EP2180485B1 - Traversée haute tension - Google Patents
Traversée haute tension Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2180485B1 EP2180485B1 EP08460041A EP08460041A EP2180485B1 EP 2180485 B1 EP2180485 B1 EP 2180485B1 EP 08460041 A EP08460041 A EP 08460041A EP 08460041 A EP08460041 A EP 08460041A EP 2180485 B1 EP2180485 B1 EP 2180485B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- current
- collecting member
- bushing
- field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/26—Lead-in insulators; Lead-through insulators
- H01B17/28—Capacitor type
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a high-voltage bushing applicable in electric power engineering.
- a typical condenser bushing for medium- or high-voltage applications that is, from 24kV to 800kV and above, comprises a condenser core with a number of concentric electrically conducting field-grading layers of cylindrical shape arranged around the central conductor so as to form a capacitive divider uniformly distributing the voltage among the field-grading layers.
- the electric field generated by the high voltage is also uniformly distributed, both inside the condenser core in the radial direction, and outside, close to the outer surface of the bushing, along its axis.
- Field-grading layers of the condenser core are usually made of metal foil. Bushings using such field-grading layers are known, e.g. from the following patent descriptions: US 3875327 , US 4 362 897 , US 4 338 487 , US 4 387 266 , US 4 500 745 and GB 1 125 964 .
- Field-grading layers made of metal foil are characterized by very low surface resistivity, typically 1-3m ⁇ per square.
- the geometrical arrangement of the field-grading layers of such low resistivity in the condenser core constitutes a number of interconnected capacitance and inductance elements prone to resonant high-frequency oscillations of large quality factor. Such oscillations are triggered by electric impulses of high frequency and lead to local occurrence of high electric field in the condenser core, with a risk of insulation damage.
- Field-grading layers used in a bushing known from patent description WO2006/001724 are made on the basis of paper, fabric or nonwoven cloth and contain conducting particles suspended in it and forming a percolating network, electrically conducting in the layer plane.
- the particles can be e.g. carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, metallic microfibers.
- Such percolative structures are also characterized by electric resistivity higher then that of metals.
- the innermost field-grading layer of the condenser core of a bushing is electrically connected to the conductor of the bushing.
- the outermost, and/or one of the other outer field-grading layers are electrically connected to the ground potential. Connection to the ground potential goes typically via the metallic flange which serves to mechanically fix the bushing to the grounded equipment.
- At least one of the connections of the outer field-grading layers is arranged in a socket, so that it can be disconnected from the grounded flange and connected to a testing device to perform electrical tests on the bushing.
- the socket is short circuited by a conductive plug.
- the socket is known as test- or measurement tap (when connected to the outermost field-grading layer) or voltage- or potential tap (when connected one of the other outer field-grading layers).
- the connections of the inner- and the outer field-grading layers carry a relatively small capacitive current flowing through the electric capacitance of the condenser core.
- a pulse of substantially higher current is carried by the connection.
- the current is being distributed from the connection into the field-grading layer plane and the highest density of the surface current in the field-grading layer occurs close to the point at which the electrical connection is attached to the layer. For a circular connection point, the current density is equal to the total current divided by the circumference of the connection spot.
- a bushing with field-grading layers made of material of limited current carrying capacity, and, in the same time, with improved current withstand of the connection during a surge is known from a patent description GB 539 587 .
- the bushing comprises an additional surge-draining layer, to which the external connection is applied, made of a stout conducting material of a high current carrying capacity.
- the surge-draining layer is electrically connected to the outermost field-grading layer by one or more conductive connections.
- the capacitive current flows through the conductive connection.
- a part of the high frequency current takes the other path distributed over the whole or the major part of the surface of the field-grading layer and the impedance of that path is such that the substantial part of the high-frequency current takes this distributed path.
- the distributed path of the current is formed by the substantial capacitance between the field-grading layer and the surge-draining layer.
- the resistance of the surge-draining layer is very low, compared to the impedance related to that capacitance. Effectively, during the surge, the current path goes from the connection, along the surface of the surge-draining layer and farther, through the capacitance into the field-grading layer in the direction perpendicular to both layers.
- the problem to be solved is to provide an electric connection to a field grading layer of increased resistivity, made in such a way that a substantial part of the high-frequency surge current flows along the surface of that field-grading layer, thus giving the effect of damping the high-frequency oscillations but in the same time the surface current density in that layer is limited so that the layer is not damaged during the surge.
