EP2172382B1 - Bodyshell for railway vehicle and manufacturing process therefore - Google Patents

Bodyshell for railway vehicle and manufacturing process therefore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2172382B1
EP2172382B1 EP20090172003 EP09172003A EP2172382B1 EP 2172382 B1 EP2172382 B1 EP 2172382B1 EP 20090172003 EP20090172003 EP 20090172003 EP 09172003 A EP09172003 A EP 09172003A EP 2172382 B1 EP2172382 B1 EP 2172382B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fastening means
roof
chassis
side panels
interfitting
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EP20090172003
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2172382A1 (en
Inventor
Georges Bernhard
Stéphane Roll
Paul Preiss
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication of EP2172382A1 publication Critical patent/EP2172382A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/043—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures connections between superstructure sub-units
    • B61D17/045—The sub-units being construction modules

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail vehicle body modular type and a method of manufacturing such a box.
  • Modular-type railway vehicle bodies are boxes consisting of pre-fabricated modules (door modules, face panel modules, chassis modules, roof modules, end modules, etc.), pre-equipped (wiring, heating, interior lining, etc ...) and which are assembled by cold assembly methods.
  • Each module is designed to have sufficient rigidity in the longitudinal, vertical and transverse directions to ensure the structural mechanical strength of the assembled box.
  • Such a box is for example described in the document WO 02/058981 .
  • the edges of the modules constituting the body are designed to rest against the edge of the adjacent module (s) and allow the edges to be assembled two by two by bolting or riveting.
  • Another example of cash is described in the document DE 9320494 U1 which has an assembly of the box by welding profiles which are free of coaxial holes, useless with this mode of hot assembly.
  • the box of the present invention and the method of assembling such a box are intended to eliminate the need for a shaper and thereby solve the problems of assembly time of the box, costs and storage such tools.
  • the body of the present invention comprises a frame, a roof and front panels, the frame and the roof being provided with fixing means on their longitudinal edges, the front panels being provided on their lower edges. and upper first and second fastening means respectively cooperating with the fastening means of the frame and the roof and such that the fixing means of the frame and the roof and the fastening means of the front panels have complementary interlocking profiles.
  • the figure 1 is an exploded view of the body according to the invention according to a first embodiment.
  • the body 1 consists of a frame 2 extending in the longitudinal direction x parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle, front panels 3 extending in the vertical direction z (door modules or bay modules according to FIG. they comprise an access door inside the vehicle or a window), a flag 4 extending in the longitudinal direction and two ends 5 extending in the transverse direction y.
  • the frame 2 conventionally comprises in the lower part an end cross member 6 comprising holes 7. For a better readability, a single end 5 and a single row of face panels 3 are shown on the drawing. figure 1 . All these elements are pre-manufactured and pre-equipped.
  • the tips 5 may comprise intercirculation if the vehicle consists of crates allowing access from one box to the other or can be sentenced to block the passage from one box to another.
  • a tip 5 is made in the example of the figure 1 in the form of an inverted U whose branches are pierced (holes 8) in their lower part which allow to fix rigidly, for example by bolting, the end 5 on the crossbar 6 from the outside.
  • the figure 1 represents several face panels 3 per side, but the invention also applies to a box made with only one panel per side.
  • the frame 2 comprises on each of its lateral edges a stretcher 9 which extends in the longitudinal direction.
  • the flag 4 also has on each of its lateral edges a leaf 10 which extends in the longitudinal direction.
  • the stretcher 9 and the leaf 10 form the fastening means respectively of the frame 2 and the flag 4, and have in a transverse plane a male section adapted to fit into a female section.
  • the stretcher 9 and the leaf 10 are conventionally made in the form of hollow sections whose upper and lower surfaces are connected by ribs.
  • Each face module 3 has on its lower edge a first fastening means 11 and on its upper edge a second fastening means 12, which both extend in the longitudinal direction.
  • These attachment means 11 and 12 have in a transverse plane a female section comprising at least two wings and a core. This section can be made by means of a U-shaped section, C, E.
  • Each face module 3 also has on its vertical lateral edges 13 holes for fixing to the adjacent face module 3, at one end. adjacent or an intermediate piece acting as an amount.
  • the figure 2 schematically shows the method of attachment of the frame 2 to a front panel 3.
  • the face panel 3 consists of an outer wall 14 and an inner wall 15 whose two lower ends are connected by - or so as to form - An angle extending in the longitudinal direction, a first branch 16 is a substantially horizontal bearing surface, and the second branch 17 is a substantially vertical bearing surface.
  • the first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 to the frame 2 is formed by a U-shaped section forming a female section and comprising two flanges 18, 19 and a core 20.
  • a first flange 18 is welded to the first horizontal branch 16 of FIG. the angle
  • the core 20 is welded to the second vertical branch 17 of the angle.
  • the second wing 19 of the U-shaped profile extends horizontally towards the inside of the body 1.
  • the two wings 18 and 19 of the U-shaped profile comprise bores 21 coaxial.
  • substantially in the description means that the angle of inclination with respect to the indicated direction may vary from -20 to 20 degrees.
  • a substantially vertical surface will ideally be arranged at 90 ° but practically, may be disposed at +/- 20 °, that is to say between 70 ° and 110 degrees.
  • the inner and outer walls 15 and 15 of the front panel are designed so as to constitute directly a first fastening means 11 having a female section without it being necessary to add a section, by structurally modifying the lower ends of the section. these walls.
  • the stretcher 9 has in a transverse plane a male section of generally parallelepipedal shape which has coaxial bores 22 on its upper and lower horizontal surfaces 23 and 24.
  • the bores 21 of the first fastening means 11 and the bores 22 of the stretcher 9 may be of shapes or diameters identical or different, but they are made anyway with identical spacing to be coaxial when the fastening means 9 and 11 are nested.
  • the external dimension of the male section of the stretcher 9 is smaller than the internal dimension of the female section of the first attachment means 11 (or in the female section formed by the lower part of the front panel 3) so as to fit into it. with a game adapted to allow relative movement of the nested fastening means.
  • Fasteners 25, for example bolts or rivets, pass through the bores 21 and 22 and stiffen the fastening means 9 and 11 assembled.
  • the figure 3 schematically shows the method of attachment of the flag 4 to the front panel 3.
  • the leaf 10 forming the fixing means of the flag 4 is formed as a profile extending in the longitudinal direction comprising in a transverse plane an L-shaped section, comprising a substantially horizontal section 26 and a substantially vertical secondary section 27 extending downwards.
  • This secondary section 27 has coaxial bores 28 on its inner vertical 29 and outer 30 surfaces.
  • the two upper ends of the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 15 of the front panel 3 are joined together.
  • the inner wall 14 is shaped so as to form in its upper part an angle.
  • the inner wall 14 thus has in its upper part a recess 31 forming a substantially horizontal bearing surface and extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • On this bearing surface 31 is welded the core 32 of a U-profile forming the second means 12 for fixing the face panel 3.
  • a wing 33 of the profile is welded to a substantially vertical upper portion 34 of the inner wall 14 formed for that purpose.
  • the second wing 35 extends vertically towards the top of the body.
