which results in a considerable temperature-related dynamic compression. The experiments described in the prior art to allow for larger voice coils located inside the voice coil magnets in turn have difficult flow conditions result and therefore do not represent an adequate solution to the problem.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es daher, ein Lautsprechersystem bereitzustellen, welches die Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweist und das insbesondere gute Leistungsparameter aufweist.The object of the invention was therefore to provide a loudspeaker system which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular has good performance parameters.
Es war völlig überraschend, dass das erfindungsgemäße Problem mit einem Lautsprechersystem gelöst werden kann, welches mindestens eine Membran, eine Aufhängung dieser, ein Magnetsystem und eine Schwingspule umfasst, wobei die Aufhängung der Membran im Wesentlichen symmetrisch in Form von zwei Aufhängungen erfolgt. Der Begriff "im Wesentlichen" ist im Sinne der Erfindung kein relativer und somit unklarer Begriff. Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Effekte wären nicht abrupt dann nicht realisierbar, wenn die Aufhängung der Membran nicht völlig symmetrisch erfolgt. Der Begriff der völlig symmetrischen Aufhängung stellt eine theoretisch mögliche, aber praktisch nicht realisierbare Aufhängung dar, da auch eine Aufhängung, die von der idealisierten theoretischen symmetrischen Aufhängung um ein sehr geringes Maß abweicht, ebenfalls zur Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe herangezogen werden kann. Daher wird durch den Begriff "im Wesentlichen" klargestellt, dass auch eine im Wesentlichen symmetrische Aufhängung, die dieselbe Funktion in demselben Weg und mit demselben Ergebnis hervorbringt, von der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre der symmetrischen Aufhängung mit erfasst ist. Der Fachmann auf dem Gebiet der Akustik erkennt, was mit dem Begriff der symmetrischen Aufhängung in Form von zwei Aufhängungen für eine Membran im Sinne der Erfindung gemeint ist und er weiß, inwieweit er von der theoretischen, völlig symmetrischen Form in der praktisch realisierten, im Wesentlichen symmetrischen Aufhängung abweichen darf, um die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe zu lösen.It was completely surprising that the problem according to the invention can be solved with a loudspeaker system comprising at least one diaphragm, a suspension of this, a magnet system and a voice coil, the suspension of the diaphragm being substantially symmetrical in the form of two suspensions. The term "substantially" in the context of the invention is not a relative and thus unclear term. The effects achieved by the invention would not be abruptly then not feasible if the suspension of the membrane is not completely symmetrical. The concept of fully symmetrical suspension represents a theoretically possible, but practically unrealizable suspension, as well as a suspension that deviates from the idealized theoretical symmetrical suspension by a very small amount, can also be used to solve the problem of the invention. Therefore, the term "substantially" makes it clear that a substantially symmetrical suspension that performs the same function in the same way and with the same result is also covered by the symmetrical suspension teaching according to the invention. The person skilled in the art of acoustics recognizes what is meant by the term symmetrical suspension in the form of two suspensions for a membrane in the sense of the invention and knows to what extent it is practically realized from the theoretical, completely symmetrical form in the practical one may deviate symmetrical suspension to achieve the object of the invention.
Bevorzugt wird also ein elektrodynamisches Lautsprecherchassis bereitgestellt, welches entweder eine einteilige symmetrische (
Die Funktionsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Lautsprechersystems kann überraschend verbessert werden, wenn die Membran, welche symmetrisch in Form von zwei Aufhängungen fixiert wird, am äußeren Durchmesser der Membran (Außendurchmesser) mindestens eine solche Stärke wie im Bereich des Zentrums der Membran aufweist, wobei die Membranstärke bzw. die Membrandicke im Randbereich, d. h. im äußeren Durchmesser der Membran, mehr als 10% des Membrandurchmessers beträgt. Das heißt, wenn der Membrandurchmesser beispielsweise einen Wert von 10 cm aufweist, beträgt die Membranstärke mehr als 1 cm am äußeren Durchmesser der Membran. In diesem Falle könnte beispielsweise die Membrandicke im Bereich des Zentrums der Membran einen halben Zentimeter aufweisen.The operation of the speaker system according to the invention can be surprisingly improved if the membrane, which is fixed symmetrically in the form of two suspensions, at the outer diameter of the membrane (outer diameter) has at least such a thickness as in the region of the center of the membrane, wherein the membrane thickness or the membrane thickness in the edge area, d. H. in the outer diameter of the membrane, more than 10% of the membrane diameter is. That is, if the membrane diameter is, for example, 10 cm, the membrane thickness is more than 1 cm at the outer diameter of the membrane. In this case, for example, the membrane thickness in the region of the center of the membrane could have half a centimeter.
