Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
  • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material

Definitions

• the present invention concerns the use as descaling and lubricating agents of particular compositions of C 1 -C 2 esters of monocarboxylic acids from C 6 to C 20 , particularly from C 8 to C 18 , with prevalence of esters of monocarboxylic acids from C 12 to C 16 .
• the present invention concerns the use as descaling and lubricating agents of compositions of C 1 -C 2 esters of monocarboxylic acids from C 6 to C 20 particularly from C 8 to C 18 , the above-mentioned compositions being characterized by containing esters of monocarboxylic saturated acids C 12 -C 16 in quantity from 65% to 94% by weight, preferably from 68% to 90% by weight, compared to the total esters of monocarboxylic acids.
• compositions of the present invention arc then methyl and/or ethyl esters, preferably methyl, of the above-mentioned monocarboxylic acids.
• Main components of the above-mentioned compositions are methyl and/or ethyl esters of lauric acid (C 12 ), myristic acid (C 14 ) and palmitic acid (C 16 ). Between these three esters, it is usually prevalent the one derived from the lauric acid.
• compositions in the present invention are usually esters C 1 -C 2 of monocarboxylic saturated acids C 6 (hexanoic acid), C 8 (caprylic acid), C 10 (capric acid), C 18 (stearic acid) and unsaturated acids C 18 (oleic acid and linoleic acid), with prevalence of the last ones.
• composition conditions arc satisfied by the methyl and /or ethyl esters of particular vegetable oils, as Babassu oil, Coconut oil, Palm Kernel oil.
• the preferred composition of the present invention is constituted by methyl and/or ethyl ester of Babassu oil.
• the table 1 reproduces the composition in % by weight of the three above-mentioned vegetable oils.
• Table 1 - Vegetable oils composition Babassu Oil Coconut Oil Palm Kernel Oil C 6.0 ND ND-0.7 ND-0.8 C 8.0 2.6-7.3 4.6-10.0 2.4-6.2 C 10.0 1.2-7.6 5.0-8.0 2.6-5.0 C 12.0 40.0-55.0 45.1-53.2 45.0-55.0 C 14.0 11.0-27.0 16.8-21.0 14.0-18.0 C 16.0 5.2-11.0 7.5-10.2 6.5-10.0 C 16.1 ND ND ND-0.2 C 17.0 ND ND ND C 17.1 ND ND ND C 18.0 1.8-7.4 2.0-4.0 1.0-3.0 C 18.1 9.0-20.0 5.0-10.0 12.0-19.0 C 18.2 1.4-6.6 1.0-2.5 1.0-3.5 C 18.3 ND ND-0.2 ND-0.2 C 20.0 ND ND-0.2 ND-0.2 C 20.1 ND-0.2 ND-0.1 ND-0.2 C
• the transesterification reaction is carried out in presence of basic catalysts, preferably chosen between sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium or potassium methylate, sodium or potassium carbonate, mixed carbonates of sodium and methyl, or potassium and methyl.
• basic catalysts preferably chosen between sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium or potassium methylate, sodium or potassium carbonate, mixed carbonates of sodium and methyl, or potassium and methyl.
• the last ones can be obtained bubbling CO 2 in a solution of sodium or potassium chloride dissolved in methanol.
• the transesterification reaction is carried out at the alcohol boiling temperature and the alcohol and catalyst quantities are function of the composition of the vegetable oil to esterify.
• the used process allows the reaction completeness and then the absence of free fatty acids in the final product. Moreover the synthesized ester is nearly free of free glycerol and alcohol.
• the present invention composition is particularly useful as descaling and lubricating agent, especially for mechanical parts, more in particular for mechanical parts of diesel engines, on which scales and/or deposits of different kind are present.
• the above-mentioned scales can be of different kind, i.e. rust, powders, carbonaceous residuals, asphaltenes, soot.
• the present invention compositions can be used as such or diluted with hydrocarbon diluents as diesel, petrol, naphtha. It is preferable that the above-mentioned diluents will lead to homogeneous mixtures once blended with the present invention compositions. In the case that the esters of the present invention compositions arc used diluted with hydrocarbon diluents, it is preferable that the weight ratio between the esters compositions and the hydrocarbon diluent will not be lower than 5/95 weight/weight, preferably 20/80.
• the present invention compositions work placing the scaled parts in contact with the present invention compositions (as such or diluted) for the time necessary to restore the functionality of the above-mentioned mechanical parts. Obviously, this time will be function of the scales quantity and type and of the dilution degree of the present invention composition.
• the present invention compositions can be added to the feed oil of diesel engines, particularly with the purpose of cleaning the injectors and the feeding system.
• the ester composition of the present invention will preferably be contained in a quantity of at least 0.05% by weight, more preferably of at least 0.1% by weight compared with the diesel oil weight.
• Example 1 refers to a typical esterification of the Babassu oil, while examples 2-6 refer to applications of the esterified product obtained in the example 1.
• the system is brought at 64°C and is kept under agitation for 1 hour.
• the lower part is left in the reactor, the upper part containing the esters, part of the methanol, the catalyst and also a glycerine quote is submitted to 60° C water extraction.
• the hydrophilic part contains glycerine, water, methanol and catalyst.
• the hydrophobic part contains esters, traces of methanol and water.
• the methanol is stripped under vacuum and then recuperated.
• Solution The nozzle has been removed and completely submerged in about 10 ml of the product in object. Recovered and dried after some hours, the nozzle resulted completely cleaned from scales and the micro holes resulted completely descaled. Before the use of the product in object there were no solution known able to recover the part that was substituted with a new one.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

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Cited By (2)

Citations (5)

• 2008
  • 2008-10-10 EP EP08017792A patent/EP2175010A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (5)

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