  • the profile thus has a female section fitting the male section of the fastening means 10.
  • the two flanges 33 and 35 of the profile comprise bores 36 substantially coaxial horizontal.
  • the holes 36 of the female section and the holes 28 of the leaf 10 are made with identical spacing and, as previously described, may be of the same or different shapes or diameters.
  • the inner and outer walls 15 and 14 of the front panel 3 are designed so as to form a female section without requiring the addition of a profile: the flange 35 of the U-profile may for example be replaced by an extension vertically up the inner wall 14 to form with the bearing surface 31 and the wall 34 a female section.
  • the external dimension of the secondary section 27 of the leaf 10 forming the fixing means of the flag 4 is smaller than the internal dimension of the female section so as to fit vertically with a clearance adapted to allow the relative displacement of the fixing means 10 and 12 nested.
  • Fasteners 25 (bolts or rivets) are arranged horizontally through the secondary section 27 and the wings of the profile 12 through the holes 28 and 36 which are arranged so that their axes coincide, so as to stiffen the fastening means 10 and 12 nested.
  • the face panels 3 may comprise a glazing unit (or the functional elements of access door if it is is a door module), the face lining, possibly cables for the individual power supply of electrical equipment for the comfort of passengers and they are already painted.
  • the frame 2 may have an insulated floor and the roof 4 may already be equipped with the outer side of the train lines and the interior ceiling lining.
  • the first step is to lay the chassis 2 flat on supports on the ground so as to be level. There is no need for shaping or special equipment.
  • the assembly step consists in bringing the ends 5 on each of the ends of the frame 2 (arrow F 1 on the figure 1 ) and to rigidly attach them to the frame 2. They are designed to have such rigidity that they can hold in a vertical position without any other support equipment.
  • a first face panel 3 held vertically by conventional means is then brought to one end of the frame 2 by a horizontal translational movement to the stretcher 9 (arrow F 2 on the figure 1 ) forming the fastening means of the frame 2.
  • the male section of the stretcher 9 is nested in the transverse direction in the female section of the first attachment means 11 of the face panel 3.
  • the holes 21 and 22 are aligned and only a few elements of 25 (for example two or three bolts) are simply arranged through the holes, vertically, without constraining them, so that the connection between the fastened fastening means 9, 11 is not stiffened (for example, if the elements fasteners are bolts, these are not tight).
  • each fastener 25 gives a small degree of freedom of movement in the three directions of space to the frame 2 and the face panel 3 assembled, in particular to allow the alignment of the following front panels 3.
  • the assembly has sufficient rigidity to retain the face panel 3 in the vertical position, thanks to the combined action of the wings of the female section surrounding the male section and fasteners 25 therethrough, which opposes the moment rotation of the face panel 3 about a longitudinal axis.
  • the fastening elements 25 thus perform a double function of retention in the sense that they hold the face panel 3 in a vertical position without blocking the rotational movements about a longitudinal axis and simultaneously limit the movements of the face panel 3 in the longitudinal direction along the stretcher 9, without however blocking this longitudinal movement.
  • the face panel 3 is connected to the end 5 by the installation of a few unconstrained fasteners 25 on the adjacent side edges 13 of the face panel and 37 of the end 5.
  • the latter thus serves as a guide for arranging the panels of 3, which are brought and assembled in the same way as the first end-face panel on the frame 2.
  • the vertical connection between two adjacent face panels 3 is achieved by the installation of a few unconstrained fastening elements 25 through holes made on the lateral edges 13 of the face panels 3 or on a vertical connecting piece which acts as a stud .
  • the flag 4 is brought by a vertical movement up and down above the box so that the secondary section 27 of each leaf 10 fits into the female section of the profiles of the face panels 3 (arrow F 3 ).
  • Some fasteners 25 are arranged through the holes 28 and 36 aligned.
  • the sleepers 4 (not shown on the figure 1 ) are finally fixed to the transverse upper part of each end 5, for example by horizontal bolting through the holes 38 of the ends 5.
  • the box 1 obtained has many games that offset each other and allow to easily position the modules together.
  • the modules are moved in the directions of the space where they have at least one degree of freedom in order to align all the holes 21 and 22, 28 and 36 and the holes of the lateral edges
  • this movement is limited by the retaining action exerted by the fastening elements 25 arranged through the nested fastening means.
  • the interlocking of the respective attachment means 9, 10, 11, 12 and the shear resistance provided by the fastening elements 25 arranged through these nested means ensure the assembled modules of the box a sufficient rigidity to maintain them without shaper .
  • the links chassis 2 / panel 3, panel 3 / roof 4 and panel 3 / panel 3 are stiffened so as to obtain a rigidly assembled box by constraining (for example by tightening or screwing) all the elements of Fixing 25.
  • the constraint of the fastening elements 25 thus blocks displacements in the three directions of the space of the fastening means 9, 10, 11, 12 fitted together.
  • the frame 2 may be rigidly attached to a lower end beam of the frame of a second vehicle to manufacture a vehicle of greater length.
  • the vehicle's face panels 3 are connected to the end face panels of this second vehicle instead of being attached to ends.
  • the flag 4 will be fixed to the crosshead of the second vehicle and not to the upper transverse part of the tip 5.
  • Cashier 1 is completed and partially stocked. It only remains to finish the interior design to complete the manufacture of the railway car.
  • the advantage of a box according to the invention is to implement simple fixing means to manufacture and arranged so that, by their shape, their dimensioning and their positioning, they allow the assembly of the elements of the crate without shaper.
  • the male and female sections of the first fastening means 11 of the face panels 3 and the fastening means 9 of the frame 2 may be reversed or arranged differently.
  • the stretcher 9 may have a female section into which the male section of the first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 (FIG. Fig. 4a and 4b ).
  • the first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 then has a male section fitting into the female section formed on or by the stretcher 9.
  • the core of the female section can be arranged vertically ( Fig. 2 , Fig. 4b ) or horizontally ( Fig. 4a, fig. 4c ).
  • the male and female sections of the second fastening means 12 of the face panels 3 and the fastening means 10 of the roof 4 can be reversed: the roof 4 can have a female section in which it fits together the male section of the second attachment means 12 of the face panel 3.
  • the core of the female section may be arranged vertically or horizontally.
  • the fastening means 9 and 10 of the frame 2 and the flag 4 may be designed to include the female sections, the first and second fastening means 11 and 12 of the face panels then having only male sections.
  • the fastening means may also be designed in a "mixed" manner.
  • the stretcher 9 may for example have a female section whose core is disposed horizontally, and the second fastening means 12 of the face panel 3 may have a female section whose core is arranged vertically. They will respectively fit male sections disposed on the first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 and on the wing 10.
  • the assembly directions of the various elements forming the body 1 during the assembly process will have to be adapted according to the horizontal or vertical provisions of the soul of the female sections.
  • the face panel 3 must be brought above the frame 2 in a vertical movement so that the male section be nested.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une caisse de véhicule ferroviaire de type modulaire et un procédé de fabrication d'une telle caisse.The invention relates to a rail vehicle body modular type and a method of manufacturing such a box.

