EP2175088B1 - Verfahren zum Einbau vor Ort eines vorgefertigten halbfesten Modul für Baukonstruktion - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Einbau vor Ort eines vorgefertigten halbfesten Modul für Baukonstruktion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2175088B1
EP2175088B1 EP20090380161 EP09380161A EP2175088B1 EP 2175088 B1 EP2175088 B1 EP 2175088B1 EP 20090380161 EP20090380161 EP 20090380161 EP 09380161 A EP09380161 A EP 09380161A EP 2175088 B1 EP2175088 B1 EP 2175088B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prefabricated
gantries
building
module
lightweight
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EP20090380161
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2175088A2 (de
EP2175088A3 (de
Inventor
Angel Moreno Cano
Julio César Moreno Cano
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Moreno Cano Angel
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Moreno Cano Angel
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807—Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B2001/34892—Means allowing access to the units, e.g. stairs or cantilevered gangways

Definitions

  • the present invention comes within the sector of industrialized construction and relates to a prefabricated semi-resistant module for construction and a method for its installation on site in such a way that a modular construction system is defined.
  • the prefabricated semi-resistant module can be for residential use, equipment, industrial use, etc., and the installation method on site is carried out on gantries with a prefabricated structure. So, the system defined by the semi-resistant module and its installation method has the advantage of a rapid execution of the work (both the manufacture of the module in an assembly chain and the execution/installation process on site), a considerable reduction in construction costs and the fact that all the materials used are easily reusable and recyclable,
  • the invention comes within the technical field of construction, specifically within modular construction techniques.
  • modular or prefabricated construction systems can be categorized into three groups characterized in that:
  • the construction systems of group A) comprise light meshed structures of galvanized folded sheet and "slabs" of water-repellent board made of wood agglomerate of the kind that exists in many systems among those that are currently on the market.
  • the construction systems of group B) are composed of structures-enclosures produced in situ, characterized by projecting gunned concrete onto insulating panels with steel reinforcement, the actual structural enclosure being both vertical (wall) and horizontal (floor slab), with the rest of the work being carried out in situ by traditional methods (facilities, coverings, etc.).
  • the construction systems of group C) comprise structural boxes made of reinforced concrete and fully finished, calculated in order to resist several boxes resting one on top of another, with several stories being stacked up, for which there exist various patents depending on the system for securing one module to another and the passage and connection systems for the facilities, such as for example Patents ES 2 094 179 T3 , ES 2 098 090 T3 , ES 2 090 175 T3 .
  • the prefabricated semi-resistant module of the present invention is produced in the factory by means of an "assembly chain" system in accordance with the following method: some load-bearing beams made of rolled steel sections, preferably hot rolled steel as per standard UNE EN 10025, especially S235 to S 450, standard UNE EN 10210 and shaped cold as per UNE EN 10219 according to CTE-SE-Steel, which forms "part" of the structure of the building, are taken and on them is executed a lightweight slab composed of decking sheet (any of the products existing on the market) which is welded or screwed to said beams on which a lightweight concrete of expanded aggregate is poured, preferably arlite or similar, and mesh, preferably of steel.
  • This type of slab already existing, permits the actual weight thereof to be reduced by around 50%, and to be produced in spans of around 3 m, which facilitate its later transportation.
  • the edges are approximately 12 cm.
  • a "cage” made of shaped sections, preferably in rolled steel, which on the one hand permits securing of the prefabricated partitions and on the other hand it serves as a crane attachment for its later transportation and placement on site.
  • the partitioning is then executed by means of shaped sections, preferably of galvanized steel, and panel, preferably of cardboard, plaster or any of the systems existing on the market, with the difference that instead of being secured to the lower interior slab or floor and the upper interior slab or ceiling, it is secured to the lower interior slab and to the "cage" of metallic sections of rolled steel by means of additional galvanized steel sections which will later on serve for the fixing of the lightweight plates that are going to form the ceiling of the module.