Auch ein Lautsprechersystem, welches als technisches Merkmal nur eine Membran aufweist, die am äußeren Durchmesser eine Stärke von mehr als 10% des Membrandurchmessers aufweist, hat überraschenderweise vorteilhafte Eigenschaften bei der Wiedergabe von auditiv wahrnehmbaren Signalen. Es war völlig überraschend, dass die Schwingungseigenschaften der Membran durch diese Art der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung verbessert werden.Even a loudspeaker system, which has as a technical feature only a membrane which has a thickness of more than 10% of the membrane diameter at the outer diameter, has surprisingly advantageous properties in the reproduction of auditory perceptible signals. It was completely surprising that the vibration characteristics of the membrane are improved by this type of embodiment according to the invention.
Vorteilhafterweise erlaubt die gegenüber dem Stand der Technik größere Randdicke der Membran eine symmetrische Aufhängung dieser in Form von zwei gespiegelten, im Wesentlichen identischen Aufhängungen. Die Kombination der technischen Merkmale der erfindungsgemäßen Aufhängung mit denen der Membrandicke am äußeren Durchmesser der Membran führt zu einem besonders verbesserten Lautsprecher. Eine zumindest im Randbereich sehr dicke Membran ermöglicht vorteilhafterweise eine besonders taumelarme Aufhängung, insbesondere eine symmetrische Aufhängung (siehe auch
Das erfindungsgemäße Lautsprechersystem bzw. der erfindungsgemäße Lautsprecher kann in einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform zusätzlich verbessert werden, wenn die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung zu mindestens 50% durch den Innenraum des Magnetsystems erfolgt. Dies ist beispielsweise dadurch realisierbar, dass die Schwingspule im Verhältnis zum Membrandurchmesser gegenüber den bisherigen Abmessungen bekannter Vorrichtungen sehr groß ist, so dass die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung durch den Innenraum des Magnetsystems erfolgen kann (siehe auch
Durch die mindestens 50%ige rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung durch das Zentrum der Magnetkonstruktion wird eine Schallabstrahlung mit sehr geringer Luftkompression erreicht. Die im Verhältnis zum Membrandurchmesser sehr große Schwingspule gestattet eine Reduzierung der Dynamikkompression durch Schwingspulenerwärmung.Due to the at least 50% rearward sound radiation through the center of the magnet construction, a sound radiation with very low air compression is achieved. The very large voice coil in relation to the diaphragm diameter allows a reduction of the dynamic compression by voice coil heating.
Durch die sehr große Schwingspule wird ein außenliegendes Magnetsystem realisiert, welches aus einzelnen Magnetsegmenten bestehen kann, beispielsweise Teilsegmenten aus einem Ring, runden Magnetscheiben oder anderen beliebigen Formen oder einem geschlossenen Ring, um zu gewährleisten, dass die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung durch das Zentrum der Magnetkonstruktion erfolgen kann.The very large voice coil realizes an outboard magnet system which may consist of individual magnet segments, for example sub-segments of a ring, round magnetic disks or other arbitrary shapes or a closed ring, to ensure that the rearward sound radiation can be through the center of the magnet design ,
Wenn die Schwingspule im Vergleich zum Membrandurchmesser sehr groß ist, beispielsweise ungefähr gleich groß, so liegt der Bereich der größten Membrandicke im Bereich der Schwingspule. Dies ist beispielsweise dann der Fall, wenn der Durchmesser der Schwingspule im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser der Membran 1:1 beträgt. Erfindungsgemäß ist mit einer sehr großen, kreisförmigen Schwingspule bevorzugt eine solche gemeint, die in den Bereich des Randes der Membran hineinreicht, beispielsweise dadurch, dass der Schwingspulendurchmesser mindestens 75%, bevorzugt 80%, besonders bevorzugt 90%, insbesondere 100% des Membrandurchmessers beträgt. Der Durchmesser von Membran und Schwingspule ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform gleich groß; es kann jedoch in weiteren Vorzugsvarianten der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass der Durchmesser der Schwingspule kleiner ist, als der der Membran.If the voice coil is very large compared to the membrane diameter, for example, about the same size, the area of the largest membrane thickness is in the range of the voice coil. This is the case, for example, if the diameter of the voice coil is 1: 1 in relation to the diameter of the diaphragm. According to the invention, a very large, circular voice coil preferably means one which reaches into the region of the edge of the membrane, for example in that the voice coil diameter is at least 75%, preferably 80%, particularly preferably 90%, in particular 100% of the membrane diameter. The diameter of the membrane and voice coil is the same size in a preferred embodiment; However, it may be provided in other preferred variants of the invention that the diameter of the voice coil is smaller than that of the membrane.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Aufhängung der Membran in Form von zwei gespiegelten und identischen Aufhängungen erfolgt. