EP2163375B1 - Device for pressing empty deformable containers - Google Patents
Device for pressing empty deformable containers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2163375B1 EP2163375B1 EP09011506.4A EP09011506A EP2163375B1 EP 2163375 B1 EP2163375 B1 EP 2163375B1 EP 09011506 A EP09011506 A EP 09011506A EP 2163375 B1 EP2163375 B1 EP 2163375B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- discs
- sections
- working area
- cutting
- disks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
- B30B9/321—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans
- B30B9/325—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for consolidating empty containers, e.g. cans between rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, discs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
- B02C19/0081—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up bottles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
- B30B9/3003—Details
- B30B9/301—Feed means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for compressing empty containers, such as beverage bottles or cans and the like. Waste.
- Such devices are used to empty containers, especially those from the food industry, such as beverage bottles, cans and the like. deformable containers, to compact, for transport to the recycling facilities or for the recycling process itself.
- devices which operate on the principle of plate pressing and, on the other hand, devices whose press unit (s) contain rollers. These devices are optimized for the processing of plastic containers or tinplate containers / cans.
- the pressing device (s) of these devices is often preceded by a perforator, for example a perforator after the DE 43 38 561 A1 or the US 5,642,661 A .
- devices are also known in which means for perforating are provided on pressed parts of the pressing device (s), for example in a device for compacting empty beverage containers according to the DE 100 55 201 A1 .
- This device has an essentially funnel-shaped tapering conveyor section into which the beverage containers enter and are successively compacted under the action of devices for conveying and pressing together which laterally delimit the conveyor section.
- rollers are equipped with knife-shaped elevations distributed over their circumference, which extend over the length of the rollers, that is to say parallel to the axis of rotation thereof.
- devices for conveying and compressing the beverage containers in this device consist of rollers driven by drum motors.
- This device is expensive and maintenance-intensive mainly because of the latter modules.
- devices known from the prior art can compress both empty, deformable containers made of plastic or tinplate / metal.
- the pressing or pressing and cutting units used for this represent a compromise. Either they are optimized with regard to high quality and / or quantity when compressing plastic containers, or for compressing metal containers; or a compromise is made on both types of feedstock.
- the main idea of the invention is that with the new device with only one pair of rollers with special axially oriented areas, said containers made of plastic, in a first working area, and made of metal, can be compressed in a second working area, almost simultaneously, side by side.
- the device according to the invention has a cutting and pressing unit and means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit, the Cutting and pressing unit contains at least two co-operating, counter-rotating rollers with respect to their axes of rotation, each roller having a plurality of disks, each with an axial spacing (clearance).
- a first work area for compressing the plastic containers and a second work area for compressing the metal containers are arranged, the area assigned to the first work area each roller and the area of each roller assigned to the second work area has at least two sections with a different nature, the nature of the sections in the first work area being different from the nature of the sections in the second work area with regard to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different nature of the Sections are defined by a different body shape or differences in their body shape.
- the cutting and pressing unit is arranged in a frame / housing with a filling opening and an outlet opening.
- perforations can be made simultaneously / cut in areas or cut and pressed in areas.
- the means for this are designed and arranged on each of the two (press) rollers, preferably integrated in the same, in particular a component of their body itself, in terms of the method during the section-wise cutting or cutting of the flattened Material and / or immediately following, quasi in the final phase of such a cut, hook incised wall sections of the wall sections of a container pressed together. This counteracts the attempt to expand the container after pressing, which is determined by its original body shape, the elasticity values of the container material and the pressing process.
- hooking in the sense of the invention is to be understood to mean that longitudinal or transverse sections / edge regions of a cut in a wall of the compressed container come to lie next to one another with the corresponding longitudinal or transverse edge of the relevant incised section of the opposite wall of the compressed container without partially free edges of the incised section in question protruding from the compressed, now essentially plate-shaped body.
- the means for compressing are shaped and arranged in their position in relation to the means for compressing on the roller which is positioned essentially parallel opposite one another such that the outer surface of the container, viewed in the transverse direction to its conveying direction, at least in sections is cut or at least scored.
