DE102014218427B4 - Loudspeaker, in particular electrodynamic loudspeaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a loudspeaker (50), in particular an electrodynamic loudspeaker (50), having a first oscillatable loudspeaker diaphragm (52, 152) and having an electrical vibration exciter (1) for the first loudspeaker diaphragm (52, 152). The vibration exciter (1) has an annular coil arrangement (2) and a magnet arrangement (4), wherein the coil arrangement (2) engages in an annular gap (30) of the magnet arrangement (4) such that the coil arrangement (2) and the magnet arrangement (4) are movable relative to one another in the axial direction (X), the coil arrangement (2) being connected to a bolt (14) extending through a through hole (38) in the axial direction (X) through the magnet arrangement (4) extends, wherein the bolt (14) at its end remote from the coil assembly (2) end with a disc-shaped support plate (10), preferably forming a right angle between the surface of the disc-shaped support plate (10) and the center axis of the bolt (14), is connected, wherein on the side facing away from the end of the bolt (14) side of the disc-shaped support plate (10) is provided, preferably first annular body (16), and wherein the annular body (16) with the first La a second oscillatable loudspeaker diaphragm (72) is connected to the magnet arrangement (4) on the side remote from the coil arrangement (2), so that the oscillation exciter (1) is connected between the first loudspeaker diaphragm (52 , 152) and the second loudspeaker diaphragm (72).

Description

The invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular an electrodynamic loudspeaker.

It is known that in loudspeakers the sound is radiated through a vibrating membrane. In electrodynamic loudspeakers an electrical signal is converted into membrane vibrations. In known electrodynamic speakers in this case a coil is attached to the membrane, which dips into the field of a permanent magnet. If the coil designed as a plunger coil flows through the control alternating current, the coil is excited to vibrate due to the so-called Lorentz force.

Known cone speakers have in addition to a conical membrane for mounting and centering of the oscillatory insert and the magnet system to a loudspeaker basket for the conical membrane, which at the same time also for installation in a housing, eg. B. a speaker housing, is used.

In addition, in known cone speakers a centering diaphragm is provided for the conical membrane, whereby the coil carrier is centered in the air gap of the magnet. In addition, a dust protection dome is provided on the membrane front side in the known cone membranes to protect the air gap from contamination.

For example, in DE 195 34 342 A1 discloses a speaker membrane or a speaker membrane attachment. It is also in DE 41 26 121 A1 a dynamic speaker with a cone cone described.

Further example is in DE 100 58 698 A1 an electrodynamic vacuum flat speaker described, wherein a drive system consists of a voice coil and a magnet system with magnetically axially polarized magnetic discs and a highly soft magnetic metal disc. The magnet system is firmly connected to the housing bottom via a magnet system carrier.

It is also in GB 2 416 951 A a speaker revealed. Furthermore, in DE 25 53 070 A1 a deep electroacoustic transducer is provided wherein a plurality of spaced apart and generally parallel and alternately fixed and movable diaphragms are provided defining a plurality of narrow air chambers with oppositely directed open sides, and wherein by a device movable membranes are alternately moved towards the fixed membranes and away from them.

Also revealed DE 101 12 544 A1 a microspeaker for a wireless communication device. The microspeaker has a carrier device, a first oscillation system and a second oscillation system. In this case, the first vibration system has a first pole plate, a first magnetic iron core, a first sound coil and a first vibration diaphragm, while the second vibration system has a second pole plate, a second magnetic iron core, a second sound coil and a second vibration diaphragm. The carrier device is interleaved between the first vibration system and the second vibration system, the second vibration system serving as a pickup device of the wireless communication device, and the first vibration system serving as a transmission speaker of the wireless communication device.

In addition, in WO 2010/007440 A1 a composite driver for a headphone is described, wherein the driver comprises a first drive for a first diaphragm and second drive for a second diaphragm and wherein a common magnet system for the first and second driver is provided.

Moreover, in DE 198 21 862 A1 discloses a sound reproduction device, wherein at least one sound panel, which is formed by a core layer and a cover layer, and at least one driver, which is attached to the sound panel or integrated therein, are provided. Further, two of the sound panels are spaced from each other and there are elements connecting the two sound panels, with the drivers arranged on the sides of the sound panels facing each other.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simplified construction, and in particular compact, speakers for various audio applications, with good sound reproduction should be made possible even at low frequencies.

This object is achieved by a loudspeaker, in particular electrodynamic loudspeaker, with a first oscillatable loudspeaker diaphragm and with an electrical vibrator for the first loudspeaker diaphragm, wherein the vibrator comprises an annular coil arrangement and a magnet arrangement, wherein the coil arrangement engages in an annular gap of the magnet arrangement in such a way, in that the coil arrangement and the magnet arrangement are movable in the axial direction relative to one another, wherein the coil arrangement is connected to a bolt which extends through a through hole in axial direction extending through the magnet assembly, wherein the bolt is connected at its end facing away from the coil assembly with a disc-shaped support plate, preferably forming a right angle between the surface of the disc-shaped support plate and the center axis of the bolt, wherein on the from the end of the Bolzens opposite side of the disc-shaped support plate a, preferably first annular body is provided, and wherein the annular body is connected to the first speaker diaphragm, wherein a second oscillatable speaker diaphragm is connected to the magnet assembly on the side facing away from the coil assembly, so that the vibration exciter between the first speaker diaphragm and the second speaker diaphragm is arranged.

