RU208011U1 - COMBINED COAXIAL SPEAKER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to electroacoustics, in particular to coaxial speakers capable of being formed into an array by combining two or more speakers. The device can be used in acoustic systems that are an element of a line array, a scalable point sound source, or in other systems where radiators are combined into arrays for high-quality sound reproduction in the audio frequency band. The technical result of the utility model is the creation of a device alternative to known devices, which allows, firstly, to obtain a coherent addition of a low- or mid-frequency speaker with a high-frequency driver loaded on a waveguide in the joint radiation range, and with a horizontal displacement from the radiation axis, the device has no effect subtractions in the range of joint radiation of the low- and / or mid-range speaker with a high-frequency driver. Secondly, the coherent summation of two or more adjacent high-frequency drivers loaded on the waveguide in the entire radiation range up to the upper human-audible frequency of 20 kHz, making it possible to achieve unique indicators in terms of the uniformity of the vertical directivity pattern with simultaneous sounding of several sources. The technical result is achieved due to the structural design of the device in the form of coaxially located in the center - a low- and / or mid-frequency speaker, on the rear side of the speaker - a high-frequency driver and on the front side of the speaker - a high-frequency driver waveguide. 6 w.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to electroacoustics, in particular to coaxial speakers that can be folded into an array by combining two or more speakers. The device can be used in loudspeaker systems that are part of a line array, a scalable point sound source, or in other systems where emitters are combined into arrays for high-quality sound reproduction in the audio frequency band.

Several examples of speaker systems and coaxial speaker arrangements are known in the art. At the same time, the disadvantage of known acoustic systems capable of folding into an array lies in a narrow horizontal directional pattern, due to interference processes in the area of joint sounding of the speaker and driver, the lack of coaxial speakers - in the impossibility of coherent addition in the high-frequency area, due to interference processes in the area of joint sound drivers of adjacent speaker systems.

Known technical solution from the RF patent RU2262812 "COAXIAL ACOUSTIC SYSTEM" (IPC H04R 9/06, priority: 13.05.2004), which is the design of a coaxial speaker system with a horn high-frequency loudspeaker. The coaxial speaker system from patent RU2262812 includes a diffuser attached with a corrugation and a centering washer to a diffuser holder, a magnetic system, a high-frequency loudspeaker with a horn installed in the center of the diffuser. Ribs are made on the outer lateral surface of the horn, the magnetic system is made in the form of ring magnets installed coaxially on the central rod with the base and located inside the voice coil with a ring of magnetically conductive material between them. The tweeter with a horn is mounted on the end of the ring magnet facing the diffuser. The cavity under the centering washer on the side opposite to the diffuser can be in communication with the atmosphere, and the horn can be made of a material with high thermal conductivity. As a result, the quality of sound reproduction is improved by reducing nonlinear harmonic distortion and intensifying heat removal from the magnetic system and voice coil, as well as reducing the weight of the speaker system.

US patent application "A COAXIAL LOUDSPEAKER" (see US2021136482, IPC H04R1 / 24; H04R7 / 12; H04R9 / 04; H04R9 / 06, priority 28/05/2018, 21/09/2018) describes a coaxial speaker that has the best dustproof and waterproof performance.

There is a known Chinese patent document "Coaxial linear array speaker" (see CN103686521, IPC H04R1 / 20, priority: 09/01/2012), which discloses a coaxial speaker with a linear array. A linear array coaxial speaker consists of n full-frequency coaxial speaker units in the longitudinal direction, N coaxial units in the horizontal direction, and an enclosure box, where n is greater than or equal to 2 and N is greater than or equal to 1; each speaker is a coaxial broadband unit, referred to as a coaxial unit for short; each unit is installed on the casing panel of the box; n coaxial units are mounted on the box body panels in the longitudinal direction; Coaxial N units are panel mounted horizontally. In accordance with the invention, the high frequency units are installed in the center of the low frequency units, the positions of the high frequency units and the low frequency units form coaxial parallel mounting points to not only cover the entire audible frequency band, but also satisfy the point sound source required for an ideal line array.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is the device described in the Chinese patent application CN112822611 (IPC H04R9 / 02; H04R9 / 06, priority 14.01.2021). The document discloses a coaxial composite loudspeaker applied to a line array and relates to the technical field of loudspeakers. The main points of the technical scheme are: it consists of a plurality of radiation units in a linear array, and the radiation unit consists of a composite loudspeaker and a speaker housing. The composite loudspeaker includes a pool frame, a high frequency diaphragm, a low frequency diaphragm, and a waveguide device arranged coaxially in series. The bottom surface of the waveguide device contacts the inner bottom surface of the pool body. The pool frame is equipped with a sound cavity connected with a waveguide device, in which a high-frequency diaphragm is installed; the low-frequency diaphragm has the shape of a cone located around the sound cavity, the wide mouthpiece of the low-frequency diaphragm is hermetically connected to the wide throat edge of the pool frame, and the other end is connected to the inner bottom surface of the sink frame. The linear array loudspeaker consists of a radiating unit consisting of a single coaxial composite loudspeaker to avoid interference caused by multiple speakers of different frequency ranges in a traditional radiating unit and a large front baffle mounting area.

