EP3299246B1 - A body structure of a railway vehicle - Google Patents

A body structure of a railway vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3299246B1
EP3299246B1 EP17192666.0A EP17192666A EP3299246B1 EP 3299246 B1 EP3299246 B1 EP 3299246B1 EP 17192666 A EP17192666 A EP 17192666A EP 3299246 B1 EP3299246 B1 EP 3299246B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
strip
panel
recess
body structure
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EP17192666.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3299246A1 (en
Inventor
Stéphane Roll
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Priority to PL17192666T priority Critical patent/PL3299246T3/en
Publication of EP3299246A1 publication Critical patent/EP3299246A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/10—Floors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rail vehicle body structure.
  • the floors of the structure can be made of aluminum, while other parts such as the floor support rails are made of steel.
  • the various elements which compose it by welding it is preferable to join together the various elements which compose it by welding.
  • the welding of steel elements with aluminum elements requires special precautions, insofar as these materials are difficult to weld together and tend to generate galvanic corrosion when they are brought into contact.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a new body structure, the manufacture of which is more easy and less expensive, this new body structure not being less solid and durable than the known structures.
  • the invention also proposes a method of manufacturing such a structure, simple to implement (without chips or restrictive tolerance), economical, allowing direct assembly, and allowing to obtain a final structure having a high mechanical resistance.
  • the invention particularly relates to a body structure according to claim 1.
  • the structure is therefore produced on the one hand by inserting the slat into the notch, then by blocking the slat with respect to the notch thanks to the pin, passing through the panel and welded to the slat.
  • This assembly is simple and economical to produce, and has satisfactory mechanical strength.
  • FIG. 1 One represented on the figure 1 a body structure 1 of a railway vehicle, of the wagon, car or locomotive type.
  • the term "body” designates the upper part of the vehicle, resting on the bogies of the vehicle.
  • the crate is intended to contain people or goods transported by the vehicle or a traction assembly in the case of a locomotive.
  • the body comprises at least one horizontal panel 2 forming a floor, and side walls 4, only one of which is partially visible on the figure 1 , which rise from the floor 2 to define an interior volume V of the body.
  • several floors can be provided in order to form levels within the crate.
  • the body preferably comprises a roof or a roof, not shown, closing the volume V from above, and interior and exterior trim elements, also not shown.
  • the structure 1 also comprises a frame 6, formed mainly by an assembly of support elements, of the beam and upright type.
  • the support elements are made at least predominantly, or even completely, of steel or a steel alloy, to give the frame 6 a predetermined mechanical strength as a function of the conditions of use of the vehicle.
  • predominantly is meant that more than 50% by weight of each support element is made of steel or a steel alloy.
  • at least the majority of the support elements form metal profiles.
  • the support members are assembled with each other by welding, riveting, bolting, or any other suitable technique.
  • the frame 6 therefore constitutes a rigid framework, the main purpose of which is to support the equipment elements, including the floor 2 and the side walls 4.
  • Two longitudinal rows of vertical uprights support the side walls 4 of the body.
  • the frame 6 also includes at least two support elements 8, also called stretchers, only one of which is visible on the figure 1 , each forming a longitudinal beam of the frame 6.
  • Each of the support elements 8 connects the vertical uprights of one of the longitudinal rows to each other, being welded to these vertical uprights.
  • Each support element 8 is made of steel, or of a steel alloy, at least predominantly, and preferably completely.
  • Each support element 8 is preferably formed by a profile, that is to say a part obtained by extrusion of material, or is formed by an assembly of profiles fixed together.
  • the support elements 8 are arranged at the same height, between the two rows of vertical uprights and support the floor panel 2 of the structure 1.
  • each support element 8 has a flat fixing surface 9 and oriented along a longitudinal plane parallel to the walls 4.
  • Each fixing surface 9 is turned towards the inside of the body, so that the two fixing surfaces 9 face each other.
  • Each support element 8 also comprises a part shaped to receive a lower end of the vertical uprights, opposite the fixing surface 9.
  • the panel 2 for its part comprises a profile at least predominantly, or even totally, of aluminum or of an aluminum alloy, so that it is particularly easy to manufacture and comprises a reduced number of parts.
  • predominantly is meant that more than 90% by weight of the panel 2 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the panel 2 comprises for example a first horizontal upper plate and a second lower plate, disposed away from, and parallel to, the first plate.
  • the panel 2 is delimited laterally by two longitudinal edges 18, only one of which is visible on the figure 1 , facing the mounting surface 9.
  • Panel 2 shown in more detail on figure 2 , has a first surface 15A delimited by the edge 18, and a second surface 15B parallel to the first surface 15A and opposite to this first surface 15A.
  • the panel 2 comprises at least a first notch 16A, formed on said edge 18, and extending parallel to the first surface 15A, close to this first surface 15A.
  • the panel 2 also includes a second notch 16B, parallel to the first notch 16A, and extending close to the second surface 15B.
  • the body structure 1 comprises means 34 for fixing the support element 8 with the panel 2.
  • the fixing means 34 comprise at least a first slat 14A of steel alloy, integral with the support element 8, inserted in said first notch 16A.
  • the fixing means 34 also comprise at least one second slat 14B parallel to the first slat 14A, also made of steel alloy, integral with the support element 8, and inserted in said second notch 16B.
  • each slat 14A, 14B has a longitudinal outer edge S 'through which this slat 14A, 14B is welded to the support member 8.
  • each slat 14A, 14B is integral with the support element 8, and belongs to this support element 8.
  • the fixing means 34 also comprise, for the first notch 16A, respectively second notch 16B, a first pin 24A, respectively second pin 24B, extending between a head 26A, 26B and one end 28A, 28B.
  • the first pin 24A extends through the panel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 15A, up to an interface 30A between the first notch 16A and the first slat 14A.
  • the head 26A rests on the first surface 15A, and the end 28A is friction welded with the first slat 14A.
  • the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26A of the first pin 24A and the weld between the end 28A of the first pin 24A and the first batten 14A.
  • the second pin 24B extends through the panel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the second surface 15B, up to an interface between the second notch 16B and the second slat 14B.
  • Head 26B rests on second surface 15B, and end 28B is friction welded with second batten 14B.
  • the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26B of the second pin 24B and the weld between the end 28B of the second pin 24B and the second batten 14A.
  • the panel 2 and the support element 8 are blocked with respect to each other by the pins 24A, 24B and by the cooperation of the slats 14A, 14B in the notches 16A, 16B.
  • the manufacturing process comprises a step of supplying the panel 2 provided with the notches 16A, 16B, and a step of supplying the support element 8 provided with the slats 14A, 14B.
  • the method then comprises inserting each slat 14A, 14B into the corresponding notch 16A, 16B.
  • the method then comprises the positioning of the first pin 24A, against the first surface 15A, in line with the first notch 16A in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 15A.
  • the method then comprises the rotation of said first pin 24A, and the penetration of the first pin 24A in the panel 2, through the first surface 15A, so as to form a passage orifice 29A extending from the first surface 15A up to the interface 30A between the first notch 16A and the first slat 14A.
  • the method finally comprises friction welding between the end 28A of the first pin 24A and first slat 14A, at the interface 30A between the first notch 16A and this the first slat 14A.
  • the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26A of the first pin 24A, resting on said outline of the passage opening 29A, and the end 28A of the first pin 24A, welded to the first batten 14A.
  • the assembly 10 comprises several pairs of notches 16A, 16B and slats 14A, 14B
  • the operations of inserting the pin 24A, 24B and welding its end 28A, 28B on the corresponding slat 14A, 14B are repeated for each pair of notches 16A, 16B and batten 141, 14B.
  • the method also comprises the positioning of the second pin 24B, against the second surface 15B, in line with the second notch 16B in a direction perpendicular to the second surface 15B.
  • the method then comprises rotating said second pin 24B, and penetrating the second pin 24B into the panel 2, through the second surface 15B, so as to form a through hole 29 extending from the second surface 15B to 'at the interface between the second notch 16B and the second slat 14B.
  • the method finally comprises friction welding between the end 28B of the second pin 24B and second slat 14B, at the interface between the second notch 16B and the second slat 14B.
  • the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26B of the second pin 24B, resting on said outline of the passage opening 29, and the end 28B of the second pin 24B, welded to the second batten 14B.