  • the sanitary facilities made of PVC or similar, are installed under the slab, along with branch pipes to runoffs and sections of main down-pipes for the story, and at that moment the entire area underneath the slab and the beams is then sprayed with fire-resistant foam.
  • the hot and cold water facilities are fitted in polybutylene or similar which permits an industrialized or kit preparation, and also the electricity and telecommunications, by means of chases, ducts, pipes and cabling in the ceiling, which, depending on the use, will have the greatest possible degree of prefabrication or industrialization.
  • the next step in the installation process relates to the prefabricated façade panels with complete exterior carpentry and the rest of the panel starting from the insulating chamber being finished with any kind of covering, with lightweight prefabricated modular types being recommended.
  • the façade panel is secured to the "cage" made of metallic shaped sections and to the mesh of the galvanized shaped sections for the partitions.
  • the finished module preferably has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the method of installation of the module or modules is executed entirely on the site, starting with the foundation which will need to be calculated depending on the characteristics of the ground and in which in most cases will be a traditional foundation using isolated footing pieces secured with reinforced concrete, since the system is characterized by its lightness with a load transmission to the foundation of around 50% of the figure that would correspond to a traditional construction.
  • the rest of the structural system is executed on the foundation story by story, alternating the installation of the gantries for each story with the positioning of the finished modules of the building, joining them together after positioning them In the story by means of screwed or welded connections, with the complete structure at that moment being created by the following method: Positioned on the footing pieces are some gantries prefabricated in hot rolled steel as per standard UNE EN 10025, especially S235 to S 450, standard UNE EN 10210 and shaped cold as per UNE EN 10219 according to CTE-SE-Steel, as with the steel for the columns and main beams.
  • the modules Positioned on those gantries are the modules, resting on the main beams of rolled steel, and they are joined to the gantry and the main beam with the structure thereby being completed.
  • the rolled steel "cages" of the different modules making up the same story of the building are joined together by means of screws or welding and the "cages” are in turn joined together with the columns of the gantry.
  • the facilities for the different modules are connected together.
  • the upper and contiguous story is then proceeded to be created in the same way, screwing or welding the adjacent upper gantries to the already executed structure forming part of the finishing building.
  • the system is repeated, both on the same story and upwards, as might be required by the works program, respecting the expansion joints, until the façade party wall has been reached, which is created as the façade of the prefabricated module, in other words, a prefabricated façade party wall with complete exterior carpentry and the rest of the party wall, starting from the insulating chamber, being finished with any kind of covering, with lightweight prefabricated modular types being recommended.
  • the façade party wall panel is secured to the "cage" made of metallic shaped sections and to the mesh of the galvanized shaped sections of, or until reaching, the roof of the building, which is created as the lightweight prefabricated slab of the module, in other words, slab composed of decking sheet which is welded or screwed to beams, especially to the beams of the final gantry, on which a lightweight concrete of expanded aggregate is poured, preferably arlite or similar, and mesh, preferably of steel or any other system of prefabricated slab existing on the market. It is then waterproofed with special care being taken in the overlaps and reinforcements in the joints of slabs and is then thermally insulated.
  • Said final gantry is positioned as for the others, and has the function of, on the one hand, completing the structural system of the semi-resistant module that it has below and, on the other, of supporting the slab for the roof.
  • the communal zone for vertical communication such as stairways and lifts, are carried out "a posteriori" by means of existing self-supporting prefabricated systems or kits which are attached to the building permitting access to the different stories, with an accessible zone being created at the attachment point through which in the vertical direction will run the general community facilities for the building in shunts (vertical down-pipes) and prefabricated ducts hanging from the structure of the building from prefabricated enclosures or cupboards for each facility or service on the ground floor.
  • the said general community facilities are included in the module and run along the ceiling of the communal zone containing the access doors to the apartments and which form part of the module.