- the new device enables the preparation of containers made of plastic, in particular PET material, and containers made of tinplate in the manner mentioned, without additional settings on the device.
- disks of different nature are preferably also provided on each roller, the difference in nature being defined at least by the respective outer diameter of the disks. Furthermore, in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers is such that at least two opposing disks with the largest outer diameter are next to one another and, with their side surfaces facing one another, mesh with one another.
- this device provides that the axial distance between adjacent disks is established on each roller by means of a radially directed recess.
- sections arranged next to one another are arranged next to one another in each working area on each roller, disks of the same nature being in each section. It is also advantageous that sections arranged next to one another each have disks of a different nature, wherein if there are more than two sections in a work area, sections with disks of a different nature are arranged alternately on each roller.
- the first working area has at least one first section with disks with a smaller diameter - hereinafter also referred to as thrust washers - and at least one second section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - hereinafter also referred to as cutting disks.
- the second working area has at least a third section with disks with a small diameter - hereinafter also referred to as pressing disks - and at least a fourth section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - also referred to below as scoring disks.
- the disks with a smaller diameter are wider than the disks with a larger diameter.
- the distance between axially adjacent disks with a smaller diameter is defined with a second recess, with a width for the intermeshing engagement of the opposite disk with a larger diameter, along with cutting clearance on both sides.
- a third recess is provided on each roller between a disk with a larger diameter and a disk with a smaller diameter, the width of which is narrower than the width of a disk with a larger diameter.
- the length of the sections with one or more disks of larger diameter is preferably less than the length of the sections which have disks with a smaller diameter.
- the disks of the second section, the cutting disks, the largest diameter and the disks of the third section, the pressing disks have the smallest diameter.
- the disks of the first section, the pressure disks, and the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks have substantially approximately, but not exactly the same diameter, the diameter of the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks, being a little, approximately 0, 5 to 3% larger than the diameter of the disks of the first section, the pressure disks.
- the flank trailing in the circumferential direction of the grooves arranged at least in the circumferential surface of the cutting disk or cutting disks forms a circumferential surface with the circumferential surface pointing acute-angled hook / tooth
- the flank (groove flank) starting at the tip, at least in sections has a linear profile and is directed counter to the direction of rotation of the roller (the direction of rotation) and the adjoining transition area towards the groove base and / or the flank lying in the direction of rotation, is arcuate.
- the two flanks of each groove preferably run parallel or divergent to one another.
- the tip angle of the hook / tooth is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.
- cutting clearance between adjacent cutting or scratching disks preferably has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
- the speed of the rotating rollers is preferably 60 rpm. It is also advantageous if wipers are arranged between the disks, serial wipers of document shredders being used, each of which does not completely encompass the core diameter of the roller in question. The applicant can use their own tried and tested solutions.
- the starting pulse for the rollers takes place, for example, via a light barrier and a run-on time is provided.
- Nozzles are provided in the housing of the device for the application of disinfectant to the rollers and / or the inlet and outlet openings.
- the external dimensions of the device are such that it can be connected to automatic bottle and / or can acceptance machines.
- the new device for squeezing empty containers is in the 1a and 1b each shown schematically in a side view with a partially open side surface and a view of the cutting and pressing unit 4.
- the device here comprises a housing 1 with a filling opening 2 in its front side 1.2 and an outlet opening 3, also called an outlet opening, in its lower side 1.3. and a cutting and pressing unit 4 arranged in the housing 1 and, not shown here, means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit 4.
- the upper side 1.1 and the rear side 1.4 of the housing 1 are closed in the exemplary embodiment.
- the cutting and pressing unit 4 contains two with respect to their axes of rotation A1, A2, cf. Fig. 3b , rollers 4.1 and 4.2 arranged at a distance from one another.
- a slide 9 is provided from the lower edge of the filling opening 2 to the cutting and pressing unit 4, on which the containers G3, G2 or G1 entered enter the unit 4 in a rolling or sliding manner.