Les caisses de véhicules ferroviaire de type modulaire sont des caisses constituées de modules pré-fabriqués (modules de porte, modules de panneaux de face, modules de châssis, modules de pavillon, modules d'extrémité, etc...), pré-équipés (câblage, chauffage, garnissage intérieur, etc...) et qui sont assemblés par des méthodes d'assemblage à froid. Chaque module est conçu de manière à présenter la rigidité suffisante dans les directions longitudinales, verticales et transversales pour assurer la tenue mécanique structurelle de la caisse assemblée.Modular-type railway vehicle bodies are boxes consisting of pre-fabricated modules (door modules, face panel modules, chassis modules, roof modules, end modules, etc.), pre-equipped (wiring, heating, interior lining, etc ...) and which are assembled by cold assembly methods. Each module is designed to have sufficient rigidity in the longitudinal, vertical and transverse directions to ensure the structural mechanical strength of the assembled box.

Une telle caisse est par exemple décrite dans le document WO 02/058981 . Les bords des modules constituant la caisse sont conçus pour reposer contre le bord du ou des modules adjacents et permettre l'assemblage des bords deux à deux par boulonnage ou rivetage. Un autre exemple de caisse est décrit dans le document DE 9320494 U1 qui présente un assemblage de la caisse par soudure des profilés qui sont dépourvus de perçages coaxiaux, inutiles avec ce mode d'assemblage à chaud.Such a box is for example described in the document WO 02/058981 . The edges of the modules constituting the body are designed to rest against the edge of the adjacent module (s) and allow the edges to be assembled two by two by bolting or riveting. Another example of cash is described in the document DE 9320494 U1 which has an assembly of the box by welding profiles which are free of coaxial holes, useless with this mode of hot assembly.

Bien que les moyens d'assemblage à froid mis en oeuvre soient nettement moins coûteux, plus rapides et engendrent moins de déformations structurelles que les méthodes d'assemblage à chaud comme le soudage de pièces nues, un conformateur reste indispensable pour positionner les différents modules les uns par rapport aux autres avant l'assemblage définitif. Un tel outillage est réalisé pour chaque caisse et n'est pas ré-utilisable pour des caisses de même conception mais de dimensions différentes, ou de conception différente. Ces outillages sont chers à fabriquer car ils sont réalisés à l'unité et sur mesure, ils sont très encombrants et doivent être conservés de longues années par le fabriquant pour des reprises ou pour la fabrication éventuelle de nouvelles caisses. Les caisses assemblées sur de tels outillages ne peuvent par ailleurs être réalisées qu'en série et nécessitent un temps d'assemblage relativement long puisque les pièces doivent être amenées dans le conformateur.Although the cold assembly means used are much less expensive, faster and generate fewer structural deformations than hot joining methods such as welding bare parts, a shaper remains essential for positioning the various modules. against each other before final assembly. Such tooling is performed for each body and is not reusable for crates of the same design but different dimensions, or different design. These tools are expensive to manufacture because they are made individually and customized, they are very bulky and must be kept for many years by the manufacturer for rework or for the possible manufacture of new boxes. The boxes assembled on such tools can also be made in series and require a relatively long assembly time since the parts must be brought into the shaper.

La caisse de la présente invention et le procédé d'assemblage d'une telle caisse visent à supprimer la nécessité d'un conformateur et par là-même, résoudre les problèmes de temps d'assemblage de la caisse, de coûts et d'entreposage de tels outillages.The box of the present invention and the method of assembling such a box are intended to eliminate the need for a shaper and thereby solve the problems of assembly time of the box, costs and storage such tools.

Conformément à l'invention, la caisse de la présente invention comprend un châssis, un pavillon et des panneaux de face, le châssis et le pavillon étant pourvus de moyens de fixation sur leurs bords longitudinaux, les panneaux de face étant pourvus sur leurs bords inférieurs et supérieurs de premier et second moyens de fixation respectivement coopérant avec les moyens de fixation du châssis et du pavillon et telle que les moyens de fixation du châssis et du pavillon et les moyens de fixation des panneaux de face présentent des profils d'emboîtement complémentaires.According to the invention, the body of the present invention comprises a frame, a roof and front panels, the frame and the roof being provided with fixing means on their longitudinal edges, the front panels being provided on their lower edges. and upper first and second fastening means respectively cooperating with the fastening means of the frame and the roof and such that the fixing means of the frame and the roof and the fastening means of the front panels have complementary interlocking profiles.

La caisse de l'invention satisfait également à l'une des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • les profils d'emboîtement sont propres à assurer une retenue des panneaux de face par rapport au châssis et au pavillon avec un jeu d'ajustement permettant un déplacement relatif des panneaux de face par rapport au châssis et au pavillon,
  • l'un des profils d'emboîtement présente une section femelle comprenant au moins deux ailes et une âme tandis que le profil d'emboîtement complémentaire présente une section mâle propre à s'emboîter dans la section femelle,
  • les moyens de fixation du châssis, du pavillon et des panneaux de face comportent des perçages et des éléments de fixation disposés au travers de ces perçages co-axiaux, assurant la rigidification des moyens de fixation emboîtés des panneaux de face au châssis et au pavillon,
  • les moyens de fixation du châssis, du pavillon et des panneaux de face sont disposés longitudinalement sur le châssis, le pavillon et les panneaux de face,
  • les éléments de fixation sont des boulons ou des rivets.
The body of the invention also satisfies one of the following characteristics:
  • the interlocking profiles are adapted to ensure a retention of the panels of face with respect to the frame and the flag with a set of adjustment allowing a relative displacement of the panels of face with respect to the frame and the flag,
  • one of the interlocking profiles has a female section comprising at least two wings and a core while the complementary interlocking profile has a male section adapted to fit into the female section,
  • the fixing means of the frame, the roof and the front panels comprise bores and fixing elements arranged through these coaxial bores, ensuring the stiffening of the fastening means fitted with the front panels to the frame and the roof,
  • the fixing means of the frame, the roof and the front panels are arranged longitudinally on the frame, the roof and the front panels,
  • the fasteners are bolts or rivets.

Conformément à l'invention, le procédé d'assemblage d'une caisse de véhicule ferroviaire comprenant un châssis, un pavillon et des panneaux de face, le châssis et le pavillon étant pourvus de moyens de fixation sur leurs bords longitudinaux, les panneaux de face étant pourvus d'un premier moyen de fixation sur leur bord inférieur et d'un second moyen de fixation sur leur bord supérieur comporte les étapes successives suivantes prises dans cet ordre :

  • le châssis, le pavillon et au moins deux panneaux de face sont assemblés en emboîtant les moyens de fixation du châssis et du pavillon respectivement avec les premiers et seconds moyens de fixation pourvus sur les panneaux de face,
  • les positions relatives des moyens de fixation du châssis, du pavillon et des panneaux de face sont ajustées,
  • les liaisons entre les moyens de fixation du châssis, du pavillon et des panneaux de face sont rigidifiées seulement après emboîtement et ajustement des positions relatives de tous les moyens de fixation.
According to the invention, the method of assembling a rail vehicle body comprising a frame, a roof and front panels, the chassis and the horn being provided with fastening means on their longitudinal edges, the front panels being provided with a first fixing means on their lower edge and a second fastening means on their upper edge comprises the following successive steps taken in this order :
  • the frame, the roof and at least two front panels are assembled by fitting the fastening means of the frame and the roof respectively with the first and second fixing means provided on the front panels,
  • the relative positions of the fastening means of the frame, the roof and the front panels are adjusted,
  • the connections between the fastening means of the frame, the roof and the front panels are stiffened only after interlocking and adjustment of the relative positions of all the fastening means.

