EP2173542B1 - Filling device for filling moulds with pourable moulding material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a filling device for filling molds with pourable molding material according to the preamble of claim 1.

For the production of stones, especially concrete blocks or sand-lime bricks, methods are known in which a starting material is filled by means of a filling in a mold of a stone molding machine or a stone press and is brought by means of press dies in a desired shape and compression and the pressed stone molding then back out of the Mold is removed and cured. Sand-lime bricks, for example, are prepared by pressing lime and siliceous sand in a press and then curing the briquettes under steam pressure to form a calcium hydrosilicate bond.

When filling the molds, the starting material, which is usually a pourable mixture of several different starting materials, must be filled as homogeneously and with a mass corresponding to the desired bulk density in the given volume of the mold cavity of the mold and possibly pre-compacted before. For the mass flow of the starting material gravity is usually exploited. It should be ensured for each production cycle or each of the stones to be formed one after the other, a uniform mass distribution of the filling material in the filling device and a segregation in the starting material to be minimized.

Out DE 21 56 796 B2 is a filling device for supported by a movable press table and by vertically movable mold stamp closed down molding boxes with molding compound, preferably made of sand and lime, known. The filling device is arranged above the displaceable press table and has a hopper of a detecting top hopper and a lower hopper, wherein the hopper extends to the press table and opposite the outlet opening of the hopper having a larger inlet opening. The hopper is located above the filling box and protrudes into the filling box. The molding box moves under the filling box and is thereby filled and then moves under a pressing station. The filling box is formed as a horizontally movable back and forth Rüttelkasten with obliquely downwardly issued side walls and has at least one vertical partition wall, which connects in the direction of movement of the Rüttelkastens walls together. By the shaking movement, the inclination of the side walls of the Rüttelkastens and by raising the forming dies in the molding box in filling position by a movable in the vertical direction lifting a uniform filling of all mold spaces in the molding box is achieved. In the DE 21 56 796 B2 the filling box itself is not moved to a filling position for filling the tools. The proposed Rüttelantrieb moves the filling only in a small shaking back and forth.

In US 6,474,371 B1 a powder feeder according to the preamble of claim 1 is described with a feed housing which can be moved over an opening of a cavity of a processing device and has a bottom surface in which an opening is provided, wherein within the feed housing a funnel for feeding the powder and a conveyor is provided for supplying the powder to the hopper.

Furthermore, the shows US 2002/0051726 A1 a powder supply apparatus comprising a supply container having a plurality of orifices and an impactor which is struck against the container to impart a pulse-like force thereon to introduce the powder from the container into a cavity of a nozzle.

Furthermore, it is known to use stirrers in the filling device to improve the filling.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a new filling device for filling molding tools with pourable molding material (or: starting material).

This object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1.

1. a) einen Füllkasten, der mit dem Formmaterial befüllbar ist oder zum Aufnehmen und/oder Transportieren des Formmaterial vorgesehen ist,
2. b) einen Füllwagen (oder: Füllschieber), an oder in dem der Füllkasten (3) über wenigstens ein flexibles Element, im Allgemeinen wenigstens drei flexible Elemente, flexibel gelagert ist,
3. c) wenigstens einen Oszillierantrieb, der an oder in dem Füllwagen angeordnet oder befestigt ist und den Füllkasten in einer Oszillierbewegung (relativ zum Füllwagen) antreibt, die durch die flexible Lagerung des Füllkastens an oder in dem Füllwagen über das oder die flexible(n) Element(e) ermöglicht ist oder unterstützt wird,
4. d) wenigstens einen Verfahrantrieb zum Verfahren des Füllwagens mit dem Füllkasten zumindest zwischen wenigstens einer Befüllungsposition zum Befüllen wenigstens eines Formwerkzeugs mit Formmaterial aus dem Füllkasten und einer Ladeposition zum Laden des Füllkastens mit neuem Formmaterial,
5. e) wenigstens einer Heizvorrichtung zum Beheizen des Füllkastens versehen, die insbesondere an oder in wenigstens einem Teilbereich der Kastenwandung des Füllkastens angeordnet ist.