- the essence of the high-voltage bushing according to the invention comprising a condenser core and electrically conducting field-grading layers which are arranged coaxially around the central conductor and are embedded in the insulating material of the condenser core, while an electric connection is provided, by means of a current-collecting member, to at least one of the field-grading layers, and this layer is made in form of a thin metal layer deposited on an electrically insulating substrate layer or in form of a percolating network of conducting particles suspended in a layer of electrically insulating material is that the current-collecting member is located on the surface of the layer to which the electric connection is provided and covers a part of the area of that layer.
- the surface resistivity of the current-collecting member is many times smaller than the surface resistivity of the layer to which the electric connection is provided.
- the current-collecting member is shaped so that the length of the contour line of its circumference is greater than the length of the shorter side of the layer on the surface of which the current-collecting member is located.
- the length of the contour line of the circumference of the current-collecting member is selected so that during the impulse test required for the bushing, the root-mean-square average of the surface density of the current flowing across the surface of the layer on which the current-collecting member is located, close to the contour line of the circumference of the current-collecting member, is smaller than the root-mean-square average of the withstand current density for that layer exposed to a pulse of a shape and duration similar to the shape and duration of the current flowing through the electric connection which drains the current during the impulse test of the bushing.
- the layer on whose surface the current-collecting member is located has surface resistivity greater than 100m ⁇ per square.
- the current-collecting member has an elongated shape, and it is located on the surface of the field grading layer longitudinally with respect to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bushing.
- the current collecting member is positioned close to the symmetry axis of the field-grading layer.
- the current-collecting member has an elongated shape, and it is located on the surface of the field grading layer perpendicularly with respect to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bushing.
- the current-collecting member has a shape similar to a geometric figure consisting of many elongated conducting elements located parallel to one another and connected crosswise by means of another elongated conducting element.
- the current collecting member is made of metal foil.
- the current collecting member is made of a braid or a woven or unwoven fabric containing metal wires, fibers or metal foil strips.
- the current collecting member is electrically connected with the field grading layer using electrically conducting adhesive or electrically conductive paint.
- a high-voltage instrument transformer comprising a bushing according to the invention.
- the bushing according to the invention is highly resistant to high-frequency voltage oscillations or impulses since the high frequency oscillations are damped by the electric resistance of the field-grading layer to which the connection is provided.
- the current density in the field grading layer is limited so that the bushing is not prone to failures due to a pulse of high current occurring during surge condition.
- fig. 1 shows schematically the longitudinal section of the high-voltage bushing
- fig. 2 the same bushing in cross-section along the line A-A
- fig. 3 the unwound outer field-grading layer together with the current-collecting member in the first embodiment of the invention
- fig. 4 the unwound outer field-grading layer together with the current-collecting member in the second embodiment of the invention
- fig. 5a the unwound outer field-grading layer together with the current-collecting member in the third embodiment of the invention
- fig. 5b the field-grading layer of fig. 5a with the relevant surface areas indicated
- the high-voltage bushing comprises a condenser core 1 which is arranged around a central cylindrical conductor 2.
- the condenser core 1 is placed inside a standard insulating casing intended for high-voltage bushings, which is not shown in the drawing.
- the condenser core 1 is comprised of many field-grading layers 3 which are placed cylindrically, coaxially around the central cylindrical conductor 2 and are embedded in insulating material 4 of the condenser core 1.
- an external electric connection 6 which connects the layer 3a with an external conducting flange 7 by means of which the bushing is fixed to the earthed wall of the electric equipment, not shown in the drawing.
- the electric connection 6 can be also connected to one of the other layers 3, typically layers located nearer the flange 7, which is not shown in the drawing.
- the connection 6 can also be connected to the layer 3 located closest to the central conductor 2, and the connection 6 is then connected to the central conductor 2, which is not shown in the drawing either.
- connection 6 connected to one of the layers 3 located nearer the flange 7 or to the outer layer 3a can be also connected to a test- or voltage tap in form of the contact of a socket located in the flange 7, which is not shown in the drawing.
- a socket located in the flange 7, which is not shown in the drawing.
- Such socket makes it possible to connect measuring instruments to the appropriate layer 3 or 3a, or, by short-circuiting the socket contact with the flange 7, allows the earthing of the given layer 3 or 3a.
