EP2173989A1 - Device for directly measuring on a piston the effective volumetric ratio of a variable compression ratio engine - Google Patents

Device for directly measuring on a piston the effective volumetric ratio of a variable compression ratio engine

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Publication number
EP2173989A1
EP2173989A1 EP08805485A EP08805485A EP2173989A1 EP 2173989 A1 EP2173989 A1 EP 2173989A1 EP 08805485 A EP08805485 A EP 08805485A EP 08805485 A EP08805485 A EP 08805485A EP 2173989 A1 EP2173989 A1 EP 2173989A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
engine
compression ratio
piston
target
cylinder
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP08805485A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2173989B1 (en
Inventor
Vianney Rabhi
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP2173989A1 publication Critical patent/EP2173989A1/en
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Publication of EP2173989B1 publication Critical patent/EP2173989B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/048—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of a variable crank stroke length
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/047—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft with rack and pinion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating or supervising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
    • F02D15/02—Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for measuring directly on the piston the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine which comprises at least one sensor fixed on the cylinder block of said engine which detects the passage of at least one target secured to the piston of said engine, said sensor cooperating with at least one angular position sensor of the crankshaft of said engine, and a computer.
  • the mechanical transmission device for variable compression ratio engine comprises a piston secured in its lower part of a transmission member cooperating on the one hand with a device rolling guide, and secondly with a toothed wheel secured to a connecting rod for transmitting the movement between said piston and said connecting rod.
  • the mechanical transmission device for variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one cylinder in which moves a piston which is secured in its lower part, an organ transmission cooperating on the one hand by means of a small rack with a rolling guide device, and on the other hand by means of another rack of large dimension with a toothed wheel secured to a connecting rod.
  • Said mechanical transmission device for variable compression ratio engine also comprises at least one control rack cooperating with the gear wheel, means for fixing the piston on the transmission member which provide a clamping preload, connecting means which make it possible to stiffen the teeth of the racks, and means for reinforcing and lightening the structure of the toothed wheel.
  • variable compression ratio engine comprises more moving parts than that of a conventional engine with a variable compression ratio.
  • fixed compression This feature extends the chain of dimensions on which depends the position of the piston relative to the cylinder head.
  • variable compression ratio engine Taking into account the large number of moving parts of the variable compression ratio engine, the sum of the functional clearances between said parts, differential expansions between said parts which are subjected to variable operating temperatures, wearings and matings which may be subject to the contact surfaces of said parts during the life of said engine, it is not possible to guarantee that the value of the volumetric ratio of said engine reported by a sensor which measures the position of the control rack of said engine corresponds to the effective volumetric ratio said engine.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to measure the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder of the variable compression ratio engine directly on the piston while the latter performs an alternative translatory movement in said cylinder.
  • the device allows, from the capture of two signals and a calculation performed by a computer, to inform the management system of the variable compression ratio engine on the effective altitude of the piston to Top Dead Center (TDC) with respect to the cylinder head of said engine.
  • TDC Top Dead Center
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to significantly improve the reliability of the measurement of the effective volumetric ratio of said engine in that:
  • the direct measurement on the piston of the variable compression ratio engine of the altitude of said piston during the operation of said engine makes it possible to reduce the errors induced by the inhomogeneities of expansion of the various components of said engine, said inhomogeneities of expansion leading to a difference between the position of the piston at Top Dead Center
  • the direct measurement on the piston of the variable compression ratio engine of the altitude of said piston during the operation of said engine makes it possible to reduce the errors induced by the wear, the matting or the deformation of the various components of said engine, said wear, said matting or said deformation being able to lead to a difference between the position of the piston at the Top Dead Center (TDC) of said engine calculated from the position of the control rack measured by means of a sensor directly implanted on said rack, and the effective position of the piston at the Top Dead Center (TDC) of said engine on which depends the actual volumetric ratio of said engine.
  • TDC Top Dead Center
  • the device according to the invention provides for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of said engine operating directly on the piston of said engine, which allows:
  • said rattling can occur if a too high volumetric ratio has been implemented on the engine with a variable compression ratio because of a measurement of the volumetric ratio of said unrepresentative engine the actual volumetric ratio of said engine, said pinging being able to damage said engine; • Optimize the efficiency of the engine with a variable compression ratio thanks to a more reliable measurement of the effective compression ratio and which makes it possible to get closer to the knock limit without reaching it.
  • the device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one target passage sensor fixed on the cylinder block and located under the running surface of the synchronized roller of a rolling guide device which detects the passage of at least one target located on a transmission member integral with the piston of said engine, said target passage sensor cooperating with at least one angular position sensor crankshaft said engine, and a calculator.
  • the device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises a target which is placed on the face of the transmission member which comprises a small rack .
  • the device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises a target which consists of a hole or the like formed in the transmission member.
  • the device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises a target which consists of a pin or the like integral with the transmission member.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the main components of the device for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to a variant of the invention, and their positioning in the engine at variable compression ratio.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 90 for measuring directly on the piston 2 the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine.