The filling device according to claim 1 is suitable for filling of molds, in particular of stone forming machines or stone presses, with a pourable mold material and determines and includes

1. a) a filling box which can be filled with the molding material or is provided for receiving and / or transporting the molding material,
2. b) a filling carriage (or: filling slide) on or in which the filling box (3) is flexibly mounted via at least one flexible element, generally at least three flexible elements,
3. c) at least one oscillating drive, which is arranged or fixed on or in the filling carriage and the filling box in an oscillating movement (relative to the filling carriage) driven by the flexible storage of the filling box on or in the filling carriage on the one or more flexible (s) element (e) is enabled or supported,
4. d) at least one traversing drive for moving the filling carriage with the filling box at least between at least one filling position for filling at least one molding tool with molding material from the filling box and a loading position for loading the filling box with new molding material,
5. e) at least one heating device for heating the filling box provided, which is arranged in particular on or in at least a portion of the box wall of the filling box.

By means of the filling hopper movable and at the same time oscillating relative to the filling hopper a particularly advantageous and variable filling or Befülllogistik is realized in the process, in particular with regard to degree of filling, speed and uniformity of the filling. The heater reduces the adhesion of the usually somewhat damp mold material to the box wall. Further developments and embodiments according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

In one embodiment, at least one flexible element is elastic or resilient, in particular in each case as a spring element, in particular as a leaf spring, or else as an elastomer element.

In a further embodiment, at least one flexible element comprises a rope, in particular wire rope.

The traversing drive for moving the filling carriage has, in one embodiment, at least one rack on the filling carriage, preferably two racks on opposite sides of the filling carriage, and at least one associated drive gear, which engages respectively in the rack. The toothings of the racks are facing away from each other and / or the tooth heads and intervening tooth grooves of the rack (s) are substantially vertical or in the direction of gravity. This has the advantage that in the toothing little or no mold material remains. In one embodiment, in which the travel drive has at least one electric drive motor, a drive motor for driving the drive gear is preferably provided for each drive gear, and the two drive motors are operated synchronously or synchronously via a control device.

In a further variant, the filling box has a frame which circumscribes the at least one outlet opening and which can be pressed or pressed under elastic pretension against a surface, in particular on the stone forming machine or the forming tool, for example a tool or press table, in particular itself from an elastic Material consists and / or by means of elastic spring elements or by means of resilient hold-down with a bias voltage can be acted upon.

In order to reduce the adhesion of the usually slightly moist molding material to the box wall, the filler box is provided on its inner surface or inner wall at least partially with a friction-reducing material, in particular a polymer material, preferably based on PTFE, in a further, independently claimable variant ,

FIG 1

eine Befüllungseinrichtung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,

FIG 2

die Befüllungseinrichtung gemäß FIG 1 in einer Ansicht von hinten,

FIG 3

die Befüllungseinrichtung gemäß FIG 1 und 2 in einer Innenansicht von der Seite und

FIG 4

die Befüllungseinrichtung gemäß FIG 1 bis 3 in einer Draufsicht von oben,

FIG 5

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Befüllungseinrichtung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,

FIG 6

eine Befüllungseinrichtung an einer Presse in einer Seitenansicht

FIG 7

die Befüllungseinrichtung gemäß FIG 6 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht und

FIG 8

eine Detailansicht der Befüllungseinrichtung gemäß FIG 6 in einer teilweise geschnittenen Seitenansicht

jeweils schematisch dargestellt sind. Einander entsprechende Teile und Größen sind in den FIG 1 bis 8 mit den selben Bezugszeichen versehen.The invention will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments. Reference is also made to the drawings, in whose

FIG. 1

a filling device in a perspective view,

FIG. 2

the filling device according to FIG. 1 in a view from behind,

FIG. 3

the filling device according to FIG. 1 and 2 in an inside view from the side and

FIG. 4

the filling device according to 1 to 3 in a top view from above,

FIG. 5

a further embodiment of a filling device in a perspective view,

FIG. 6

a filling device on a press in a side view

FIG. 7

the filling device according to FIG. 6 in a perspective view and

FIG. 8

a detailed view of the filling device according to FIG. 6 in a partially sectioned side view

are each shown schematically. Corresponding parts and sizes are in the 1 to 8 provided with the same reference numerals.