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn das erfindungsgemäße Lautsprechersystem alle Merkmale wie die Membrandicke im äußeren Randbereich, die Aufhängung der Membran symmetrisch in Form von zwei gespiegelten und identischen Aufhängungen und die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung hauptsächlich durch den Innenraum des Magneten in Kombination realisiert. Selbstverständlich kann es aber auch bevorzugt sein, wenn bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Lautsprechersystem zwei der erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale wie das Merkmal der Membrandicke im äußeren Randbereich und das der erfindungsgemäße Aufhängung der Membran umgesetzt werden.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the suspension of the membrane takes place in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions. It is particularly preferred if the loudspeaker system according to the invention realizes all features such as the membrane thickness in the outer edge region, the suspension of the membrane symmetrically in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions and the rearward sound radiation mainly through the interior of the magnet in combination. Of course, it may also be preferred if in the loudspeaker system according to the invention two of the features according to the invention such as the feature of the membrane thickness in the outer edge region and the suspension of the membrane according to the invention are implemented.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist die Kombination der technischen Merkmale der erfindungsgemäßen Membrandicke am äußeren Durchmesser der Membran und der rückwärtigen Schallabstrahlung hauptsächlich durch den Innenraum des Magneten.A further advantageous embodiment is the combination of the technical features of the membrane thickness according to the invention on the outer diameter of the membrane and the rearward sound radiation mainly through the interior of the magnet.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform ergibt sich aus der Umsetzung der technischen Merkmale der Membranaufhängung in Form von zwei gespiegelten und identischen Aufhängungen, kombiniert mit einer Membran, die die erfindungsgemäße Membranranddicke aufweist. Die erfindungsgemäße Randdicke ist eine Dicke einer Membran am äußeren Durchmesser dieser, wenn sie mehr als 10% des Membrandurchmessers beträgt.A further preferred embodiment results from the implementation of the technical features of the membrane suspension in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions, combined with a membrane having the membrane edge thickness according to the invention. The edge thickness according to the invention is a thickness of a membrane at the outer diameter of this, if it is more than 10% of the membrane diameter.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt der Durchmesser der Schwingspule im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser der Membran 1:1, bevorzugt 0,9:1, besonders bevorzugt 0,75:1. Selbstverständlich kann es in anderen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung auch bevorzugt sein, wenn der Durchmesser der Schwingspule mindestens 75%, bevorzugt 80%, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 85% oder 100% des Durchmessers der Lautsprechermembran beträgt. Das hierdurch realisierte, im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik außenliegende Magnetensystem erlaubt es, dass die rückwärtige Schallabstrahlung hauptsächlich durch den Innenraum des Magnetensystems erfolgt.In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the voice coil in relation to the diameter of the membrane is 1: 1, preferably 0.9: 1, particularly preferably 0.75: 1. Of course, it may also be preferred in other embodiments of the invention if the diameter of the voice coil is at least 75%, preferably 80%, more preferably at least 85% or 100% of the diameter of the loudspeaker diaphragm. The thereby realized, compared to the prior art external magnetic system allows the rearward sound radiation is mainly done by the interior of the magnet system.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Membran, bevorzugt eine Tieftönermembran, zusätzlich einen Hochtöner, bevorzugt einen Kalottenhochtöner aufweist. Ein Kalottenhochtöner ist ein dynamischer Lautsprecher, bevorzugt für Frequenzen oberhalb von etwa 2 bis 3 kHz, dessen Membran insbesondere als Kugelhaube (kalottenförmig) ausgebildet ist. Der Hochtöner besitzt bevorzugt bei hohen Frequenzen einen größeren Abstrahlwinkel als herkömmliche Lautsprecher. Der Hochtöner ist bevorzugt ein eigenständiges System, welches im Bereich der Tieftönermembran platziert ist, ohne allerdings signifikant bzw. direkt mit diesem wechselzuwirken. Der Hochtöner kann mittig bzw. zentrisch, aber auch an jedem anderen Ort der Tieftönermembran dezentral oder in der Nähe des Zentrums platziert sein. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Hochtöner im Zentrum des Tieftöners auf einer Achse angeordnet.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the membrane, preferably a woofer membrane, additionally has a tweeter, preferably a dome tweeter. A Kalottenhochtöner is a dynamic speaker, preferably for frequencies above about 2 to 3 kHz, the membrane is designed in particular as a spherical cap (dome-shaped). The tweeter preferably has a larger radiation angle at high frequencies than conventional speakers. The tweeter is preferably an independent system, which is placed in the area of the woofer membrane, but without interacting significantly or directly with it. The tweeter can be placed centrally or centrally, but also at any other location of the woofer membrane, decentralized or near the center. In a preferred embodiment, the tweeter is located in the center of the woofer on an axis.