  • the variable compression ratio engine comprises a mechanical transmission device 1 comprising in the lower part of the piston 2 a transmission 3 secured to said piston and cooperating, on the one hand with a rolling guide device 4, and on the other hand with a toothed wheel 5.
  • the toothed wheel 5 cooperates with a connecting rod 6 connected to a crankshaft 9 in order to carry out the transmission of the movement between the piston 2 and said crankshaft 9.
  • the toothed wheel 5 cooperates opposite the transmission member 3 with a control rack 7 whose vertical position relative to the cylinder block 100 is controlled by a control device 12 comprising a control cylinder 8, the piston of which of cylinder 13 is guided in a cylinder cylinder 112 arranged in the cylinder block 100.
  • the control cylinder 8 consists of an upper cylinder rod 10, a lower cylinder rod 16, a piston cylinder 13 and a control rod 20.
  • the transmission member 3 secured to the piston 2 is provided on one of its faces with a first rack of large dimension 35 whose teeth 34 cooperate with those 51 of the toothed wheel 5 .
  • the transmission member 3 comprises, opposite the first rack 35, a second rack 37 whose teeth 38 of small dimensions cooperate with those of a roller 40 of the rolling guide device 4.
  • the cylinder block 100 is secured to a support 41 comprising racks 46 ensuring the synchronization of the displacement of the roller 40 of the rolling guide device 4 with that of the piston 2.
  • the device 90 for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises at least one target passage sensor 91 fixed on the cylinder block 100.
  • the device 90 for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one target 92 secured to the piston 2.
  • the target passage sensor 91 is provided to detect the passage of the target 92 secured to the piston 2.
  • the device 90 for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one angular position sensor of the crankshaft 93, and at least one calculator 94.
  • the target passage sensor 91 is provided to cooperate with the angular position sensor of the crankshaft 93 and the computer 94.
  • the target passage sensor 91 is located under the running surface of the synchronized roller 40 of the rolling guide device 4 of the variable compression ratio engine.
  • the target 92, integral with the piston 2 is located on the transmission member 3 of the mechanical transmission device 1 of the variable compression ratio engine.
  • the target 92 is placed on the face of the transmission member 3 which comprises the small-sized rack 37 and opposite the teeth 34 of the first large rack 35.
  • the target 92 may consist of a hole or the like formed in the transmission member 3.
  • the target 92 may consist of a pin or the like integral with the transmission member 3.
  • the target passage sensor 91 attached to the cylinder block 100 is based on the principle of the Hall effect.
  • the target passage sensor 91 may consist of a coil cyclically traversed by an electric current to detect the passage of the target 92, said current flowing through said coil when the target 92 passes in front of said coil, said target 92 being made of a material that creates a magnetic field.
  • the target passage sensor 91 may consist of two superimposed coils defining a miniature electric current transformer, the current transformation ratio making it possible to detect the passage of the target 92, said target being constituted by a magnetic material.
  • the target passage sensor 91 may be optical detection, capacitive type, or any other type known to those skilled in the art.
  • the target 92 secured to the piston 2 passes in front of the target passage sensor 91 at each rise and each descent of said piston 2 in its cylinder 110.
  • the computer 94 When said target 92 passes in front of said target passage sensor 91, the corresponding signal is received by the computer 94 which records - via a signal transmitted by the angular position sensor of the crankshaft 93 - the position angular of the crankshaft 9 corresponding to the passage of said target 92, in front of the target passage sensor 91.
  • each cylinder 110 of the variable compression ratio engine is placed, on assembly, each cylinder 110 of the variable compression ratio engine to a known volumetric ratio and found by means of a suitable metrology or by any other means.
  • the motor is rotated and the computer 94 can definitively establish the relation that there is for each cylinder 110 of said engine between the volumetric ratio of said cylinder 110, the point of passage of the target 92 of the piston 2 of said cylinder 110 in front of the target passage sensor 91, and the angular position of the crankshaft 9 of said engine.
  • the computer 94 can calculate at any time the effective volumetric ratio of each cylinder 110.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder in a variable compression-ratio engine, that comprises at least one target passage sensor (91) attached on the cylinder casing (100) and detecting the passage of at least one target (92) connected to the piston (2) of said engine, said target passage sensor interacting with at least one angular position sensor of the crankshaft (93) of said engine, and one calculator (94).

Description

DISPOSITIF PERMETTANT DE MESURER DIRECTEMENT SUR LE PISTON LE DEVICE FOR MEASURING DIRECTLY ON THE PISTON
RAPPORT VOLUMÉTRIQUE EFFECTIF D'UN MOTEUR A TAUX DEEFFECTIVE VOLUMETRIC RATIO OF A MOTOR AT RATE OF
COMPRESSION VARIABLEVARIABLE COMPRESSION
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif permettant de mesurer directement sur le piston le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable qui comprend au moins un capteur fixé sur le carter cylindre dudit moteur qui détecte le passage d'au moins une cible solidaire du piston dudit moteur, ledit capteur coopérant avec au moins un capteur de position angulaire du vilebrequin dudit moteur, et un calculateur.The present invention relates to a device for measuring directly on the piston the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine which comprises at least one sensor fixed on the cylinder block of said engine which detects the passage of at least one target secured to the piston of said engine, said sensor cooperating with at least one angular position sensor of the crankshaft of said engine, and a computer.