Description

La présente invention concerne une structure de caisse de véhicule ferroviaire.The present invention relates to a rail vehicle body structure.

Pour réaliser une structure de caisse d'un véhicule ferroviaire, telle qu'une voiture ou un wagon, il est connu d'assembler des éléments réalisés avec des matériaux métalliques différents, afin d'optimiser le poids de la caisse. En particulier, les planchers de la structure peuvent être réalisés en aluminium, alors que d'autres pièces comme les brancards de support des planchers sont réalisés en acier. Afin de garantir la solidité et la longévité de la structure, il est préférable de solidariser entre eux les différents éléments qui la composent par soudage. Or, le soudage d'éléments en acier avec des éléments en aluminium nécessite des précautions particulières, dans la mesure où ces matériaux sont difficiles à souder entre eux et ont tendance à générer une corrosion galvanique lorsqu'ils sont mis en contact.To achieve a body structure of a railway vehicle, such as a car or a wagon, it is known to assemble elements made with different metallic materials, in order to optimize the weight of the body. In particular, the floors of the structure can be made of aluminum, while other parts such as the floor support rails are made of steel. In order to guarantee the solidity and the longevity of the structure, it is preferable to join together the various elements which compose it by welding. However, the welding of steel elements with aluminum elements requires special precautions, insofar as these materials are difficult to weld together and tend to generate galvanic corrosion when they are brought into contact.

On connait déjà dans l'état de la technique, notamment d'après EP 2 844 415 , un procédé d'assemblage, notamment d'une première pièce en aluminium et d'une seconde pièce en acier, par une technique dite de friction/fusion/liaison (« friction melt bonding »).We already know in the state of the art, in particular from EP 2 844 415 , an assembly process, in particular of a first aluminum part and of a second steel part, by a technique called friction / fusion / bonding (“friction melt bonding”).