The disadvantages of the prototype include, firstly, the lack of the possibility of coherent addition in the high-frequency region due to the too large distance between the waveguides and, consequently, the absence of the formation of a single sound wave front, and, secondly, the technical solution does not have the ability to change the high-frequency (HF) driver.

The loudspeaker market now offers many scalable devices that provide coherent combining of emitted sound in the frequency range up to 16-20 kHz when combining two or more loudspeakers into an array, while none of these loudspeakers has a coaxial arrangement of woofer or midrange and a high-frequency driver with a waveguide, therefore, unlike a combined coaxial speaker, existing systems have a pronounced narrowing of the radiation pattern in the area of joint sound of the speaker and driver. For example, systems that perform the same functions, but not coaxial: https://www.l-acoustics.com/loudspeakers/a-series/;https://jblpro.com/en/products/vrx932lap (date of access: August 26, 2021).

At the same time, the known systems with a coaxial arrangement of the speaker and driver do not provide coherent addition and the absence of interference at high frequencies when they are combined into an array. For example, coaxial speakers that cannot add to an array: http://www.bmsspeakers.com/index.php?id=bms_12cn682 , https://www.bcspeakers.com/en/products/coaxial (date accessed: 08/26/2021).

Thus, the technical problem of the proposed technical solution is to create a device for which it is possible:

First, the coherent addition of a low- or mid-frequency speaker with a high-frequency driver loaded on a waveguide in the range of combined radiation, allowing to achieve high uniformity of the horizontal directional pattern. With a horizontal offset from the radiation axis, there should be no subtraction effect in the range of the combined radiation (low-) or mid-range speaker with a high-frequency driver.

Second, the coherent addition of two or more adjacent high-frequency drivers loaded onto the waveguide in the entire radiation range up to the upper human-audible frequency of 20 kHz, making it possible to achieve high uniformity of the vertical directional pattern while simultaneously sounding several sources.

The technical result of the utility model is the elimination or reduction of at least one of the disadvantages of the known devices or at least the creation of a device alternative to the known devices, allowing, firstly, to obtain a coherent addition of a low- or mid-frequency speaker with a high-frequency driver loaded on a waveguide in the range of joint radiation, allowing to achieve high indicators of the uniformity of the horizontal radiation pattern. With a horizontal offset from the radiation axis, the device has no subtraction effect in the combined emission range of a (low-) mid-range speaker with a high-frequency driver. Secondly, the coherent addition of two or more adjacent high-frequency drivers, loaded onto the waveguide, in the entire radiation range up to the upper audible frequency of 20 kHz by a person, allowing to achieve unique indicators of the uniformity of the vertical directional pattern while simultaneously sounding several sources.

The proposed technical solution, depending on the requirements for use, can be formed by the necessary radiation pattern in the horizontal and vertical planes. For example, 70 ° x5 °, 90 ° x10 °, 110 ° x20 °, etc.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is achieved due to the technical design of the combined coaxial speaker, the claimed device includes the following coaxially located elements:

- woofer and / or mid-range speaker in the center;

- high-frequency driver on the back of the speaker;

- the waveguide of the high-frequency driver on the front side of the speaker.

The main difference between the proposed technical solution from the prototype is the distance between the high-frequency waveguides of adjacent coaxial speakers. This distance is more than 80 mm, respectively, the upper coherently reproduced frequency will not exactly exceed 4250 Hz, which is unacceptable even for a speaker with the declared upper reproducible frequency of 10,000 Hz (for musical material, it is necessary to ensure the reproduction of the upper frequency of 16,000 Hz or higher).

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by the following figures.

FIG. 1 shows the formation of a vertical radiation pattern.

FIG. 2 shows the formation of the directional diagram of the high-frequency spectrum in the horizontal plane.

FIG. 3 shows the formation of a horizontal radiation pattern.

FIG. 4 shows the coherent addition of high frequency drivers into an array.

The numbers in the figures indicate:

1 - magnetic system,

2 - hole (for the passage of high frequencies),

3 - driver,

4 - waveguide,

5 - diffuser,

6 - compression chamber,

7 - the inner part of the waveguide,

8 - the outer part of the waveguide,

9 - speaker,

10 - the axis of the cylinder,

11 - geometric shape of the wave front,

12 - closely spaced waveguides.

The device consists of a coaxially positioned woofer and / or midrange speaker (9) in the center, a tweeter at the rear of the speaker, and a tweeter waveguide at the front of the speaker.