- the field-grading layer 3a of the exemplary embodiment of the invention is made of paper filled with a percolating network of metallic fibres and its surface resistance is 10 ⁇ - 20 ⁇ per square.
- the field-grading layer 3a is made as a metallic film applied on an electrically insulating substrate layer made of insulating paper and its surface resistance is 5 ⁇ - 15 ⁇ per square.
- the current-collecting member 5 is placed on the outermost layer 3a and is in electric contact with it over the whole area of the current-collecting member 5.
- the current-collecting member 5 has a shape similar to a rectangle with rounded corners and in the first embodiment of the invention it is located on the layer 3a in such way that the longer sides of the rectangle are located parallel to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bushing , marked by an arrow 8 in the drawing.
- the current-collecting member 5 is located near the axis of symmetry of the layer 3a.
- the current-collecting member 5 is made as a flat braid consisting of copper wires, whose surface resistance is at least 1000 times less than the surface resistance of the field-grading layer 3a.
- the contour line of the circumference "L" of the current-collecting member 5 is a line, substantially perpendicularly to which the current flow distribution takes place in plane of the layer 3a from the member 5 to the layer 3a.
- the current is supplied to the current-collecting member 5 through the connection 6.
- the length of the contour line of the circumference "L” is approximately twice longer than the length of the shorter side of the layer 3a.
- the current-collecting member 5 which is located on the outermost layer 3a, has a shape similar to a rectangle with rounded corners and it is located on the layer 3a in such way that the longer sides of the rectangle are located perpendicularly to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bushing, marked by a bi-directional arrow 8 in the drawing.
- the current-collecting member 5 is made as a flat braid, consisting of copper wires, whose surface resistance is at least 1000 times less than the surface resistance of the field-grading layer 3a.
- the contour line of the circumference "L" of the current-collecting member is a line, substantially perpendicularly to which the current flow distribution takes place in plane of the layer 3a from the current-collecting member 5 to the layer 3a.
- the current is supplied to the member 5 through the connection 6.
- the length of the contour line of the circumference "L” is approximately 4 times longer than the length of the shorter side of the layer 3a.
- the current-collecting member 5, which is located on the outermost layer 3a has a shape similar to a geometric figure comprised of many elongated, preferably rectangular conducting elements 9 with rounded corners, located parallel to one another and interconnected crosswise by means of another rectangular conducting element 10 with rounded corners, whose longer sides are located perpendicularly to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bushing, marked with a bi-directional arrow 8 in the drawing.
- the conducting elements 9 and 10 are made as a flat braid of copper wires, whose surface resistance is at least 1000 times less than the surface resistance of the field-grading layer 3a.
- the contour line of the circumference "L" of the current-collecting electrode is a line, substantially perpendicularly to which the current flow distribution takes place in plane of the layer 3a from the current-collecting member 5 to the layer 3a.
- Current is supplied to the conducting element 10 of the current-collecting member 5 through the connection 6.
- the length of the contour line of the circumference "L” is approximately 10 times longer than the length of the shorter side of the layer 3a.
- the length of the contour line "L" of the circumference of the current-collecting member 5 is so selected that during the impulse test required for the bushing, the root-mean-square average of the surface density of the current flowing across the surface of the layer 3a near the contour line "L" is smaller than the root-mean-square average of the withstand current density for the layer 3a exposed to a pulse of a form and duration similar to the form and duration of current flowing through the connection 6 during the impulse test of the bushing.
- the bushing undergoes a chopped lightning impulse test.
- An exemplary waveform of the surge current I CLI flowing through the connection 6 during such test is shown in fig. 6 .
- the surge current I CLI runs through the connection 6 to the current-collecting member 5. From there, a part I CC of the surge current I CLI , flows to the layer 3a in the direction perpendicular to its surface and farther, capacitively to the other field-grading layers 3.
- the other part of the surge current, I NC . flows into the part of layer 3a not covered by the current-collecting member 5 in the direction parallel to its surface and substantially perpendicular to the contour line "L" ( fig.3 ) of the circumference of the current-collecting member 5. This part of the surge current flows farther from the layer 3a capacitively to the successive field-grading layers 3 as well.
