EP2177670B1 - Superstructure for a movable work device - Google Patents

Superstructure for a movable work device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2177670B1
EP2177670B1 EP09012099.9A EP09012099A EP2177670B1 EP 2177670 B1 EP2177670 B1 EP 2177670B1 EP 09012099 A EP09012099 A EP 09012099A EP 2177670 B1 EP2177670 B1 EP 2177670B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working machine
machine according
advantageously
screw
bolt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09012099.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2177670A1 (en
Inventor
Dirk Asam
Robert Föhr
Roland Wachter
Bernd Wager
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Hydraulikbagger GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Hydraulikbagger GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Liebherr Hydraulikbagger GmbH filed Critical Liebherr Hydraulikbagger GmbH
Priority to EP12008385.2A priority Critical patent/EP2573280A3/en
Publication of EP2177670A1 publication Critical patent/EP2177670A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2177670B1 publication Critical patent/EP2177670B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0808—Improving mounting or assembling, e.g. frame elements, disposition of all the components on the superstructures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/006—Pivot joint assemblies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32861—T-pivot, e.g., wrist pin, etc.
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7047—Radially interposed shim or bushing
    • Y10T403/7051—Wedging or camming
    • Y10T403/7052—Engaged by axial movement
    • Y10T403/7056—Threaded actuator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a movable implement, in particular an excavator, with an undercarriage, on which the landing gear is arranged, and an upper carriage rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation.
  • the superstructure such movable implements usually carries the drive unit, z.
  • a power pack of engine and hydraulic pumps and a stem or boom, which is hinged about a horizontal pivot axis pivotally mounted on the uppercarriage.
  • the uppercarriage usually has a welded construction, which about a turntable is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage and which carries the stem or boom, the drive unit and the ballast. Due to the large dimensions of the superstructure used z. As in large hydraulic excavators arise increasingly problems with respect to the handling of the load-bearing welded construction of the superstructure during manufacture and during transport.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a movable working device available, which is easier to handle in terms of production and transport.
  • a movable working device in particular an excavator, in this case has an undercarriage, on which the landing gear is arranged, and a superstructure rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation.
  • the supporting steel structure of the upper carriage is constructed of at least a first and a second element, which are connected to each other via bolts and / or screws.
  • the load-bearing steel construction of the superstructure can thus be manufactured in two parts, each of which is considerably easier to handle than the overall construction. These two parts, which are each designed as a welded construction, are then connected to each other via bolts and / or screws.
  • the dimensions of the necessary for the production of the supporting steel structure of the superstructure welded structures can be kept in a still easy to handle frame.
  • a turntable for rotatable articulation of the upper carriage on the undercarriage and / or connecting areas for connection to a handle, boom or working tool are arranged on the first element.
  • the first element of the supporting steel structure of the superstructure thus serves the rotatable connection of the upper carriage with the undercarriage and / or the articulation of a stem, jib or working tool.
  • the first one Element of the supporting steel structure for this purpose, a bottom plate on which the turntable is arranged, as well as side cheeks for articulation of the stem, jib or working tool on.
  • the side cheeks are usually perpendicular to the bottom plate and parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the upper carriage.
  • second element carries the ballast and / or the drive unit, in particular the power pack of the implement.
  • the second element of the supporting steel structure is accordingly usually arranged on the rear side of the superstructure and carries there arranged elements of the movable working device.
  • the second element also advantageously comprises a bottom construction and two side cheeks which extend in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure.
  • connecting regions for connecting the first and second elements are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element.
  • bolt receivers for bolting the first and second elements are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element.
  • screw connections for screwing the first and the second element are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element.
  • connection of the first and the second element in this case comprises at least one, advantageously two bolt connections whose Verbolzungsachse runs horizontally.
  • the two bolt connections have a common bolting axis.
  • the horizontally extending bolt connections can transmit large forces, in particular large tensile forces, between the two elements.
  • the bolt connections are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element.
  • the second element is supported in at least one stop region on the first element.
  • pressure forces can be easily transferred from one steel structure to the other.
  • the pressure forces which occur due to the ballast arranged on the second element can be forwarded to the first element in the abutment region.
  • the stop area is arranged below the Verbolzungsachse and absorbs forces acting in a plane perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse on.
  • connection of the first and the second element further comprises at least one, advantageously two screw connections, which are advantageously arranged in the stop area.
  • the screw so secure the connection of the first with the second element against movement of the second element to the Verbolzungsachse.
  • the Verschraubungsachsen run in planes which are perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse, wherein the Verschraubungsachsen advantageously extend horizontally. This results in an optimal securing effect by the screws, which are thereby charged only to train or thrust.
  • the screw connections are arranged in the bottom region of the first and the second element.
  • connection of the first to the second element comprises at least one, advantageously two bolt connections, which have as a bolt an expansion sleeve with a conical inner diameter and a plunger with a conical outer diameter.
  • a backlash-free bolt connection is ensured, so that any screw used only be charged along the screw axis.
  • the plunger is thereby pressed into the expansion sleeve, so that the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve increases and this braced against the bolt receptacles on the first and second element.
  • the expansion sleeve has a cylindrical outer diameter and is advantageously slotted in the longitudinal direction.
  • the plunger is pressed via a press-in screw in the expansion sleeve.
  • This allows a secure pressing of the plunger, including e.g. a hydraulic drive can be used.
  • the press-in screw is screwed into a holder which is screwed to a bolt-receiving bearing welded construction.
  • the bolt receptacle is advantageously arranged on a side cheek of the first or the second element. On this side cheek then a bracket is screwed, which carries the thread for screwing the press-in screw.
  • the press-in screw has a diameter which is more than half, advantageously more than three quarters of the diameter of the bolt. On the one hand, this ensures a large-area pressure between the press-in screw and the plunger.
  • the lever arm between the thread for the press-in screw and the attachment of the bracket to the weldment is kept short, so that the bending moments in the bracket remain low.
  • the diameter of the press-in screw is at least approximately as large as the outer diameter of the bolt.
  • the plunger has on its front side a connecting element for connection to a tension element, in particular a thread for screwing a peel-off screw.
  • a tension element in particular a thread for screwing a peel-off screw.
  • a washer is provided for this purpose, on which the peel screw is supported, wherein the washer is advantageously supported on the holder, in which the press-in screw can be screwed.
  • the screw puller screwed into the thread on the front side of the plunger, it is supported with its head on the washer, so that the plunger from the expansion sleeve is removable.
  • the present invention also encompasses corresponding methods for mounting or dismounting the first element on the second element or for producing or loosening the corresponding bolt connections.
  • the present invention further comprises a set of a bolt, a press-in screw, a holder and advantageously a washer as described above.