  • the said vertical down-pipes will have their inspection holes and prefabricated connection cupboards inside the space for those down-pipes.
  • the modular construction system will be applied to the construction of an apartment block of the VPO type (those built with government subsidies) consisting of 2 bedroom apartments with 3 stories in height in which the block takes on the form of an H with 12 apartments.
  • the process of material execution is carried out in a factory by means of an assembly chain on part of the final structure, specifically load-bearing beams (1), transverse beams (13) and lightweight slab (2), in which the transverse beams (13) can be dispensed with.
  • figure 1 shows the arrangement of the load-bearing beams (1), transverse beams (13) and lightweight slab (2), thereby defining the base surface of one of the two modules, the load-bearing beams (1) and transverse beams (13) preferably being made of rolled steel shaped sections and the lightweight slab (2) being composed of a decking sheet (17) welded or screwed to the load-bearing beams (1), on which decking sheet (17) some lightweight concrete (18) is poured, preferably of the expanded aggregate type with mesh (19), as illustrated by the transverse cut of figure 4 .
  • FIG 3 it can be seen how a cage (3) of metallic shaped sections is created on the lightweight slab (2).
  • the idea of the "cage” is to stiffen each module, permitting the complete carrying out of partitioning (4), façades (5), interiors and facilities (6) and an easy transportation and installation on site.
  • the prefabricated partitioning is carried out on the cage (3) and the lightweight slab (2) by means of shaped sections and panel secured to the lightweight slab (2) and to the cage (3) by means of additional shaped sections.
  • Figures 5a, 5b and 7 show the sanitary facilities (6) which are installed once the prefabricated partitioning (4) has been secured, and installed below the lightweight slab (2) are branch pipes, runoffs and sections of main down-pipes for the story.
  • the lower part of the lightweight slab (2) and the load-bearing beams (1) are then sprayed with fire-resistant foam (21) and the installation is then proceeded with of an industrialized or kit preparation of hot and cold water, electricity and telecommunications by means of chases, ducts, pipes and cabling in the ceiling.
  • the prefabricated façade panels (5) will be installed which comprise the complete exterior carpentry (5a) and, starting from an insulating chamber (5b), an interior finish (5c) with covering in such a way that the façade panels (5) are secured to the cage (3) and to a mesh (5d) of the prefabricated partitioning shaped sections (4).
  • handrails (7a) are prepared which can be seen in figure 7 and which are delivered separately for being positioned later on, in situ, on the site.
  • Figures 8-20 illustrate this method where, as shown in figure 8 , the first thing that is done is the foundation (9) of the plot of land and positioning of the first story of gantries (10), columns and main beams.
  • the first story of gantries (10) is made of rolled steel of free span 6 m, height 3 m and distance between gantries of 5 m.
  • each step in the construction of the building of the preferred embodiment is shown, in other words, in figure 9 a first module Is coupled on the foundation (9) and the first story of prefabricated gantries (10) of the previous figure 8 .
  • a second module is coupled to the structure of the previous figure 9 and it also shows the positioning of the handrails (7a).
  • figure 11 a second story of gantries (10) is attached to the structure of the previous figure 10 .
  • Figure 12 shows how a third module is coupled on structure of the previous figure 11 .
  • Figure 13 shows a diagram of how a fourth module is coupled on the structure of the previous figure 12 , and in which the handrails (7a) have also been positioned.
  • figure 14 a third story of prefabricated gantries is attached to the structure of the previous figure 13 .
  • Figure 15 indicates the positioning of a fifth module in the structure of the previous figure 14 .
  • Figure 16 shows the attachment of a sixth module to the structure of the previous figure 15 , with the corresponding positioning of the handrails (7a).
  • Figure 17 shows the positioning of a fourth story of prefabricated gantries on the structure of the previous figure 16 .
  • Figure 18 shows the positioning of the roof (14a) on the structure of the previous figure 17 and figure 19 adds the positioning of the party walls (14b).
  • a set of apartments is thus defined.
  • Figure 20 illustrates four sets of apartments comprising a block of apartments in the form of an H (16) where communal zones (15), such as stairways, elevators and general communal facilities, have also been illustrated in diagrammatic form.
  • communal zones (15) such as stairways, elevators and general communal facilities
  • Figure 9 shows more structural connections (11) in order to connect each module on the gantries (10).
  • Figure 13 in turn shows a connection (12) for sanitary and ventilation facilities (6).