- the capacitive impedance is the main part of the high-frequency impedance of the circuit
- the ratio of the values of the currents I CC and I NC corresponds to the ratio of the respective capacitances, which in turn are proportional to the surface area Scc of the current-collecting member 5 and the surface area S NC of the layer 3a not covered by the current-collecting member 5, respectively, with the exception of the surface area of the zone 11 on which fragments of the wound layer 3a overlap.
- the length L is selected so that the root-mean-square average current density ⁇ L does not exceed the average withstand current density for the material of which the layer 3a embedded in insulating material used in the bushing is made.
- the root-mean-square average withstand current density for the material of the layer 3a is defined for a pulse of a form similar to the form of the pulse I CLI , or the form of its envelope indicated by a dashed line, both indicated in fig. 6 and of duration identical with or longer than the duration of the pulse I CLI .
- the material of the layer 3a is not damaged during the applied impulse test.
- a large part I NC of surge current I CLI flows across the surface of the layer 3a and the electric resistance of this surface contributes to the attenuation of the high-frequency oscillations.
- the above described division of the surge current I CLI into the currents I CC and I NC applies to a case where the connection 6 is provided to the outer field-grading layer 3a.
- the division of the surge current takes place according to the relation between other corresponding surfaces.
- the division of currents takes place in proportion to the corresponding surface areas of the next, neighbouring it on the outside, field-grading layer.
- the current-collecting member 5 or its elements 9 and 10 can be alternatively made of metallic foil which is located on the surface of the layer 3a.
- the current-collecting member 5 or its elements 9 and 10 can be alternatively made as a braid, or a woven or unwoven fabric containing metal wires, fibres or metal foil strips.
- the current-collecting member 5 can be alternatively electrically connected with the field-grading layer 3a by means of a layer of conductive adhesive and/or paint, which is not shown in the drawing.
- the bushing according to the invention is an element of a high-voltage instrument transformer.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Traversée haute tension comprenant un corps isolateur (1) et les feuilles conductrices formant le champ (3) qui sont disposés coaxialement autour du conducteur central (2) et sont immergés dans un matériau isolant (4) du noyau condensateur (1), tandis que une connexion électrique (6) est prévue pour au moins une feuille (3a) des feuilles formant le champ au moyen d'un élément collecteur de courant électrique (5), alors que la feuille (3a) est faite sous forme d'une fine couche métallique déposée sur une couche de base d'un matériau électriquement isolant ou sous forme d'un réseau de percolation des particules conductrices intégrées dans une couche de matériau électriquement isolant, caractérisé en ce que l'élément collecteur de courant électrique (5) est situé sur la surface de la feuille (3 bis ), il couvre une partie de la surface de la feuille (3a), il possède une résistivité de surface plusieurs fois inférieure à la résistivité de surface de la feuille (3a) et est configuré de telle manière que la longueur de la ligne de contour de sa circonférence (L) est supérieure à la longueur du côté le plus court de la feuille (3a).
- Traversée haute tension selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la longueur de la ligne de contour de la circonférence (L) d'élément collecteur de courant (5) est choisie de tel manière que, pendant l'essai d'impulsion requise pour la traversée, l'écart type de la densité de surface efficace de courant le long de la surface de la feuille (3a) près de la ligne de contour (L) est inférieure à l'écart type de la densité de courant efficace supporté par la feuille (3a) soumise à une impulsion de forme et de la durée similaire à la forme et la durée de courant circulant dans la connexion (6) lors de l'essai d'impulsion de la traversée.
- Traversée haute tension selon les revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la feuille (3a), possède une résistivité de surface de plus de 100 mΩ par mètre carré.
- Traversée haute tension selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément collecteur de courant (5) a une forme allongée, et sur la surface de la feuille (3a) il est situé longitudinalement, dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal de la traversée.
- Traversée haute tension selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'élément collecteur de courant (5) est située près de l'axe de symétrie de la feuille formant le champ (3a).
- Traversée haute tension selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément collecteur de courant (5) a une forme allongée, et sur la surface de la feuille (3a) il est situé perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la traversée.
- Traversée haute tension selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément collecteur de courant (5), a une forme semblable à une figure géométrique, composé de nombreux éléments conducteurs (9) allongés, disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres et reliés latéralement avec un autre élément conducteur allongé (10).
- Traversée haute tension selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que une partie du collecteur de courant (5) est faite en feuille de métal.