The invention is based on the idea that is connected by the arrangement of the vibrator between two oscillating speaker membranes, the vibrator with two speaker membranes and operating the vibrator, the second passive speaker diaphragm in the case of resonance with a phase shift of 90 ° to the front, driven by the vibration exciter moved (first) speaker diaphragm. Due to the annular contact between the disk-shaped support plate and the first loudspeaker diaphragm by means of the annular body arranged therebetween as an extension of the coil or coil arrangement, the deflection force of the coil arrangement is transmitted with high rigidity directly to the first loudspeaker diaphragm. In this case, audio signals are generated by means of the vibration exciter and transmitted to the first speaker diaphragm.

The electric vibrator is operated in an electrodynamic or electromagnetic manner. For this purpose, the vibration exciter on an annular coil assembly which engages in an annular gap of a magnet assembly, wherein the annular coil about a longitudinal axis or central axis, which is hereinafter also referred to as the longitudinal axis of the vibration exciter, extends. In the vibration exciter, the coil assembly and the magnet assembly are in the axial direction, i. H. in the direction of the aforementioned longitudinal axis movable relative to each other, so that moves in these movements, the coil assembly in the direction of its longitudinal axis or central axis in the annular gap of the magnet assembly.

On the rear side of the magnet arrangement, the second loudspeaker membrane is connected as a passive membrane to the magnet arrangement using connection means. Furthermore, the otherwise detectable sound pressure drop at low frequencies of the loudspeaker according to the invention is reduced by the second loudspeaker diaphragm, whereby an otherwise additional transducer for the low-frequency range is unnecessary.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the loudspeaker it is provided that a second annular body is provided between the second loudspeaker diaphragm and the magnet arrangement, so that the second loudspeaker diaphragm is connected to the magnet arrangement by means of the second annular body.

Moreover, it is conceivable within the scope of the invention for the second loudspeaker diaphragm to be connected to the magnet arrangement using corresponding connection means.

Furthermore, in a further development of the loudspeaker, it is preferred that the first annular body, which is provided between the support plate and the first loudspeaker diaphragm, and the second annular body, which is provided between the magnet arrangement and the second loudspeaker diaphragm, are arranged in alignment with one another.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the second loudspeaker membrane has an annular membrane neck, and the second annular body is connected to the membrane neck of the second loudspeaker membrane, wherein in particular the second annular body is arranged to engage the membrane neck of the second loudspeaker membrane. In the case of the loudspeaker according to the invention, this results in centering of the vibration exciter between the loudspeaker diaphragms.

Advantageously, in one embodiment, the speaker membranes are made of, preferably langfaserigem, paper, plastic, such. As polypropylene, or Kevlar, rigid foam, such as. As polystyrene, or aluminum, for. B. in a honeycomb structure, in order to achieve low-weight in connection or in unity with the due to high rigidity, a piston-shaped movement without bending vibrations and high efficiency due to low mass.

Furthermore, embodiments of the first loudspeaker diaphragm and / or the second loudspeaker diaphragm are characterized in that a circumferential bead is provided on the outer side of the loudspeaker membranes, in particular the conical diaphragm, wherein in particular the bead is arranged to be connected to a loudspeaker support, in particular a wall, to be arranged directly.

As a result, according to the invention, a loudspeaker basket-free speaker is provided, it being possible, the speaker membranes under Interconnecting the bead directly and without basket to connect to the baffle or, resulting in a flush installation of the speaker. In this case, the beads provided on the outer sides of the first or second loudspeaker membrane are fastened directly to or on the baffle or a corresponding constructional unit. For example, a membrane bead on the baffle is adhesively bonded thereto.

Characterized in that is omitted in the speaker according to the invention on a mounting basket for one or the two speaker membranes, no Korbresonanzen that could affect the transmission or reproduction of sound waves generated in the sound generation.

Preferably, the beads of the speaker membranes, also referred to as outer chucks, are made of a foamable plastic material or rubber or the like. Alternatively, the bead of the speaker membranes with z. B. formed from an embossment of the membrane material for the first and second speaker membrane.

In one embodiment of the loudspeaker, it is further provided that the first loudspeaker membrane has an annular membrane neck and the first annular body for the first loudspeaker membrane is connected to the membrane neck of the first loudspeaker membrane, wherein in particular the annular body is arranged to engage the membrane neck of the first loudspeaker membrane.

In one embodiment of the loudspeaker, it is also preferred that the first loudspeaker diaphragm and the second loudspeaker diaphragm are each designed as a conical membrane, each with a cavity on the front side. In particular, in this case, the conical membranes may be formed in each case as a convex membrane or as a concave membrane or as a smooth-walled membrane.