Le procédé de fabrication d'une caisse selon l'invention satisfait également à l'une des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • lors de l'étape d'assemblage tous les panneaux de face sont assemblés au châssis et au pavillon,
  • lors de l'étape d'assemblage, les panneaux de face sont d'abord assemblés au châssis par emboîtement de leurs moyens de fixation respectifs, et le pavillon est ensuite assemblé aux panneaux de face par emboîtement de leurs moyens de fixation respectifs,
  • lors de l'étape d'assemblage, les déplacements respectifs des moyens de fixation emboîtés sont limités dans les directions de l'espace où au moins un degré de liberté existe par la pose de quelques éléments de fixation au travers de perçages réalisés préalablement sur les moyens de fixations,
  • lors de l'étape d'ajustement des positions relatives des moyens de fixation du châssis, du pavillon et des panneaux de face, les moyens de fixation emboîtés sont déplacés dans les directions de l'espace où ils possèdent au moins un degré de liberté afin d'aligner les axes de tous les perçages,
  • l'étape d'ajustement est finalisée par la pose de tous les éléments de fixation au travers de tous les perçages co-axiaux,
  • la rigidification de la caisse est réalisée en bloquant les déplacements dans les trois directions de l'espace des moyens de fixation respectivement emboîtés.
The method of manufacturing a box according to the invention also satisfies one of the following characteristics:
  • during the assembly step all the front panels are assembled to the frame and the roof,
  • during the assembly step, the face panels are first assembled to the frame by interlocking their respective fastening means, and the flag is then assembled to the front panels by interlocking their respective fastening means,
  • during the assembly step, the respective displacements of the nested fastening means are limited in the directions of the space where at least one degree of freedom exists by the installation of a few fasteners through holes previously made on the fasteners,
  • during the step of adjusting the relative positions of the fixing means of the frame, the roof and the front panels, the nested fastening means are moved in the directions of the space where they have at least one degree of freedom to to align the axes of all the holes,
  • the adjustment step is finalized by the installation of all the fastening elements through all the coaxial bores,
  • the stiffening of the body is achieved by blocking the movements in the three directions of the space of the fastening means respectively nested.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de la caisse et du procédé d'assemblage de la caisse, description faite en liaison avec les dessins dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue éclatée de la caisse conforme à l'invention selon un premier mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe schématique d'un mode de fixation du châssis à un panneau de face d'une caisse conforme à l'invention selon un premier mode de réalisation,
  • la figure 3 est une coupe schématique d'un mode de fixation du pavillon à un panneau de face d'une caisse conforme à l'invention selon un premier mode de réalisation,
  • les figures 4a à 4c sont des coupes schématiques de modes de fixation du châssis à un panneau de face d'une caisse conforme à l'invention selon des variantes de réalisation.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of the box and the assembly method of the box, a description given in connection with the drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is an exploded view of the body according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
  • the figure 2 is a schematic section of a method of fixing the frame to a front panel of a box according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
  • the figure 3 is a schematic section of a method of fixing the flag to a front panel of a box according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
  • the Figures 4a to 4c are schematic sections of the frame attachment modes to a front panel of a body according to the invention according to alternative embodiments.

La figure 1 est une vue éclatée de la caisse conforme à l'invention selon un premier mode de réalisation. La caisse 1 est constituée d'un châssis 2 s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale x parallèle à la direction d'avancement du véhicule, de panneaux de face 3 s'étendant dans la direction verticale z (modules de portes ou modules de baies selon qu'ils comprennent une porte d'accès à l'intérieur du véhicule ou une / des fenêtres), d'un pavillon 4 s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale et de deux bouts 5 s'étendant dans la direction transversale y. Le châssis 2 comporte classiquement en partie inférieure une traverse d'extrémité 6 comprenant des perçages 7. Pour une meilleure lisibilité, un seul bout 5 ainsi qu'une seule rangée de panneaux de face 3 sont représentés sur la figure 1. Tous ces éléments sont pré-fabriqués et pré-équipés. Les bouts 5 peuvent comprendre des intercirculations si le véhicule est constitué de caisses permettant l'accès d'une caisse à l'autre ou peuvent être condamnés afin de bloquer le passage d'une caisse à l'autre. Un bout 5 est réalisé dans l'exemple de la figure 1 sous la forme d'un U renversé dont les branches sont percées (perçages 8) dans leur partie inférieure qui permettent de fixer rigidement, par exemple par boulonnage, le bout 5 sur la traverse 6 par l'extérieur.The figure 1 is an exploded view of the body according to the invention according to a first embodiment. The body 1 consists of a frame 2 extending in the longitudinal direction x parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle, front panels 3 extending in the vertical direction z (door modules or bay modules according to FIG. they comprise an access door inside the vehicle or a window), a flag 4 extending in the longitudinal direction and two ends 5 extending in the transverse direction y. The frame 2 conventionally comprises in the lower part an end cross member 6 comprising holes 7. For a better readability, a single end 5 and a single row of face panels 3 are shown on the drawing. figure 1 . All these elements are pre-manufactured and pre-equipped. The tips 5 may comprise intercirculation if the vehicle consists of crates allowing access from one box to the other or can be sentenced to block the passage from one box to another. A tip 5 is made in the example of the figure 1 in the form of an inverted U whose branches are pierced (holes 8) in their lower part which allow to fix rigidly, for example by bolting, the end 5 on the crossbar 6 from the outside.

La figure 1 représente plusieurs panneaux de face 3 par côté mais l'invention s'applique également à une caisse réalisée avec seulement un panneau de face par côté.The figure 1 represents several face panels 3 per side, but the invention also applies to a box made with only one panel per side.

Le châssis 2 comporte sur chacun de ses bords latéraux un brancard 9 qui s'étend dans la direction longitudinale. Le pavillon 4 comporte également sur chacun de ses bords latéraux un battant 10 qui s'étend dans la direction longitudinale. Selon l'invention, le brancard 9 et le battant 10 forment le moyen de fixation respectivement du châssis 2 et du pavillon 4, et présentent selon un plan transversal une section mâle apte à s'emboîter dans une section femelle. Les brancard 9 et le battant 10 sont réalisé classiquement sous la forme de profilés creux dont les surfaces supérieures et inférieures sont reliées par des nervures.The frame 2 comprises on each of its lateral edges a stretcher 9 which extends in the longitudinal direction. The flag 4 also has on each of its lateral edges a leaf 10 which extends in the longitudinal direction. According to the invention, the stretcher 9 and the leaf 10 form the fastening means respectively of the frame 2 and the flag 4, and have in a transverse plane a male section adapted to fit into a female section. The stretcher 9 and the leaf 10 are conventionally made in the form of hollow sections whose upper and lower surfaces are connected by ribs.

Chaque module de face 3 comporte sur son bord inférieur un premier moyen de fixation 11 et sur son bord supérieur un second moyen de fixation 12, qui s'étendent tous deux dans la direction longitudinale. Ces moyens de fixation 11 et 12 présentent selon un plan transversal une section femelle comprenant au moins deux ailes et une âme. Cette section peut être réalisée au moyen d'un profilé en U, en C, en E. Chaque module de face 3 comporte également sur ses bords latéraux verticaux 13 des perçages permettant de le fixer au module de face 3 adjacent, à un bout 5 adjacent ou à une pièce intermédiaire faisant office de montant.Each face module 3 has on its lower edge a first fastening means 11 and on its upper edge a second fastening means 12, which both extend in the longitudinal direction. These attachment means 11 and 12 have in a transverse plane a female section comprising at least two wings and a core. This section can be made by means of a U-shaped section, C, E. Each face module 3 also has on its vertical lateral edges 13 holes for fixing to the adjacent face module 3, at one end. adjacent or an intermediate piece acting as an amount.

La figure 2 montre schématiquement le mode de fixation du châssis 2 à un panneau de face 3. Le panneau de face 3 est constitué d'une paroi externe 14 et d'une paroi interne 15 dont les deux extrémités inférieures sont reliées par - ou de manière à former - une cornière s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale dont une première branche 16 constitue une surface d'appui sensiblement horizontale, et dont la seconde branche 17 constitue une surface d'appui sensiblement verticale. Le premier moyen de fixation 11 du panneau de face 3 au châssis 2 est formé par un profilé en U formant une section femelle et comprenant deux ailes 18, 19 et une âme 20. Une première aile 18 est soudée à la première branche 16 horizontale de la cornière, l'âme 20 est soudée à la seconde branche 17 verticale de la cornière. La deuxième aile 19 du profilé en U s'étend horizontalement vers l'intérieur de la caisse 1. Les deux ailes 18 et 19 du profilé en U comportent des perçages 21 co-axiaux.The figure 2 schematically shows the method of attachment of the frame 2 to a front panel 3. The face panel 3 consists of an outer wall 14 and an inner wall 15 whose two lower ends are connected by - or so as to form - An angle extending in the longitudinal direction, a first branch 16 is a substantially horizontal bearing surface, and the second branch 17 is a substantially vertical bearing surface. The first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 to the frame 2 is formed by a U-shaped section forming a female section and comprising two flanges 18, 19 and a core 20. A first flange 18 is welded to the first horizontal branch 16 of FIG. the angle, the core 20 is welded to the second vertical branch 17 of the angle. The second wing 19 of the U-shaped profile extends horizontally towards the inside of the body 1. The two wings 18 and 19 of the U-shaped profile comprise bores 21 coaxial.

