EP2170538A1 - Formverfahren sowie insbesondere magnetorheologisches schmiermittel und vorrichtung hierfür - Google Patents
Formverfahren sowie insbesondere magnetorheologisches schmiermittel und vorrichtung hierfürInfo
- Publication number
- EP2170538A1 EP2170538A1 EP08760527A EP08760527A EP2170538A1 EP 2170538 A1 EP2170538 A1 EP 2170538A1 EP 08760527 A EP08760527 A EP 08760527A EP 08760527 A EP08760527 A EP 08760527A EP 2170538 A1 EP2170538 A1 EP 2170538A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- molding
- lubricant
- forming
- field
- molding method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/201—Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/18—Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/001—Electrorheological fluids; smart fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
- H01F1/447—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids characterised by magnetoviscosity, e.g. magnetorheological, magnetothixotropic, magnetodilatant liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
- Y10S72/707—Magnetism
Definitions
- the invention relates to a molding method in which a material of a workpiece is formed by means of at least one molding tool, wherein between the material and the at least one molding tool, a lubricant is used. Furthermore, the invention relates to a lubricant which can be used in such a method and to an apparatus for carrying out such a method.
- the object of the invention is to improve a molding method of the type mentioned in such a way that a larger variety of shapes with improved qualities can be achieved.
- a material of a workpiece is formed by means of at least one molding tool.
- a lubricant is inserted between the material and the at least one mold whose viscosity is variable by applying or changing a field.
- the lubricant has, for example, electrorheological and / or magnetorheological properties, i. its viscosity is e.g. changed by the application of an electric or magnetic field.
- the molding process is a metal forming process wherein the material is a metal.
- the invention is suitable for cold forming processes in which the metal is reformed without the introduction of additional heat.
- a magnetorheological fluid is particularly preferably used.
- Magnetorheological fluids are known, for example, from "Magnetorheological fluids for adaptive engine mounts", Fraunhofer ISC Annual Report 2004, p.24 for use in adaptable engine mounts for vibration damping of engine vibrations on vehicles.However, the invention is a completely different technical field, namely, molding processes.
- the molding method according to the invention is in a preferred embodiment, for example, a sheet metal forming process.
- the lubricant becomes used with influenced by a field viscosity in a forming process.
- a method with locally greatly varying coefficients of friction requirements such as, for example, Incremental Sheet Forming (IBU).
- IBU Incremental Sheet Forming
- Incremental sheet metal transformations which can be developed according to the invention, are described, for example, in the publication "D-Editing: Flexible Forming of thin sheet without counterform ", Fraunhofer Institute for Production Engineering and Automation - Robot Systems, R + R 05.04 / 10.05, October 2005 and in the publication” hammering into the bottomless "in” Interactive - Fraunhofer IPA ", No.
- variable viscosity can also be used for example for better removal of the lubricant after the molding process, wherein after the forming process, the viscosity is changed by applying or changing a field in order to remove the lubricant better.
- a lubricant with a viscosity that can be influenced by a field, but especially during the forming process, offers particular advantages.
- metal forming and in particular in incremental forming processes it is often desirable to locally influence the coefficient of friction in order to optimize the process.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by applying and / or changing an influencing the viscosity of the lubricant electric or magnetic field to the lubricant for influencing the deformation.
- the field may be a single field, for example, a locally differently shaped field, or several locally defined and / or overlapping fields may be used.
- the field or one of several fields may be generated externally outside of the at least one molding tool.
- one is not limited by the geometry of the molding tool. For example, so superconducting magnets can be used for particularly strong magnetic fields.
- both electrical and magnetic fields are influenced by metal molds or other metal parts of a forming device.
- the or at least one of several fields is generated in or on the molds. It is also possible to superimpose an external field with a field generated on the forming tools.
- further procedures and combinations are conceivable. Also temporally and / or locally variable fields are conceivable.
- the at least one field is passed in an advantageous embodiment by the at least one mold and / or the material to the lubricant. This is particularly advantageous in metal molds or metals to be formed because the electrical or magnetic properties of the metal materials are useful for the pipe.