The speaker (9) uses a traditional low-frequency or mid-range speaker, in the magnetic system (1) of which there is a hole (2) for the passage of high frequencies emitted by the driver (3), the hole goes into the waveguide (4), which, located in front of the diffuser (5) of the speaker , creates a compression chamber for the speaker (6), while increasing the sound pressure, but without negatively affecting the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics, since the transverse dimensions of the compression chamber do not exceed a quarter of the wavelength of the upper frequency emitted by the speaker. Due to the presence of a waveguide, there is no dust cap on the speaker cone.

The driver (3), which is a traditional high frequency driver, emits sound into a hole in the back of the speaker magnet system (1). On the front side of the magnetic system of the speaker, the hole passes into a waveguide, at the exit from which a cylindrical front of a sound wave is formed, while the axis of the cylinder can be either a straight segment or a curved arc (10) of a certain curvature, for example, 5 °, 10 ° , 20 °, etc., and of such a length that it allows the spatial arrangement of adjacent combining coaxial speakers at a distance without affecting the coherence of the high frequency combining.

Throughout the entire length, the channel through which the high-frequency driver (3) emits, including the hole in the magnetic system of the speaker and the waveguide, has a cross-sectional area constantly increasing towards the mouth and is a horn.

The properties of the directional pattern of the high-frequency part of the combined coaxial speaker are determined by the parameters of the waveguide. The waveguide consists of an inner part (7) of a complex shape, which the sound wave flows around as it passes through the waveguide, and an outer part (8), which is a wall that limits the sound wave from the outside.

The formation of a vertical directional diagram (Fig. 1), which allows coherently adding (Fig. 4) high-frequency drivers loaded on the waveguide into an array, is due to the geometric shape of the waveguide, which ensures the timely arrival of the wave front to the mouth so that, while simultaneously sounding two and more combined coaxial speakers, the wave fronts are folded into a single front and are joined without the effect of interference due to closely (12) located waveguides: the size of the gap does not exceed the wavelength of the upper reproducible frequency of 20 kHz.

The bending of the wave front into an arc in the vertical plane, which makes it possible to fold the elements of the combined coaxial speaker at an angle to each other, is carried out by shortening the path from the driver to the central part of the waveguide mouth, which is achieved by changing the geometry of the waveguide.

The formation of a horizontal radiation pattern (Fig. 3) in the area of joint sounding of a high-frequency driver loaded on a waveguide and a low- and / or mid-frequency speaker is due to their coaxial arrangement and ensures their coherent addition.

The formation of the directional diagram of the high-frequency spectrum in the horizontal plane (Fig. 2) is determined by the geometric shape (11) of the wave front in the horizontal plane at the exit from the waveguide.

Thus, the claimed technical solution is a device for a combinable coaxial sound emitter intended for use in acoustic systems that are an element of a line array, a scalable point sound source, or in other systems where the emitters are combined into arrays.

Claims (7)

1. A combinable coaxial speaker, including a coaxially mounted speaker (9) in the center, a high-frequency driver (3) at the rear of the speaker (9), a waveguide (4) of a high-frequency driver at the front of the speaker (9), a driver (3) radiates sound into a hole in the back of the magnetic system (1), in the magnetic system (1) of the speaker there is a hole (2) for the passage of high frequencies emitted by the driver (3), the hole goes into the waveguide (4) located in front of the diffuser (5) of the speaker (9 ), which creates a compression chamber (6) for the speaker, a hole (2) is located in front of the magnetic system (1), passing into the waveguide (4), the axis of the cylinder (10), characterized in that the transverse dimensions of the compression chamber do not exceed a quarter of the wavelength of the upper the frequency emitted by the speaker, the distance between the high-frequency waveguides of adjacent coaxial speakers is more than 80 mm, high-frequency drivers loaded on the waveguide can coherently fold into an array due to the close (12) fired waveguides, while the size of the gap between which does not exceed the wavelength of the upper reproducible frequency of 20 kHz. 2. Combined coaxial speaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the speaker (9) in the center can be selected from a subwoofer or mid-range speaker. 3. A combinable coaxial speaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the driver (3) is a high-frequency driver and emits sound into a hole in the rear of the magnetic system of the speaker. 4. A combinable coaxial speaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the cylinder (10) is a straight line segment or a curved arc of a given curvature. 5. Combined coaxial speaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the angle of curvature is 5 °, 10 °, 20 °. 6. A combinable coaxial speaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis of the cylinder (10) is chosen such a length to allow the spatial arrangement of adjacent combined coaxial speakers at a distance that does not affect the coherence of the combination of high frequencies. 7. A combinable coaxial speaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveguide consists of an inner part (7) of a complex shape and an outer part (8), which is the boundary for the sound wave from the outside.

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