The filling device according to 1 to 8 is for filling mold cavities of molds (or: molds or dies) for pressing stone moldings, in particular sand-lime bricks, provided with pourable mold material or starting material and includes a filling (or: Füllschieber, Füllkastenträger) 2 and held in the filling 2 filling box. 3

In the interior 35 of the filling box 3 32 filling material M is filled from above through an upper inlet opening, usually by falling in because of gravity. By a bottom arranged outlet opening 33 of the filling box 3 is filling material M from the filling box 3 for filling the in 1 to 4 not shown mold spaces of the mold or die taken down, usually by falling out due to gravity (see, with M designated arrows in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 ).

The filling box 3 has in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 a truncated pyramidal shape increasing downward in its cross section. The flat walls of the box wall 30 are thus inclined outwardly to the vertical or direction of gravity or issued down. The angle of inclination of the box wall 30 to the vertical is usually set as a function of the filler material used M and is at starting material for sand-lime brick typically 5 ° to 25 °, in particular by 10 °. The pyramidal inclination or inclination of the box wall 30 facilitates the falling out of the molding material M from the hopper 3 by gravity compared to vertical walls, whereby the degree of filling in the mold cavities can be increased.

The inlet opening 32 of the filling box is arranged enclosed by the upper edge of the box wall 30 at the top of the truncated pyramidal filling box 3 and the outlet opening 33 is arranged on the underside of the truncated pyramidal filling box 3 enclosed by the lower edge of the box wall 30.

Starting from the inlet opening 32, a plurality of guide elements 31 for guiding or guiding the filling material 3 falling into the filling box 3 protrude into the interior 35 of the filling box 3, wherein the guide elements 31 are planar and have continuous surfaces and extend vertically downwards and parallel to one another and attached to the box wall 30. The guide elements 31 are as a kind of partitions or baffles are formed and serve to achieve a better mass distribution in the filling box 3 and to avoid changing the mass distribution, for example, a back and forth sloshing during the movement of the filling box. The guide elements 31 may also be configured differently in their design, in particular the cross section, and / or arranged in order to further improve the mass distribution of the filling material M, for example also to avoid a bulk cone. The guide elements 31 can be fixedly connected to the box wall 30, for example welded, or also detachably connected, for example with plug connections or as a plug-in system. In a releasable connection, a modular system of the guide elements 31 can be realized with different shapes and arrangements.

The filling box 3 and its box wall 30 and the guide elements 31 are preferably made of a metal or a metal alloy, generally of steel, for example a structural steel.

To reduce sticking of the filling material M within the filling box 3, the box wall 30 is preferably clad or coated with an adhesion reducing material, for example a plastic such as PTFE or another material with low adhesion or adhesion.

Further, heating elements, not shown, are provided for heating the box wall 30 of the filling box 3, so that the filling material M does not stick or adhere so easily to the box wall 30 of the filling box 3 due to moisture contained therein. The heating elements are preferably arranged on or in the box wall 30 of the filling box 3. For example, prefabricated heating plates can be attached from the outside to the box wall 30 or also heating wires can be integrated in the box wall 30. The heating elements are preferably electrical resistance heating elements, but may also be radiant heaters. By heating the box wall 30, the filler material 30 dried at least in the area close to the wall and thus no longer adheres to the box wall 30.

The filling box 3 is now according to 1 to 4 resiliently or elastically suspended or attached to the filling carriage 3. These are at an in FIG. 1 front side of the box wall 30, a first spring element 5 and at one of them remote rear side of the box wall 30 of the filling box 3, two further spring elements 6 and 7 are provided, which are fastened at a lower end via a fastening element on the box wall 30. At an upper end, the spring element 5 on a transverse strut 25 and the spring elements 6 and 7 are fixed to a rear cross member 24 of the filling carriage 2.

The spring elements 5 to 7 are preferably leaf springs, in particular made of a spring steel or elastic steel, and may be formed in the undeformed state flat or flat or even with a pre-bend and have a rectangular elongated shape. Instead of leaf springs and other elastic return elements or spring elements for resilient or elastic suspension of the filling box 3 may be provided in the filling 2, for example rubber buffer or generally elastic intermediate elements made of elastomeric material or coil springs or the like.