- different fields and / or different field strengths and / or field orientations are applied at different locations and / or at different times.
- the spatial distribution and / or the flux density of the field can be controlled by the shaping of the at least one molding tool.
- the lubricant according to the invention for use in a molding process for forming a workpiece by means of at least one molding tool is characterized in that it is a liquid having a viscosity which can be changed by application of a field.
- the viscosity can be adjusted in a targeted and controllable manner by applying or changing a field, for example to locally change and / or adjust the coefficient of friction in the molding process and / or attaching, distributing or removing the lubricant on or from material or mold easier.
- the lubricant is preferably an electrorheological and / or magnetorheological fluid which contains polarizable particles dispersed in a carrier fluid.
- a carrier fluid By selecting the carrier liquid and the particles, the properties of the lubricant can be adjusted. For example, by selecting carrier liquids of more or less high viscosity and by selecting the particle size or particle shape, the adjustable viscosity range can be selected.
- the carrier liquid is, for example, a forming oil suitable for use in a metal forming process. Therein are then dispersed by the corresponding field polarizable particles.
- oils or other lubricating fluids are used with compared to previously used in conventional metal molding process forming oils of lower viscosity as a base.
- the inventive device for forming a material of a workpiece with at least one molding tool using a lubricant is characterized by a field generating device for generating a field influencing the viscosity of an electrorheological and / or magnetorheological lubricant.
- a magnetorheological fluid - in hereinafter referred to as MRF - for forming metals, the device preferably has a magnetic field generating device for generating a magnetic field with which the viscosity of the MRF can be adjusted.
- the apparatus is preferably formed as a sheet metal forming apparatus for cold forming metal sheets, forming tools similar to known corresponding sheet metal forming apparatuses.
- this is a deep-drawing device or IBU device, which is designed for forming a metal sheet.
- IBU device deep-drawing device
- all other Kraftumformreae and at least some hot forming processes can benefit from the application of the invention.
- the invention is also applicable to, for example, extrusion molding and extrusion molding, wire drawing and wire drawing, rolling or pressing processes and / or forging processes and devices, such as tumble forging.
- the at least one mold at least one permanent magnet or electromagnet.
- a field can be designed, formed and / or generated that results in an optimum contact state between tool and workpiece at any given point in the contact zone.
- Fig. 1 is a reproduced for explanatory purposes schematic
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a shaping device for metalworking using the example of a deep-drawing device for deep-drawing a sheet
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a metalworking forming apparatus using the example of an incremental sheet metal forming apparatus
- Fig. 4 is a detail of the device of Fig. 3.
- Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a straight with the device of Fig. 3 to be machined portion of a workpiece.
- Fig. 1 are possible frictional conditions in a metal forming process in which a metal material 10 of a workpiece 12 is formed by means of a molding tool 14, shown in a so-called Stribeck diagram.
- the diagram is shown in the left half of the figure.
- a contact zone 16 between the mold 14 and workpiece 12 is shown in different areas of the diagram.
- a first region A denotes a molding process without lubricant 18.
- boundary layers 20 of the two friction partners 12, 14 are wetted with lubricant 18.
- the lubricant 18 begins with low addition, first on the friction surfaces and adheres to it. Boundary friction takes place, with friction surfaces rubbing against each other under the adhesion of lubricant.
- the coefficient of friction ⁇ is slightly lower, ⁇ i ⁇ ⁇ max , where ⁇ i represents a coefficient of friction at the boundary between boundary friction and mixed friction.
- a third region C is lubricant 18 in spaces 21 between the friction partners 12, 14, but there are still more or fewer contact areas 22 at which the boundary layers 20 still touch.
- the coefficient of friction ⁇ is again lower, ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ i, where ⁇ 2 represents the coefficient of friction at the boundary of the mixed friction to purely hydrodynamic friction.
- the film thickness d is so large that there are no more contact areas 22.