On connaît, d'après les brevets internationaux WO98/51911 , WO00/31377, WO03/008783 appartenant au demandeur, différents dispositifs mécaniques pour moteur à cylindrée variable.It is known from international patents WO98 / 51911, WO00 / 31377, WO03 / 008783 belonging to the applicant, various mechanical devices for variable displacement motor.
On remarque que le brevet international WO98/51911 au nom du demandeur décrit un dispositif servant à améliorer le rendement global des moteurs à combustion interne à pistons utilisés à charge et régime variables par adaptation en marche de leur cylindrée effective et/ou de leur rapport volumétrique. Ce type de moteur étant connu de l'homme de l'art sous la dénomination « moteur à taux de compression variable », cette dénomination sera retenue dans le texte qui suit.Note that the international patent WO98 / 51911 in the name of the applicant describes a device for improving the overall efficiency of piston internal combustion engines used at variable load and speed by adaptation in operation of their effective displacement and / or their volumetric ratio . As this type of engine is known to those skilled in the art under the name "variable compression ratio engine", this name will be retained in the text that follows.
On constate que selon le brevet international WO00/31377 au nom du demandeur, le dispositif de transmission mécanique pour moteur à taux de compression variable comprend un piston solidaire dans sa partie inférieure d'un organe de transmission coopérant d'une part avec un dispositif de guidage à roulement, et d'autre part avec une roue dentée solidaire d'une bielle permettant de réaliser la transmission du mouvement entre ledit piston et ladite bielle.It is noted that according to the international patent WO00 / 31377 in the name of the applicant, the mechanical transmission device for variable compression ratio engine comprises a piston secured in its lower part of a transmission member cooperating on the one hand with a device rolling guide, and secondly with a toothed wheel secured to a connecting rod for transmitting the movement between said piston and said connecting rod.
On note que selon le brevet international WO03/008783 au nom du demandeur le dispositif de transmission mécanique pour moteur à taux de compression variable comprend au moins un cylindre dans lequel se déplace un piston qui est solidaire, dans sa partie inférieure, d'un organe de transmission coopérant d'une part au moyen d'une crémaillère de faible dimension avec un dispositif de guidage à roulement, et d'autre part au moyen d'une autre crémaillère de forte dimension avec une roue dentée solidaire d'une bielle.It is noted that according to the international patent WO03 / 008783 in the name of the applicant the mechanical transmission device for variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one cylinder in which moves a piston which is secured in its lower part, an organ transmission cooperating on the one hand by means of a small rack with a rolling guide device, and on the other hand by means of another rack of large dimension with a toothed wheel secured to a connecting rod.
Ledit dispositif de transmission mécanique pour moteur à taux de compression variable comprend également au moins une crémaillère de commande coopérant avec la roue dentée, des moyens de fixation du piston sur l'organe de transmission qui offrent une précontrainte de serrage, des moyens de liaison qui permettent de rigidifier les dents des crémaillères, et des moyens de renforcement et d'allégement de la structure de la roue dentée.Said mechanical transmission device for variable compression ratio engine also comprises at least one control rack cooperating with the gear wheel, means for fixing the piston on the transmission member which provide a clamping preload, connecting means which make it possible to stiffen the teeth of the racks, and means for reinforcing and lightening the structure of the toothed wheel.
On observe que selon les brevets internationaux WO98/51911 et PCT/FR2007/000149, le taux de compression du moteur à taux de compression variable est réglé au moyen d'un vérin hydraulique de commande dont le déplacement est assuré par les efforts résultant de l'inertie des pièces en mouvement et de la pression des gaz du moteur qui sont appliqués à la crémaillère de commande dont ledit vérin est solidaire. On note que selon les brevets WO98/51911 , WO2005/098219 et FR N°06/00708, un capteur peut être prévu pour mesurer la position de la crémaillère de commande du moteur à taux de compression variable afin de renseigner le calculateur de gestion dudit moteur sur la position de ladite crémaillère de commande.It is observed that according to the international patents WO98 / 51911 and PCT / FR2007 / 000149, the compression ratio of the variable compression ratio engine is regulated by means of a hydraulic control cylinder whose displacement is ensured by the forces resulting from the inertia of the moving parts and the pressure of the engine gases which are applied to the control rack of which said cylinder is integral. It is noted that according to the patents WO98 / 51911, WO2005 / 098219 and FR No. 06/00708, a sensor may be provided for measuring the position of the control rack of the variable compression ratio engine to inform the management computer of said motor on the position of said control rack.