Es ist besonders bevorzugt, wenn der innerhalb des Magnetensystems liegende Hochtöner den Schall durch eine Öffnung in der Membran des Tieftöners abstrahlt. Durch die bevorzugte Dimensionierung des Magnetensystems liegt insbesondere ein in der Tieftönermembran zentrisch angeordneter Hochtöner innerhalb des Magnetensystems. Bei dem Hochtöner kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Produkt handeln, wie es in der
Wenn in der genannten bevorzugten Ausführungsform das erfindungsgemäße Lautsprechersystem zusätzlich einen Hochtöner aufweist, so kann es beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass dieses kombinierte Lautsprechersystem eine äußere und eine innere Sicke bzw. einen äußeren und einen inneren Sickenrand oder -ring aufweist. Die Begriffe der inneren bzw. äußeren Sicke bzw. des inneren oder äußeren Sickenrandes oder -ringes sind für den Fachmann selbsterklärend. Wenn ein Hochtöner in eine Tieftönermembran platziert wird, liegt zum einen ein äußerer Rand der Tieftönermembran und zum anderen auch ein äußerer Rand der Hochtönermembran vor, wobei letzterer von der Tieftönermembran zumindest teilweise umgeben ist. Die äußere Sicke würde beispielsweise dazu dienen, die Membran für den Tief- bzw. Mitteltonbereich zu zentrieren oder zu positionieren.If, in the said preferred embodiment, the loudspeaker system according to the invention additionally comprises a tweeter, it may be provided, for example, that this combined loudspeaker system has an outer and an inner bead or an outer and an inner bead edge or ring. The terms of the inner or outer bead or the inner or outer bead edge or ring are self-explanatory for the expert. If a tweeter is placed in a woofer, is on the one hand, an outer edge of the woofer membrane and on the other hand, an outer edge of the tweeter membrane, the latter is at least partially surrounded by the woofer membrane. For example, the outer bead would serve to center or position the diaphragm for the low and midtones, respectively.
Der sogenannte innere Ring bezeichnet den Bereich des äußeren Randes des Hochtöners, der von der Membran für den Tief- bzw. Mitteltonbereich umgeben ist. Der Bereich bzw. Spalt zwischen der Tieftöner- bzw. Mitteltonmembran und dem Hochtöner kann bevorzugt so durch dem Fachmann bekannte Materialien abgedichtet werden, dass die Membranbewegung der Lautsprecher für den Tief- bzw. Mitteltonbereich nicht eingeschränkt wird und dass Membranresonanzen gedämpft werden.The so-called inner ring refers to the area of the outer edge of the tweeter, which is surrounded by the diaphragm for the low and midrange. The area or gap between the woofer or midrange diaphragm and the tweeter may preferably be sealed by materials known to those skilled in the art, that the diaphragm movement of the speakers for the low and midrange is not restricted and that membrane resonances are damped.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist demgemäß mindestens ein Bereich am äußeren Rand der Membran, an welcher die äußere Sicke angeordnet ist, durch einen elastischen, offenporigen oder geschlossenporigen Schaumstoff gebildet, der bevorzugt dauerelastisch ist. Selbstverständlich kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass statt der klassischen Sicke der Membran eine Zentrierung dieser dadurch erfolgt, dass die Membran innerhalb des Chassis durch Schaumstoffe positioniert wird. Es kann beispielsweise bevorzugt sein, dass die Membran für den Tief- bzw. Mitteltonbereich mit einem Gewebe wie Acryl-, Nomex- und/oder Baumwollgewebe in Kombination mit Phenol- und/oder Epoxidharz oder aber durch eine Gummikonstruktion in Form einer Sicke positioniert bzw. zentriert wird. Es war völlig überraschend, dass diese genannten technischen Merkmale in Kombination mit den bereits ausgeführten, weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Merkmalen zu der Konstruktion eines Koaxiallautsprechers führt, der gegenüber den bekannten Vorrichtungen eine verbesserte Klangqualität aufweist.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, accordingly, at least one region at the outer edge of the membrane, on which the outer bead is arranged, formed by an elastic, porous or closed-cell foam, which is preferably permanently elastic. Of course, it can also be provided that instead of the classic bead of the membrane, this centering takes place in that the membrane is positioned within the chassis by foams. It may be preferred, for example, for the membrane to be positioned with a fabric such as acrylic, nomex and / or cotton fabric in combination with phenolic and / or epoxy resin or through a rubber construction in the form of a bead for the low or mid-tone region. is centered. It was completely surprising that these mentioned technical features, in combination with the further features according to the invention already described, lead to the construction of a coaxial loudspeaker which has an improved sound quality compared to the known devices.