Cependant, cette technique est à l'heure actuelle peu développée et les équipements nécessaires à sa mise en œuvre sont particulièrement onéreux.However, this technique is currently underdeveloped and the equipment necessary for its implementation is particularly expensive.

Il est également connu de solidariser une partie en aluminium et une partie en acier à l'aide à l'aide d'un soudage par explosion, ce qui peut s'avérer onéreux et complexe. Par ailleurs, du fait de son mode de mise en œuvre particulier, cette soudure par explosion est généralement réalisée à l'avance, séparément des autres étapes d'assemblage de la structure. A cela s'ajoute la nécessité de souder l'élément composite aux planchers, avec une soudure aluminium sur aluminium, et aux faces, avec une soudure acier sur acier. En conséquence, un total de trois technologies de soudage différentes est nécessaire pour assembler les planchers en aluminium avec les faces en acier.It is also known to join together an aluminum part and a steel part using explosion welding, which can prove to be expensive and complex. Moreover, because of its particular mode of implementation, this explosion welding is generally carried out in advance, separately from the other stages of assembly of the structure. In addition, there is the need to weld the composite element to the floors, with an aluminum-to-aluminum weld, and to the faces, with a steel-to-steel weld. As a result, a total of three different welding technologies are required to join the aluminum floors with the steel faces.

Enfin, il est également connu, dans l'état de la technique, un procédé de soudage par friction/malaxage (« friction stir welding »).Finally, it is also known, in the state of the art, a method of welding by friction / mixing ("friction stir welding").

Cependant, une telle technique ne permet pas d'obtenir une structure finale présentant une forte résistance mécanique en raison de la faible taille des points de soudures.However, such a technique does not make it possible to obtain a final structure exhibiting high mechanical strength due to the small size of the welds.

On connait également, d'après US 4 154 172 , une structure similaire au préambule de la revendication 1.We also know, from US 4,154,172 , a structure similar to the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention a notamment pour but de remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur susmentionnés en proposant une nouvelle structure de caisse dont la fabrication est plus facile et moins onéreuse, cette nouvelle structure de caisse n'étant pas moins solide et durable que les structures connues.The object of the invention is in particular to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a new body structure, the manufacture of which is more easy and less expensive, this new body structure not being less solid and durable than the known structures.

L'invention propose également un procédé de fabrication d'une telle structure, simple à mettre en œuvre (sans copeaux ni tolérance contraignante), économique, permettant un assemblage direct, et permettant l'obtention d'une structure finale présentant une importante résistance mécaniqueThe invention also proposes a method of manufacturing such a structure, simple to implement (without chips or restrictive tolerance), economical, allowing direct assembly, and allowing to obtain a final structure having a high mechanical resistance.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour notamment pour objet une structure de caisse selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention particularly relates to a body structure according to claim 1.

La structure est donc réalisée d'une part par l'insertion de la latte dans l'encoche, puis par le blocage de la latte par rapport à l'encoche grâce au pion, passant à travers le panneau et soudé à la latte.The structure is therefore produced on the one hand by inserting the slat into the notch, then by blocking the slat with respect to the notch thanks to the pin, passing through the panel and welded to the slat.

Cet assemblage est simple et économique à réaliser, et présente une résistance mécanique satisfaisante.This assembly is simple and economical to produce, and has satisfactory mechanical strength.

Une structure selon l'invention peut comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou selon toutes combinaisons techniquement envisageables :

  • Le panneau présente une seconde surface parallèle à la première face, et opposée à cette première face, le panneau présente au moins une seconde encoche ménagée dans son bord longitudinal, parallèlement à la première encoche, et la structure de caisse comprenant au moins une seconde latte en alliage d'acier, parallèle à la première latte et solidaire de l'élément de support, insérée dans ladite seconde encoche.
  • La structure de caisse comporte au moins un second pion de fixation, comprenant une tête et une extrémité, traversant le panneau entre la seconde surface et l'interface entre la seconde encoche et la seconde latte, la tête du second pion de fixation coopérant avec la seconde surface et l'extrémité du second pion étant soudée par friction avec la seconde latte.
  • Chaque latte est venue de matière avec l'élément de support, et appartient à cet élément de support.
  • Chaque latte présente un bord externe longitudinal par l'intermédiaire duquel cette latte est soudée sur l'élément de support.
  • L'élément de support forme un brancard et le panneau forme un plancher.
A structure according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically conceivable combination:
  • The panel has a second surface parallel to the first face, and opposite to this first face, the panel has at least one second notch formed in its longitudinal edge, parallel to the first notch, and the body structure comprising at least one second slat made of steel alloy, parallel to the first slat and integral with the support element, inserted in said second notch.
  • The body structure comprises at least a second fixing pin, comprising a head and an end, passing through the panel between the second surface and the interface between the second notch and the second slat, the head of the second fixing pin cooperating with the second surface and the end of the second pin being friction welded to the second batten.
  • Each slat is integral with the support element, and belongs to this support element.
  • Each slat has a longitudinal outer edge through which this slat is welded to the support element.
  • The support member forms a stretcher and the panel forms a floor.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'une structure de caisse telle que définie précédemment, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes :

  • fourniture du châssis comportant l'élément de support, l'élément de support portant au moins la première latte,
  • fourniture du panneau présentant au moins la première encoche dans son premier bord,
  • insertion de la première latte dans la première encoche,
  • positionnement du premier pion au droit de la première encoche dans une direction transversale perpendiculaire à la première surface,
  • mise en rotation du premier pion ;
  • pénétration du premier pion dans le panneau, de manière à former un premier orifice de passage s'étendant dans la direction transversale, depuis la première surface jusqu'à une interface entre la première encoche et la première latte,
  • soudage par friction entre l'extrémité du premier pion et la première latte, à l'interface entre la première encoche et la première latte, de sorte que le panneau soit en partie intercalé entre la tête du premier pion, reposant sur un contour du premier orifice de passage, et l'extrémité du premier pion soudée à la première latte.
The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a body structure as defined above, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • provision of the frame comprising the support element, the support element carrying at least the first slat,
  • provision of the panel having at least the first notch in its first edge,
  • insertion of the first batten in the first notch,
  • positioning of the first pin to the right of the first notch in a transverse direction perpendicular to the first surface,
  • rotation of the first pawn;
  • penetration of the first pin into the panel, so as to form a first passage opening extending in the transverse direction, from the first surface to an interface between the first notch and the first slat,
  • friction welding between the end of the first stud and the first batten, at the interface between the first notch and the first batten, so that the panel is partly interposed between the head of the first stud, resting on an outline of the first through hole, and the end of the first pin welded to the first batten.

Avantageusement, le procédé comporte en outre les étapes suivantes :

  • insertion de la seconde latte dans la seconde encoche,
  • positionnement du second pion au droit de la seconde encoche dans une direction transversale perpendiculaire à la seconde surface,
  • mise en rotation du second pion ;
  • pénétration du second pion dans le panneau, de manière à former un second orifice de passage s'étendant dans la direction transversale, depuis la seconde surface jusqu'à une interface entre la seconde encoche et la seconde latte,
  • soudage par friction entre l'extrémité du second pion et la seconde latte, à l'interface entre la seconde encoche et la seconde latte, de sorte que le panneau soit en partie intercalé entre la tête du second pion, reposant sur un contour du second orifice de passage, et l'extrémité du second pion soudée à la seconde latte.
Advantageously, the method further comprises the following steps:
  • insertion of the second batten in the second notch,
  • positioning of the second pin to the right of the second notch in a transverse direction perpendicular to the second surface,
  • rotation of the second pawn;
  • penetration of the second pin into the panel, so as to form a second passage opening extending in the transverse direction, from the second surface to an interface between the second notch and the second slat,
  • friction welding between the end of the second peg and the second batten, at the interface between the second notch and the second batten, so that the panel is partly interposed between the head of the second peg, resting on an outline of the second passage orifice, and the end of the second pin welded to the second batten.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 est une coupe transversale partielle d'une structure de caisse selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • La figure 2 est un détail de la figure 1, montrant plus en détail l'assemblage entre un panneau et un élément de support de la structure de caisse ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un détail des deux pièces de la figure 2, au cours d'une étape du procédé de fabrication, et :
  • La figure 4 est une vue similaire à la figure 3 d'un détail de l'assemblage en fin du procédé de fabrication. ;
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • The figure 1 is a partial cross section of a body structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
  • The figure 2 is a detail of the figure 1 , showing in more detail the assembly between a panel and a support member of the body structure;
  • The figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a detail of the two parts of the figure 2 , during a step of the manufacturing process, and:
  • The figure 4 is a view similar to figure 3 a detail of the assembly at the end of the manufacturing process. ;

On a représenté sur la figure 1 une structure 1 de caisse d'un véhicule ferroviaire, du genre wagon, voiture ou locomotive.One represented on the figure 1 a body structure 1 of a railway vehicle, of the wagon, car or locomotive type.

Le terme « caisse » désigne la partie supérieure du véhicule, reposant sur des bogies du véhicule. La caisse est destinée à contenir des personnes ou des marchandises transportées par le véhicule ou un ensemble de traction dans le cas d'une locomotive. De manière classique, la caisse comprend au moins un panneau 2 horizontal formant un plancher, et des parois latérales 4, dont une seule est partiellement visible sur la figure 1, qui s'élèvent à partir du plancher 2 afin de délimiter un volume intérieur V de la caisse. En variante, plusieurs planchers peuvent être prévus afin de former des niveaux au sein de la caisse. La caisse comporte de préférence un toit ou un pavillon, non représenté, fermant le volume V par le dessus, et des éléments d'habillage intérieurs et extérieurs, également non représentés.The term "body" designates the upper part of the vehicle, resting on the bogies of the vehicle. The crate is intended to contain people or goods transported by the vehicle or a traction assembly in the case of a locomotive. Conventionally, the body comprises at least one horizontal panel 2 forming a floor, and side walls 4, only one of which is partially visible on the figure 1 , which rise from the floor 2 to define an interior volume V of the body. As a variant, several floors can be provided in order to form levels within the crate. The body preferably comprises a roof or a roof, not shown, closing the volume V from above, and interior and exterior trim elements, also not shown.