  • the bolt in this case has an expansion sleeve with a conical inner diameter and a plunger with a conical outer diameter, wherein the plunger can be pressed into the expansion bush via the press-in screw.
  • the set comprises a corresponding pull-off screw for removing the piston.
  • the present invention further includes a steel construction of a superstructure of a traveling work implement as described above.
  • the load-bearing steel construction of the superstructure has at least one first element and at least one second element, which are connected to one another via bolts and / or screws.
  • the two elements are each designed as a welded construction. Further properties of the supporting steel structure are shown above with respect to the movable working device.
  • the handling is considerably simplified both during construction and during transport, since the two elements can be manufactured separately as a welded construction and only then be joined together as finished parts via bolts and / or screws.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a movable working device is shown in which the two-part steel construction of the upper carriage according to the invention is used.
  • the movable working device is a hydraulic excavator with an undercarriage 1, on which a chassis 2 is arranged, which comprises two frosted axles.
  • a chassis 2 On the undercarriage 1, a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation 30 superstructure 3 is arranged, for which a slewing ring 4 is provided between the undercarriage and uppercarriage.
  • the uppercarriage 3 comprises a drive unit 7, in this case a power pack comprising a motor and hydraulic pumps for driving the hydraulic consumers, in particular the hydraulic cylinders of the excavator handle 5 and the chassis drives.
  • a ballast 8 is provided on the superstructure.
  • an excavator handle 5 is further articulated in a front articulation area 9.
  • the handle 5 is pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis pivoted on the upper carriage and carries the working tool, in this case, an excavator bucket.
  • the uppercarriage 3 also carries the driver's cab 6, which is arranged next to the articulation area 9 for the shaft 5.
  • the supporting steel structure 10 comprises a first element 11 and a second element 12, which are each designed as a welded construction and connected to each other via bolts 13 and screws 16.
  • the first element 11 of the turntable 4 is arranged for rotatable articulation of the upper carriage 3 on the undercarriage 1. Furthermore, the first element 11 on the articulation areas 21 and 22 for connection to the stem 5.
  • the first element of a bottom plate 19, on which the turntable 4 is arranged, and side cheeks 20 is constructed. On the side cheeks 20, which are perpendicular to the bottom plate 19 and extend along the longitudinal axis of the upper carriage, while the articulation 21 for articulation of a Stem member 22 and provided for the articulation of hydraulic cylinders for moving the stem.
  • the first element 11 carries the driver's cab 6.
  • the second, rearwardly disposed element 12 of the supporting steel construction carries the ballast and the power pack of the implement.
  • the second element 12 also has a bottom construction 23 and two side cheeks 24.
  • connecting areas 25 are provided on the side cheeks 24 at the rear, on which the ballast is placed.
  • the side cheeks 24 also extend in the longitudinal direction of the upper carriage, wherein they are aligned in the mounted position of the first and the second element with the side cheeks of the first element.
  • the common Verbolzungsachse runs horizontally.
  • bolt receivers 14 are provided on the side cheeks 20 of the first element 14 and on the side cheeks 24 of the second member 12 bolt receptacles 15 which are bolted together via bolts 13.
  • the bolts thus fix the second element along a common Verbolzungsachse against the first element.
  • the bolt connections are designed detachable.
  • the first and the second element z. B. to transport the excavator to be dismantled.
  • the bolts 13 are thereby mounted from the inside, as the left side of the side walls of the oil tank and right side of the side cheeks of the fuel tank is mounted.
  • stop areas 17 and 18 are provided on the first and on the second element, in which the second element is supported on the first element.
  • the static forces acting perpendicular to the bolting axis are recorded.
  • the static moments exerted by the dead weight of the second element 12, the ballast and the power pack are introduced into the first element 11 via the abutment regions 17 and 18 perpendicular to the bolt axis acting as the axis of rotation.
  • the bolt connections are essentially on train, the stop areas essentially loaded on pressure.
  • the stop areas are arranged for this purpose below the Verbolzungsachse in the bottom region of the side walls.
  • screws 16 are provided, which connect the first and the second element.
  • the glands are arranged in the stop areas 17 and 18 on the first and on the second element.
  • the Verschraubungsachsen lie in each case in planes which are perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse. As in FIG. 3 becomes clear, the Verschraubungsachsen run substantially horizontally in the bottom region of the first and the second element.
  • the screw connections are arranged in the bottom region of the side cheeks 20 and 24 on the first and on the second element.
  • the glands serve to secure the first and second element against movement about the Verbolzungsachse.
  • the balance of power on the superstructure are in particular from FIG. 6 can be seen:
  • the first element 10 is arranged on the turntable 4 on its bottom plate about the vertical axis of rotation 30 rotatably mounted on the undercarriage. All forces from the superstructure are transferred to the undercarriage via the turntable of the first element.
  • 21 and 22 of the excavator handle is articulated on the first element via the articulation areas.
  • the second element carries the power pack, not shown, and the ballast 26, which is fastened in the rear connection region 25 by means of screws on the second element.
  • the center of gravity of the ballast is shown at 27, the center of gravity of the power pack, not shown with 28.
  • the screws 16 are further provided, which prevent movement of the second element in a plane perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse 13.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 an embodiment of a correspondingly designed bolt connection according to the invention is shown.
  • the material used for the bolt is 42 CRM04 and a bolt diameter of 140 mm.
  • the bolt is constructed in two parts and consists of a Sp Schwarzbuchse 32 with conical inner diameter and a plunger 31 with conical outer diameter.
  • the expansion sleeve has a cylindrical outer diameter and is slotted in the longitudinal direction to improve their function.
  • the expansion sleeve 32 in this case has a collar 41, via which it rests on the side surface of the bolt receptacle.
  • the bearing surface between the collar 41 and bolt receptacle is dimensioned so that the force which acts on the expansion bushing during pressing in, is transferred in compliance with the permissible surface pressure.
  • doubling 45 are provided on the side cheeks 20 in the area of the bolt receptacles. These are welded to the sheets of the side cheeks 20.
  • the plunger 31 For pressing of bolt and bolt receiving the plunger 31 is pressed via a press-in screw 33 in the expansion sleeve 32.
  • the press-in screw 33 is screwed into a holder 34, which is screwed to the side wall 20 of the first element.
  • a locking nut 37 is provided, via which the press-in screw is held in position.
  • the press-in screw (M120) is approximately as large as the outer diameter of the bolt connection with 140 mm. As a result, the surface pressure is kept small at the end face of the plunger 31 and on the press-in screw. Second, this results in a short lever arm between the thread 35 of the holder and its connection to the side wall 20, so that the bending moment in the holder remains low.
  • the holder 34 is designed as a disk, in which the thread 35 is arranged centrally for screwing the press-fit screw 33 and which is screwed to the side cheek 20 via a plurality of screws 36, which are arranged in a circle around the thread 35.
  • the ten screws 36 for connecting the holder 34 with the side wall 20 form a circle of holes with a diameter of 235 mm.
  • the press-in screw 33 is first unscrewed from the holder 34 to release the bolt connection, so that the end face of the expansion piston is accessible.
  • the expansion piston 31 has a thread 37 on its end face, into which a peel-off screw 42 can be screwed.
  • the peel-off screw (in the exemplary embodiment M64) has a smaller diameter than the press-in screw and can thus be screwed through the holder 34 into the thread 37.
  • a washer 43 is used, via which the head of the peel-off screw 42 rests on the holder 34.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein verfahrbares Arbeitsgerät, insbesondere einen Bagger, mit einem Unterwagen, an welchem das Fahrwerk angeordnet ist, und einem auf dem Unterwagen um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbar angeordnetem Oberwagen.The present invention relates to a movable implement, in particular an excavator, with an undercarriage, on which the landing gear is arranged, and an upper carriage rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation.