Der Einsatz von Schaumstoff als innere Sicke und zur Abdichtung des Luftspalts zwischen Tief- oder Mitteltonmembran und Hochtöner ist insbesondere bei der o. g. Kombination von Membran und Hochtöner bevorzugt, insbesondere wenn die Grundkonstruktion für den Tief- bzw. Mitteltonbereich als ebene Fläche erfolgt, die dann die unmittelbare Umgebung des Hochtöners bildet. Es war völlig überraschend, dass der Einsatz von Schaumstoff als innere Sicke die Konstruktion eines Koaxiallautsprechers erlaubt, der gegenüber den bekannten Vorrichtungen eine verbesserte Klangqualität aufweist.The use of foam as an inner bead and to seal the air gap between low or midrange and tweeter is particularly preferred in the above combination of membrane and tweeter, especially if the basic construction for the low and midrange as a flat surface, then the forms the immediate vicinity of the tweeter. It was completely surprising that the use of foam as inner beading the construction of a Coax loudspeaker allows, which compared to the known devices has improved sound quality.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst das Magnetensystem mindestens einen Magneten bevorzugt aus der Gruppe umfassend einen Samarium-Kobaltmagneten, einen Cer-Kobaltmagneten, einen Aluminium-Nickel-Kobaltmagneten, einen Ferritmagneten und/oder bevorzugt einen Neodymmagneten.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the magnet system comprises at least one magnet preferably from the group comprising a samarium cobalt magnet, a cerium-cobalt magnet, an aluminum-nickel-cobalt magnet, a ferrite magnet and / or preferably a neodymium magnet.
Das erfindungsgemäße Lautsprechersystem weist bevorzugt eine Membran auf, die insbesondere als Sandwich-Membran ausgebildet ist, die durch die Kombination von Kernmaterial und Deckschichten steif ausgebildet werden kann. Bevorzugt weist das Kernmaterial eine Wabenstruktur auf und kann beispielsweise aus Aramidfasern, Papier, Polyester, Polypropylen oder Aluminium gebildet sein. Die Deckschichten der Membran können Faserwerkstoffe, Metallfolien und/oder Kunststofffolien umfassen. Die Deckschichten der Membran können Faserwerkstoffe, Metallfolien und/oder Kunststofffolien umfassen. Bei den Faserwerkstofefn kann es sich beispielsweise um Papier oder Baumwolle handeln. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, technische Gewebe aus Kohlefasern oder Glasfasern bzw. Aramidfasern oder Gelege einzusetzen, bei denen Fasern unidirektional nebeneinander positioniert vorliegen. Beim Einsatz von Geweben aus Kohle-, Glas- oder Aramidfasern muss das Gewebe zumindest auf einer Seite eine matrixartige Struktur aufweisen, die beispielsweise aus Thermo- oder Duroplasten hergestellt werden kann. Bevorzugt ist es, wenn die Membran mindestens zweiteilige, miteinander verbundene Spritzgussfolien oder Folien umfasst. Selbstverständlich kann die Membran auch einteilig ausgebildet sein.The loudspeaker system according to the invention preferably has a membrane, which is designed in particular as a sandwich membrane, which can be formed stiff by the combination of core material and cover layers. The core material preferably has a honeycomb structure and can be formed, for example, from aramid fibers, paper, polyester, polypropylene or aluminum. The cover layers of the membrane may comprise fiber materials, metal foils and / or plastic films. The cover layers of the membrane may comprise fiber materials, metal foils and / or plastic films. The Faserwerkstofefn may be, for example, paper or cotton. Of course, it is also possible to use technical fabrics of carbon fibers or glass fibers or aramid fibers or scrims, in which fibers are positioned unidirectionally next to one another. When using fabrics of carbon, glass or aramid fibers, the fabric must have a matrix-like structure on at least one side, which can be produced, for example, from thermoplastics or thermosets. It is preferred if the membrane comprises at least two-part, interconnected injection-molded films or films. Of course, the membrane may also be formed in one piece.