On remarque, dans l'ensemble des demandes de brevets et brevets d'invention précités au nom du demandeur, que le système de transmission de puissance du moteur à taux de compression variable comporte davantage de pièces mobiles que celui d'un moteur classique à taux de compression fixe. Cette particularité rallonge la chaîne de cotes dont dépend la position du piston par rapport à la culasse.It should be noted, in all of the above-mentioned patent applications and patents on behalf of the applicant, that the power transmission system of the variable compression ratio engine comprises more moving parts than that of a conventional engine with a variable compression ratio. fixed compression. This feature extends the chain of dimensions on which depends the position of the piston relative to the cylinder head.
On note toutefois que la demande de brevet en France N°u6/00708 au nom du demandeur décrit un dispositif de réglage initial du taux de compression cylindre par cylindre, applicable au moteur à taux de compression variable notamment lors de son montage, et qui permet de minimiser les dispersions de taux de compression entre les cylindres d'un même moteur.However, it is noted that the French patent application No. U6 / 00708 in the name of the applicant describes an initial adjustment device of the compression ratio cylinder by cylinder, applicable to the variable compression ratio engine, especially during its assembly, and which allows to minimize the compression ratio dispersions between the cylinders of the same engine.
Tenant compte du nombre important de pièces mobiles du moteur à taux de compression variable, de la somme des jeux fonctionnels entre lesdites pièces, des dilatations différentielles entre lesdites pièces qui sont soumises à des températures de fonctionnement variables, des usures et matages auxquels sont possiblement soumises les surfaces de contact des dites pièces durant la vie dudit moteur, il n'est pas possible de garantir que la valeur du rapport volumétrique dudit moteur rapportée par un capteur qui mesure la position de la crémaillère de commande dudit moteur correspond bien au rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur.Taking into account the large number of moving parts of the variable compression ratio engine, the sum of the functional clearances between said parts, differential expansions between said parts which are subjected to variable operating temperatures, wearings and matings which may be subject to the contact surfaces of said parts during the life of said engine, it is not possible to guarantee that the value of the volumetric ratio of said engine reported by a sensor which measures the position of the control rack of said engine corresponds to the effective volumetric ratio said engine.
C'est pour résoudre ce problème que le dispositif selon l'invention permet de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre du moteur à taux de compression variable directement sur le piston alors que ce dernier effectue un mouvement de translation alternatif dans ledit cylindre.It is to solve this problem that the device according to the invention makes it possible to measure the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder of the variable compression ratio engine directly on the piston while the latter performs an alternative translatory movement in said cylinder.
A ce titre, le dispositif selon l'invention permet, à partir du captage de deux signaux et d'un calcul effectué par un calculateur, de renseigner le système de gestion du moteur à taux de compression variable sur l'altitude effective du piston au Point Mort Haut (PMH) par rapport à la culasse dudit moteur.As such, the device according to the invention allows, from the capture of two signals and a calculation performed by a computer, to inform the management system of the variable compression ratio engine on the effective altitude of the piston to Top Dead Center (TDC) with respect to the cylinder head of said engine.
Ainsi, le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'améliorer dans d'importantes proportions la fiabilité de la mesure du rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur en ce que : - La mesure directe sur le piston du moteur à taux de compression variable de l'altitude dudit piston durant le fonctionnement dudit moteur permet de réduire les erreurs induites par les inhomogénéités de dilatation des différents composants dudit moteur, lesdites inhomogénéités de dilatation conduisant à une différence entre la position du piston au Point Mort HautThus, the device according to the invention makes it possible to significantly improve the reliability of the measurement of the effective volumetric ratio of said engine in that: The direct measurement on the piston of the variable compression ratio engine of the altitude of said piston during the operation of said engine makes it possible to reduce the errors induced by the inhomogeneities of expansion of the various components of said engine, said inhomogeneities of expansion leading to a difference between the position of the piston at Top Dead Center
(PMH) dudit moteur calculée à partir de la position de la crémaillère de commande mesurée au moyen d'un capteur directement implanté sur ladite crémaillère, et la position effective du piston au Point Mort Haut (PMH) dudit moteur dont dépend le rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur.(PMH) of said engine calculated from the position of the control rack measured by means of a sensor directly implanted on said rack, and the actual position of the piston at the Top Dead Center (TDC) of said engine on which the effective volumetric ratio depends said engine.
- La mesure directe sur le piston du moteur à taux de compression variable de l'altitude dudit piston durant le fonctionnement dudit moteur permet de réduire les erreurs induites par les variations de jeu de fonctionnement entre les différents composants dudit moteur, lesdites variations de jeu conduisant à une différence entre la position du piston au Point Mort HautThe direct measurement on the piston of the variable compression ratio engine of the altitude of said piston during the operation of said engine makes it possible to reduce the errors induced by the variations of the operating clearance between the various components of said engine, said variations of clearance leading to at a difference between the position of the piston at Top Dead Center
(PMH) dudit moteur calculée à partir de la position de la crémaillère de commande mesurée au moyen d'un capteur directement implanté sur ladite crémaillère, et la position effective du piston au Point Mort Haut (PMH) dudit moteur dont dépend le rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur.(PMH) of said engine calculated from the position of the control rack measured by means of a sensor directly implanted on said rack, and the actual position of the piston at the Top Dead Center (TDC) of said engine on which the effective volumetric ratio depends said engine.