La structure 1 comprend également un châssis 6, formé en majorité par un assemblage d'éléments de support, du genre poutres et montants. De préférence, la plupart des éléments de support sont réalisés au moins majoritairement, voire totalement, en acier ou en alliage d'acier, pour conférer au châssis 6 une résistance mécanique prédéterminée en fonction des conditions d'utilisation du véhicule. Par majoritairement, on entend que plus de 50% en poids de chaque élément de support est en acier ou en alliage d'acier. De préférence, au moins la majorité des éléments de support forment des profilés métalliques. Les éléments de support sont assemblés les uns avec les autres par soudage, rivetage, boulonnage, ou tout autre technique appropriée. Le châssis 6 constitue donc une ossature rigide, qui a notamment pour but de supporter les éléments d'équipement, dont le plancher 2 et les parois latérales 4.The structure 1 also comprises a frame 6, formed mainly by an assembly of support elements, of the beam and upright type. Preferably, most of the support elements are made at least predominantly, or even completely, of steel or a steel alloy, to give the frame 6 a predetermined mechanical strength as a function of the conditions of use of the vehicle. By predominantly is meant that more than 50% by weight of each support element is made of steel or a steel alloy. Preferably, at least the majority of the support elements form metal profiles. The support members are assembled with each other by welding, riveting, bolting, or any other suitable technique. The frame 6 therefore constitutes a rigid framework, the main purpose of which is to support the equipment elements, including the floor 2 and the side walls 4.

Deux rangées longitudinales de montants verticaux supportent les parois latérales 4 de la caisse.Two longitudinal rows of vertical uprights support the side walls 4 of the body.

Le châssis 6 inclut également au moins deux éléments de support 8, également appelés brancards, dont un seul est visible sur la figure 1, formant chacun une poutre longitudinale du châssis 6. Chacun des éléments de support 8 relie les montants verticaux de l'une des rangées longitudinales entre eux, en étant soudé à ces montants verticaux. Chaque élément de support 8 est réalisé en acier, ou en alliage d'acier, au moins majoritairement, et de préférence totalement. Chaque élément de support 8 est formé de préférence par un profilé, c'est-à-dire une pièce obtenue par extrusion de matière, ou est formé par un assemblage de profilés fixés entre eux. Les éléments de support 8 sont disposés à la même hauteur, entre les deux rangées de montants verticaux et supportent le panneau de plancher 2 de la structure 1.The frame 6 also includes at least two support elements 8, also called stretchers, only one of which is visible on the figure 1 , each forming a longitudinal beam of the frame 6. Each of the support elements 8 connects the vertical uprights of one of the longitudinal rows to each other, being welded to these vertical uprights. Each support element 8 is made of steel, or of a steel alloy, at least predominantly, and preferably completely. Each support element 8 is preferably formed by a profile, that is to say a part obtained by extrusion of material, or is formed by an assembly of profiles fixed together. The support elements 8 are arranged at the same height, between the two rows of vertical uprights and support the floor panel 2 of the structure 1.

En particulier, chaque élément de support 8 présente une surface de fixation 9 plane et orientée selon un plan longitudinal parallèle aux parois 4. Chaque surface de fixation 9 est tournée vers l'intérieur de la caisse, de sorte que les deux surfaces de fixation 9 se font face. Chaque élément de support 8 comprend également une partie conformée pour accueillir une extrémité inférieure des montants verticaux, à l'opposé de la surface de fixation 9.In particular, each support element 8 has a flat fixing surface 9 and oriented along a longitudinal plane parallel to the walls 4. Each fixing surface 9 is turned towards the inside of the body, so that the two fixing surfaces 9 face each other. Each support element 8 also comprises a part shaped to receive a lower end of the vertical uprights, opposite the fixing surface 9.

Le panneau 2 comprend quant à lui un profilé au moins majoritairement, voire totalement, en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium, de sorte qu'il est particulièrement facile à fabriquer et comprend un nombre réduit de pièces. Par majoritairement, on entend que plus de 90% en poids du panneau 2 est en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium.The panel 2 for its part comprises a profile at least predominantly, or even totally, of aluminum or of an aluminum alloy, so that it is particularly easy to manufacture and comprises a reduced number of parts. By predominantly is meant that more than 90% by weight of the panel 2 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Le panneau 2 comprend par exemple une première plaque supérieure horizontale et une deuxième plaque inférieure, disposée à l'écart de, et parallèlement à, la première plaque.The panel 2 comprises for example a first horizontal upper plate and a second lower plate, disposed away from, and parallel to, the first plate.