Le terme « sensiblement » signifie dans la description que l'angle d'inclinaison par rapport à la direction indiquée peut varier de -20 à 20 degrés. Par exemple une surface sensiblement verticale sera idéalement disposée à 90° mais pratiquement, pourra être disposée à +/- 20°, c'est-à-dire entre 70° et 110 degrés.The term "substantially" in the description means that the angle of inclination with respect to the indicated direction may vary from -20 to 20 degrees. For example a substantially vertical surface will ideally be arranged at 90 ° but practically, may be disposed at +/- 20 °, that is to say between 70 ° and 110 degrees.

En variante, les parois interne 14 et externe 15 du panneau de face sont conçues de manière à constituer directement un premier moyen de fixation 11 présentant une section femelle sans qu'il ne soit nécessaire de rajouter un profilé, en modifiant structurellement les extrémités inférieures de ces parois.In a variant, the inner and outer walls 15 and 15 of the front panel are designed so as to constitute directly a first fastening means 11 having a female section without it being necessary to add a section, by structurally modifying the lower ends of the section. these walls.

Le brancard 9 présente dans un plan transversal une section mâle de forme globalement parallélépipédique qui comporte des perçages 22 coaxiaux sur ses surfaces horizontales supérieure 23 et inférieure 24. Les perçages 21 du premier moyen de fixation 11 et les perçages 22 du brancard 9 peuvent être de formes ou de diamètres identiques ou différents, mais ils sont quoi qu'il en soit réalisés avec un espacement identique pour être co-axiaux quand les moyens de fixation 9 et 11 sont emboîtés.The stretcher 9 has in a transverse plane a male section of generally parallelepipedal shape which has coaxial bores 22 on its upper and lower horizontal surfaces 23 and 24. The bores 21 of the first fastening means 11 and the bores 22 of the stretcher 9 may be of shapes or diameters identical or different, but they are made anyway with identical spacing to be coaxial when the fastening means 9 and 11 are nested.

La dimension externe de la section mâle du brancard 9 est inférieure à la dimension interne de la section femelle du premier moyen de fixation 11 (ou dans la section femelle formée par la partie inférieure du panneau de face 3) de manière à s'y emboîter avec un jeu propre à permettre un déplacement relatif des moyens de fixation emboîtés. Des éléments de fixation 25, par exemple des boulons ou des rivets, traversent les perçages 21 et 22 et assurent la rigidification des moyens de fixation 9 et 11 assemblés.The external dimension of the male section of the stretcher 9 is smaller than the internal dimension of the female section of the first attachment means 11 (or in the female section formed by the lower part of the front panel 3) so as to fit into it. with a game adapted to allow relative movement of the nested fastening means. Fasteners 25, for example bolts or rivets, pass through the bores 21 and 22 and stiffen the fastening means 9 and 11 assembled.

La figure 3 montre schématiquement le mode de fixation du pavillon 4 au panneau de face 3. Le battant 10 formant le moyen de fixation du pavillon 4 est réalisé sous la forme d'un profilé s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale comportant dans un plan transversal une section en forme de L, comprenant une section 26 sensiblement horizontale et une section secondaire 27 sensiblement verticale s'étendant vers le bas. Cette section secondaire 27 comporte des perçages 28 co-axiaux sur ses surfaces verticales interne 29 et externe 30.The figure 3 schematically shows the method of attachment of the flag 4 to the front panel 3. The leaf 10 forming the fixing means of the flag 4 is formed as a profile extending in the longitudinal direction comprising in a transverse plane an L-shaped section, comprising a substantially horizontal section 26 and a substantially vertical secondary section 27 extending downwards. This secondary section 27 has coaxial bores 28 on its inner vertical 29 and outer 30 surfaces.

Les deux extrémités supérieures de la paroi interne 14 et la paroi externe 15 du panneau de face 3 sont réunies. La paroi interne 14 est conformée de manière à former dans sa partie supérieure une cornière. La paroi interne 14 présente ainsi dans sa partie supérieure un décrochement 31 formant une surface d'appui sensiblement horizontale et s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale. Sur cette surface d'appui 31 est soudée l'âme 32 d'un profilé en U formant le second moyen 12 de fixation du panneau de face 3. Une aile 33 du profilé est soudée sur une partie supérieure sensiblement verticale 34 de la paroi interne 14 formée à cet effet. La deuxième aile 35 s'étend verticalement vers le haut de la caisse. Le profilé présente ainsi une section femelle emboîtant la section mâle du moyen de fixation 10. Les deux ailes 33 et 35 du profilé comportent des perçages 36 co-axiaux sensiblement horizontaux. Les perçages 36 de la section femelle et les perçages 28 du battant 10 sont réalisés avec un espacement identique et, comme décrit précédemment, peuvent être de formes ou de diamètres identiques ou différents.The two upper ends of the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 15 of the front panel 3 are joined together. The inner wall 14 is shaped so as to form in its upper part an angle. The inner wall 14 thus has in its upper part a recess 31 forming a substantially horizontal bearing surface and extending in the longitudinal direction. On this bearing surface 31 is welded the core 32 of a U-profile forming the second means 12 for fixing the face panel 3. A wing 33 of the profile is welded to a substantially vertical upper portion 34 of the inner wall 14 formed for that purpose. The second wing 35 extends vertically towards the top of the body. The profile thus has a female section fitting the male section of the fastening means 10. The two flanges 33 and 35 of the profile comprise bores 36 substantially coaxial horizontal. The holes 36 of the female section and the holes 28 of the leaf 10 are made with identical spacing and, as previously described, may be of the same or different shapes or diameters.

En variante, les parois interne 14 et externe 15 du panneau de face 3 sont conçues de manière à constituer une section femelle sans nécessiter le rajout d'un profilé : l'aile 35 du profilé en U peut-être par exemple remplacée par un prolongement vertical vers le haut de la paroi interne 14 pour former avec la surface d'appui 31 et la paroi 34 une section femelle.In a variant, the inner and outer walls 15 and 14 of the front panel 3 are designed so as to form a female section without requiring the addition of a profile: the flange 35 of the U-profile may for example be replaced by an extension vertically up the inner wall 14 to form with the bearing surface 31 and the wall 34 a female section.

La dimension externe de la section secondaire 27 du battant 10 formant le moyen de fixation du pavillon 4 est inférieure à la dimension interne de la section femelle de manière à s'y emboîter verticalement avec un jeu propre à permettre le déplacement relatif des moyens de fixation 10 et 12 emboîtés. Des éléments de fixation 25 (boulons ou rivets) sont disposés horizontalement au travers de la section secondaire 27 et des ailes du profilé 12 en passant par les perçages 28 et 36 qui sont disposés de manière à ce que leurs axes coïncident, de manière à rigidifier les moyens de fixation 10 et 12 emboîtés.The external dimension of the secondary section 27 of the leaf 10 forming the fixing means of the flag 4 is smaller than the internal dimension of the female section so as to fit vertically with a clearance adapted to allow the relative displacement of the fixing means 10 and 12 nested. Fasteners 25 (bolts or rivets) are arranged horizontally through the secondary section 27 and the wings of the profile 12 through the holes 28 and 36 which are arranged so that their axes coincide, so as to stiffen the fastening means 10 and 12 nested.