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung und Installation vor Ort eines vorgefertigten halbfesten Moduls, welches geeignet ist, um mit anderen ähnlichen oder gleichen Modulen, welche sowohl seitlich als auch darüber angeordnet sind, verbunden zu werden, wobei das Modul Folgendes umfasst:
    - zumindest zwei Tragebalken aus Walzstahl und zwei Sicherungsplattenränder, welche den Umfang des Bodens des Moduls definieren, wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:
    - Verwirklichen einer leichten Platte auf den Tragebalken (1) aus geformten Abschnitten aus Walzstahl durch Gießen von Leichtbeton (18) aus einem ausgedehnten Aggregat und einer Bewehrungsmatte (19) auf ein Trapezblech (17), welches an den Balken (1) angeschweißt oder angeschraubt ist, wodurch als Ergebnis die leichte Platte (2) entsteht;
    - Erzeugen eines Käfigs (3) aus metallischen geformten Abschnitten auf der leichten Platte (2), welcher einerseits zur Sicherung einer vorgefertigten Abtrennung (4) verwendet wird und andererseits als Kranhalterung dient, um später transportiert und vor Ort aufgestellt zu werden;
    - nach dem Sichern der vorgefertigten Abtrennung (4), Installieren der sanitären Einrichtungen (6), und, unterhalb der leichten Platte (2), Verbinden von Rohren mit Abzweigungen und Abschnitten von Hauptfallrohren für das Stockwerk;
    - Aufsprühen eines feuerfesten Schaums (21) auf den unteren Teil der leichten Platte (2) und die Tragebalken (1);
    - Installieren eines Industrie- oder Kitpräparats aus heißem und kaltem Wasser, von Elektrizität und Telekommunikation durch Rinnen, Rohrleitungen, Rohre und Verkabelungen in Decke;
    - Sichern von vorgefertigten Fassadenplatten (5), welche eine vollständige äußere geschreinerte Struktur (5a), eine Isolierkammer (5b) und eine Abdeckung (5c) für den Käfig (3) und für eine Masche (5d) der vorgefertigten Abtrennung (4) aus geformten Abschnitten umfasst;
    wobei das Verfahren weiterhin folgende Schritte umfasst:
    a. Erzeugen eines Fundaments (9) für das Grundstück, auf dem das Modul zu positionieren ist;
    b. Positionieren eines ersten Stockwerks aus vorgefertigten Gerüsten (10), welche aus Säulen und Hauptbalken bestehen, auf dem Fundament (9);
    c. Positionieren der vorgefertigten halbfesten Module auf den Gerüsten (10), wobei diese auf deren Tragebalken (1) ruhen, so dass die Gerüste (10) mit den Tragebalken (1) der Module verbunden werden;
    d. Verbinden der Einrichtungen (6) für die verschiedenen Module;
    e. nachdem ein Stockwerk fertiggestellt ist, Positionieren eines zweiten Stockwerks aus Gerüsten (13);
    f. Verwenden von Schrauben oder Schweißen, um die Käfige (3) der verschiedenen Module miteinander zu verbinden, wobei ein einziges Stockwerk des Gebäudes gebildet wird, und gleichzeitig die Säulen der Gerüste (10) mit den Käfigen (3) verbunden werden;
    g. Wiederholen der vorherigen Schritte c - f so oft, wie zu erbauende Stockwerke des Gebäudes vorhanden sind;
    h. Wiederholen der Schritte a - g oder der Schritte b - g je nach dem zu erbauenden Gebäude, bis eine Fassadenzwischenmauer erreicht ist und bis ein Dach (14a) des Gebäudes erreicht ist;
    i. Versiegeln der äußeren Verbindungen der Fassaden (5) zwischen verschiedenen Modulen durch ein feuerresistentes Spray auf den Säulen und Hauptbalken und durch das Positionieren von speziellen Schürzenteilen aus leichtem Material mit einer Schraub- oder Klebeverbindung;
    j. Verwirklichen der Kommunalbereiche des Gebäudes durch selbsttragende vorgefertigte Systeme, welche mit dem Rest der Struktur verbunden werden, wobei ein zugänglicher Bereich in der Verbindung geschaffen wird, durch welchen die allgemeinen Gemeinschaftseinrichtungen für das Gebäude in vertikaler Richtung in Abzweigrohren und vorgefertigten Rohrleitungen verlaufen werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fassadenzwischenmauer auf dieselbe Art und Weise hergestellt wird wie die Fassade (5) des vorgefertigten halbfesten Moduls.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dach des Gebäudes auf dieselbe Art und Weise hergestellt wird wie die leichte Platte (2) des vorgefertigten halbfesten Moduls, mit einer zusätzlichen wasserdichten und thermischen Isolierung, mit Verstärkungen in Überlappungen und Verbindungen für Platten.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fundament (9) mit einem isolierten Fundamentteil, welches mit Stahlbeton gesichert ist, hergestellt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vor Ort während des Installationsverfahrens geschaffenen strukturellen Verbindungen durch ein beliebiges Nut-Feder-System, Bolzen oder Nieten realisiert werden.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das äußere Blech bzw. die Abdeckung der Fassaden für das Gebäude später am Ende des Bausystems durch Verwendung eines beliebigen auf dem Markt verfügbaren Verschluss- bzw. Abdeckungssystems realisiert wird.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgefertigten Gerüste (10) aus metallischen geformten Abschnitten beliebiger Art hergestellt werden.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorgefertigten Gerüste (10) aus Stahlbeton mit dem Fundament (9) vor Ort realisiert werden.
EP20090380161 2008-10-10 2009-10-08 Verfahren zum Einbau vor Ort eines vorgefertigten halbfesten Modul für Baukonstruktion Not-in-force EP2175088B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200802879A ES2333636B1 (es) 2008-10-10 2008-10-10 Modulo semirresistente prefabricado para construccion y procedimientode montaje en obra del mismo.