Le panneau 2 est délimité latéralement par deux bords longitudinaux 18, dont un seul est visible sur la figure 1, en regard avec la surface de fixation 9.The panel 2 is delimited laterally by two longitudinal edges 18, only one of which is visible on the figure 1 , facing the mounting surface 9.

Le panneau 2, représenté plus en détail sur la figure 2, présente une première surface 15A délimitée par le bord 18, et une seconde surface 15B parallèle à la première surface 15A et opposée à cette première surface 15A.Panel 2, shown in more detail on figure 2 , has a first surface 15A delimited by the edge 18, and a second surface 15B parallel to the first surface 15A and opposite to this first surface 15A.

Le panneau 2 comporte au moins une première encoche 16A, ménagée sur ledit bord 18, et s'étendant parallèlement à la première surface 15A, à proximité de cette première surface 15A.The panel 2 comprises at least a first notch 16A, formed on said edge 18, and extending parallel to the first surface 15A, close to this first surface 15A.

Dans l'exemple décrit, le panneau 2 comporte également une seconde encoche 16B, parallèle à la première encoche 16A, et s'étendant à proximité de la seconde surface 15B.In the example described, the panel 2 also includes a second notch 16B, parallel to the first notch 16A, and extending close to the second surface 15B.

La structure de caisse 1 comporte des moyens 34 de fixation de l'élément de support 8 avec le panneau 2.The body structure 1 comprises means 34 for fixing the support element 8 with the panel 2.

Les moyens de fixation 34 comportent au moins une première latte 14A en alliage d'acier, solidaire de l'élément de support 8, insérée dans ladite première encoche 16A.The fixing means 34 comprise at least a first slat 14A of steel alloy, integral with the support element 8, inserted in said first notch 16A.

Dans l'exemple décrit, les moyens de fixation 34 comportent également au moins une seconde latte 14B parallèle à la première latte 14A, également en alliage d'acier, solidaire de l'élément de support 8, et insérée dans ladite seconde encoche 16B.In the example described, the fixing means 34 also comprise at least one second slat 14B parallel to the first slat 14A, also made of steel alloy, integral with the support element 8, and inserted in said second notch 16B.

Par exemple, chaque latte 14A, 14B présente un bord externe longitudinal S' par l'intermédiaire duquel cette latte14A, 14B est soudée sur l'élément de support 8.For example, each slat 14A, 14B has a longitudinal outer edge S 'through which this slat 14A, 14B is welded to the support member 8.

En variante, chaque latte 14A, 14B est venue de matière avec l'élément de support 8, et appartient à cet élément de support 8.As a variant, each slat 14A, 14B is integral with the support element 8, and belongs to this support element 8.

Les moyens de fixation 34 comportent par ailleurs, pour la première encoche 16A, respectivement seconde encoche 16B, un premier pion 24A, respectivement second pion 24B, s'étendant entre une tête 26A, 26B et une extrémité 28A, 28B.The fixing means 34 also comprise, for the first notch 16A, respectively second notch 16B, a first pin 24A, respectively second pin 24B, extending between a head 26A, 26B and one end 28A, 28B.

Le premier pion 24A s'étend au travers du panneau 2 dans une direction perpendiculaire à la première surface 15A, jusqu'à une interface 30A entre la première encoche 16A et la première latte 14A.The first pin 24A extends through the panel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 15A, up to an interface 30A between the first notch 16A and the first slat 14A.

La tête 26A repose sur la première surface 15A, et l'extrémité 28A est soudée par friction avec la première latte 14A. Ainsi, le panneau 2 est en partie intercalé entre la tête 26A du premier pion 24A et la soudure entre l'extrémité 28A du premier pion 24A et la première latte 14A.The head 26A rests on the first surface 15A, and the end 28A is friction welded with the first slat 14A. Thus, the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26A of the first pin 24A and the weld between the end 28A of the first pin 24A and the first batten 14A.

De même, le second pion 24B s'étend au travers du panneau 2 dans une direction perpendiculaire à la seconde surface 15B, jusqu'à une interface entre la seconde encoche 16B et la seconde latte 14B.Likewise, the second pin 24B extends through the panel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the second surface 15B, up to an interface between the second notch 16B and the second slat 14B.

La tête 26B repose sur la seconde surface 15B, et l'extrémité 28B est soudée par friction avec la seconde latte 14B. Ainsi, le panneau 2 est en partie intercalé entre la tête 26B du second pion 24B et la soudure entre l'extrémité 28B du second pion 24B et la seconde latte 14A.Head 26B rests on second surface 15B, and end 28B is friction welded with second batten 14B. Thus, the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26B of the second pin 24B and the weld between the end 28B of the second pin 24B and the second batten 14A.

Il en résulte que le panneau 2 et l'élément de support 8 sont bloqués l'un par rapport à l'autre par les pions 24A, 24B et par la coopération des lattes 14A, 14B dans les encoches 16A, 16B.As a result, the panel 2 and the support element 8 are blocked with respect to each other by the pins 24A, 24B and by the cooperation of the slats 14A, 14B in the notches 16A, 16B.