- the coefficient of friction ⁇ can be optimized in the region C of the mixed friction and in particular in the region D of the purely hydrodynamic friction by a viscosity control.
- MRF magnetorheological fluid
- An MRF is an intelligent liquid material whose rheological properties can be noticeably, mostly dramatically, and in most cases reversibly controlled by a magnetic field.
- An MRF for example, becomes gel-like in a magnetic field and returns to the liquid state after the magnetic field is turned off.
- MRFs are analogous to electrorheological fluids - ERF - which are useful in an alternative embodiment where it is possible to effectively apply an electric field due to the materials.
- An MRF is formed by a dispersion of magnetically polarizable particles in a carrier liquid.
- a metal sheet 30 is formed by means of one or more forming tools 14 by a forming process - in Fig. 2 e.g. a drawing process - is brought into the desired three-dimensional shape.
- a forming device 40 for carrying out a deep-drawing process is shown for this purpose.
- the molding device 40 has a punch 42 whose edge regions 44 serve as molding tools 14.
- the punch 42 is movable between two restraints 46 relative thereto.
- the restraints 46 have fixed jaws 48 and movable jaws 50, which can be pressed to clamp the metal sheet 30 with a defined force F on the stationary jaws 48.
- the jaws 48, 50 serve as further molds 14.
- edges 52 of the fixed jaws 48 are shaped according to the desired shape.
- a forming oil 54 Between the molds 14, 44, 48, 50 and the metal sheet 30 is a forming oil 54, which should have a certain viscosity ⁇ .
- the viscosity ⁇ of the forming oil 54 is adjusted via a magnetic field 56 to the requirement, in order to improve the forming process.
- the magnetic field 56 is generated externally via a magnetic field generating device (not shown in detail), which for example has superconducting magnets, and / or in the forming tools 14, 44, 48, 50 and through the working surfaces of the forming tools 14, 44, 48, 50 and passed through the metal sheet 30.
- a magnetic field generating device not shown in detail
- the molding tools 14, 44, 48, 50 electronic magnets 58, for example, electronically controllable electromagnets on.
- the magnetic field 56 may alter the stiffness of the MRF 60.
- the magnetic field 56 is adjusted by a control, not shown, that at clamping surfaces 62 of the jaws 48, 50 a variable over time viscosity and thus a variable over time friction coefficient ⁇ 6 2 is set to depending on the shape progress of the edge of the metal sheet 30 to hold or allow a Nachhne of material.
- a control not shown
- the magnetic field and thus the viscosity of the MRF 60 are adjusted by the control so that a relatively low friction coefficient ⁇ 64 prevails at the contact surface 64.
- the magnetic field 56 is adjusted so that a viscosity of the MRF is established 60, which ensures a high coefficient of friction ⁇ 44 at the edge portions 44 of the punch 42nd
- the MRF 60 is tuned by its composition to a desired adjustable viscosity range. For this purpose, the size distribution of the magnetizable particles in the MRF 60 and the Carrier fluid optimized.
- the carrier liquid the forming oil 54 is used, wherein for this task, in particular a particularly low-viscosity forming oil 54 is selected.
- a field controllable viscosity liquid is not limited to such sheet metal forming processes but is applicable to other metal working processes. It can also be transferred to appropriate forming processes for forming other materials by means of molds that can be influenced by different viscosities of lubricants or release agents used.
- Fig. 3 shows a molding apparatus 140 suitable for carrying out such an incremental sheet metal forming process and constructed of the basic construction as described in one of the aforementioned references.
- a mold 142 of the molding apparatus 140 has the electronic magnet 58 similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
- the magnetorheological fluid 60 is used, the viscosity ⁇ by the magnetic field generated by the magnet 58 56 is variable.
- magnetorheological fluid Although the use of a magnetorheological fluid has been described in the aforementioned embodiments, the invention is not limited to the use of magnetorheological fluids.
- an electrorheological fluid whose viscosity can be changed by applying an electric field.