- Traversée haute tension selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que une partie du collecteur de courant (5) est en tresse, tissu ou non-tissé et comporte des fils métalliques, des bandes de film ou de la fibre.
- Traversée haute tension selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément collecteur de courant (5) est reliée électriquement à la feuille formant le champ (3a) avec une colle conductrice ou une peinture conductrice.
- Transformateur haute tension, caractérisé en ce que il comprend une traversée haute tension selon l'invention.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT08460041T ATE509353T1 (de) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Hochspannungsdurchführung |
EP08460041A EP2180485B1 (fr) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Traversée haute tension |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08460041A EP2180485B1 (fr) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Traversée haute tension |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2180485A1 EP2180485A1 (fr) | 2010-04-28 |
EP2180485B1 true EP2180485B1 (fr) | 2011-05-11 |
Family
ID=40336549
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08460041A Active EP2180485B1 (fr) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | Traversée haute tension |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2180485B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE509353T1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103534766A (zh) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-01-22 | Abb研究有限公司 | 改进的套管箔设计 |
CN106463217A (zh) * | 2014-04-14 | 2017-02-22 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | 制造高电压构件的高电压绝缘间隔件的方法和包括根据该方法制造的间隔件的高电压构件 |
RU2640315C1 (ru) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-12-27 | Владимир Ильич Крючков | Регулируемый емкостной датчик наличия высокого напряжения |
CN113016041A (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-06-22 | Abb电网瑞士股份公司 | 用于电力系统的套管 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103563013B (zh) * | 2011-05-27 | 2016-01-20 | Abb技术有限公司 | 用于高压设备的电气部件 |
DE102012104137A1 (de) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-14 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Feldgesteuerter Verbundisolator |
EP2911255A1 (fr) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-26 | ABB Technology Ltd | Dispositif de traversée haute tension et son procédé de fabrication |
CN113131432B (zh) * | 2020-01-14 | 2023-03-14 | 香港浩岳国际有限公司 | 防爆的插拔式电容型电缆户外终端及制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
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GB539587A (en) | 1940-03-15 | 1941-09-17 | Reyrolle A & Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electric insulators including stress-grading condenser layers |
GB1125964A (en) | 1964-09-02 | 1968-09-05 | Bushing Company Ltd | Improvements relating to high-voltage resin-bonded laminated electrical insulation |
US3875327A (en) | 1974-06-06 | 1975-04-01 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrical bushing having a spiral tap assembly |
DE3001810A1 (de) | 1980-01-18 | 1981-07-23 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Folienisolierte hochspannungsdurchfuehrung mit potentialsteuereinlagen |
DE3001779C2 (de) | 1980-01-18 | 1987-01-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Hochspannungsdurchführung mit Lagen aus geprägten Isolierfolien |
JPS6010253Y2 (ja) | 1980-03-07 | 1985-04-09 | 日本碍子株式会社 | コンデンサ・ブツシング |
US4500745A (en) | 1983-03-03 | 1985-02-19 | Interpace Corporation | Hybrid electrical insulator bushing |
JPH01283716A (ja) | 1988-05-10 | 1989-11-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | モールド・ブツシング |
PL206279B1 (pl) | 2004-06-29 | 2010-07-30 | Abb Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnościąabb Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Pojemnościowy korpus izolacyjny wysokonapięciowego przepustu |
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2008
- 2008-10-27 AT AT08460041T patent/ATE509353T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-10-27 EP EP08460041A patent/EP2180485B1/fr active Active
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103534766A (zh) * | 2011-06-28 | 2014-01-22 | Abb研究有限公司 | 改进的套管箔设计 |
CN103534766B (zh) * | 2011-06-28 | 2016-01-27 | Abb研究有限公司 | 改进的套管箔设计 |
CN106463217A (zh) * | 2014-04-14 | 2017-02-22 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | 制造高电压构件的高电压绝缘间隔件的方法和包括根据该方法制造的间隔件的高电压构件 |
RU2640315C1 (ru) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-12-27 | Владимир Ильич Крючков | Регулируемый емкостной датчик наличия высокого напряжения |
CN113016041A (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-06-22 | Abb电网瑞士股份公司 | 用于电力系统的套管 |
CN113016041B (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 日立能源瑞士股份公司 | 用于电力系统的套管 |
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