Le procédé de fabrication, permettant de réaliser la structure 1, va maintenant être décrit, notamment en références aux figures 3 et 4.The manufacturing process, making it possible to produce structure 1, will now be described, in particular with reference to figures 3 and 4 .

Le procédé de fabrication comporte une étape de fourniture du panneau 2 muni des encoches 16A, 16B, et une étape de fourniture de l'élément de support 8 muni des lattes 14A, 14B.The manufacturing process comprises a step of supplying the panel 2 provided with the notches 16A, 16B, and a step of supplying the support element 8 provided with the slats 14A, 14B.

Le procédé comporte ensuite l'insertion de chaque latte 14A, 14B dans l'encoche 16A, 16B correspondante.The method then comprises inserting each slat 14A, 14B into the corresponding notch 16A, 16B.

Le procédé comporte ensuite le positionnement du premier pion 24A, contre la première surface 15A, au droit de la première encoche 16A dans une direction perpendiculaire à la première surface 15A.The method then comprises the positioning of the first pin 24A, against the first surface 15A, in line with the first notch 16A in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 15A.

Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 3, le procédé comporte ensuite la mise en rotation dudit premier pion 24A, et la pénétration du premier pion 24A dans le panneau 2, à travers la première surface 15A, de manière à former un orifice de passage 29A s'étendant depuis la première surface 15A jusqu'à l'interface 30A entre la première encoche 16A et la première latte 14A.As shown in the figure 3 , the method then comprises the rotation of said first pin 24A, and the penetration of the first pin 24A in the panel 2, through the first surface 15A, so as to form a passage orifice 29A extending from the first surface 15A up to the interface 30A between the first notch 16A and the first slat 14A.

Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 4, le procédé comporte enfin le soudage par friction entre l'extrémité 28A du premier pion 24A et première latte 14A, à l'interface 30A entre la première encoche 16A et cette la première latte 14A. Ainsi, le panneau 2 est en partie intercalé entre la tête 26A du premier pion 24A, reposant sur ledit contour de l'orifice de passage 29A, et l'extrémité 28A du premier pion 24A, soudée à la première latte 14A.As shown in the figure 4 , the method finally comprises friction welding between the end 28A of the first pin 24A and first slat 14A, at the interface 30A between the first notch 16A and this the first slat 14A. Thus, the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26A of the first pin 24A, resting on said outline of the passage opening 29A, and the end 28A of the first pin 24A, welded to the first batten 14A.

Lorsque l'assemblage 10 comporte plusieurs couples d'encoche 16A, 16B et lattes 14A, 14B, les opérations d'insertion du pion 24A, 24B et de soudage de son extrémité 28A, 28B sur la latte 14A, 14B correspondante sont répétées pour chaque couple d'encoche 16A, 16B et latte 141, 14B.When the assembly 10 comprises several pairs of notches 16A, 16B and slats 14A, 14B, the operations of inserting the pin 24A, 24B and welding its end 28A, 28B on the corresponding slat 14A, 14B are repeated for each pair of notches 16A, 16B and batten 141, 14B.

Ainsi, dans l'exemple décrit, le procédé comporte également le positionnement du second pion 24B, contre la seconde surface 15B, au droit de la seconde encoche 16B dans une direction perpendiculaire à la seconde surface 15B.Thus, in the example described, the method also comprises the positioning of the second pin 24B, against the second surface 15B, in line with the second notch 16B in a direction perpendicular to the second surface 15B.

Le procédé comporte ensuite la mise en rotation dudit second pion 24B, et la pénétration du second pion 24B dans le panneau 2, à travers la seconde surface 15B, de manière à former un orifice de passage 29 s'étendant depuis la seconde surface 15B jusqu'à l'interface entre la seconde encoche 16B et la seconde latte 14B.The method then comprises rotating said second pin 24B, and penetrating the second pin 24B into the panel 2, through the second surface 15B, so as to form a through hole 29 extending from the second surface 15B to 'at the interface between the second notch 16B and the second slat 14B.

Le procédé comporte enfin le soudage par friction entre l'extrémité 28B du second pion 24B et seconde latte 14B, à l'interface entre la seconde encoche 16B et cette la seconde latte 14B. Ainsi, le panneau 2 est en partie intercalé entre la tête 26B du second pion 24B, reposant sur ledit contour de l'orifice de passage 29, et l'extrémité 28B du second pion 24B, soudée à la seconde latte 14B.The method finally comprises friction welding between the end 28B of the second pin 24B and second slat 14B, at the interface between the second notch 16B and the second slat 14B. Thus, the panel 2 is partly interposed between the head 26B of the second pin 24B, resting on said outline of the passage opening 29, and the end 28B of the second pin 24B, welded to the second batten 14B.

On notera que l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation précédemment décrit, mais pourrait présenter diverses variantes complémentaires, couvertes par les revendications 1-8.It will be noted that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, but could have various additional variants, covered by claims 1-8.