About the cross struts 24 and 25 and other cross struts 26 in the front region as well as other unspecified cross struts in the lower region two side walls 22 and 23 of the filling carriage 2 are connected and stabilized. The side walls 22 and 23 and the transverse struts 24 to 26 of the filling carriage 2 are preferably made of one of a metal or a metal alloy, generally of steel such as e.g. a structural steel. The individual parts of the filling carriage 2 may in particular be screwed or welded.

The filling box 3, which is suspended elastically on the loading carriage 2, is now provided with an oscillating drive (or vibrating drive) during the filling of the forming tools with the mold material M from the filling box 3 with an oscillating or vibrating back and forth movable. The oscillating direction, along which the filling box 3 is moved during the oscillating movement back and forth, is denoted by S. In this oscillating movement, the filling box 3 moves relative to the charging carriage 2 and oscillates under respective deformation of the spring elements 5, 6 and 7 back and forth. As a result, a more uniform emergence and a better mass distribution of the molding material M is achieved from the filling box 3 in the molds.

The oscillating drive comprises an oscillating drive motor 60 which is held or fixed to the charging carriage 2, in particular to lower transverse struts and / or to the side walls 22 and 23 of the filling carriage 2. The oscillating drive motor 60 drives a gear 61 rotatable about an axis A via a gear 68 , Rotary connected to the gear 61 are two eccentric elements 62 and 63 on both sides, whose eccentric axes B rotate about the axis A of the gear 61 eccentrically in the specified direction of rotation D. The eccentric 62 and 63 drive in this rotational movement via a respective pivotally mounted drive rod 64 and 65 and a connecting member 66 and 67, which is pivotally mounted on the box wall 30 of the filling box 3, the filling box 3 in an oscillating largely linear oscillating motion in the Oscillating S on.

The deflection or oscillation amplitude of the resulting oscillating movement of the filling box 3 in the linear direction depends on the radius R at which the eccentric axis B of the eccentric elements 62 and 63 rotates about the central axis A of the gear 61. The larger the radius R, the greater the linear deflection of the oscillating movement of the flask 3. For this purpose, the eccentric 62 and 63 on an unspecified carrier disk or carrier shaft which rotates with the gear 61 about the axis A in different radii R. be, for example by means of a screwed in a radial slot of the carrier disk in different radii fastening screw.

The drive of the eccentric elements 62 and 63 can also take place via a directly driven common shaft, in which case a so-called push-through transmission can be used.

By selecting the drive speed of the oscillating drive motor 60, the oscillating frequency of the oscillating movement of the filling box 3 can be adjusted. This oscillating frequency is typically in a range between 0.1 Hz to 5 Hz, preferably 0.1 Hz to 2 Hz, and can be made changeable via a variable in its speed electric motor as Oszillierantriebsmotor 60. The oscillation amplitude can typically be between 2 mm and 150 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 50 mm.

The guide elements 31 in the filling box 3 extend in their longitudinal direction preferably perpendicular to the oscillating direction S, but may also be directed differently, in particular parallel to the oscillating direction S.

In addition to the described oscillating movement of the filling box 3 relative to the charging car 2, the entire charging car 2 can now also be moved back and forth together with the filling box 3 in a transport direction or travel direction V.

For this purpose, in the illustrated embodiment, left and right of the filling carriage 2 axially arranged in the direction of travel V racks on the outer sides of the side walls 22 and 23 and secured, namely a rack 20 on the side wall 22 and a rack 21 on the side wall 23 of the filling carriage. 2 In each rack engages around a vertical axis rotatable gear of a transport or traversing drive. A first gear 40, which is drivable via a gear by a first drive motor 50, engages in the first rack 20 and a second gear 41, which is driven by a drive motor 51 via a gear, engages the second rack 21 a. Through this training with the perpendicular teeth of horizontally extending Racks 20 and 21 and in a horizontal plane rotating gears 40 and 41 may set in the gears only a little filling material, as this falls through down.

The two drive motors 50 and 51 together with the drive elements, in particular the gears 40 and 41, are each attached or mounted on a press frame of a stone press or a separate holding device.

To move the filling carriage 2, the two drive motors 50 and 51 are electronically synchronized or synchronized coupled or controlled and thus both simultaneously move the stuffing carriage 2 in the direction of travel V forward or backward to the filling box 3 fixed therein for unloading to the molds or to load with new filling material to bring.

The loading carriage 2 moves during the movement with corresponding rails on 1 to 4 rollers, not shown, which are arranged for example on a press frame.