For this purpose, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the speaker that a.) The electric vibrator between the back of the first cone cone and the back of the second cone membrane is arranged or that b.) The electric vibrator between the back of the first cone cone and the front of the is arranged on the second cone diaphragm or that c.) The electrical vibration exciter between the front of the first cone diaphragm and the front side of the second cone diaphragm is arranged. The front of the conical membranes surrounds the cavity of the respective speaker membrane.

In a further embodiment of the loudspeaker, it is proposed that the first loudspeaker membrane is designed as a flat membrane, in particular a flat-membrane flexural wave membrane, and the second loudspeaker membrane is designed as a conical membrane.

For this purpose, it is preferred in a development of the loudspeaker that a.) The electrical vibration exciter between the back of the flat membrane and the back of the cone membrane is arranged or that b.) The electrical vibration exciter between the back of the flat membrane and the front of the second cone membrane is arranged ,

According to a further embodiment, it is likewise provided within the scope of the invention that the first loudspeaker diaphragm and the second loudspeaker diaphragm are in each case formed as a flat membrane, in particular flexible flat membrane, wherein the electrical vibration exciter is arranged between the first flat membrane and the second flat membrane.

In addition, the speaker is characterized in that on the outside of the first speaker diaphragm, d. H. on the outer circumference of the membrane, and on the outside of the second loudspeaker membrane each have a circumferential bead is provided, in particular, the beads are adapted to be arranged directly on a speaker support.

Preferably, the coil assembly extends as an annular projection in the axial direction of the disc-shaped support plate, wherein the coil assembly is movable in the axial direction relative to the magnet assembly.

Furthermore, it is favorable in the case of the loudspeaker that the coil arrangement and the annular body are each arranged on one side of the disk-shaped support plate.

In addition, an embodiment of the loudspeaker is characterized in that the diameter of the first annular body and the diameter of the second annular body are equal and / or that the thickness of the first annular body and the thickness of the second annular body are the same.

In addition, an embodiment of the electrical vibration exciter for the speaker is characterized in that the disc-shaped support plate is so elastic that oscillatory movements of the coil assembly, preferably with vibration frequencies of 40 Hz to 5000 Hz, are transferable to the first ring body and / or the movements of the first Ring body and the Coil arrangement of the movements of the bolt, preferably dynamic, decoupled or decoupled. This ensures that the moving mass of coil and membrane or first speaker diaphragm is not additionally increased.

In addition, in a further development of the loudspeaker, it is preferred that the electrical oscillation exciter is set up in such a way as to generate vibrations, preferably in a frequency range between 40 Hz to 5,000 Hz, in the first loudspeaker diaphragm connected to the first annular body.

Furthermore, in the case of the electrical vibration exciter, the bolt is guided axially movably and centered on an axial side of the magnet arrangement facing away from the coil arrangement, wherein in particular the bolt is fastened to the axial direction of the magnet arrangement facing away from the coil arrangement on a centering membrane which is fixed to the magnet arrangement on its outer circumference. Moreover, in one embodiment it is further provided that the centering membrane is sealingly connected to the outer circumference of the magnet assembly and also sealed to the bolt, so that an outwardly closed volume between the centering diaphragm and the magnet assembly is formed.

In addition, it is possible in the context of the invention that the bolt for the coil assembly using at least one or more springs, in particular leaf springs, is guided axially movable and centered or is.

Preferably, a ventilation opening for targeted ventilation and ventilation of the volume is also provided in electrical vibration exciters, wherein the ventilation opening is formed in particular as a channel in which extending through the centering pin.

Expediently, furthermore, the coil arrangement extends as an annular projection in the axial direction of the disc-shaped support plate, which is movable in the axial direction relative to the magnet arrangement.

In addition, the bolt is conveniently fixed to the disc-shaped support plate in the axial and radial directions. In addition, at least one spring element acting in the axial direction is arranged between the disc-shaped support plate and the magnet arrangement. Preferably, the disc-shaped support plate and the magnet pot of the magnet assembly are further connected at the periphery via a seal, so that the volume bounded by the support plate and the magnet pot is sealed to the outside.

In the case of the electrical vibration exciter, preferably the through-hole in the magnet or in the magnet arrangement and the part of the bolt extending through it are each dimensioned in their cross section such that a gap is formed between the inner circumference of the through-hole and the outer circumference of the bolt. Furthermore, an electrical connection for the coil arrangement is preferably formed or provided on the disc-shaped support plate.

Furthermore, at least one bolt is provided in the vibration generator, which forms an additional guide. Here, the bolt is connected to the support plate and extends parallel to and preferably along the longitudinal axis of the coil assembly or the vibration exciter, whereby the bolt extends in the direction of movement of the coil assembly relative to the magnet assembly. The bolt extends in the axial direction, d. H. in the direction of the longitudinal axis through a through hole through the magnet arrangement, whereby the bolt in the magnet arrangement or on the rear side of the magnet arrangement facing away from the coil arrangement forms a guide during the relative movement between coil arrangement and magnet arrangement.