Bevorzugt kann es sich bei den Faserwerkstoffen um Faser-Kunststoff-Verbünde handeln, die aus Verstärkungsfasern und einer Kunststoffmatrix bestehen. Die Matrix umgibt die Fasern, die durch Adhäsiv- oder Kohäsivkräfte an die Matrix gebunden sind. Erfindungsgemäß kann der Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund als Konstruktion aufgefasst werden. Seine Elemente müssen so kombiniert werden, dass sich die gewünschten Eigenschaften herausbilden. Durch das Zusammenspiel der spezifischen Eigenschaften von Faserwerkstoff und Matrixwerkstoff entstehen die gewünschten Ausgangsmaterialien für die Membranbeschichtung bzw. Membranverstärkung. In die Matrix werden Fasern gebettet, d. h. die Fasern werden räumlich fixiert, was eine Lastein- und -ausleitung ermöglicht. Zusätzlich stützt die Matrix die Fasern. Die Lastübertragung erfolgt durch die Adhäsion zwischen Faser, Matrix und Kern. Bei den Fasern kann es sich beispielsweise um Aramid-, Kohlenstoff-, Polyester-, Nylon-, Polyethylen-, Keramik-, Glas-, Bohr-, Flachs-, Hanf- und/oder andere Fasern handeln.Preferably, the fiber materials may be fiber-plastic composites consisting of reinforcing fibers and a plastic matrix. The matrix surrounds the fibers which are bonded to the matrix by adhesive or cohesive forces. According to the invention, the fiber-plastic composite can be construed as a construction. Its elements must be combined in such a way that the desired properties develop. The interplay of the specific properties of fiber material and matrix material produces the desired starting materials for membrane coating or membrane reinforcement. Fibers are embedded in the matrix, ie the fibers become spatial fixed, which allows a load input and output. In addition, the matrix supports the fibers. The load is transferred by the adhesion between fiber, matrix and core. The fibers may be, for example, aramid, carbon, polyester, nylon, polyethylene, ceramic, glass, drilling, flax, hemp and / or other fibers.
Die anmeldungsgemäße Lehre zeichnet sich durch folgende Merkmale aus:
- Abkehr vom technisch Üblichen
- neue Aufgabenstellung
- Vorliegen eines seit langem ungelösten dringenden Bedürfnisses für die Lösung des mit der Erfindung gelösten Problems
- bisheriges vergebliches Bemühen der Fachwelt
- die Einfachheit der Lösung spricht für erfinderische Tätigkeit, insbesondere da sie kompliziertere Lehren ersetzt
- Entwicklung der wissenschaftlichen Technik ging in eine andere Richtung
- entwicklungsstraffende Leistung
- Fehlvorstellungen der Fachwelt über die Lösung des entsprechenden Problems (Vorurteil)
- technischer Fortschritt, wie z. B.: Verbesserung, Leistungssteigerung, Verbilligung, Ersparnis an Zeit, Material, Arbeitsstufen, Kosten oder schwer beschaffbaren Rohstoffen, erhöhte Zuverlässigkeit, Beseitigung von Fehlern, Qualitätshebung, Wartungsfreiheit, größere Effektivität, höhere Ausbeute, Vermehrung der technischen Möglichkeiten, Bereitstellung eines weiteren Mittels, Eröffnung eines zweiten Weges, Eröffnung eines neuen Gebietes, erstmalige Lösung einer Aufgabe, Reservemittel, Alternativen, Möglichkeit der Rationalisierung, Automatisierung oder Miniaturisierung
- glücklicher Griff, da aus einer Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten eine bestimmte gewählt wurde, deren Ergebnis nicht vorausgesagt werden konnte, daher handelt es sich um ein patentwürdigen glücklichen Griff)
- Irrtümer in der Fachliteratur bzw. sehr widersprüchliche Darstellung zum Erfindungsgegenstand
- Kombinationserfindung, d.h. mehrere bekannte Elemente werden zu einer Kombination zusammengeführt, die einen überraschenden Effekt aufweist
- Lizenzvergabe
- Lob der Fachwelt und
- wirtschaftlicher Erfolg.