Instead of the illustrated gear transmission, in particular spur gear, and eccentric or rack gear other types of transmission or transmission mechanisms can be used, such as worm gear or screw or spindle gear, friction gear or traction mechanism or coupling gear that allow the oscillating movement or movement. Furthermore, hydraulic or pneumatic drives are possible instead of electric drives.

Since the oscillating direction S and the direction of travel V are directed in the same direction, it may sometimes happen that the oscillating drive results in a certain adjustment in the direction of travel V of the entire filling carriage 2. Therefore, it may be advantageous to provide a locking device or clamping device for the filling carriage 2, the Hold or lock the loading carriage 2 in a fixed travel position brought by the drives with the drive motors 50 and 51.

• das Haltemoment des oder der Antriebsmotoren oder der Antriebe entsprechend hoch auszulegen
• eine formschlüssige Verbindung zur Arretierung beispielsweise ein Bolzen, der in den Füllwagen 2 einfährt, beispielsweise in dessen Seitenwandung 22 und/oder 23 und/oder in dessen Verzahnung oder Zahnstange(n) 20 und/oder 21
• Klemmeinrichtungen mit Klemmkonen oder Klemmkeilen und hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Lösen
• pneumatische Klemmsysteme mit radialer Klemmung nach innen gegen eine Klemmstange

Suitable locking options are without limitation of generality:

• make the holding torque of the drive motor or drives correspondingly high
• a positive connection for locking, for example, a bolt which enters the filling carriage 2, for example in the side wall 22 and / or 23 and / or in the toothing or rack (s) 20 and / or 21
• Clamping devices with clamping cones or clamping wedges and hydraulic or pneumatic release
• pneumatic clamping systems with radial clamping inwards against a clamping rod

FIGS. 5 to 8 show a further embodiment of the filling device in an apparatus for producing moldings, in particular stones such as sand-lime bricks whose stone press in FIGS. 6 to 8 is indicated.

In contrast to the embodiment according to 1 to 4 is how in FIG. 5 to recognize, in this further embodiment, the transmission between the Oszillierantriebsmotor 60 and the eccentric elements 62 and 63, which put the filling box 3 in oscillation via the transmission rods 64 and 65, designed differently. There is provided a so-called push-through gear 69, via which the eccentric rotational movement of the axis B of the eccentric elements 62 and 63 to the in FIG. 5 axis A not shown directly without intermediate further gear (68 in FIG. 1 ) can be effected.

Another difference from the embodiment according to 1 to 4 is that instead of spring elements for flexible suspension of the filling box 3 ropes 15 are used as flexible elements. These ropes 15 are attached via cable supports 16 to the cross struts 24 and 25 and cable holders 17 on the box wall of the filling box 3. In the example of FIG. 5 four cable suspensions or ropes 15 are provided, so that the filling box 3 in these four cable suspensions flexible, but not necessarily elastic as in 1 to 4 , is hung up. This flexible suspension has over spring elements as in 1 to 4 the advantage of a generally greater robustness and a greater mobility, for example, in a direction parallel to the transverse struts 24 and 25, in the oscillating movement. The ropes 15 are in particular braided or assembled from several individual wires wire ropes, but need not be particularly strong, since they have no significant forces to bear.

At the box wall 30 of the filling box 3 also unspecified stiffening plates are provided.

FIG. 6 and 7 show a stone press with the filling device therein according to the invention. The filling box 3 is in FIG. 6 partially seen in the departure, which is bordered by a dashed circle. The detail view with the dashed circle is in FIG. 8 increased. The press frame is designated 70 and has on one side a hopper 71, the lower opening with a closure 72, in particular a flap is closed. The filling box is about the filling carriage 2, which is formed similar to in 1 to 4 moved under the hopper 71. By opening the shutter 72, the molding compound present in the filling funnel 71 will fall down into the filling box 3 and fill it. Subsequently, the filling box 3 is moved to a position in which the molding tools 74 are filled, as in FIG. 6 and 8th indicated. The molding material falls down from the interior 35 of the filling box 3 into the molding tools 74.