Preferably, the bolt and the through hole are arranged centrally with respect to the coil assembly. Here, the bolt and the through hole extend along the longitudinal axis of the coil assembly and the vibration exciter.

In addition, a further development of the vibration exciter is characterized in that the width of the annular body is smaller than the height of the annular body. In this way, a sufficient distance between the baffle or the baffle body, where the electric vibrator is or is arranged, and the disc-shaped support plate is achieved. In the context of the invention, it is also possible in one embodiment of the vibration exciter that the width of the annular body is greater than or equal to the height of the annular body.

In addition, it is advantageously provided in the vibration exciter that the bolt and the through hole and the annular body and the support plate are arranged centrally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coil assembly. As a result, a reliable transmission of the vibrations is achieved on the first speaker diaphragm.

Expediently, the magnet arrangement is formed from an outer magnet pot and a core arranged therein, wherein the core extends in the axial direction starting from a bottom of the magnet pot, so that between the outer circumference of the core and the inner circumference of the magnet pot, the annular gap is formed. The magnet pot has a bottom, which is preferably circular, from which a circumferential wall extends. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the peripheral wall is cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical.

Inside the peripheral wall, starting from the bottom, the core having an outer periphery extends, the outer periphery preferably extending parallel to the inner periphery of the peripheral wall of the magnet pot, thereby forming a gap of constant width between the magnet pot and the core. Preferably, the core is formed circular cylindrical, so that a circular gap between the magnet pot and the core is formed. In the circular gap engages the coil assembly, which is correspondingly annular, in particular annular, formed, so that they can move relative to the magnet pot. The width of the gap between the core and the magnet pot is selected to be greater than the radial thickness of the coil assembly so that the coil assembly does not contact the walls of the gap and is freely movable in the gap in the axial direction.

Furthermore, a further development of the vibration exciter is characterized in that the width of the annular body is less than or equal to the width of the annular gap between the outer circumference of the core and the inner circumference of the magnet pot or that the width of the annular body is greater than the width of the annular gap between the outer circumference of the core and the inner circumference of the magnet pot.

The core of the magnet arrangement expediently has a permanent magnet which generates a magnetic field in the magnet arrangement which interacts with the magnetic field caused by the coil during its energization and thus generates oscillations of the coil relative to the magnet pot. Preferably, the core is formed so that the magnet forms a portion of the core in the axial direction, preferably a section adjacent to the bottom of the magnet pot.

The through hole in the electric vibrator preferably extends axially through the core and the bottom of the magnet pot so that the bolt can extend in its direction of movement through the entire core cup and bottom cup arrangement and on the outside of the cup, i , H. the side facing away from the core and the coil assembly side of the bottom, can be performed.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments according to the invention together with the claims and the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the invention may satisfy individual features or a combination of several features.

The invention will be described below without limiting the general inventive concept using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing, reference being expressly made to the drawing with respect to all in the text unspecified details of the invention. Show it:

1 schematically a cross-sectional view through a loudspeaker according to the invention with an electrical vibration exciter;

2a . 2 B each schematically a cross-sectional view through a speaker according to further embodiments and

3 schematically a view of a speaker in cross section according to another embodiment.

In the drawings, the same or similar elements and / or parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that apart from a new idea each.

The in 1 shown in cross-section speakers 50 has a first cone cone 52 on, which surrounds a conical or funnel-like volume on its front membrane. The conically shaped membrane or conical membrane 52 has in the tapered inner region an annular membrane neck 54 on. In the inner area of the cone membrane 52 is a membrane bottom 56 as an inner closure for the cone membrane 52 educated.

Furthermore, on the membrane front side in the cone-shaped volume or region on the oscillatory cone membrane 52 an electrical vibrator 1 for the cone membrane 52 arranged.

The vibration exciter schematically shown in cross section 1 consists of two essential parts, which are movable relative to each other or can swing relative to each other. The vibration generator 1 has a coil arrangement 2 and a magnet arrangement 4 on.

Furthermore, the coil arrangement 2 a circular wound coil 6 on. The sink 6 is on a coil carrier 8th mounted as an annular projection of a disc-shaped, circular support plate 10 in the axial direction X protrudes. The disk-shaped support plate 10 has a circular outer periphery and extends concentrically to the longitudinal axis or central axis X of the vibration exciter 1 , The coil carrier 8th is a cylindrical wall extending from the disc-shaped support plate 10 protrudes in the axial direction X and on its outer circumference, the coil 6 wearing. On the support plate 10 is a (not shown here) electrical connector for the electrical connection of the coil 6 appropriate.

At the disk-shaped support plate 10 is centrally one of the support plate 10 protruding bolt 14 positioned, which is formed of a non-magnetic material and in the axial direction X on both sides of the support plate 10 extends. The bolt 14 is with the flat support plate 10 forming a right angle to the surface, preferably rigidly connected.