- Departure from the technical usual
- new task
- There is a long-standing unresolved pressing need for solving the problem solved by the invention
- previous futile effort of the experts
- the simplicity of the solution speaks for inventive step, especially as it replaces more complicated teachings
- Development of scientific technology went in a different direction
- development-firming achievement
- Misconceptions of the experts about the solution of the corresponding problem (prejudice)
- technical progress, such as B .: improvement, performance increase, cheapening, saving time, material, work stages, costs or difficult-to-procure raw materials, increased reliability, elimination of errors, quality improvement, freedom from maintenance, greater effectiveness, higher yield, increase in technical possibilities, providing a further means, Opening a second path, opening a new territory, solving a task for the first time, reserve resources, alternatives, possibility of rationalization, automation or miniaturization
- happy grip, as out of a variety of possibilities a particular one was chosen whose result could not be predicted, therefore it is a patentable lucky grip)
- Errors in the literature or very contradictory presentation of the subject invention
- Combination invention, ie several known elements are combined to form a combination that has a surprising effect
- licensing
- Praise the professional world and
- economic success.
Insbesondere die vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen der Erfindung weisen mindestens einen oder mehrere der genannten Vorteile auf.In particular, the advantageous embodiments of the invention have at least one or more of the advantages mentioned.
Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert werden, ohne auf diese Beispiele beschränkt zu sein.In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by means of examples, without being limited to these examples.
Die Figuren zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Membran und ein Lautsprecherchassis, wobei die Membran mittels einer spiegelbildlich aus zwei Teilen aufgebauten, nachgiebigen Membranaufhängung zentriert und positioniert ist.
- Figur 2:
- Querschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Membran mit einem zentrisch angeordneten Hochtöner.
Figur 3 + 4:- Zeigen den Querschnitt einer Gehäusewand in einem Lautsprechersystem.
- Figur 5:
- Zeigt die geklebte und aufgehängte Membran.
- FIG. 1:
- Cross-section through a membrane according to the invention and a loudspeaker chassis, wherein the membrane is centered and positioned by means of a mirror-image constructed of two parts, compliant membrane suspension.
- FIG. 2:
- Cross section of a membrane according to the invention with a centrally arranged tweeter.
- Figure 3 + 4:
- Show the cross section of a housing wall in a speaker system.
- FIG. 5:
- Shows the glued and suspended membrane.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Konstruktion ergibt sich, wenn es als Coax-System (wie in
Die
-
Figur 1 :- 1 Membran
- 2 Kernmaterial
- 3 Deckschichten
- 4 Zentrierspinne
- 5 Sicke
- 6 Schwingspulenträger
- 7 Schwingspule
- 8 Schwingspulenzuführung
- 9 Anschlussstecker
- 10 Obere Polplatte
- 11 Untere Polplatte
- 12 Magnet
- 13 Abstandshülse
- 14 Schraube
- 15 Korb
FIG. 1 :- 1 membrane
- 2 nuclear material
- 3 cover layers
- 4 spider
- 5 beads
- 6 voice coil bobbins
- 7 voice coil
- 8 voice coil feed
- 9 connector
- 10 Upper pole plate
- 11 Lower pole plate
- 12 magnet
- 13 spacer sleeve
- 14 screw
- 15 basket
-
Figur 2 :- 1 Korb
- 2 Sicke (Variante 1)
- 3 Membran
- 4 Dichtring (Variante 1)
- 5 Hochtöner
- 6 Dichtring (Variante 2)
- 7 Sicke (Variante 2)
FIG. 2 :- 1 basket
- 2 beads (variant 1)
- 3 membrane
- 4 sealing ring (variant 1)
- 5 tweeters
- 6 sealing ring (variant 2)
- 7 beads (variant 2)
-
Figur 3 :- 1 frühe Reflexionen
- 2 Membran
- 3 Korb
- 4 Primärschall von der Membran
FIG. 3 :- 1 early reflections
- 2 membrane
- 3 basket
- 4 primary sound from the membrane
-
Figur 4 :- 1 komprimierte Schallwellen
FIG. 4 :- 1 compressed sound waves
Claims (11)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
characterized in that
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Aufhängung der Membran symmetrisch, bevorzugt in Form von zwei gespiegelten und identischen Aufhängungen erfolgt.Loudspeaker system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the suspension of the membrane takes place symmetrically, preferably in the form of two mirrored and identical suspensions.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
es mindestens die Merkmale a) und b), a) und c), b) und c) bzw. a), b) und c) aufweist.Loudspeaker system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
it has at least the features a) and b), a) and c), b) and c) or a), b) and c).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Durchmesser der Schwingspule im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser der Membran 0,75:1, bevorzugt 0,8:1, besonders bevorzugt 0,9:1, insbesondere 1:1 beträgt.Loudspeaker system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the diameter of the voice coil in relation to the diameter of the membrane is 0.75: 1, preferably 0.8: 1, more preferably 0.9: 1, in particular 1: 1.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Membran als Tieftönermembran ausgebildet ist und zusätzlich einen Hochtöner aufweist.Loudspeaker system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the membrane is designed as woofer membrane and additionally has a tweeter.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der innerhalb des Magnetensystems liegende Hochtöner den Schall durch eine Öffnung in der Membran des Tieftöners abstrahlt.Loudspeaker system according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that
the tweeter inside the magnet system emits sound through an opening in the woofer's membrane.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
mindestens ein Bereich einer Sicke der Membran durch elastischen Schaumstoff gebildet ist.Loudspeaker system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