Aus der DE 10 2004 032 868 A1 ist bereits ein Bagger bzw. eine Maschine zum Materialumschlag bekannt, die einerseits einen Unterwagen mit entsprechendem Fahrwerk und einen auf dem Unterwagen um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbar angeordneten Oberwagen aufweisen.From the DE 10 2004 032 868 A1 already an excavator or a machine for material handling is known, on the one hand have an undercarriage with a corresponding chassis and a rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation superstructure.

Der Oberwagen solcher verfahrbarer Arbeitsgeräte trägt dabei üblicherweise die Antriebseinheit, z. B. ein Powerpack aus Motor und Hydraulikpumpen, sowie einen Stiel oder Ausleger, welcher um eine horizontale Verschwenkachse verschwenkbar am Oberwagen angelenkt ist. Zur Aufnahme der dabei zu übertragenden Kräfte weist der Oberwagen dabei üblicherweise eine Schweißkonstruktion auf, welche über einen Drehkranz drehbar auf dem Unterwagen angeordnet ist und welche den Stiel bzw. Ausleger, die Antriebseinheit und den Ballast trägt. Aufgrund der großen Dimensionen der eingesetzten Oberwagen z. B. bei großen Hydraulikbaggern ergeben sich dabei zunehmend Probleme bezüglich des Handlings der tragenden Schweißkonstruktion des Oberwagens bei der Fertigung und beim Transport.The superstructure such movable implements usually carries the drive unit, z. As a power pack of engine and hydraulic pumps, and a stem or boom, which is hinged about a horizontal pivot axis pivotally mounted on the uppercarriage. To accommodate the forces to be transmitted while the uppercarriage usually has a welded construction, which about a turntable is rotatably mounted on the undercarriage and which carries the stem or boom, the drive unit and the ballast. Due to the large dimensions of the superstructure used z. As in large hydraulic excavators arise increasingly problems with respect to the handling of the load-bearing welded construction of the superstructure during manufacture and during transport.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein verfahrbares Arbeitsgerät zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches bezüglich Herstellung und Transport leichter zu handhaben ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a movable working device available, which is easier to handle in terms of production and transport.

Diese Aufgabe wird von einem verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerät gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Ein solches verfahrbares Arbeitsgerät, insbesondere ein Bagger, weist dabei einen Unterwagen, an welchem das Fahrwerk angeordnet ist, und einen auf dem Unterwagen um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbar angeordneten Oberwagen auf. Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass die tragende Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens aus mindestens einem ersten und einem zweiten Element aufgebaut ist, welche über Bolzen und/oder Schrauben miteinander verbunden sind. Die tragende Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens kann hierdurch in zwei Teilen gefertigt werden, welche jeweils erheblich leichter zu handhaben sind als die Gesamtkonstruktion. Diese beiden Teile, welche jeweils als Schweißkonstruktion ausgeführt sind, werden dann über Bolzen und/oder Schrauben miteinander verbunden. Hierdurch können die Ausmaße der zur Fertigung der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens notwenigen Schweißkonstruktionen in einem noch gut zu handhabenden Rahmen gehalten werden.This object is achieved by a movable working device according to claim 1. Such a movable working device, in particular an excavator, in this case has an undercarriage, on which the landing gear is arranged, and a superstructure rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation. According to the invention it is now provided that the supporting steel structure of the upper carriage is constructed of at least a first and a second element, which are connected to each other via bolts and / or screws. The load-bearing steel construction of the superstructure can thus be manufactured in two parts, each of which is considerably easier to handle than the overall construction. These two parts, which are each designed as a welded construction, are then connected to each other via bolts and / or screws. As a result, the dimensions of the necessary for the production of the supporting steel structure of the superstructure welded structures can be kept in a still easy to handle frame.

Durch die mindestens zweiteilige Konstruktion der erfindungsgemäßen tragenden Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens ergeben neben den Vorteilen bezüglich der Herstellung auch solche bezüglich des Transportes des verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerätes, da die Verbindung der beiden Elemente durch Bolzen und/oder Schrauben zur Demontage des Arbeitsgerätes auch wieder gelöst werden kann.Due to the at least two-part construction of the supporting steel structure according to the invention of the superstructure in addition to the advantages in terms of production and those relating to the transport of the movable implement, since the connection of the two elements by bolts and / or screws for disassembly of the implement can also be solved again.

Vorteilhafterweise sind dabei am ersten Element ein Drehkranz zur drehbaren Anlenkung des Oberwagens am Unterwagen und/oder Verbindungsbereiche zur Verbindung mit einem Stiel, Ausleger oder Arbeitswerkzeug angeordnet. Das erste Element der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens dient demgemäß der drehbaren Verbindung des Oberwagens mit dem Unterwagen und/oder der Anlenkung eines Stiels, Auslegers oder Arbeitswerkzeuges. Üblicherweise weist das erste Element der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion hierfür eine Bodenplatte, an welcher der Drehkranz angeordnet ist, sowie Seitenwangen zur Anlenkung des Stiels, Auslegers oder Arbeitswerkzeugs auf. Die Seitenwangen stehen dabei üblicherweise senkrecht auf der Bodenplatte und verlaufen parallel zueinander entlang der Längsrichtung des Oberwagens.Advantageously, a turntable for rotatable articulation of the upper carriage on the undercarriage and / or connecting areas for connection to a handle, boom or working tool are arranged on the first element. The first element of the supporting steel structure of the superstructure thus serves the rotatable connection of the upper carriage with the undercarriage and / or the articulation of a stem, jib or working tool. Usually, the first one Element of the supporting steel structure for this purpose, a bottom plate on which the turntable is arranged, as well as side cheeks for articulation of the stem, jib or working tool on. The side cheeks are usually perpendicular to the bottom plate and parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the upper carriage.

Vorteilhafterweise trägt zweite Element dagegen den Ballast und/oder die Antriebseinheit, insbesondere das Powerpack des Arbeitsgerätes. Das zweite Element der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion ist demgemäß üblicherweise auf der rückwärtigen Seite des Oberwagens angeordnet und trägt die dort angeordneten Elemente des verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerätes. Das zweite Element umfasst ebenfalls vorteilhafterweise eine Bodenkonstruktion und zwei Seitenwangen, welche sich in Längsrichtung des Oberwagens erstrecken.Advantageously, second element carries the ballast and / or the drive unit, in particular the power pack of the implement. The second element of the supporting steel structure is accordingly usually arranged on the rear side of the superstructure and carries there arranged elements of the movable working device. The second element also advantageously comprises a bottom construction and two side cheeks which extend in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure.

Vorteilhafterweise sind dabei an den Seitenwangen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Elements Verbindungsbereiche zur Verbindung des ersten und des zweiten Elements angeordnet. Insbesondere sind dabei an den Seitenwangen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Elements Bolzenaufnahmen zur Verbolzung des ersten und des zweiten Elements angeordnet. Weiterhin vorteilhafterweise sind an den Seitenwangen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Elements Verschraubungen zur Verschraubung des ersten und des zweiten Elements angeordnet.Advantageously, connecting regions for connecting the first and second elements are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element. In particular, bolt receivers for bolting the first and second elements are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element. Further advantageously, screw connections for screwing the first and the second element are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element.

Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Verbindung des ersten und des zweiten Elements dabei mindestens eine, vorteilhafterweise zwei Bolzenverbindungen, deren Verbolzungsachse horizontal verläuft. Vorteilhafterweise weisen die beiden Bolzenverbindungen dabei eine gemeinsame Verbolzungsachse auf. Über die horizontal verlaufenden Bolzenverbindungen können große Kräfte, insbesondere große Zugkräfte, zwischen den beiden Elementen übertragen werden. Vorteilhafterweise sind die Bolzenverbindungen dabei an den Seitenwangen des ersten und/oder des zweiten Elementes angeordnet.Advantageously, the connection of the first and the second element in this case comprises at least one, advantageously two bolt connections whose Verbolzungsachse runs horizontally. Advantageously, the two bolt connections have a common bolting axis. The horizontally extending bolt connections can transmit large forces, in particular large tensile forces, between the two elements. Advantageously, the bolt connections are arranged on the side cheeks of the first and / or the second element.