- La mesure directe sur le piston du moteur à taux de compression variable de l'altitude dudit piston durant le fonctionnement dudit moteur permet de réduire les erreurs induites par l'usure, le matage ou la déformation des différents composants dudit moteur, ladite usure, ledit matage ou ladite déformation pouvant conduire à une différence entre la position du piston au Point Mort Haut (PMH) dudit moteur calculée à partir de la position de la crémaillère de commande mesurée au moyen d'un capteur directement implanté sur ladite crémaillère, et la position effective du piston au Point Mort Haut (PMH) dudit moteur dont dépend le rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur.The direct measurement on the piston of the variable compression ratio engine of the altitude of said piston during the operation of said engine makes it possible to reduce the errors induced by the wear, the matting or the deformation of the various components of said engine, said wear, said matting or said deformation being able to lead to a difference between the position of the piston at the Top Dead Center (TDC) of said engine calculated from the position of the control rack measured by means of a sensor directly implanted on said rack, and the effective position of the piston at the Top Dead Center (TDC) of said engine on which depends the actual volumetric ratio of said engine.
C'est donc pour rendre plus fiable et plus précise la mesure du rapport volumétrique du moteur à taux de compression variable que le dispositif selon l'invention prévoit de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur en fonctionnement directement sur le piston dudit moteur, ce qui permet :It is therefore to make more reliable and more precise the measurement of the volumetric ratio of the variable compression ratio engine that the device according to the invention provides for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of said engine operating directly on the piston of said engine, which allows:
• De réduire de façon significative les incertitudes liées à Ia mesure du rapport volumétrique effectif du moteur à taux de compression variable, que lesdites incertitudes soient liées à des dilatations inhomogènes ou à une modification des jeux fonctionnels et des dimensions des pièces mobiles dudit moteur ;• To significantly reduce the uncertainties related to the measurement of the effective compression ratio of the variable compression ratio engine, that said uncertainties are related to inhomogeneous expansions or to a modification of the functional clearances and the dimensions of the moving parts of said engine;
• De réduire les risques de cliquetis caractéristique d'une combustion anormale, ledit cliquetis pouvant survenir si un rapport volumétrique trop élevé a été mis en œuvre sur le moteur à taux de compression variable à cause d'une mesure du rapport volumétrique dudit moteur non représentative du rapport volumétrique effectif dudit moteur, ledit cliquetis pouvant endommager ledit moteur ; • D'optimiser le rendement du moteur à taux de compression variable grâce à une mesure du rapport volumétrique effectif plus fiable et qui permet de se rapprocher de la limite du cliquetis sans toutefois l'atteindre.• To reduce the risk of rattling characteristic of an abnormal combustion, said rattling can occur if a too high volumetric ratio has been implemented on the engine with a variable compression ratio because of a measurement of the volumetric ratio of said unrepresentative engine the actual volumetric ratio of said engine, said pinging being able to damage said engine; • Optimize the efficiency of the engine with a variable compression ratio thanks to a more reliable measurement of the effective compression ratio and which makes it possible to get closer to the knock limit without reaching it.
Le dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la présente invention comprend au moins un capteur de passage de cible fixé sur le carter cylindre et situé sous la surface de roulement du rouleau synchronisé d'un dispositif de guidage à roulement qui détecte le passage d'au moins une cible située sur un organe de transmission solidaire du piston dudit moteur, ledit capteur de passage de cible coopérant avec au moins un capteur de position angulaire de vilebrequin dudit moteur, et un calculateur. Le dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la présente invention comprend une cible qui est placée sur la face de l'organe de transmission qui comporte une crémaillère de faible dimension. Le dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la présente invention comprend une cible qui est constituée d'un trou ou analogue ménagé dans l'organe de transmission. Le dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la présente invention comprend une cible qui est constituée d'un pion ou analogue solidaire de l'organe de transmission. La description qui va suivre en regard du dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer.The device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises at least one target passage sensor fixed on the cylinder block and located under the running surface of the synchronized roller of a rolling guide device which detects the passage of at least one target located on a transmission member integral with the piston of said engine, said target passage sensor cooperating with at least one angular position sensor crankshaft said engine, and a calculator. The device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises a target which is placed on the face of the transmission member which comprises a small rack . The device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises a target which consists of a hole or the like formed in the transmission member. The device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises a target which consists of a pin or the like integral with the transmission member. The following description with reference to the accompanying drawing, given by way of non-limiting example, will provide a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics it has and the advantages it is likely to provide.
Figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique illustrant les principaux composants du dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable selon une variante de l'invention, et leur positionnement dans le moteur à taux de compression variable.Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the main components of the device for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to a variant of the invention, and their positioning in the engine at variable compression ratio.
DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTION :DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
On a montré en figure 1 un dispositif 90 permettant de mesurer directement sur le piston 2 le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre 110 d'un moteur à taux de compression variable. Selon les demandes de brevet et brevet d'invention appartenant au demandeur le moteur à taux de compression variable comprend un dispositif de transmission mécanique 1 comportant dans la partie inférieure du piston 2 un organe de transmission 3 solidaire dudit piston et coopérant, d'une part avec un dispositif de guidage à roulement 4, et d'autre part avec une roue dentée 5.FIG. 1 shows a device 90 for measuring directly on the piston 2 the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine. According to the applicant's patent applications and patent application, the variable compression ratio engine comprises a mechanical transmission device 1 comprising in the lower part of the piston 2 a transmission 3 secured to said piston and cooperating, on the one hand with a rolling guide device 4, and on the other hand with a toothed wheel 5.
La roue dentée 5 coopère avec une bielle 6 reliée à un vilebrequin 9 afin de réaliser la transmission du mouvement entre le piston 2 et ledit vilebrequin 9.The toothed wheel 5 cooperates with a connecting rod 6 connected to a crankshaft 9 in order to carry out the transmission of the movement between the piston 2 and said crankshaft 9.
La roue dentée 5 coopère à l'opposé de l'organe de transmission 3 avec une crémaillère de commande 7 dont la position verticale par rapport au carter cylindre 100 est pilotée par un dispositif de contrôle 12 comportant un vérin de commande 8, dont le piston de vérin 13 est guidé dans un cylindre de vérin 112 aménagé dans le carter cylindre 100. Le vérin de commande 8 est constitué d'une tige supérieure de vérin 10, d'une tige inférieure de vérin 16, d'un piston de vérin 13 et d'une tige de contrôle 20. L'organe de transmission 3 solidaire du piston 2 est pourvu sur l'une de ses faces d'une première crémaillère de forte dimension 35 dont les dents 34 coopèrent avec celles 51 de la roue dentée 5.The toothed wheel 5 cooperates opposite the transmission member 3 with a control rack 7 whose vertical position relative to the cylinder block 100 is controlled by a control device 12 comprising a control cylinder 8, the piston of which of cylinder 13 is guided in a cylinder cylinder 112 arranged in the cylinder block 100. The control cylinder 8 consists of an upper cylinder rod 10, a lower cylinder rod 16, a piston cylinder 13 and a control rod 20. The transmission member 3 secured to the piston 2 is provided on one of its faces with a first rack of large dimension 35 whose teeth 34 cooperate with those 51 of the toothed wheel 5 .
L'organe de transmission 3 comporte, à l'opposé de la première crémaillère 35, une seconde crémaillère 37 dont les dents 38 de faible dimension coopèrent avec celles d'un rouleau 40 du dispositif de guidage à roulement 4.The transmission member 3 comprises, opposite the first rack 35, a second rack 37 whose teeth 38 of small dimensions cooperate with those of a roller 40 of the rolling guide device 4.
Le carter cylindre 100 est solidaire d'un support 41 comportant des crémaillères 46 assurant la synchronisation du déplacement du rouleau 40 du dispositif de guidage à roulement 4 avec celui du piston 2.The cylinder block 100 is secured to a support 41 comprising racks 46 ensuring the synchronization of the displacement of the roller 40 of the rolling guide device 4 with that of the piston 2.
Le dispositif 90 permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre 110 d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la présente invention comprend au moins un capteur de passage de cible 91 fixé sur le carter cylindre 100.The device 90 for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine according to the present invention comprises at least one target passage sensor 91 fixed on the cylinder block 100.
Le dispositif 90 permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre 110 d'un moteur à taux de compression variable comprend au moins une cible 92 solidaire du piston 2. Le capteur de passage de cible 91 est prévu pour détecter le passage de la cible 92 solidaire du piston 2.The device 90 for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one target 92 secured to the piston 2. The target passage sensor 91 is provided to detect the passage of the target 92 secured to the piston 2.
Le dispositif 90 permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre 110 d'un moteur à taux de compression variable comprend au moins un capteur de position angulaire du vilebrequin 93, et au moins un calculateur 94.The device 90 for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of a variable compression ratio engine comprises at least one angular position sensor of the crankshaft 93, and at least one calculator 94.
Le capteur de passage de cible 91 est prévu pour coopérer avec le capteur de position angulaire du vilebrequin 93 et le calculateur 94.The target passage sensor 91 is provided to cooperate with the angular position sensor of the crankshaft 93 and the computer 94.
Le capteur de passage de cible 91 est situé sous la surface de roulement du rouleau synchronisé 40 du dispositif de guidage à roulement 4 du moteur à taux de compression variable. La cible 92, solidaire du piston 2, est située sur l'organe de transmission 3 du dispositif de transmission mécanique 1 du moteur à taux de compression variable.The target passage sensor 91 is located under the running surface of the synchronized roller 40 of the rolling guide device 4 of the variable compression ratio engine. The target 92, integral with the piston 2, is located on the transmission member 3 of the mechanical transmission device 1 of the variable compression ratio engine.