Below or on the of the magnet assembly 4 or from the bolt 14 opposite side of the disc-shaped support plate 10 is a (first) ring body 16 arranged surrounding a circular surface or a cylindrical volume. The central axis of the ring body 16 is here collinear to the longitudinal or central axis X of the vibration exciter 1 Running forward.

By means of the ring body 16 becomes or is the vibration exciter 1 at the diaphragm neck 54 and at the bottom of the membrane 56 attached or arranged, wherein the annular body 16 with the circular membrane neck 54 connected is. In particular, the outer diameter of the annular body corresponds 16 the diameter of the circular diaphragm neck 54 or the diameter of the membrane bottom 56 ,

In an embodiment not shown here, the annular body 16 with the circular membrane neck 54 connected, so the speaker 50 as well as the cone membrane 52 are formed without a membrane bottom.

The magnet arrangement 4 also consists of a magnet pot 18 made of a soft magnetic material. The magnet pot 18 has a circular cylindrical bottom 20 on. From the ground 20 from the circumference extends in the axial direction X a circular cylindrical peripheral wall 22 , ground 20 and peripheral wall 22 can be formed in one piece. The magnet arrangement 4 also has a core 24 on, in the axial direction X concentric with the peripheral wall 22 from the ground 20 extends. The core 24 is formed of two parts, a circular cylindrical disc-shaped permanent magnet 26 and a circular cylindrical disc-shaped pole plate 28 ,

The permanent magnet 26 and the pole plate 28 are placed in the axial direction X on each other so that the permanent magnet 26 on the ground 20 of the magnet pot 18 abuts and the pole plate 28 the free end, ie the ground 20 opposite end of the core 24 forms. The core 24 has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 , This will be an annular gap 30 between the core 4 and in particular the pole plate 28 and the surrounding peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 educated.

In the annular gap 30 engages the coil assembly 4 with its annular coil carrier 8th and the coil arranged thereon 6 one, leaving the coil 6 between the outer periphery of the pole plate 28 and the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 22 is located. When energized, the coil generates 6 a magnetic field that interacts with that of the permanent magnet 26 generated magnetic field occurs. If the coil 6 is excited with an AC voltage, the coil 6 relative to the magnet assembly 4 in vibration in the axial direction X offset. Incidentally, the axial direction X is collinear with the center or symmetry axis of the first cone diaphragm 52 of the speaker 50 ,

The support plate 10 vibrates due to the movement of the coil 6 , The vibrations of the coil 6 and of the coil 6 continuing ring body 16 become attached to the cone membrane 52 that with the diaphragm neck 54 connected ring body 16 coupled, transmitted.

The ring body 16 of the vibration exciter 1 is or will be using an adhesive or other fastener with the cone membrane 52 connected. At the ring body 16 the width (or height) is greater than the thickness. The thickness of the ring body 16 results from half the difference of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular body 16 , The disk-shaped support plate 10 is designed to transmit vibrations, for example, preferably above 1000 Hz thin, whereby the support plate 10 elastic or quasi-elastic and their bending stiffness is reduced, so that the vibrations of the coil assembly 2 directly on the ring body 16 and on the cone membrane 52 be transferred while the bolt 14 depending on the rigidity of the support plate 10 is at least partially or almost completely disconnected from these vibrations or is.

The ring body 16 is on the support plate 10 in the area of on the other side of the support plate 10 provided coil assembly 2 arranged. The thickness of the ring body 16 is (in the projection) smaller than the width of the gap 30 the magnet arrangement 4 ,

Between the magnet arrangement 4 facing end face of the support plate 10 and the axial end surface of the peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 are several springs 32 arranged. These are designed as compression springs or leaf springs and preferably arranged distributed uniformly over the circumference. The feathers 32 put that from the coil 6 in interaction with the permanent magnet 26 Magnetic force counteracted a counter force.

The annular gap between the peripheral wall 22 and the support plate 10 in which the springs 32 are arranged can be hermetically sealed in a configuration on the outer circumference by a seal. The seal may have in one embodiment, a radially outwardly directed protuberance and is preferably formed elastically, so that they move the support plate 10 relative to the peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 allows.

By sealing this gap by means of a (not shown) seal is in one embodiment between the support plate 10 and the magnet pot 18 a closed volume 36 created. This volume 36 , which is filled with air, can, as described in more detail below, as an air spring, the action of the springs 32 support. Also, the seal itself can have spring action to the springs 32 to support. It is also conceivable to form the seal so resilient that on the additional springs 32 can be waived. Furthermore, the air pressed during deflection through the annular gap has the effect of friction as damping or damping element in the region of the resonances or the resonance frequencies of the magnetic suspension.

In the magnet arrangement 4 ie in the core 24 and the floor 20 of the magnet pot 18 is a through hole 38 formed, which in the axial direction X centrally through the magnet assembly 4 extends. Through this through hole 38 the bolt extends 14 so far through that he's at the circular support plate 10 and thus the coil arrangement 2 opposite side of the magnet pot 18 from the soil 20 protrudes. There is the bolt 14 with an airtight centering membrane 40 firmly connected.