Vorteilhafterweise stützt sich weiterhin das zweite Element in mindestens einem Anschlagbereich auf dem ersten Element ab. In diesem Anschlagbereich können Druckkräfte problemlos von einer Stahlkonstruktion auf die andere übertragen werden. Insbesondere können dabei die durch den am zweiten Element angeordneten Ballast auftretenden Druckkräfte im Anschlagbereich auf das erste Element weitergeleitet werden. Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei der Anschlagbereich unterhalb der Verbolzungsachse angeordnet und nimmt Kräfte, die in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Verbolzungsachse wirken, auf.Advantageously, furthermore, the second element is supported in at least one stop region on the first element. In this stop area pressure forces can be easily transferred from one steel structure to the other. In particular, the pressure forces which occur due to the ballast arranged on the second element can be forwarded to the first element in the abutment region. Advantageously, the stop area is arranged below the Verbolzungsachse and absorbs forces acting in a plane perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse on.

Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Verbindung des ersten und des zweiten Element weiterhin mindestens eine, vorteilhafterweise zwei Schraubverbindungen, welche vorteilhafterweise im Anschlagbereich angeordnet sind. Die Schraubverbindungen sichern so die Verbindung des ersten mit dem zweiten Elementes gegen eine Bewegung des zweiten Elementes um die Verbolzungsachse.Advantageously, the connection of the first and the second element further comprises at least one, advantageously two screw connections, which are advantageously arranged in the stop area. The screw so secure the connection of the first with the second element against movement of the second element to the Verbolzungsachse.

Vorteilhafterweise verlaufen die Verschraubungsachsen dabei in Ebenen, welche senkrecht auf der Verbolzungsachse stehen, wobei die Verschraubungsachsen vorteilhafterweise horizontal verlaufen. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine optimale Sicherungswirkung durch die Schrauben, welche hierdurch nur auf Zug bzw. Schub belastet werden. Vorteilhafterweise sind die Verschraubungen dabei im Bodenbereich des ersten und des zweiten Elementes angeordnet.Advantageously, the Verschraubungsachsen run in planes which are perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse, wherein the Verschraubungsachsen advantageously extend horizontally. This results in an optimal securing effect by the screws, which are thereby charged only to train or thrust. Advantageously, the screw connections are arranged in the bottom region of the first and the second element.

Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Verbindung des ersten mit dem zweiten Element mindestens eine, vorteilhafterweise zwei Bolzenverbindungen, welche als Bolzen eine Spreizbuchse mit konischem Innendurchmesser und einen Presskolben mit konischem Außendurchmesser aufweisen. Hierdurch wird eine spielfreie Bolzenverbindung gewährleistet, so dass eventuell verwendete Schraubverbindungen nur entlang der Verschraubungsachse belastet werden. Der Presskolben wird dabei in die Spreizbuchse eingepreßt, so dass sich der Außendurchmesser der Spreizbuchse vergrößert und diese sich gegen die Bolzenaufnahmen am ersten und zweiten Element verspannt. Die Spreizbuchse weist dabei einen zylindrischen Außendurchmesser auf und ist vorteilhafterweise in Längsrichtung geschlitzt.Advantageously, the connection of the first to the second element comprises at least one, advantageously two bolt connections, which have as a bolt an expansion sleeve with a conical inner diameter and a plunger with a conical outer diameter. As a result, a backlash-free bolt connection is ensured, so that any screw used only be charged along the screw axis. The plunger is thereby pressed into the expansion sleeve, so that the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve increases and this braced against the bolt receptacles on the first and second element. The expansion sleeve has a cylindrical outer diameter and is advantageously slotted in the longitudinal direction.

Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei der Presskolben über eine Einpressschraube in die Spreizbuchse eingepresst. Hierdurch wird ein sicheres verpressen des Presskolbens ermöglicht, wozu z.B. ein hydraulischer Antrieb eingesetzt werden kann.Advantageously, while the plunger is pressed via a press-in screw in the expansion sleeve. This allows a secure pressing of the plunger, including e.g. a hydraulic drive can be used.

Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei die Einpressschraube in einer Halterung eingeschraubt, welche an einer die Bolzenaufnahme tragenden Schweißkonstruktion angeschraubt ist. Die Bolzenaufnahme ist dabei vorteilhafterweise an einer Seitenwange des ersten oder des zweiten Elementes angeordnet. An dieser Seitenwange wird dann eine Halterung angeschraubt, welche das Gewinde zum Einschrauben der Einpressschraube trägt.Advantageously, while the press-in screw is screwed into a holder which is screwed to a bolt-receiving bearing welded construction. The bolt receptacle is advantageously arranged on a side cheek of the first or the second element. On this side cheek then a bracket is screwed, which carries the thread for screwing the press-in screw.

Vorteilhafterweise weist die Einpressschraube dabei einen Durchmesser auf, welcher mehr als die Hälfte, vorteilhafterweise mehr als drei Viertel des Durchmessers des Bolzens beträgt. Zum einen wird hierdurch eine großflächige Pressung zwischen der Einpressschraube und dem Presskolben gewährleistet. Zudem wird so der Hebelarm zwischen dem Gewinde für die Einpressschraube und der Befestigung der Halterung an der Schweißkonstruktion kurz gehalten, so dass die Biegemomente in der Halterung niedrig bleiben. Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei der Durchmesser der Einpressschraube mindestens annähernd so groß wie der Außendurchmesser des Bolzens.Advantageously, the press-in screw has a diameter which is more than half, advantageously more than three quarters of the diameter of the bolt. On the one hand, this ensures a large-area pressure between the press-in screw and the plunger. In addition, the lever arm between the thread for the press-in screw and the attachment of the bracket to the weldment is kept short, so that the bending moments in the bracket remain low. Advantageously, while the diameter of the press-in screw is at least approximately as large as the outer diameter of the bolt.

Weiterhin vorteilhafterweise weist der Presskolben an seiner Stirnseite ein Verbindungselement zur Verbindung mit einem Zugelement auf, insbesondere ein Gewinde zum Einschrauben einer Abziehschraube. Hierdurch kann der Presskolben zum Lösen der Verbindung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Element aus der Spreizbuchse herausgezogen werden, um so die Verspannung der Bolzenverbindung zu lösen.Further advantageously, the plunger has on its front side a connecting element for connection to a tension element, in particular a thread for screwing a peel-off screw. As a result, the plunger for releasing the connection between the first and the second element can be pulled out of the expansion bush so as to release the tension of the bolt connection.

Vorteilhafterweise ist hierfür eine Unterlegscheibe vorgesehen, auf welche sich die Abziehschraube abstützt, wobei sich die Unterlegscheibe vorteilhafterweise auf der Halterung abstützt, in welche die Einpressschraube einschraubbar ist. Wird demgemäß die Abziehschraube in das Gewinde an der Stirnseite des Presskolbens eingeschraubt, stützt sie sich mit ihrem Kopf auf der Unterlegscheibe ab, so dass der Presskolben aus der Spreizbuchse abziehbar ist.Advantageously, a washer is provided for this purpose, on which the peel screw is supported, wherein the washer is advantageously supported on the holder, in which the press-in screw can be screwed. Will accordingly The screw puller screwed into the thread on the front side of the plunger, it is supported with its head on the washer, so that the plunger from the expansion sleeve is removable.

Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst dabei auch entsprechende Verfahren zur Montage bzw. zur Demontage des ersten Elements am zweiten Element bzw. des Herstellens bzw. Lösens der entsprechenden Bolzenverbindungen.The present invention also encompasses corresponding methods for mounting or dismounting the first element on the second element or for producing or loosening the corresponding bolt connections.

Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst weiterhin ein Set aus einem Bolzen, einer Einpressschraube, einer Halterung und vorteilhafterweise einer Unterlegscheibe, wie sie oben beschrieben wurden. Der Bolzen weist dabei eine Spreizbuchse mit konischem Innendurchmesser und einen Presskolben mit konischem Außendurchmesser auf, wobei der Presskolben über die Einpressschraube in die Spreizbuche einpressbar ist. Weiterhin vorteilhafterweise umfasst das Set eine entsprechende Abziehschraube zum Abziehen des Kolbens.The present invention further comprises a set of a bolt, a press-in screw, a holder and advantageously a washer as described above. The bolt in this case has an expansion sleeve with a conical inner diameter and a plunger with a conical outer diameter, wherein the plunger can be pressed into the expansion bush via the press-in screw. Further advantageously, the set comprises a corresponding pull-off screw for removing the piston.

Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst weiterhin eine Stahlkonstruktion eines Oberwagens eines verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerätes, wie es oben beschrieben wurde. Die tragende Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens weist dabei erfindungsgemäß mindestens ein erstes Element und mindestens ein zweites Element auf, welche über Bolzen und/oder Schrauben miteinander verbunden sind. Die beiden Elemente sind dabei jeweils als Schweißkonstruktion ausgeführt. Weitere Eigenschaften der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion sind oben bezüglich des verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerätes dargestellt.The present invention further includes a steel construction of a superstructure of a traveling work implement as described above. According to the invention, the load-bearing steel construction of the superstructure has at least one first element and at least one second element, which are connected to one another via bolts and / or screws. The two elements are each designed as a welded construction. Further properties of the supporting steel structure are shown above with respect to the movable working device.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße zweiteilige Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens wird das Handling sowohl bei der Konstruktion als auch beim Transport erheblich vereinfacht, da die beiden Elemente getrennt als Schweißkonstruktion hergestellt werden können und erst dann als fertige Teile über Bolzen und/oder Schrauben miteinander verbunden werden.Due to the two-part steel construction of the superstructure according to the invention, the handling is considerably simplified both during construction and during transport, since the two elements can be manufactured separately as a welded construction and only then be joined together as finished parts via bolts and / or screws.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels sowie Zeichnungen näher dargestellt. Dabei zeigen:

Figur 1:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerätes, bei welchem die erfindungsgemäße zweiteilige tragende Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens zum Einsatz kommt,
Figur 2:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen tragenden Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Figur 3:
das Ausführungsbeispiel der Stahlkonstruktion in einer seitlichen Explosionsdarstellung,
Figur 4:
das erste Element des Ausführungsbeispiels der Stahlkonstruktion in einer Frontalansicht,
Figur 5:
das erste Element des Ausführungsbeispiels der Stahlkonstruktion in einer Seitenansicht,
Figur 6:
das Ausführungsbeispiel der Stahlkonstruktion mit aufgesetztem Ballast in einer Seitenansicht,
Figur 7:
ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Bolzenverbindung in einer Schnittansicht,
Figur 8:
eine vergrößerte Darstellung der in Figur 7 gezeigten Bolzenverbindung, und
Figur 9:
das Ausführungsbeispiel der in Figuren 7 und 8 gezeigten Bolzenverbindung mit einer Abziehschraube.
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment and drawings. Showing:
FIG. 1:
An embodiment of a movable working device according to the invention, in which the two-part supporting steel construction of the upper carriage according to the invention is used,
FIG. 2:
An embodiment of the supporting steel structure of the upper carriage according to the invention in a perspective view,
FIG. 3:
the embodiment of the steel structure in a side exploded view,
FIG. 4:
the first element of the embodiment of the steel structure in a front view,
FIG. 5:
the first element of the embodiment of the steel structure in a side view,
FIG. 6:
the embodiment of the steel construction with attached ballast in a side view,
FIG. 7:
An embodiment of a bolt connection according to the invention in a sectional view,
FIG. 8:
an enlarged view of in FIG. 7 shown bolt connection, and
FIG. 9:
the embodiment of in FIGS. 7 and 8th shown bolt connection with a pull-off screw.

In Figur 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerätes gezeigt, bei welchem die erfindungsgemäße zweiteilige Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens zum Einsatz kommt. Bei dem verfahrbaren Arbeitsgerät handelt es sich dabei um einen Hydraulikbagger mit einem Unterwagen 1, an welchem ein Fahrwerk 2 angeordnet ist, welches zwei bereifte Achsen umfasst. Auf dem Unterwagen 1 ist ein um eine vertikale Drehachse 30 drehbarer Oberwagen 3 angeordnet, wofür ein Drehkranz 4 zwischen Unterwagen und Oberwagen vorgesehen ist. Der Oberwagen 3 umfasst eine Antriebseinheit 7, in diesem Fall ein Powerpack aus Motor und Hydraulikpumpen zum Antrieb der hydraulischen Verbraucher, insbesondere der Hydraulikzylinder des Baggerstiels 5 sowie der Fahrwerksantriebe. Weiterhin ist ein Ballast 8 am Oberwagen vorgesehen. Am Oberwagen 3 ist weiterhin ein Baggerstiel 5 in einem vorderen Anlenkungsbereich 9 angelenkt. Der Stiel 5 ist dabei um eine horizontale Schwenkachse verschwenkbar am Oberwagen angelenkt und trägt das Arbeitswerkzeug, in diesem Fall eine Baggerschaufel. Zum Bewegen des Stiels 5 gegenüber dem Oberwagen sind Hydraulikzylinder vorgesehen. Der Oberwagen 3 trägt weiterhin die Fahrerkabine 6, welche neben dem Anlenkungsbereich 9 für den Stiel 5 angeordnet ist.In FIG. 1 an embodiment of a movable working device is shown in which the two-part steel construction of the upper carriage according to the invention is used. In the movable working device is a hydraulic excavator with an undercarriage 1, on which a chassis 2 is arranged, which comprises two frosted axles. On the undercarriage 1, a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation 30 superstructure 3 is arranged, for which a slewing ring 4 is provided between the undercarriage and uppercarriage. The uppercarriage 3 comprises a drive unit 7, in this case a power pack comprising a motor and hydraulic pumps for driving the hydraulic consumers, in particular the hydraulic cylinders of the excavator handle 5 and the chassis drives. Furthermore, a ballast 8 is provided on the superstructure. On the uppercarriage 3, an excavator handle 5 is further articulated in a front articulation area 9. The handle 5 is pivoted about a horizontal pivot axis pivoted on the upper carriage and carries the working tool, in this case, an excavator bucket. To move the stem 5 relative to the uppercarriage hydraulic cylinders are provided. The uppercarriage 3 also carries the driver's cab 6, which is arranged next to the articulation area 9 for the shaft 5.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen zweiteiligen tragenden Stahlkonstruktion 10 des Oberwagens 3 ist nun in Figuren 2 bis 6 dargestellt. Die tragende Stahlkonstruktion 10 umfasst dabei ein erstes Element 11 und ein zweites Element 12, welche jeweils als Schweißkonstruktion ausgeführt und über Bolzen 13 und Schrauben 16 miteinander verbunden sind.An embodiment of the two-part supporting steel structure 10 according to the invention of the superstructure 3 is now in FIGS. 2 to 6 shown. The supporting steel structure 10 comprises a first element 11 and a second element 12, which are each designed as a welded construction and connected to each other via bolts 13 and screws 16.