- a mold 14, 44, 48, 50, 142 of the described embodiments could be formed as an electrode for applying the electric field.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007026592A DE102007026592B4 (de) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Formverfahren sowie insbesondere magnetorheologisches Schmiermittel und Vorrichtung hierfür |
| PCT/EP2008/056948 WO2008148826A1 (de) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-04 | Formverfahren sowie insbesondere magnetorheologisches schmiermittel und vorrichtung hierfür |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2170538A1 true EP2170538A1 (de) | 2010-04-07 |
| EP2170538B1 EP2170538B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
Family
ID=39830239
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08760527A Active EP2170538B1 (de) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-04 | Formverfahren sowie insbesondere magnetorheologisches schmiermittel und vorrichtung hierfür |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8959968B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2170538B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007026592B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008148826A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100256791A1 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2010-10-07 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Method and apparatus for the three-dimensional shape magnetic forming of a motor core |
| CN102921790B (zh) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-10-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 磁致介质加压的板材充液拉深成形装置及方法 |
| US10293523B2 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2019-05-21 | Harbin Institute Of Technology | Device and method for sheet flexible-die forming based on magnetorheological elastomer |
| CN104668302B (zh) * | 2013-11-26 | 2017-02-01 | 宁波威苏尔工业科技开发有限公司 | 一种液态挤压成型装置及方法 |
| CN104874662B (zh) * | 2015-04-29 | 2017-08-04 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 异形板件磁性介质阻尼成形装置及方法 |
| CN110614308A (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种基于磁流变弹性体的复杂管类构件柔性成形装置及方法 |
| US12179248B2 (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2024-12-31 | Novelis Inc. | Devices and methods configured to manipulate friction between a working piece and a deep drawing tool in a deep drawing process |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3756051A (en) * | 1972-03-22 | 1973-09-04 | Budd Co | Lubricating system for metal forming die |
| GB8726966D0 (en) | 1987-11-18 | 1987-12-23 | Jaguar Cars | Cooling systems |
| JPH01293925A (ja) | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-27 | Nippon Riikuresu Kogyo Kk | プレス装置における潤滑方法および潤滑装置 |
| US6503414B1 (en) * | 1992-04-14 | 2003-01-07 | Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. | Magnetorheological polishing devices and methods |
| EP0589637B1 (de) * | 1992-09-21 | 1997-06-04 | Dow Corning Corporation | Organosiloxane enthaltende verbesserte elektrorheologische Flüssigkeitszubereitungen |
| US5795212A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1998-08-18 | Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. | Deterministic magnetorheological finishing |
| DE10135488A1 (de) * | 2001-07-20 | 2003-04-24 | Newfrey Llc | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer formschlüssigen Kaltfügeverbindung |
| DE10231430B4 (de) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-03-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur automatisierten Umformung von dünnwandigen Werkstücken |
| DE10248329A1 (de) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum wirkmedienbasierten Umformen eines Bauteilrohling |
| DE10303458A1 (de) * | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-19 | Amino Corp., Fujinomiya | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen dünner Metallbleche |
| DE10317880B3 (de) * | 2003-04-17 | 2004-10-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur automatisierten Umformung von Werkstücken |
| DE102004055415A1 (de) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-05-18 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Druckwerk einer Druckmaschine |
| DE102005024378B4 (de) * | 2005-05-27 | 2016-02-18 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur inkrementellen Umformung von dünnwandigen Werkstücken sowie Vorrichtung |
-
2007
- 2007-06-08 DE DE102007026592A patent/DE102007026592B4/de active Active
-
2008
- 2008-06-04 WO PCT/EP2008/056948 patent/WO2008148826A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-06-04 EP EP08760527A patent/EP2170538B1/de active Active
- 2008-06-04 US US12/527,858 patent/US8959968B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-01-20 US US14/600,465 patent/US20150183016A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008148826A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2170538B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
| US20150183016A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
| US8959968B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
| US20110113845A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
| DE102007026592A1 (de) | 2008-12-11 |
| DE102007026592B4 (de) | 2009-06-04 |
| WO2008148826A1 (de) | 2008-12-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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