The centering membrane 40 of the vibration exciter 1 may be formed for example of an airtight tissue or metal. The centering membrane 40 caused by their firm connection with the axial end of the bolt 14 in that it is kept centered with respect to the axial direction X and in the axial direction X by the diaphragm 40 to be led. That is, the membrane 40 allows axial movement of the bolt 14 together with the support plate 10 and attached to this coil assembly 2 , The bolt becomes radial 14 however, through the membrane 40 at the first end and at the opposite longitudinal end via the support plate 10 and the springs 32 centered, allowing a radial movement of the support plate 10 and the coil assembly 2 relative to the magnet assembly 4 is essentially prevented. This will prevent the coil 6 and the coil carrier 8th with the side walls of the gap 30 come in contact with the movement. Thus, a tilting of the movable parts to each other is prevented, regardless of the movements and the installation position of the arrangement.

The centering membrane 40 is on its outer periphery with the ground 20 of the magnet pot 18 firmly and tightly connected. The fixed connection is used for radial fixation of the bolt 14 , The dense configuration of the connection causes between the centering diaphragm 40 and the outside, that of the support plate 10 opposite side of the floor 20 , a volume 42 is created, which is sealed to the outside and filled with air. The axial end of the bolt 14 extends centrally through the centering diaphragm 40 therethrough. That is, the centering diaphragm 40 is circumferentially on the bolt at the axial end 14 sealed attached. In the front end of the bolt 14 is a (not shown) bore, ie, a channel formed which extends into the interior of the bolt and the rear side of the centering diaphragm 40 to the peripheral surface of the bolt 14 extends and so a flow passage from the front end of the bolt 14 in the volume 42 into it.

The volumes 36 and 42 stand over the through hole 38 in contact with each other. The through hole 38 has a diameter which is greater than the outer diameter of the bolt 14 , So is between the bolt 14 and the inner wall of the through hole 38 an annular gap 46 created, which the volumes 36 and 42 connects with each other. If this annular gap 46 chosen small enough, he also forms a throttle, which only a limited exchange of air between the volumes 36 and 42 allows. This is how the volumes work 36 and 42 during axial movement of the support plate 10 with the coil arrangement 2 and the bolt 14 as air springs, the annular gap 46 however, as a damper.

If the annular gap 46 is increased, the flow passage in the connection of the volumes 36 and 42 increases, whereby the spring stiffness of the air springs thus formed decreases with the increasing channel cross-section. The air but experiences in the annular gap 46 a friction resistance, which contributes to the damping of the vibration of the spring-mass system. In addition, the air is out of volume 36 which is due to the power dissipation of the coil 6 heated, in the annular gap 46 on the bolt 14 passed, leaving some of the heat of the air on the bolt 14 passes over and can be dissipated via this.

Through the leadership of the bolt 14 at both axial ends of the vibration exciter 1 tilting due to external shocks is prevented. The air volumes created by the dense design 36 and 42 can with appropriate dimensioning of the other resilient components and the annular gap 46 In addition, the properties of the vibration exciter 1 significantly improve. The volumes 36 and 42 with the trapped air allow by their action as air spring another manipulated variable for optimal adaptation of the system to the particular application. The outwardly closed design of the system also allows the abandonment of an additional housing, whereby the structure of the vibration exciter 1 is significantly simplified.

On the outside of the conical membrane designed as a loudspeaker diaphragm 52 is along the circular outer periphery of the cone cone 52 a circumferential bead 58 formed, wherein the bead 58 with the cone membrane 52 connected is. The bead 58 is preferably formed as a kind of clamping bead.

The bead 58 has on its outside a flat section 59 in the manner of a tab on, allowing for attachment or arrangement of the speaker 50 in or on a wall 62 having speaker recording 60 , z. As a speaker or a vehicle door or the like, the flat, tab-like section 59 with the wall 62 is connected or becomes.

The speaker 50 is characterized by the fact that for the attachment of the speaker 50 or for the arrangement of the vibration exciter 2 at the cone membrane 52 a loudspeaker basket or loudspeaker chassis as well as the arrangement of the loudspeaker 50 in the speaker recording 50 a basket or a chassis is dispensable for this. In addition, there is a simplified structure of the speaker 50 , Since dispensing with an attacking on the speaker basket centering diaphragm for a plunger coil or the like.

On the floor 20 of the magnet pot 18 the magnet arrangement 4 opposite side is on the back of the magnet pot 18 or the magnet arrangement 4 a (second) ring body 66 arranged, which is aligned with the first ring body 16 for the first cone cone 52 is arranged. Between the ring body 66 inside is the membrane 40 arranged.

The speaker 50 points next to the first cone cone 52 (As first speaker diaphragm) a second cone diaphragm 72 as a second speaker diaphragm, wherein the annular body 66 at the diaphragm neck 74 the cone membrane 72 is arranged attacking. Furthermore, the cone cone 72 a membrane bottom 76 on.