Am ersten Element 11 ist dabei der Drehkranz 4 zur drehbaren Anlenkung des Oberwagens 3 auf dem Unterwagen 1 angeordnet. Weiterhin weist das erste Element 11 die Anlenkungsbereiche 21 und 22 zur Verbindung mit dem Stiel 5 auf. Dabei ist das erste Element aus einer Bodenplatte 19, an welcher der Drehkranz 4 angeordnet ist, sowie Seitenwangen 20 aufgebaut. An der Seitenwangen 20, welche senkrecht auf der Bodenplatte 19 stehen und sich entlang der Längsachse des Oberwagens erstrecken, sind dabei die Anlenkbereiche 21 zur Anlenkung eines Stielelements und 22 zur Anlenkung von Hydraulikzylindern zum Bewegen des Stieles vorgesehen. Weiterhin trägt das erste Element 11 die Fahrerkabine 6.At the first element 11 of the turntable 4 is arranged for rotatable articulation of the upper carriage 3 on the undercarriage 1. Furthermore, the first element 11 on the articulation areas 21 and 22 for connection to the stem 5. In this case, the first element of a bottom plate 19, on which the turntable 4 is arranged, and side cheeks 20 is constructed. On the side cheeks 20, which are perpendicular to the bottom plate 19 and extend along the longitudinal axis of the upper carriage, while the articulation 21 for articulation of a Stem member 22 and provided for the articulation of hydraulic cylinders for moving the stem. Furthermore, the first element 11 carries the driver's cab 6.

Das zweite, rückwärtig angeordnete Element 12 der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion trägt dagegen den Ballast und das Powerpack des Arbeitsgerätes. Hierzu weist das zweite Element 12 ebenfalls eine Bodenkonstruktion 23 sowie zwei Seitenwangen 24 auf. Dabei sind an den Seitenwangen 24 rückwärtig Verbindungsbereiche 25 vorgesehen, auf welchen der Ballast aufgesetzt wird. Die Seitenwangen 24 erstrecken sich dabei ebenfalls in Längsrichtung des Oberwagens, wobei sie in montierter Stellung des ersten und des zweiten Elements mit den Seitenwangen des ersten Elements fluchten.The second, rearwardly disposed element 12 of the supporting steel construction, however, carries the ballast and the power pack of the implement. For this purpose, the second element 12 also has a bottom construction 23 and two side cheeks 24. In this case, connecting areas 25 are provided on the side cheeks 24 at the rear, on which the ballast is placed. The side cheeks 24 also extend in the longitudinal direction of the upper carriage, wherein they are aligned in the mounted position of the first and the second element with the side cheeks of the first element.

Zur Verbindung des ersten und des zweiten Elements sind zwei Bolzenverbindungen vorgesehen, deren gemeinsame Verbolzungsachse horizontal verläuft. Hierfür sind an den Seitenwangen 20 des ersten Elements Bolzenaufnahmen 14 und an den Seitenwangen 24 des zweiten Elements 12 Bolzenaufnahmen 15 vorgesehen, welche über Bolzen 13 miteinander verbolzt werden. Die Bolzen legen damit das zweite Element entlang einer gemeinsamen Verbolzungsachse gegenüber dem ersten Element fest. Die Bolzenverbindungen sind dabei lösbar konstruiert. Hierdurch können das erste und das zweite Element z. B. zum Transport des Baggers demontiert werden. Wie insbesondere aus Figur 4 ersichtlich, werden die Bolzen 13 dabei von innen montiert, da links der Seitenwangen der Öltank und rechts der Seitenwangen der Kraftstofftank montiert ist.To connect the first and the second element two bolt connections are provided, the common Verbolzungsachse runs horizontally. For this purpose, bolt receivers 14 are provided on the side cheeks 20 of the first element 14 and on the side cheeks 24 of the second member 12 bolt receptacles 15 which are bolted together via bolts 13. The bolts thus fix the second element along a common Verbolzungsachse against the first element. The bolt connections are designed detachable. As a result, the first and the second element z. B. to transport the excavator to be dismantled. As in particular from FIG. 4 it can be seen, the bolts 13 are thereby mounted from the inside, as the left side of the side walls of the oil tank and right side of the side cheeks of the fuel tank is mounted.

Weiterhin sind Anschlagbereiche 17 und 18 am ersten und am zweiten Element vorgesehen, in welchen sich das zweite Element auf das erste Element aufstützt. In diesen Anschlagbereichen werden die statischen Kräfte, welche senkrecht zur Verbolzungsachse wirken, aufgenommen. Insbesondere werden hierbei die durch das Eigengewicht des zweiten Elements 12, den Ballast und das Powerpack ausgeübten statischen Momente senkrecht zu der als Drehachse wirkenden Verbolzungsachse über die Anschlagbereiche 17 und 18 in das erste Element 11 eingeleitet. Damit sind die Bolzenverbindungen im wesentlichen auf Zug, die Anschlagbereiche im wesentlichen auf Druck belastet. Die Anschlagbereiche sind hierfür unterhalb der Verbolzungsachse im Bodenbereich der Seitenwangen angeordnet.Furthermore, stop areas 17 and 18 are provided on the first and on the second element, in which the second element is supported on the first element. In these abutment areas, the static forces acting perpendicular to the bolting axis are recorded. In particular, the static moments exerted by the dead weight of the second element 12, the ballast and the power pack are introduced into the first element 11 via the abutment regions 17 and 18 perpendicular to the bolt axis acting as the axis of rotation. Thus, the bolt connections are essentially on train, the stop areas essentially loaded on pressure. The stop areas are arranged for this purpose below the Verbolzungsachse in the bottom region of the side walls.

Weiterhin sind Schrauben 16 vorgesehen, welche das erste und das zweite Element verbinden. Die Verschraubungen sind in den Anschlagbereichen 17 und 18 am ersten und am zweiten Element angeordnet. Die Verschraubungsachsen liegen dabei jeweils in Ebenen, welche senkrecht auf der Verbolzungsachse stehen. Wie in Figur 3 deutlich wird, verlaufen die Verschraubungsachsen dabei im wesentlichen horizontal im Bodenbereich des ersten und des zweiten Elements. Insbesondere sind die Verschraubungen dabei im Bodenbereich der Seitenwangen 20 und 24 am ersten und am zweiten Element angeordnet. Die Verschraubungen dienen dabei der Sicherung des ersten und zweiten Elements gegen eine Bewegung um die Verbolzungsachse.Furthermore, screws 16 are provided, which connect the first and the second element. The glands are arranged in the stop areas 17 and 18 on the first and on the second element. The Verschraubungsachsen lie in each case in planes which are perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse. As in FIG. 3 becomes clear, the Verschraubungsachsen run substantially horizontally in the bottom region of the first and the second element. In particular, the screw connections are arranged in the bottom region of the side cheeks 20 and 24 on the first and on the second element. The glands serve to secure the first and second element against movement about the Verbolzungsachse.