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EP2175088A2 EP2175088A2 (de) 2010-04-14
EP2175088A3 EP2175088A3 (de) 2012-07-25
EP2175088B1 true EP2175088B1 (de) 2014-09-03

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Cited By (3)

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DE102018127871A1 (de) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-14 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz und Verfahren zur form- und/oder kraftschlüssigen Vormontage für eine Rahmenkonstruktion sowie Verwendung
DE202020101892U1 (de) 2020-04-06 2020-05-28 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz zum Bereitstellen einer Rahmenkonstruktion für Wohneinheiten sowie Verwendung
DE102020109592A1 (de) 2020-04-06 2021-10-07 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Rahmenkonstruktion für Wohneinheiten sowie Verwendung

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DE102019126126A1 (de) * 2019-09-27 2021-04-01 Werk Eins Gmbh Bauwerk und Verfahren zum Errichten eines Bauwerks
EP4074908A1 (de) * 2021-04-12 2022-10-19 Grupo Avintia, S.L. Bausystem und verfahren zu seiner umsetzung
ES1272154Y (es) * 2021-05-10 2021-10-11 Ind Metalicas Anro S L Edificacion modular en altura ampliable, desmontable y reutilizable conformada por elementos prefabricados
GB2611812B (en) * 2021-10-18 2023-12-20 Larkfleet Group X House Ltd Building for car parks

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018127871A1 (de) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-14 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz und Verfahren zur form- und/oder kraftschlüssigen Vormontage für eine Rahmenkonstruktion sowie Verwendung
DE102018127871B4 (de) * 2018-11-08 2020-07-16 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz und Verfahren zur form- und/oder kraftschlüssigen Vormontage für eine Rahmenkonstruktion sowie Verwendung
DE202020101892U1 (de) 2020-04-06 2020-05-28 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz zum Bereitstellen einer Rahmenkonstruktion für Wohneinheiten sowie Verwendung
DE102020109592A1 (de) 2020-04-06 2021-10-07 Ernst-Peter Amat Kreft Montage-Bausatz und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Rahmenkonstruktion für Wohneinheiten sowie Verwendung

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ES2333636B1 (es) 2011-03-11
EP2175088A2 (de) 2010-04-14
ES2333636A1 (es) 2010-02-24
EP2175088A3 (de) 2012-07-25

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