In the embodiment in 1 is the vibration generator 1 between the facing cavities of the cone membranes 52 . 72 arranged so that the vibration exciter 1 between the two parallel cone membranes 52 . 72 located. This moves when the exciter vibrates 1 that of the vibration exciter 1 driven cone cone 72 in the case of resonance with a 90 ° phase shift to the first cone diaphragm driven by the vibration exciter 52 , Due to the fact that the sound pressure curves of the two membranes are superimposed, the addition of the sound pressure characteristics of the cone membrane results 52 and the cone membrane 72 a significant increase in the sound pressure in the low frequency range, as z. B. of a bass reflex design, z. B. Helmholtz resonator, is known.

Will the vibration generator 1 with its designed as a fastening ring ring body 16 at the inner diameter or at the diaphragm neck 54 attached, becomes the vibration exciter 1 partially or completely taken up by the volume formed by the conicity within the membrane front. Here lies the mass of the vibration exciter 1 with this method of attachment in the focal plane of the conical membrane 52 or the second conical membrane 72 , whereby an additional centering on the neck of the membrane is dispensable.

The second cone cone 72 passing over the second ring body 66 with the back of the magnet pot 18 is connected, has on its outside a bead 78 with an outer flap 79 on. The bead 78 is formed circumferentially. Preferably, the bead is 78 also formed as a kind of Einspannsicke. By providing an outer flap 79 at the bead 78 will allow the speaker 50 on the wall 62 a speaker recording is arranged. Here is the wall 62 from the two beads 59 the first cone cone 52 and from the bead 79 surrounded by the second conical membrane.

The wall 62 can in one embodiment, the wall of a closed or ventilated housing, such. B. compound housing, his.

Due to the direct clamping of the conical membrane 52 and the cone membrane 72 without basket on the wall 62 This results in a simplified structure of the speaker 50 , At the in 1 illustrated embodiment, the cone cone 52 and the cone membrane 72 arranged so that their cavities respectively inward to the vibration exciter 1 demonstrate. Radial forces on cone membranes 52 . 72 and the membrane picks 58 . 78 are by attaching the vibration exciter 1 between the membranes 52 . 72 greatly reduced. Furthermore, due to the mechanical friction and air damping of the magnet pot 18 fasten conical membrane 72 the resonance quality lowered, whereby further measures for damping are unnecessary.

In the 2a . 2 B are other versions of the speaker 50 shown schematically in cross section. According to the embodiment in FIG 2a is the schematically drawn vibration exciter 1 between the cone membrane 52 whose cavity faces outward and the second conical membrane 72 whose cavity also faces outward. Here is the vibration generator 1 over the first ring body 16 with the first cone cone 52 connected at the diaphragm neck, while the diaphragm neck of the cone diaphragm 72 over the ring body 66 with the vibration exciter 1 connected is. For further details on the vibration exciter is the comments on 1 directed.

At the in 2 B illustrated embodiment of a cross-sectional view through the speaker 50 have the openings of the cavities of the two cone membranes 52 . 72 in the same direction, leaving the membranes 52 . 72 are oriented in the same direction or mounted. Here is the vibration generator 1 over the ring body 16 with the cone membrane 52 connected to the membrane neck. Furthermore, the vibration generator 1 (see. 1 ) over the ring body 66 with the cone neck of the conical membrane 72 connected.

The in the 2a . 2 B each illustrated speaker 50 can be arranged at a pipe end or in a pipe.

This in 3 schematically illustrated embodiment of another speaker 50 has a bending wave flat membrane 152 as the first loudspeaker diaphragm, which over the ring body 16 with the vibration exciter 1 connected is. Here forms the bending wave flat membrane 152 z. B. the front of a flat speaker housing 150 , where the back of the vibrator 1 over the ring body 66 with the second cone cone 72 connected is. The cone membrane 72 is hereby arranged at a small distance behind the front in the rear wall of the housing. As a result, by means of the vibration exciter 1 provided as electrodynamic drive and without the use of another transducer a compact system with an extended woofer frequency range.

The bending wave flat membrane 152 is circumferential with a bead 158 formed, wherein the bead 158 with the housing 150 of the speaker 50 connected is.

All mentioned features, including the drawings alone to be taken as well as individual features that are disclosed in combination with other features are considered alone and in combination as essential to the invention. Embodiments of the invention may be accomplished by individual features or a combination of several features. In the context of the invention, features which are identified by "particular" or "preferably" are to be understood as optional features.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

vibration exciter

2

coil assembly

4

magnet assembly

6

Kitchen sink

8th

coil carrier

10

support plate

14

bolt

16

ring body

18

magnet pot

20

ground

22

peripheral

24

core

26

permanent magnet

28

pole plate

30

gap

32

feathers

36

volume

38

Through Hole

40

centering diaphragm

42

volume

46

annular gap

50

speaker

52

cone membrane

54

cone neck

56

diaphragm base

58

Beading

59

section

60

Speaker Recording

62

wall

66

ring body

72

cone membrane

74

cone neck

76

diaphragm base

78

Beading

79

flap

150

casing

152

Bending wave flat membrane

158

Beading

X

axial direction

Claims (16)