at least a portion of a bead of the membrane is formed by elastic foam.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Membran eine Sandwich-Membran ist.Loudspeaker system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the membrane is a sandwich membrane.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Kernmaterial eine Wabenstruktur aus Aramidfasern, Papier, Nomex, Kunststoff, bevorzugt Polyester und/oder Polypropylen, Aluminium umfasst und/oder die Deckschichten Faserwerkstoffe, Metallfolien und/oder Kunststofffolien umfassen oder aber das Kernmaterial einen Schaum, bevorzugt technische Schäume umfasst.Loudspeaker system according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that
the core material comprises a honeycomb structure of aramid fibers, paper, nomex, plastic, preferably polyester and / or polypropylene, aluminum and / or the cover layers comprise fiber materials, metal foils and / or plastic films or else the core material comprises a foam, preferably technical foams.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Membran einteilig, bevorzugt zweiteilig miteinander verbundene Spritzgussformen und/oder Folien umfasst.Loudspeaker system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the membrane in one piece, preferably comprises two-piece interconnected injection molds and / or films.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08075841A EP2180721A1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2008-10-21 | Flat membrane loudspeaker |
CN200980141770.5A CN102187688A (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Flat diaphragm loudspeaker |
EP09752105A EP2213106B1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Flat diaphragm loudspeaker |
RU2011106827/28A RU2523094C2 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Low-frequency loudspeaker with flat diffuser and use thereof |
PCT/EP2009/007635 WO2010046132A1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Flat diaphragm loudspeaker |
US13/125,140 US8891810B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Flat diaphragm loudspeaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08075841A EP2180721A1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2008-10-21 | Flat membrane loudspeaker |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2180721A1 true EP2180721A1 (en) | 2010-04-28 |
Family
ID=40414094
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08075841A Withdrawn EP2180721A1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2008-10-21 | Flat membrane loudspeaker |
EP09752105A Not-in-force EP2213106B1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Flat diaphragm loudspeaker |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09752105A Not-in-force EP2213106B1 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Flat diaphragm loudspeaker |
Country Status (5)
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---|---|
US (1) | US8891810B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2180721A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102187688A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2523094C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010046132A1 (en) |
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WO2013127096A1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-06 | Sung Waileung | Folding loudspeaker vibrating diaphragm |
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2008
- 2008-10-21 EP EP08075841A patent/EP2180721A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-10-21 CN CN200980141770.5A patent/CN102187688A/en active Pending
- 2009-10-21 RU RU2011106827/28A patent/RU2523094C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-10-21 US US13/125,140 patent/US8891810B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-10-21 EP EP09752105A patent/EP2213106B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-10-21 WO PCT/EP2009/007635 patent/WO2010046132A1/en active Application Filing
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JPS6091798A (en) * | 1983-10-26 | 1985-05-23 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Composite speaker |
WO1998047317A1 (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-22 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Slotted diaphragm loudspeaker |
GB2335821A (en) * | 1998-03-25 | 1999-09-29 | Sony Corp | Loudspeaker with concentric diaphragms and voice coils arranged adjacent to the inner and outer edges of an annular magnetic pole |
DE19921210A1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-05-04 | Foster Electric Co Ltd | Production of electroacoustic resonant panel of speaker, microphone, involves bonding cell edge and resonant panel housing to a die in predetermined gap |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2472906A1 (en) * | 2011-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Slim type speaker and method of assembling the same |
US8582800B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 | 2013-11-12 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Slim-type speaker with interconnecting damper and bobbin |
WO2013127096A1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-06 | Sung Waileung | Folding loudspeaker vibrating diaphragm |
CN113423046A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-21 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Loudspeaker diaphragm, loudspeaker diaphragm preparation method and sound production device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2213106B1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
US8891810B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
EP2213106A1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
RU2011106827A (en) | 2012-08-27 |
WO2010046132A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
US20110299716A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
CN102187688A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
RU2523094C2 (en) | 2014-07-20 |
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