Die Kräfteverhältnisse am Oberwagen sind dabei insbesondere aus Figur 6 ersichtlich: Das erste Element 10 ist über den Drehkranz 4 an seiner Bodenplatte um die vertikale Drehachse 30 drehbar auf dem Unterwagen angeordnet. Alle Kräfte aus dem Oberwagen werden damit über den Drehkranz des ersten Elements auf den Unterwagen übertragen. Weiterhin ist am ersten Element über die Anlenkbereiche 21 und 22 der Baggerstiel angelenkt. Das zweite Element trägt dagegen das nicht gezeigte Powerpack und den Ballast 26, welcher im rückwärtigen Verbindungsbereich 25 über Schrauben auf dem zweiten Element befestigt ist. Der Schwerpunkt des Ballasts ist dabei mit 27 eingezeichnet, der Schwerpunkt des nicht gezeigten Powerpacks mit 28. Durch den Abstand der Schwerpunkte 27 und 28 von der Verbolzungsachse 13 ergibt sich ein vom zweiten Element auf das erste Element im Anschlagbereich 17 und 18 übertragenes statisches Moment. Um das zweite Element insbesondere bei Drehungen des Oberwagens am ersten Element zu halten, sind weiterhin die Schrauben 16 vorgesehen, welche eine Bewegung des zweiten Elementes in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Verbolzungsachse 13 verhindern.The balance of power on the superstructure are in particular from FIG. 6 can be seen: The first element 10 is arranged on the turntable 4 on its bottom plate about the vertical axis of rotation 30 rotatably mounted on the undercarriage. All forces from the superstructure are transferred to the undercarriage via the turntable of the first element. Furthermore, 21 and 22 of the excavator handle is articulated on the first element via the articulation areas. The second element, however, carries the power pack, not shown, and the ballast 26, which is fastened in the rear connection region 25 by means of screws on the second element. The center of gravity of the ballast is shown at 27, the center of gravity of the power pack, not shown with 28. By the distance between the centers of gravity 27 and 28 of the Verbolzungsachse 13 results from a second element on the first element in the stop area 17 and 18 transmitted static moment. In order to hold the second element, in particular during rotations of the superstructure on the first element, the screws 16 are further provided, which prevent movement of the second element in a plane perpendicular to the Verbolzungsachse 13.

Da die Schraubenverbindungen im unteren Bereich des ersten und zweiten Elements nicht auf Querschub belastet werden sollen, müssen die Bolzenverbindungen sowohl in radialer als auch in axialer Richtung absolut spielfrei sein. In Figuren 7 bis 9 ist nun ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer dementsprechend gestalteten erfindungsgemäßen Bolzenverbindung gezeigt. Für den Bolzen wird dabei als Werkstoff 42 CRM04 und ein Bolzendurchmesser von 140 mm verwendet. Der Bolzen ist zweiteilig aufgebaut und besteht aus einer Spreizbuchse 32 mit konischem Innendurchmesser und einem Presskolben 31 mit konischem Außendurchmesser. Die Spreizbuchse weist dabei einen zylindrischen Außendurchmesser auf und ist in Längsrichtung geschlitzt, um ihre Funktion zu verbessern. Wird der Presskolben 31 axial in die Spreizbuchse 32 geschoben, vergrößert sich deren Außendurchmesser, wodurch sich der Bolzen gegen die Bolzenaufnahmen 14 und 15 mit den Seitenwangen 20 und 24 von erstem und zweitem Element verspannt. Die Spreizbuchse 32 weist dabei einen Kragen 41 auf, über welchen sie auf der Seitenfläche der Bolzenaufnahme aufliegt. Die Auflagefläche zwischen Kragen 41 und Bolzenaufnahme ist dabei so dimensioniert, dass die die Kraft, welche beim Einpressen auf die Spreizbuchse wirkt, unter Einhaltung der zulässigen Flächenpressung übertragen wird. Um auch der Stahlkonstruktion des ersten Elements die nötige Festigkeit zu geben, sind an den Seitenwangen 20 im Bereich der Bolzenaufnahmen Aufdopplungen 45 vorgesehen. Diese sind an die Bleche der Seitenwangen 20 angeschweißt.Since the screw connections in the lower region of the first and second elements are not to be subjected to transverse thrust, the bolt connections must be absolutely free of play in both the radial and in the axial direction. In FIGS. 7 to 9 Now, an embodiment of a correspondingly designed bolt connection according to the invention is shown. The material used for the bolt is 42 CRM04 and a bolt diameter of 140 mm. The bolt is constructed in two parts and consists of a Spreizbuchse 32 with conical inner diameter and a plunger 31 with conical outer diameter. The expansion sleeve has a cylindrical outer diameter and is slotted in the longitudinal direction to improve their function. If the plunger 31 is pushed axially into the expansion sleeve 32, the outer diameter increases, whereby the bolt braced against the pin receivers 14 and 15 with the side cheeks 20 and 24 of the first and second element. The expansion sleeve 32 in this case has a collar 41, via which it rests on the side surface of the bolt receptacle. The bearing surface between the collar 41 and bolt receptacle is dimensioned so that the force which acts on the expansion bushing during pressing in, is transferred in compliance with the permissible surface pressure. In order to give the necessary strength to the steel structure of the first element, doubling 45 are provided on the side cheeks 20 in the area of the bolt receptacles. These are welded to the sheets of the side cheeks 20.

Durch die beim Verspannen von Bolzen und Bolzenaufnahme auftretende Radialkraft ergibt sich eine Reibkraft, welche verhindert, dass sich der Bolzen in axialer Richtung verschiebt. Die Reibkraft, welche aufgrund des Einpressens des Presskolbens 31 entsteht, muss dabei größer sein als die maximal auftretende Axialkraft bei einer Bewegung des Oberwagens. Um bei maximaler Beschleunigung, insbesondere bei einem Drehen des Oberwagens mit entsprechenden Zentrifugalkräften des Ballastes, ein Klaffen zwischen Bolzen und Bolzenaufnahme zu vermeiden, sollte die Verpressung durch den Spreizkolben und die Spreizhülse die dabei maximal auftretende Pressung übersteigen. Zur Bestimmung der maximalen Belastung der Verbindung wird dabei die Gewichtskraft des zweiten Elementes mit Powerpack und Ballast mit der maximalen Beschleunigung von ca. 7g, welche bei solchen Geräten auftreten kann, multipliziert.Due to the radial force occurring during bracing of bolts and bolt receiving results in a frictional force, which prevents the bolt shifts in the axial direction. The friction force, which arises due to the pressing of the plunger 31, it must be greater than the maximum axial force occurring during a movement of the upper carriage. In order to avoid gaping between the bolt and bolt receptacle at maximum acceleration, in particular when turning the superstructure with corresponding centrifugal forces of the ballast, the compression by the expansion piston and the expansion sleeve should exceed the maximum occurring pressure. To determine the maximum load on the connection while the weight of the second element with power pack and ballast with the maximum acceleration of about 7g, which can occur in such devices, multiplied.

Zur Verpressung von Bolzen und Bolzenaufnahme wird der Presskolben 31 über eine Einpressschraube 33 in die Spreizbuchse 32 eingepreßt. Die Einpressschraube 33 ist dabei in einer Halterung 34 eingeschraubt, welche an die Seitenwange 20 des ersten Elementes angeschraubt ist. Weiterhin ist eine Sicherungsmutter 37 vorgesehen, über welche die Einpressschraube in Position gehalten wird. Die Einpressschraube (M120) ist dabei annähernd so große wie der Außendurchmesser der Bolzenverbindung mit 140 mm. Hierdurch wird die Flächenpressung an der Stirnseite des Presskolbens 31 bzw. an der Einpressschraube klein gehalten. Zweitens ergibt sich hierdurch ein kurzer Hebelarm zwischen dem Gewinde 35 der Halterung und deren Verbindung mit der Seitenwange 20, so dass das Biegemoment in der Halterung niedrig bleibt.For pressing of bolt and bolt receiving the plunger 31 is pressed via a press-in screw 33 in the expansion sleeve 32. The press-in screw 33 is screwed into a holder 34, which is screwed to the side wall 20 of the first element. Furthermore, a locking nut 37 is provided, via which the press-in screw is held in position. The press-in screw (M120) is approximately as large as the outer diameter of the bolt connection with 140 mm. As a result, the surface pressure is kept small at the end face of the plunger 31 and on the press-in screw. Second, this results in a short lever arm between the thread 35 of the holder and its connection to the side wall 20, so that the bending moment in the holder remains low.