Speaker ( 50 ), in particular electrodynamic loudspeakers ( 50 ), with a first oscillatory loudspeaker membrane ( 52 . 152 ) and with an electric vibrator ( 1 ) for the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ), the vibration exciter ( 1 ) an annular coil arrangement ( 2 ) and a magnet arrangement ( 4 ), wherein the coil arrangement ( 2 ) in an annular gap ( 30 ) of the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) engages such that the coil arrangement ( 2 ) and the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) in the axial direction (X) are movable relative to each other, wherein the coil arrangement ( 2 ) with a bolt ( 14 ), which extends through a through hole ( 38 ) in the axial direction (X) through the magnet arrangement ( 4 ), wherein the bolt ( 14 ) at its from the coil assembly ( 2 ) facing away from the end with a disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ), preferably forming a right angle between the surface of the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ) and the center axis of the bolt ( 14 ), where on the end of the bolt ( 14 ) facing away from the disk-shaped support plate ( 10 ), preferably first annular body ( 16 ) is provided, and wherein the annular body ( 16 ) with the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ), wherein a second oscillatable loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) with the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) on the of the coil assembly ( 2 ) facing away from the side, so that the vibration exciter ( 1 ) between the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ) and the second loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) is arranged. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that between the second loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) and the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) a second annular body ( 66 ) is provided so that the second speaker membrane ( 72 ) with the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) by means of the second annular body ( 66 ) connected is. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first annular body ( 16 ), which between the support plate ( 10 ) and the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ) is provided, and the second ring body ( 66 ) located between the magnet assembly ( 4 ) and the second loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) is provided, are arranged in alignment with each other. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second loudspeaker membrane ( 72 ) an annular membrane neck ( 74 ) and the second annular body ( 66 ) with the membrane neck of the second loudspeaker membrane ( 72 ), wherein in particular the second annular body ( 66 ) at the membrane neck ( 74 ) of the second loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) is arranged attacking. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ) an annular membrane neck ( 54 ) and the first annular body ( 16 ) for the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ) with the membrane neck ( 54 ) of the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ), in particular the annular body ( 16 ) at the membrane neck ( 54 ) of the first loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ) is arranged attacking. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first loudspeaker membrane ( 52 . 152 ) and the second loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) each as a cone membrane ( 52 . 152 ) are each formed with a cavity. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that a.) The electrical vibration exciter between the back of the first cone diaphragm ( 52 ) and the back of the second cone cone ( 72 ) or that b.) the electric vibrator ( 1 ) between the back of the first cone cone ( 52 ) and the front of the second cone cone ( 72 ) or that c.) the electric vibrator ( 1 ) between the front of the first cone cone ( 52 ) and the front of the second cone cone ( 52 ) is arranged. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first loudspeaker membrane ( 52 . 152 ) as a flat membrane ( 152 ), in particular bending wave flat membrane, is formed and the second loudspeaker membrane ( 72 ) as cone cone ( 72 ) is trained. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that a.) The electrical vibration generator ( 1 ) between the back of the flat membrane ( 152 ) and the back of the cone cone ( 72 ) or that b.) the electric vibrator ( 1 ) between the back of the flat membrane ( 152 ) and the front of the second cone cone ( 72 ) is arranged. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first loudspeaker membrane and the second Speaker membrane ( 72 ) are each formed as a flat membrane, in particular flexural wave flat membrane, wherein the electrical vibration generator ( 1 ) is disposed between the first flat membrane and the second flat membrane. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that on the outside of the first loudspeaker membrane ( 52 . 152 ) and on the outside of the second loudspeaker diaphragm ( 72 ) each have a circumferential bead ( 58 . 78 . 158 ), in particular the beads ( 58 . 78 . 158 ) are arranged to be connected to a loudspeaker support ( 62 ) to be arranged directly. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the coil arrangement ( 2 ) as an annular projection ( 8th ) in the axial direction (X) of the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ), wherein the coil arrangement ( 2 ) in the axial direction (X) relative to the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) is movable. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the coil arrangement ( 2 ) and the ring body ( 16 ) each on one side of the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ) are arranged. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the diameter of the first annular body ( 16 ) and the diameter of the second annular body are the same and / or that the thickness of the first annular body ( 16 ) and the thickness of the second ring body are the same. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ) is so elastic that oscillatory movements of the coil arrangement ( 2 ), preferably with vibration frequencies of 40 Hz to 5,000 Hz, on the first annular body ( 16 ) are transferable and / or the movements of the first annular body ( 16 ) and the coil arrangement ( 2 ) of the movements of the bolt ( 14 ), preferably dynamic, decoupled or decoupled. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the electrical vibration generator ( 1 ) is adapted to oscillations, preferably in a frequency range between 40 Hz to 5000 Hz, in the with the first annular body ( 16 ) connected first speaker diaphragm ( 52 . 152 ) to create.

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