La suite de la description concerne le procédé d'assemblage d'une caisse telle que précédemment décrite, selon un premier mode de réalisation, en liaison avec les figures 1 à 3.The following description relates to the method of assembling a box as described above, according to a first embodiment, in connection with the Figures 1 to 3 .

Le procédé selon l'invention s'applique avantageusement à une caisse modulaire dont les éléments sont pré-fabriqués et pré-équipés : les panneaux de face 3 peuvent comporter un vitrage (ou les éléments fonctionnels de porte d'accès s'il s'agit d'un module de porte), le garnissage de face, éventuellement des câbles pour l'alimentation individuelle en électricité des équipements électriques visant au confort des passagers et ils sont déjà peints. Le châssis 2 peut comporter un plancher isolé et le pavillon 4 peut déjà être équipé des lignes de train côté extérieur et du garnissage du plafond côté intérieur.The method according to the invention is advantageously applicable to a modular box whose elements are pre-manufactured and pre-equipped: the face panels 3 may comprise a glazing unit (or the functional elements of access door if it is is a door module), the face lining, possibly cables for the individual power supply of electrical equipment for the comfort of passengers and they are already painted. The frame 2 may have an insulated floor and the roof 4 may already be equipped with the outer side of the train lines and the interior ceiling lining.

La première étape consiste à poser le châssis 2 à plat sur des supports au sol de manière à être de niveau. Il n'y a aucun besoin de conformateur ni d'équipement particulier.The first step is to lay the chassis 2 flat on supports on the ground so as to be level. There is no need for shaping or special equipment.

L'étape d'assemblage consiste à ramener les bouts 5 sur chacune des extrémités du châssis 2 (Flèche F1 sur la figure 1) et à les fixer rigidement au châssis 2. Ils sont conçus pour présenter une rigidité telle qu'ils peuvent tenir en position verticale sans autre équipement de soutien.The assembly step consists in bringing the ends 5 on each of the ends of the frame 2 (arrow F 1 on the figure 1 ) and to rigidly attach them to the frame 2. They are designed to have such rigidity that they can hold in a vertical position without any other support equipment.

Un premier panneau de face 3 tenu verticalement par des moyens classiques (par pont, ventouse, etc..) est ensuite amené à une extrémité du châssis 2 par un mouvement de translation horizontal vers le brancard 9 (flèche F2 sur la figure 1) formant le moyen de fixation du châssis 2. La section mâle du brancard 9 est emboîtée dans la direction transversale dans la section femelle du premier moyen de fixation 11 du panneau de face 3. Les perçages 21 et 22 sont alignés et seuls quelques éléments de fixation 25 (par exemple deux ou trois boulons) sont simplement disposés au travers des perçages, verticalement, sans les contraindre, de sorte que la liaison entre les moyens de fixation emboîtés 9, 11 n'est pas rigidifiée (par exemple, si les éléments de fixation sont des boulons, ceux-ci ne sont pas serrés). Ainsi, chaque élément de fixation 25 donne un petit degré de liberté de mouvement dans les trois directions de l'espace au châssis 2 et au panneau de face 3 assemblés, de manière notamment à permettre l'alignement des panneaux de face 3 suivants. L'assemblage présente toutefois une rigidité suffisante pour retenir le panneau de face 3 en position verticale, grâce à l'action conjuguée des ailes de la section femelle entourant la section mâle et des éléments de fixation 25 les traversant, qui s'oppose au moment de rotation du panneau de face 3 autour d'un axe longitudinal. Les éléments de fixation 25 réalisent ainsi une double fonction de retenue dans le sens où ils retiennent le panneau de face 3 en position verticale sans bloquer les mouvements de rotation autour d'un axe longitudinal et simultanément, limitent les déplacements du panneau de face 3 dans le sens longitudinal le long du brancard 9, sans toutefois bloquer ce déplacement longitudinal.A first face panel 3 held vertically by conventional means (bridge, suction cup, etc.) is then brought to one end of the frame 2 by a horizontal translational movement to the stretcher 9 (arrow F 2 on the figure 1 ) forming the fastening means of the frame 2. The male section of the stretcher 9 is nested in the transverse direction in the female section of the first attachment means 11 of the face panel 3. The holes 21 and 22 are aligned and only a few elements of 25 (for example two or three bolts) are simply arranged through the holes, vertically, without constraining them, so that the connection between the fastened fastening means 9, 11 is not stiffened (for example, if the elements fasteners are bolts, these are not tight). Thus, each fastener 25 gives a small degree of freedom of movement in the three directions of space to the frame 2 and the face panel 3 assembled, in particular to allow the alignment of the following front panels 3. The assembly, however, has sufficient rigidity to retain the face panel 3 in the vertical position, thanks to the combined action of the wings of the female section surrounding the male section and fasteners 25 therethrough, which opposes the moment rotation of the face panel 3 about a longitudinal axis. The fastening elements 25 thus perform a double function of retention in the sense that they hold the face panel 3 in a vertical position without blocking the rotational movements about a longitudinal axis and simultaneously limit the movements of the face panel 3 in the longitudinal direction along the stretcher 9, without however blocking this longitudinal movement.

Puis, le panneau de face 3 est relié au bout 5 par la pose de quelques éléments de fixation 25 non contraints sur les bords latéraux adjacents 13 du panneau de face et 37 du bout 5. Ce dernier sert ainsi de guide pour disposer les panneaux de face 3 suivants, qui sont amenés et assemblés de la même manière que le premier panneau de face extrême sur le châssis 2.Then, the face panel 3 is connected to the end 5 by the installation of a few unconstrained fasteners 25 on the adjacent side edges 13 of the face panel and 37 of the end 5. The latter thus serves as a guide for arranging the panels of 3, which are brought and assembled in the same way as the first end-face panel on the frame 2.

La liaison verticale entre deux panneaux de face 3 adjacents est réalisée par la pose de quelques éléments de fixation 25 non contraints au travers de perçages réalisés sur les bords latéraux 13 des panneaux de face 3 ou sur une pièce de liaison verticale rapportée faisant office de montant.The vertical connection between two adjacent face panels 3 is achieved by the installation of a few unconstrained fastening elements 25 through holes made on the lateral edges 13 of the face panels 3 or on a vertical connecting piece which acts as a stud .

Il est bien sûr possible de poser simultanément les quatre panneaux de face extrêmes de manière à gagner du temps de montage. L'assemblage des panneaux de face 3 suivants sur le châssis 2 peut aussi être réalisé en parallèle sur les deux côtés du châssis, ce qui offre encore une possibilité de gain de cycle.It is of course possible to install the four extreme face panels simultaneously in order to save installation time. The assembly of the following front panels 3 on the frame 2 can also be performed in parallel on both sides of the frame, which still offers a possibility of cycle gain.

Une fois tous les panneaux de face 3 emboîtés sur le châssis 2, le pavillon 4 est amené par un mouvement vertical de haut en bas au-dessus de la caisse de manière à ce que la section secondaire 27 de chaque battant 10 s'emboîte dans la section femelle des profilés des panneaux de face 3 (flèche F3). Quelques éléments de fixation 25 sont disposés au travers des perçages 28 et 36 alignés. Les traverses d'extrémité du pavillon 4 (non représentées sur la figure 1) sont enfin fixées à la partie supérieure transversale de chaque bout 5, par exemple par boulonnage horizontal au travers des perçages 38 des bouts 5.Once all the panels of face 3 nested on the frame 2, the flag 4 is brought by a vertical movement up and down above the box so that the secondary section 27 of each leaf 10 fits into the female section of the profiles of the face panels 3 (arrow F 3 ). Some fasteners 25 are arranged through the holes 28 and 36 aligned. The sleepers 4 (not shown on the figure 1 ) are finally fixed to the transverse upper part of each end 5, for example by horizontal bolting through the holes 38 of the ends 5.