La cible 92 est placée sur la face de l'organe de transmission 3 qui comporte la crémaillère de faible dimension 37 et à l'opposé des dents 34 de la première crémaillère de forte dimension 35.The target 92 is placed on the face of the transmission member 3 which comprises the small-sized rack 37 and opposite the teeth 34 of the first large rack 35.
La cible 92 peut être constituée d'un trou ou analogue ménagé dans l'organe de transmission 3.The target 92 may consist of a hole or the like formed in the transmission member 3.
Egalement, la cible 92 peut être constituée d'un pion ou analogue solidaire de l'organe de transmission 3.Also, the target 92 may consist of a pin or the like integral with the transmission member 3.
Le capteur de passage de cible 91 fixé sur le carter cylindre 100 est basé sur le principe de l'effet « Hall ».The target passage sensor 91 attached to the cylinder block 100 is based on the principle of the Hall effect.
En variante, le capteur de passage de cible 91 peut être constitué d'une bobine cycliquement traversée par un courant électrique permettant de détecter le passage de la cible 92, ledit courant traversant ladite bobine lorsque la cible 92 passe devant ladite bobine, ladite cible 92 étant constituée d'un matériau qui crée un champ magnétique.Alternatively, the target passage sensor 91 may consist of a coil cyclically traversed by an electric current to detect the passage of the target 92, said current flowing through said coil when the target 92 passes in front of said coil, said target 92 being made of a material that creates a magnetic field.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation le capteur de passage de cible 91 peut être constitué de deux bobines superposées définissant un transformateur de courant électrique miniature, le rapport de transformation du courant permettant de détecter le passage de la cible 92, ladite cible étant constituée d'un matériau magnétique.According to another embodiment, the target passage sensor 91 may consist of two superimposed coils defining a miniature electric current transformer, the current transformation ratio making it possible to detect the passage of the target 92, said target being constituted by a magnetic material.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le capteur de passage de cible 91 peut être à détection optique, de type capacitif, ou de tout autre type connu de l'homme de l'art.According to another embodiment, the target passage sensor 91 may be optical detection, capacitive type, or any other type known to those skilled in the art.
FONCTIONNEMENT : Le fonctionnement du dispositif 90 permettant de mesurer directement sur le piston 2 le rapport voiumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre 110 du moteur à taux de compression variable est le suivant :OPERATION: The operation of the device 90 for measuring directly on the piston 2 the effective optical ratio of at least one cylinder 110 of the variable compression ratio engine is as follows:
Lorsque le moteur à taux de compression variable fonctionne, le piston 2 effectue des allers retours entre son Point Mort Haut (PMH) et son Point Mort Bas (PMB).When the variable compression ratio engine is running, the piston 2 goes back and forth between its High Dead Point (TDC) and its Low Dead Point (TDC).
A ce titre, la cible 92 solidaire du piston 2 passe devant le capteur de passage de cible 91 à chaque montée et à chaque descente dudit piston 2 dans son cylindre 110.As such, the target 92 secured to the piston 2 passes in front of the target passage sensor 91 at each rise and each descent of said piston 2 in its cylinder 110.
Lorsque ladite cible 92 passe devant ledit capteur de passage de cible 91 , le signal correspondant est reçu par le calculateur 94 qui enregistre - via un signal transmis par le capteur de position angulaire de vilebrequin 93 - la position angulaire du vilebrequin 9 correspondant au passage de ladite cible 92, devant le capteur de passage de cible 91.When said target 92 passes in front of said target passage sensor 91, the corresponding signal is received by the computer 94 which records - via a signal transmitted by the angular position sensor of the crankshaft 93 - the position angular of the crankshaft 9 corresponding to the passage of said target 92, in front of the target passage sensor 91.
La position de la cible 92 par rapport à la calotte du piston 2, la position du capteur de passage de cible 91 par rapport à la culasse, non représentée, et la loi de variation de l'altitude du piston 2 en fonction de la position angulaire du vilebrequin 9 ayant été préalablement enregistrées dans la mémoire du calculateur 94, ledit calculateur peut déterminer la position de la calotte de pistonThe position of the target 92 with respect to the cap of the piston 2, the position of the target passage sensor 91 with respect to the yoke, not shown, and the law of variation of the altitude of the piston 2 as a function of the position angular crankshaft 9 having been previously stored in the memory of the computer 94, said calculator can determine the position of the piston crown
2 par rapport à la culasse lorsque le piston 2 aura atteint son Point Mort Haut (PMH), et donc, le rapport volumétrique effectif du moteur.2 with respect to the cylinder head when the piston 2 has reached its High Dead Point (TDC), and therefore, the actual volumetric ratio of the engine.