When moving in the direction of travel V, the filling box 3 slides with a frame 8 surrounding the outlet opening 33 on the surface of the tool table 75. The frame 8 on the one hand serves to seal the outlet opening 33 and also wipes filler material on the tool table during the movement. The frame 8 is preferably made of a sheet metal, in particular a steel sheet, but may also consist of a solid elastomer.

The frame 8 is now pressed or held down against the tool table 75 or its surface by hold-down 18, which press at several points from the top of the frame 8, or for better sealing. The hold-downs 18 comprise setscrews 18A which are adjustable in threads on the box wall 30 upwards and downwards, and spring elements 18B, via which with the adjusting screws 18A a different bias or spring tension on the frame 8 can be exercised.

In FIG. 8 is again shown in detail a cable holder 17 for the cable 15 on the box wall 30.

The movement or movement of the filling carriage 2 in the direction of travel V is guided via guide rails 28 on the outside of the filling carriage 2 on its side walls 22 and 23, as in FIG FIG. 1 . 2 . 6 and 7 shown, and via associated rollers or guide rollers 73, in which the guide rails 28 extend and which are held stationary on support rails 72 on the press frame 70 or on a separate attachment to the ground. The guide rails 28 may be formed prismatic or wedge-shaped for better engagement and for a better centering in the guide rollers 73 down. Conversely, however, it is also possible for rollers 2 to be mounted on the loading carriage, which run in stationary rails on the press frame.

An advantageous mode of operation of the filling device, in particular according to 1 to 8 , can be described as follows:

The loading carriage 2 with the flexible filling box 3 suspended therein is moved in the direction of travel V by means of the travel drives with the drive motors 50 and 51 to a filling position outside the press or block molding machine or tool area and is filled in the filling position by a filling funnel, in particular the filling funnel 71 , filled from a mold material supply or silo. For filling, a flap or shutter is opened at the outlet opening of the hopper and then closed again, e.g. the shutter 72 of the hopper 71. Then, the stuffing carriage 2 is driven with the filled hopper 3 in the opposite direction of travel V in the tool room of the press and the molding material M is filled into the mold spaces to be filled of the mold, in particular the molds 74. Sometimes it can be required to fill the filling box several times by retraction and extension of the filling agent in the direction of travel from the filling station to the press and back again, if the content or the volume of the filling box is not sufficient to the entire filling volume within the mold with only once to fill.

Preferably, the filling carriage 2 with the filling box 3 can move continuously over a closed surface during the movement, in particular a so-called press table or tool table, in particular the tool table 75, so that the filling material M can not fall out and thus during the movement of the filling carriage 2, the outlet opening 32 of the filling box 3 is closed down.

In this case, the frame 8 resting against the continuous surface or the tool table 75 around the outlet opening 33 of the filling box 3 can prevent a lateral escape of filling material M through the intermediate gap between the filling box and the surface. Besides, with the frame 8 excess mold material M on the tool or press table (planar) are deducted.

When the molds, in particular 74, are filled by means of the filling device, the filling carriage with the filling box moves out of the tool room again and in a pressing operation the stone moldings are pressed by means of unillustrated press punches which enter the mold cavities of the molds.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

charging car

3

filling power

5, 6, 7

spring element

8th

frame

15

rope

16

cable holder

17

cable holder

18

Stripper plate

18A

screw

18B

spring element

20, 21

rack

22, 23

Side wall

24, 25, 26

crossmember

28

guide rail

30

box wall

31

vane

32

fill opening

33

outlet

35

inner space

40, 41

gear

50, 51

drive motor

60

Oszillierantriebsmotor

61

gear

62, 63

eccentric

64, 65

transmission rod

66, 67

connecting element

68

gear

69

By plug gear

70

press frame

71

hopper

72

support rails

73

guide rollers

74

Dies

75

work table

A, B

axes

R

radius

G

direction of rotation

M

filling material

S

oscillating direction

V

traversing

Claims (14)