La caisse 1 obtenue présente de nombreux jeux qui se compensent et permettent de positionner facilement les modules entre eux. Ainsi, dans une deuxième étape d'ajustement, les modules sont déplacés dans les directions de l'espace où ils possèdent au moins un degré de liberté afin d'aligner tous les perçages 21 et 22, 28 et 36 et les perçages des bords latéraux 13 des panneaux de face 3. Ce déplacement est toutefois limité par l'action de retenue qu'exercent les éléments de fixation 25 disposés au travers des moyens de fixation emboîtés. L'emboîtement des respectifs moyens de fixation 9, 10, 11, 12 et la résistance au cisaillement qu'offrent les éléments de fixation 25 disposés au travers de ces moyens emboîtés assurent aux modules assemblés de la caisse une rigidité suffisante pour les maintenir sans conformateur.The box 1 obtained has many games that offset each other and allow to easily position the modules together. Thus, in a second adjustment step, the modules are moved in the directions of the space where they have at least one degree of freedom in order to align all the holes 21 and 22, 28 and 36 and the holes of the lateral edges However, this movement is limited by the retaining action exerted by the fastening elements 25 arranged through the nested fastening means. The interlocking of the respective attachment means 9, 10, 11, 12 and the shear resistance provided by the fastening elements 25 arranged through these nested means ensure the assembled modules of the box a sufficient rigidity to maintain them without shaper .

Une fois que tous les moyens de fixation 9, 10, 11, 12 sont emboîtés, retenus et que leurs positions sont ajustées, tous les éléments de fixation 25 sont disposés au travers de tous les perçages alignés des moyens de fixation emboîtés 9, 10, 11, 12 et des bords latéraux 13 adjacents des panneaux de face 3.Once all the fastening means 9, 10, 11, 12 are engaged, retained and their positions are adjusted, all the fastening elements 25 are arranged through all the aligned bores of the nested fastening means 9, 10, 11, 12 and adjacent side edges 13 of the face panels 3.

Dans une dernière et troisième étape, les liaisons châssis 2 / panneau 3, panneau 3 / pavillon 4 et panneau 3 / panneau 3 sont rigidifiées de manière à obtenir une caisse rigidement assemblée en contraignant (par exemple par serrage ou vissage) tous les éléments de fixation 25. La contrainte des éléments de fixation 25 bloque ainsi les déplacements dans les trois directions de l'espace des moyens de fixation 9, 10, 11, 12 emboîtés.In a last and third step, the links chassis 2 / panel 3, panel 3 / roof 4 and panel 3 / panel 3 are stiffened so as to obtain a rigidly assembled box by constraining (for example by tightening or screwing) all the elements of Fixing 25. The constraint of the fastening elements 25 thus blocks displacements in the three directions of the space of the fastening means 9, 10, 11, 12 fitted together.

En variante, le châssis 2 peut être fixé rigidement à une traverse d'extrémité inférieure du châssis d'un deuxième véhicule pour fabriquer un véhicule de plus grande longueur. Dans ce cas, les panneaux de face 3 du véhicule sont reliés aux panneaux de face d'extrémité de ce deuxième véhicule au lieu d'être fixés à des bouts. De même, le pavillon 4 sera fixé à la traverse de tête du deuxième véhicule et non à la partie supérieure transversale du bout 5.Alternatively, the frame 2 may be rigidly attached to a lower end beam of the frame of a second vehicle to manufacture a vehicle of greater length. In this case, the vehicle's face panels 3 are connected to the end face panels of this second vehicle instead of being attached to ends. Similarly, the flag 4 will be fixed to the crosshead of the second vehicle and not to the upper transverse part of the tip 5.

La caisse 1 est terminée et partiellement garnie. Il ne reste plus qu'à finir l'aménagement intérieur pour terminer la fabrication de la voiture ferroviaire.Cashier 1 is completed and partially stocked. It only remains to finish the interior design to complete the manufacture of the railway car.

L'avantage d'une caisse selon l'invention est de mettre en oeuvre des moyens de fixation simples à fabriquer et agencés de telle sorte que, de par leur forme, leur dimensionnement et leur positionnement, ils permettent l'assemblage des éléments de la caisse sans conformateur.The advantage of a box according to the invention is to implement simple fixing means to manufacture and arranged so that, by their shape, their dimensioning and their positioning, they allow the assembly of the elements of the crate without shaper.

Les avantages du procédé sont :

  • de permettre la fabrication d'une caisse sans conformateur, d'où un gain économique substantiel. Seuls des équipements traditionnels de levage comme des ponts sont nécessaires.
  • un gain de place significatif puisque le nombre de conformateurs nécessaires par année et par matériel fabriqué peut vite nécessiter de très grandes surfaces d'entreposages.
  • un cycle de fabrication réduit au moins de moitié par rapport à un cycle de fabrication avec un conformateur.
  • l'utilisation d'une méthode d'assemblage à froid peu coûteuse, simple et ne nécessitant pas de main d'oeuvre qualifiée.
  • une mise en oeuvre très simple.
  • de ne nécessiter que de petites chambres de peinture ou de corindonnage puisque seules de petites pièces sont manipulées.
The advantages of the process are:
  • to allow the manufacture of a box without shaper, resulting in a substantial economic gain. Only traditional lifting equipment such as bridges are needed.
  • a significant space saving since the number of conformers needed per year and manufactured equipment can quickly require very large storage areas.
  • a manufacturing cycle reduces by at least half compared to a manufacturing cycle with a shaper.
  • the use of an inexpensive cold assembly method, simple and not requiring skilled labor.
  • a very simple implementation.
  • to require only small paint chambers or corundonnage since only small parts are manipulated.

De nombreuses variantes du dispositif d'assemblage sont possibles. Par exemple, comme représentées sur les figures 4a à 4c, les sections mâles et femelles des premiers moyens de fixation 11 des panneaux de face 3 et des moyens de fixation 9 du châssis 2 peuvent être inversées ou disposées différemment. Ainsi, le brancard 9 peut présenter une section femelle dans laquelle vient s'emboîter la section mâle du premier moyen de fixation 11 du panneau de face 3 (fig. 4a et 4b). Le premier moyen de fixation 11 du panneau de face 3 présente alors une section mâle s'emboîtant dans la section femelle formée sur ou par le brancard 9. L'âme de la section femelle peut être disposée au choix à la verticale (fig. 2, fig. 4b) ou à l'horizontale (fig. 4a, fig. 4c).Many variants of the assembly device are possible. For example, as represented on the Figures 4a to 4c the male and female sections of the first fastening means 11 of the face panels 3 and the fastening means 9 of the frame 2 may be reversed or arranged differently. Thus, the stretcher 9 may have a female section into which the male section of the first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 (FIG. Fig. 4a and 4b ). The first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 then has a male section fitting into the female section formed on or by the stretcher 9. The core of the female section can be arranged vertically ( Fig. 2 , Fig. 4b ) or horizontally ( Fig. 4a, fig. 4c ).