On note que plutôt que de mesurer et d'enregistrer la distance entre la calotte de piston 2 et la cible 92, et celle entre le capteur de passage de cible 91 et la culasse, une solution simple consiste à placer, au montage, chaque cylindre 110 du moteur à taux de compression variable à un rapport volumétrique connu et constaté au moyen d'une métrologie adaptée ou par tout autre moyen.It is noted that rather than measuring and recording the distance between the piston cap 2 and the target 92, and that between the target passage sensor 91 and the cylinder head, a simple solution is to place, on assembly, each cylinder 110 of the variable compression ratio engine to a known volumetric ratio and found by means of a suitable metrology or by any other means.
Une fois chaque cylindre 110 dudit moteur placé audit rapport volumétrique connu, le moteur est mis en rotation et le calculateur 94 peut établir de façon définitive la relation qu'il y a pour chaque cylindre 110 dudit moteur entre le rapport volumétrique dudit cylindre 110, le point de passage de la cible 92 du piston 2 dudit cylindre 110 devant le capteur de passage de cible 91 , et la position angulaire du vilebrequin 9 dudit moteur. Une fois cette relation connue, le calculateur 94 peut calculer à tout moment le rapport volumétrique effectif de chaque cylindre 110.Once each cylinder 110 of said engine placed at said known volumetric ratio, the motor is rotated and the computer 94 can definitively establish the relation that there is for each cylinder 110 of said engine between the volumetric ratio of said cylinder 110, the point of passage of the target 92 of the piston 2 of said cylinder 110 in front of the target passage sensor 91, and the angular position of the crankshaft 9 of said engine. Once this relationship is known, the computer 94 can calculate at any time the effective volumetric ratio of each cylinder 110.
Il doit d'ailleurs être entendu que la description qui précède n'a été donnée qu'à titre d'exemple et qu'elle ne limite nullement le domaine de l'invention dont on ne sortirait pas en remplaçant les détails d'exécution décrits par tout autre équivalent. It must also be understood that the foregoing description has been given by way of example only and that it in no way limits the scope of the invention which could not be overcome by replacing the execution details described. by any other equivalent.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre (110) d'un moteur à taux de compression variable caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un capteur de passage de cible (91) fixé sur le carter cylindre (100) et situé sous la surface de roulement d'un rouleau synchronisé (40) d'un dispositif de guidage à roulement (4) qui détecte le passage d'au moins une cible (92) située sur un organe de transmission (3) solidaire du piston (2) dudit moteur, ledit capteur de passage de cible (91) coopérant avec au moins un capteur de position angulaire de vilebrequin (93) dudit moteur, et un calculateur (94). 1. Device for measuring the effective volumetric ratio of at least one cylinder (110) of a variable compression ratio engine characterized in that it comprises at least one target passage sensor (91) fixed on the housing cylinder (100) and located under the running surface of a synchronized roller (40) of a rolling guide device (4) which detects the passage of at least one target (92) on a transmission member ( 3) integral with the piston (2) of said engine, said target passage sensor (91) cooperating with at least one angular position sensor crankshaft (93) of said engine, and a computer (94).
2. Dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la cible (92) est placée sur la face de l'organe de transmission (3) qui comporte une crémaillère de faible dimension (37). 2. Device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the target (92) is placed on the face of the transmission member. (3) which comprises a small rack (37).
3. Dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la cible (92) est constituée d'un trou ou analogue ménagé dans l'organe de transmission (3). 3. Device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the target (92) consists of a hole or the like formed in the transmission member (3).
4. Dispositif permettant de mesurer le rapport volumétrique effectif d'au moins un cylindre d'un moteur à taux de compression variable suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cible (92) est constituée d'un pion ou analogue solidaire de l'organe de transmission (3). 4. Device for measuring the effective compression ratio of at least one cylinder of a variable compression ratio engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the target (92) consists of a pin or the like integral with the transmission member (3).
EP08805485.3A 2007-04-16 2008-04-16 Device for directly measuring on a piston the effective volumetric ratio of a variable compression ratio engine Active EP2173989B1 (en)

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FR0702731A FR2914950B1 (en) 2007-04-16 2007-04-16 DEVICE FOR MEASURING DIRECTLY ON THE PISTON THE EFFECTIVE VOLUMETRIC RATIO OF A VARIABLE COMPRESSION RATE MOTOR.
US90778407P 2007-04-17 2007-04-17
PCT/FR2008/000530 WO2008145837A1 (en) 2007-04-16 2008-04-16 Device for directly measuring on a piston the effective volumetric ratio of a variable compression ratio engine

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AU2008257318A1 (en) 2008-12-04
ES2527947T3 (en) 2015-02-02
FR2914950A1 (en) 2008-10-17
JP5167339B2 (en) 2013-03-21
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KR20090129518A (en) 2009-12-16
CA2681631C (en) 2014-07-29
KR101387809B1 (en) 2014-04-21
CA2681631A1 (en) 2008-12-04
AU2008257318B2 (en) 2011-12-22
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US20100107746A1 (en) 2010-05-06
EP2173989B1 (en) 2014-10-15

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