1. Filling device for filling moulds, in particular of block forming machines or block presses, with a pourable forming material, comprising

   a) a filling box (3), which can be filled with the moulding material (M) or is intended for receiving and/or transporting the moulding material (M),

   b) a filling carriage (2), on or in which the filling box (3) is flexibly mounted by means of at least one flexible element (5, 6, 7, 15),

   c) at least one oscillating drive (60 to 68), which is arranged or fastened on or in the filling carriage and is connected to the filling box (3) to drive the filling box in an oscillating movement relative to the filling carriage, which is made possible by the flexible mounting of the filling box on or in the filling carriage by means of the flexible element or elements,

   d) at least one traversing drive (20, 21, 40, 41, 50, 51) for making the filling carriage traverse with the filling box at least between at least one filling position for filling at least one mould (74) with moulding material from the filling box and a charging position (at 71) for charging the filling box with fresh moulding material, characterized in that

   e) the filling box (3) is assigned at least one heating device for heating the filling box, in particular a heating device arranged on or in at least a partial region of the box walling (30) of the filling box, preferably at least one heating device preferably being in the form of a plate and/or comprising heating wires and/or being an electric resistance heating device.
2. Filling device according to Claim 1, in which the filling box (3) has an inlet opening (31), arranged at the top, for filling with moulding material and/or an outlet opening (32), arranged at the bottom, for letting the moulding material out of the filling box and/or in which the moulding box has in the region of an inlet opening of the filling box at least one directing element (31) for directing the moulding material introduced into the filling box through the inlet opening and/or in which the filling box has a peripheral box walling (30), which is inclined so as to slope downwards or is formed in a frustopyramidal manner, the box walling preferably protruding further down, or having a larger inner dimension, in the region of the outlet opening than at an inlet opening of the filling box.
3. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the traversing drive for making the filling carriage traverse has at least one toothed rack (20, 21), which is arranged on the filling carriage, and at least one associated driving gearwheel (40, 41), which engages in the toothed rack.
4. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which a toothed rack (20, 21), in which a driving gearwheel (40, 41) respectively engages, is respectively arranged on two opposite sides (22, 23) of the filling carriage (2), the toothings of the toothed racks preferably being made to face away from one another and/or the tips of the teeth and the grooves lying between them of the at least one toothed rack extending vertically or in the direction of gravitational force.
5. Filling device according to Claim 4, in which the traversing drive has at least one electric drive motor (50, 51) and/or in which a drive motor for driving the driving gearwheel is respectively provided for each driving gearwheel and the two drive motors are operated or can be operated synchronously by means of a control device.
6. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one flexible element is formed in an elastic or resilient manner or as a spring element (5, 6, 7), at least one spring element preferably comprising or being a leaf spring, which is fastened, in particular by one end, on the filling carriage and is fastened, in particular by another end, on the filling box.
7. Filling device according to one of the preceding clams, in which at least one flexible element comprises a cable (15), which is fastened, in particular by one end, on the filling carriage and is fastened, in particular by another end, on the filling box and/or in which at least one flexible element consists at least partially of metal such as steel or of a rubber or elastomer material.
8. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the oscillating movement is a movement taking place at least predominantly in an oscillating direction (S).
9. Filling device according to Claim 8, in which at least two flexible elements (5, 6, 7, 18) are fastened or attached on regions of the box walling (30) of the filling box that are opposite one another when seen in the oscillating direction and/or in which the deflecting element or elements extend in or parallel to the oscillating direction.
10. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the filling box (3) is at least partially provided on its inner surface or inner walling with an adhesion-reducing material, in particular a polymer material, preferably PTFE-based.
11. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the filling box has a frame (8) which extends around at least one outlet opening (33) and can be pressed against a surface, in particular on the block forming machine or the mould, under an elastic prestress or by means of resilient hold-down devices (18), in particular consists itself of an elastic material and/or can be subjected to a prestress by means of elastic spring elements.
12. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the oscillating drive comprises at least one electric drive motor, which is connected to the filling box by means of a transmission device, in particular a gear mechanism, which comprises in particular an eccentric gear mechanism and/ or in which the oscillating amplitude of the oscillating movement is chosen between approximately 2 mm and 150 mm and/or the oscillating frequency for the oscillating movement is chosen approximately between 0.1 Hz and 5 Hz.
13. Filling device according to one of the preceding claims with an arresting device for arresting the filling carriage in a traversing position, in particular in the filling position.
14. Apparatus for producing mouldings, in particular blocks, with

    a) a press with at least one mould for pressing the mouldings from moulding material and

    b) a filling device according to one of the preceding claims for filling the at least one moulding with a pourable moulding material at at least one filling position, and preferably with a charging station (71) for charging the filling box of the filling device with fresh moulding material.

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