De même (variantes non représentées) les sections mâle et femelle des seconds moyens de fixation 12 des panneaux de face 3 et des moyens de fixation 10 du pavillon 4 peuvent être inversées : le pavillon 4 peut présenter une section femelle dans laquelle vient s'emboîter la section mâle du second moyen de fixation 12 du panneau de face 3. L'âme de la section femelle peut être disposée à la verticale ou à l'horizontale.Similarly (variants not shown) the male and female sections of the second fastening means 12 of the face panels 3 and the fastening means 10 of the roof 4 can be reversed: the roof 4 can have a female section in which it fits together the male section of the second attachment means 12 of the face panel 3. The core of the female section may be arranged vertically or horizontally.

Les moyens de fixation 9 et 10 du châssis 2 et du pavillon 4 peuvent être conçus de manière à comprendre les sections femelles, les premier et second moyens de fixation 11 et 12 des panneaux de face ne comportant alors que des sections mâles.The fastening means 9 and 10 of the frame 2 and the flag 4 may be designed to include the female sections, the first and second fastening means 11 and 12 of the face panels then having only male sections.

Les moyens de fixation peuvent aussi être conçus de manière « mixte ». Le brancard 9 peut présenter par exemple une section femelle dont l'âme est disposée à l'horizontale, et le second moyen de fixation 12 du panneau de face 3 peut présenter une section femelle dont l'âme est disposée à la verticale. Ils emboîteront respectivement des sections mâles disposées sur le premier moyen de fixation 11 du panneau de face 3 et sur le battant 10.The fastening means may also be designed in a "mixed" manner. The stretcher 9 may for example have a female section whose core is disposed horizontally, and the second fastening means 12 of the face panel 3 may have a female section whose core is arranged vertically. They will respectively fit male sections disposed on the first fastening means 11 of the face panel 3 and on the wing 10.

Bien entendu, les directions d'assemblage des différents éléments formant la caisse 1 lors du procédé d'assemblage devront être adaptées en fonction des dispositions horizontales ou verticales de l'âme des sections femelles. Par exemple, si l'âme de la section femelle du brancard 9 ou du premier moyen de fixation 11 est disposée à l'horizontale, le panneau de face 3 devra être amené au dessus du châssis 2 dans un mouvement vertical pour que la section mâle y soit emboîtée.Of course, the assembly directions of the various elements forming the body 1 during the assembly process will have to be adapted according to the horizontal or vertical provisions of the soul of the female sections. For example, if the soul of the female section of the stretcher 9 or the first attachment means 11 is disposed horizontally, the face panel 3 must be brought above the frame 2 in a vertical movement so that the male section be nested.

Claims (14)

  1. Railway vehicle body (1) comprising a chassis (2), a roof (4) and side panels (3), the chassis (2) and the roof (4) being provided with fastening means (9, 10) on their longitudinal edges, the side panels (3) being provided, on their lower and upper edges, with first and second fastening means (11, 12) interacting with the fastening means (9, 10) of the chassis (2) and roof (4), respectively, the fastening means (9, 10) of the chassis (2) and of the roof (4) and the fastening means (11, 12) of the side panels (3) having complementary interfitting profiles, characterized in that the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the chassis (2), of the roof (4) and of the side panels (3) comprise coaxial bores (21, 22, 28, 36) produced before their interfitting, and fastening elements (25) placed through said coaxial bores (21, 22, 28, 36), ensuring the rigidification of the interfitted fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the side panels (3) to the chassis (2) and roof (4).
  2. Body (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the interfitting profiles are designed to ensure the side panels (3) are held in place relative to the chassis (2) and the roof (4) with an adjustment play enabling a relative movement of the side panels (3) relative to the chassis (2) and roof (4).
  3. Body (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that one of the interfitting profiles has a female section comprising at least two flanges and a web whereas the complementary interfitting profile has a male section designed to fit into the female section.
  4. Body (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is assembled by a cold assembly method.
  5. Body (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the chassis (2), roof (4) and side panels (3) are arranged longitudinally on the chassis (2), roof (4) and side panels (3).
  6. Body (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening elements (25) are bolts or rivets.
  7. A process for manufacturing a railway vehicle body (1) comprising a chassis (2), a roof (4) and side panels (3), the chassis (2) and the roof (4) being provided with fastening means (9, 10) on their longitudinal edges, the side panels (3) being provided with a first fastening means (11) on their lower edge and a second fastening means (12) on their upper edge, characterized in that it comprises the following steps in succession, taken in this order:
    - the chassis (2), the roof (4) and at least two side panels (3) are assembled by interfitting the fastening means (9, 10) of the chassis (2) and roof (4) with the first (11) and second (12) fastening means provided on the side panels (3), respectively;
    - the relative positions of the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the chassis (2), roof (4) and side panels (3) are adjusted; and
    - the joints between the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the chassis (2), roof (4) and side panels (3) are rigidified only after all the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) have been interfitted and their relative positions adjusted, by means of:
    i.coaxial bores (21, 22, 28, 36) provided in said fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the chassis (2), roof (4) and side panels (3) and produced before their assembly by interfitting; and
    ii. fastening elements (25) placed through said coaxial bores (21, 22, 28, 36).
  8. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the body is assembled by a cold assembly method.
  9. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to either of Claims 7 and 8, characterized in that during the assembly step all the side panels (3) are assembled with the chassis (2) and roof (4).
  10. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that during the assembly step, the side panels (3) are first assembled with the chassis (2) by interfitting their respective fastening means (9, 11), and the roof (4) is then assembled with the side panels (3) by interfitting their respective fastening means (10, 12).
  11. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that during the assembly step, respective movements of the interfitted fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) are limited in the directions in space in which at least one degree of freedom exists by placing a few fastening elements (25) through bores (21, 22, 28, 36) produced beforehand in the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12).
  12. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that during the step of adjusting the relative positions of the fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12) of the chassis (2), roof (4) and side panels (3), the interfitted fastening means are moved in the directions in space in which they possess at least one degree of freedom in order to align the axes of all the bores (21, 22, 28, 36).
  13. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the adjustment step is finalized by placing all the fastening elements (25) through all the coaxial bores (21, 22, 28, 36).
  14. Process for manufacturing a body (1) according to one of Claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the rigidification of the body is achieved by blocking movements in the three directions in space of the respectively interfitted fastening means (9, 10, 11, 12).
EP20090172003 2008-10-03 2009-10-01 Bodyshell for railway vehicle and manufacturing process therefore Active EP2172382B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0856728A FR2936765B1 (en) 2008-10-03 2008-10-03 RAILWAY CAR CASE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A BOX.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2172382A1 EP2172382A1 (en) 2010-04-07
EP2172382B1 true EP2172382B1 (en) 2014-03-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20090172003 Active EP2172382B1 (en) 2008-10-03 2009-10-01 Bodyshell for railway vehicle and manufacturing process therefore

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EP (1) EP2172382B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2473492T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2936765B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6185726B2 (en) * 2013-02-25 2017-08-23 川崎重工業株式会社 Railway vehicle structure
FR3054192B1 (en) * 2016-07-19 2019-06-28 Alstom Transport Technologies METHOD OF ASSEMBLING RAILWAY VEHICLE
GB2612765A (en) * 2021-09-20 2023-05-17 Vlr Tech Limited A panel, support rib and cantrail

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007567A (en) * 1974-03-05 1977-02-15 Pritchard-King, Inc. Truck body assembly
DE9320494U1 (en) * 1993-09-08 1994-09-22 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Body structure for railway carriages for passenger transport
DE19606792A1 (en) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-28 Abb Daimler Benz Transp Rail vehicle with car body
EP1010606A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-21 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Body structures for motor cars
SE521440C2 (en) 2001-01-26 2003-11-04 Bombardier Transp Gmbh A wagon basket for a rail vehicle of modular construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2172382A1 (en) 2010-04-07
FR2936765A1 (en) 2010-04-09
FR2936765B1 (en) 2014-02-28
ES2473492T3 (en) 2014-07-07

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