Die Halterung 34 ist dabei als Scheibe ausgeführt, in welcher das Gewinde 35 zum Einschrauben der Einpressschraube 33 mittig angeordnet ist und welche über mehrere Schrauben 36, welche kreisförmig um das Gewinde 35 angeordnet sind, mit der Seitenwange 20 verschraubt ist. Die zehn Schrauben 36 zur Verbindung der Halterung 34 mit der Seitenwange 20 bilden dabei einen Lochkreis mit einem Durchmesser von 235 mm.The holder 34 is designed as a disk, in which the thread 35 is arranged centrally for screwing the press-fit screw 33 and which is screwed to the side cheek 20 via a plurality of screws 36, which are arranged in a circle around the thread 35. The ten screws 36 for connecting the holder 34 with the side wall 20 form a circle of holes with a diameter of 235 mm.

Wie in Figur 9 dargestellt, wird zum Lösen der Bolzenverbindung zunächst die Einpressschraube 33 aus der Halterung 34 herausgedreht, so dass die Stirnseite des Spreizkolbens zugänglich ist. Zum Herausziehen des Spreizkolbens 31 aus der Buchse 32 weist der Spreizkolben 31 dabei auf seiner Stirnseite ein Gewinde 37 auf, in welches eine Abziehschraube 42 einschraubbar ist. Die Abziehschraube (Im Ausführungsbeispiel M64) weist einen kleineren Durchmesser auf als die Einpressschraube und kann so durch die Halterung 34 hindurch in das Gewinde 37 eingeschraubt werden. Weiterhin wird eine Unterlegscheibe 43 verwendet, über welche sich der Kopf der Abziehschraube 42 auf der Halterung 34 aufstützt. Durch Anziehen der Schraubverbindung kann der Spreizkolben 31 gegenüber der Spreizbuchse 32 verschoben und damit die Bolzenverbindung gelöst werden. Die Halterung weist dabei eine Aussparung 44 auf, welche eine Bewegung des Spreizkolbens 31 aus der Spreizbuchse 32 heraus erlaubt.As in FIG. 9 shown, the press-in screw 33 is first unscrewed from the holder 34 to release the bolt connection, so that the end face of the expansion piston is accessible. To remove the expansion piston 31 from the bushing 32, the expansion piston 31 has a thread 37 on its end face, into which a peel-off screw 42 can be screwed. The peel-off screw (in the exemplary embodiment M64) has a smaller diameter than the press-in screw and can thus be screwed through the holder 34 into the thread 37. Furthermore, a washer 43 is used, via which the head of the peel-off screw 42 rests on the holder 34. By tightening the screw of the expansion piston 31 can be moved relative to the expansion sleeve 32 and thus the bolt connection can be solved. The bracket points In this case, a recess 44 which allows movement of the Spreizkolbens 31 from the expansion sleeve 32 out.

Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Bolzenverbindungen ist eine sichere und absolut spielfreie Verbindung des ersten und des zweiten Elementes der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion des erfindungsgemäßen Oberwagens gewährleistet. Hierdurch ergeben sich trotz des zweiteiligen Aufbaus der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion des Oberwagens keinerlei Nachteile hinsichtlich der Stabilität.By bolt connections according to the invention a secure and absolutely backlash-free connection of the first and the second element of the supporting steel structure of the superstructure according to the invention is ensured. This results in spite of the two-part construction of the supporting steel structure of the superstructure no disadvantages in terms of stability.

Durch den erfindungsgemäßen zweiteiligen Aufbau mit einem ersten Element, an welchem die Drehbühne und die Verbindungsbereiche mit dem Stiel angeordnet sind, und einem zweiten Element, an welchem die Zentraleinheit mit Powerpack und Ballast angeordnet ist, ergibt sich dabei ein verbessertes Handling bei der Konstruktion und beim Transport des Oberwagens, da die beiden Einzelteile der tragenden Stahlkonstruktion getrennt voneinander geschweißt werden können und dann über die Bolzen- und Schraubverbindungen sicher miteinander verbunden werden können.Due to the two-part construction according to the invention with a first element, on which the revolving platform and the connecting areas are arranged with the stem, and a second element, on which the central unit is arranged with power pack and ballast, this results in an improved handling in the construction and the Transport of the superstructure, since the two individual parts of the supporting steel structure can be welded separately from each other and then securely connected to each other via the bolt and screw connections.

Claims (13)

  1. A traveling working machine, in particular an excavator, with an undercarriage (1) on which the traveling gear (2) is arranged, and an uppercarriage (3) rotatably arranged on the undercarriage (1) about a vertical axis of rotation (30),
    characterized in
    that the load-bearing steel construction (10) of the uppercarriage (3) is composed of at least one first (11) and one second (12) element, which are connected with each other via bolts (13) and screws (16).
  2. The traveling working machine according to claim 1, wherein a slewing ring (4) for rotatable attachment of the uppercarriage (3) to the undercarriage (1) and/or connecting regions for connection with a dipper arm (5), boom or working tool are arranged on the first element.
  3. The traveling working machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second element carries the ballast (26) and/or the drive unit, in particular the powerpack of the working machine.
  4. The traveling working machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the connection of the first with the second element comprises at least one, advantageously two bolt connections (13) whose bolting axis extends horizontally.
  5. The traveling working machine according to claim 4, wherein the second element (12) supports on the first element in at least one stop region (17).
  6. The traveling working machine according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the connection of the first with the second element furthermore comprises at least one, advantageously two screw connections (16), which advantageously are arranged in the stop region.
  7. The traveling working machine according to claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the screwing axes extend in planes which are vertical to the bolting axis, wherein the screwing axes advantageously extend horizontally.
  8. The traveling working machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the connection of the first with the second element comprises at least one, advantageously two bolt connections, which as bolt include a split bushing (32) with conical inside diameter and a pressing piston (31) with conical outside diameter.
  9. The traveling working machine according to claim 8, wherein the pressing piston (31) is pressed into the split bushing (32) via a clinch screw (33).
  10. The traveling working machine according to claim 9, wherein the clinch screw (33) is screwed into a holder (34) which is screwed to a welded construction carrying the bolt receptacle.
  11. The traveling working machine according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the clinch screw (33) has a diameter which is more than half, advantageously more than three quarters of the diameter of the bolt (16).
  12. The traveling working machine according to any of claims 8 to 11, wherein the end face of the pressing piston (31) is provided with a connecting element for connection with a tension element, in particular a thread for screwing in a pull-off screw (42).
  13. The traveling working machine according to claim 12, wherein a washer (43) is provided, on which the pull-off screw (42) supports, wherein the washer (43) advantageously supports on the holder (34) into which the clinch screw can be screwed.
EP09012099.9A 2008-10-17 2009-09-23 Superstructure for a movable work device Active EP2177670B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP12008385.2A EP2573280A3 (en) 2008-10-17 2009-09-23 Base steel plate of the suprestructure of a mobile works machine

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DE202008013896U DE202008013896U1 (en) 2008-10-17 2008-10-17 Mobile working device

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EP12008385.2A Division EP2573280A3 (en) 2008-10-17 2009-09-23 Base steel plate of the suprestructure of a mobile works machine

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EP2177670B1 true EP2177670B1 (en) 2014-03-12

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009039918A1 (en) 2010-04-22
EP2177670A1 (en) 2010-04-21
DE202008013896U1 (en) 2010-03-11
US8177017B2 (en) 2012-05-15
EP2573280A3 (en) 2014-05-14
EP2573280A2 (en) 2013-03-27
US20100096211A1 (en) 2010-04-22

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