Claims (8)

  1. Body structure (1) for a railway vehicle, comprising:
    - a chassis (6) comprising at least one support element (8) made at least predominantly of steel or alloy steel, and
    - at least one panel (2), made at least predominantly of aluminium or aluminium alloy, having at least one edge (18) and a first surface (15A) delimited by the edge (18),
    and wherein:
    - the panel (2) has at least one first recess (16A) formed in its edge (18) and extending perpendicularly to the edge (18) and parallel to the first surface (15A),
    - the body structure (1) comprises at least one first strip (14A) made of steel or alloy steel, secured to the support element (8), inserted into said first recess (16A),
    characterised in that the body structure (1) comprises at least one first fixing pin (24A), comprising a head (26A) and an end (28A), which passes through the panel (2) between the first surface (15A) and the interface (30A) between the first recess (16A) and the first strip (14A), the head (26A) of the first fixing pin (24A) cooperating with the first surface (15A) and the end (28A) of the first pin (24A) being friction welded to the first strip (14A).
  2. Body structure (1) according to claim 1, wherein:
    - the panel (2) has a second surface (15B) parallel to the first face (15A) and opposite the first face (15A),
    - the panel (2) has at least one second recess (16B) formed in its edge (18), parallel to the first recess (16A),
    - the body structure (1) comprising at least one second strip (14B) made of steel or alloy steel, parallel to the first strip (14A) and secured to the support element (8), inserted into said second recess (16B).
  3. Body structure (1) according to claim 2, comprising at least one second fixing pin (24B), comprising a head (26B) and an end (28B), which passes through the panel (2) between the second surface (15B) and the interface between the second recess (16B) and the second strip (14B), the head (26B) of the second fixing pin (24B) cooperating with the second surface (15B) and the end (28B) of the second pin (24B) being friction welded to the second strip (14B).
  4. Body structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each strip (14A, 14B) is integral with the support element (8) and belongs to the support element (8).
  5. Body structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each strip (14A, 14B) has a longitudinal outside edge by way of which the strip (14A, 14B) is welded to the support element (8).
  6. Body structure (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support element (8) forms a solebar and the panel (2) forms a floor.
  7. Method for producing a body structure (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
    - provision of the chassis (6) comprising the support element (8), the support element (8) carrying at least the first strip (14A),
    - provision of the panel (2) having at least the first recess (16A) in its edge,
    - insertion of the first strip (14A) into the first recess (16A),
    - positioning of the first pin (24A) in line with the first recess (16A) in a direction perpendicular to the first surface (15A),
    - rotation of the first pin (24A),
    - penetration of the first pin (24A) into the panel (2) so as to form a first passage orifice (29A) extending from the first surface (15A) to an interface (30A) between the first recess (16A) and the first strip (14A),
    - friction welding between the end (28A) of the first pin (24A) and the first strip (14A), at the interface (30A) between the first recess and the first strip, so that the panel (2) is in part interposed between the head (26A) of the first pin (24A), resting on a contour of the first passage orifice (29A), and the end (28A) of the first pin welded to the first strip (14A).
  8. Production method according to claim 7, for a body structure (1) according to claim 3, further comprising the following steps:
    - insertion of the second strip (14B) into the second recess (16B),
    - positioning of the second pin (24B) in line with the second recess (16B) in a direction perpendicular to the second surface (15B),
    - rotation of the second pin (24B),
    - penetration of the second pin (24B) into the panel (2) so as to form a second passage orifice extending from the second surface (15B) to an interface between the second recess (16B) and the second strip (14B),
    - friction welding between the end (28B) of the second pin and the second strip (14B), at the interface between the second recess (16B) and the second strip (14B), so that the panel (2) is in part interposed between the head (28B) of the second pin, resting on a contour of the second passage orifice, and the end (28B) of the second pin welded to the second strip (14B).
EP17192666.0A 2016-09-23 2017-09-22 A body structure of a railway vehicle Active EP3299246B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17192666T PL3299246T3 (en) 2016-09-23 2017-09-22 A body structure of a railway vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1658992A FR3056539B1 (en) 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 BODY STRUCTURE OF A RAILWAY VEHICLE

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EP3299246A1 EP3299246A1 (en) 2018-03-28
EP3299246B1 true EP3299246B1 (en) 2020-11-04

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Families Citing this family (1)

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CN110861672B (en) * 2019-12-05 2022-03-15 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 Aluminum alloy end chassis structure and have subway vehicle of this end chassis structure

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4154172A (en) * 1975-12-09 1979-05-15 Carlock, Inc. Deck means for a railroad car
DE2908823A1 (en) * 1979-03-07 1980-09-11 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Railway vehicle lightweight load bearing element - comprises support base with fixtures for vehicle appliances and element mounting members
FR2801943B1 (en) * 1999-12-03 2002-02-08 Didier Faure DEVICE FOR ASSEMBLING WITHOUT A VIS SCREW FOR WOOD BLADES
US7578105B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-08-25 Blue Heron Enterprises, Llc Expansion-compensating deck fastener

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FR3056539B1 (en) 2018-10-26
PL3299246T3 (en) 2021-05-04
EP3299246A1 (en) 2018-03-28

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