- a separator 10 Positioned above this chute 9 is a separator 10 which, with its vanes 12 rotating here about an axis of rotation 11, here three, in the conveying direction F feeds the containers G3, G2 or G1 to the unit 4 and at the same time, at least until the containers are caught by their rollers 4.1, 4.2, presses the same into the nip of the cutting and pressing unit 4.
- Dk denotes the circumferential circle / effective circle described by the ends of the wings 12.
- a plate-like frame part 13 is arranged to delimit the receiving space.
- the area of the exit of the objects prepared in the cutting and pressing unit 4 has the reference number 7.
- Special training is provided - see in 2 to 3b - That at least in the effective area of the two rollers 4.1, 4.2 axially next to each other, a first working area 21, for compressing the containers made of plastic, and a second working area 22, for compressing the containers made of metal, are arranged.
- Each roller 4.1 and 4.2 viewed in the longitudinal direction of its axis of rotation A1 or A2, has at least two, preferably several, first Sections S1, second sections S2, third sections S3 and fourth sections S1, with disks successively following sections S1, S2 or S3, S4 each having a different outer diameter D1; D2 or D3, D4 have, and, in the assembled state of the two rollers 4.1 and 4.2, at least the sections S2 having the larger outer diameter D2 offset from one another and their disks 5 with their peripheral surfaces and their mutually facing side surfaces 5.2 partially intermeshing (overlapping) are arranged side by side.
- the peripheral surfaces 5.1 of the cutting disks 5 each have at least one groove.
- the distance between the axes of rotation A1, A2 of the rollers 4.1, 4.2 to one another is preferably selected such that between the opposing disks 60, i.e. there is a distance 23 between each of their diameters D3 and between disks 6 lying opposite one another in the first working area 21, between their respective diameters D1 there is a distance 24. It is advantageous that in the second working area 22 for compressing metal containers, the distance 23 there between the opposite disks 60 is greater than the distance 24 in the first working area 21. This distance 24 with respect to the opposite disks 6 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 can also be negative in terms of amount.
- the length L2 of the second sections S2 with disks 5 with the first larger outer diameter D2 is less than the length L1 of the first sections S1, the disks 6 with the smaller outer diameter Have diameter D1.
- the axial distance between the disks 6 themselves and the disks 5 is produced by radially inward recesses E1 with the width B3.
- the axial distance between adjacent disks 60 is in each case produced by a second recess E2 and the axial distance between the disks 60 and 50 is in each case produced by a third recess E3.
- B1 denotes the width of the pressure disks 6, B2 the width of the cutting disks 5, B4 the width of the pressure disks 60 and B5 the width of the scoring disks 50.
- the overlap of adjacent and opposite cutting disks 5 is selected in a range of values between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, this overlap is preferably 10% of the width of a disk 5 or 6.
- the left end region of the roller 4.1 is shaped as a bearing and drive journal 4.5 and the right end region as a bearing journal 4.4.
- the discs of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 are hardened and have max. a hardness of 55 HRc.
- the diameter D2 of the second sections S2 is preferably 77 to 79 mm, the diameter D1 of the first, smaller sections S1 70 to 71 mm and the core diameter 4.3 in the first working area 21 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 50 to 62 mm and the core diameter 4.6 in the second Working range 22 60 to 67 mm.
- the diameter D4 of the fourth sections S4 is preferably 71 to 73 mm, the diameter D3 of the third, smaller sections S3 67.5 to 70 mm
- the starting pulse for the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 is preferably carried out via a light barrier, which is not shown here;
- a run-on time is also specified with this control part, so that all the containers supplied always leave the cutting and pressing unit. When the rollers are at rest, there is therefore no container between them; Sticking due to the remaining contents of the containers and unnecessary stress on the working areas of the cutting disks are avoided.
- the two groove flanks FL and FL1 preferably run parallel or diverging FL and FL2.
- the tip angle W of the hook 5.4 is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.
- Fig. 4a is the left section of the in Fig. 2 shown second, the rear roller 4.2 shown in mirror image.
- Item 4.5 designates the bearing and drive journal provided at this end area.
- a cutting disc 5 is flanked on both sides by a pressure disc 6.
- Grooves 6.3 and 5.33 are arranged in the respective peripheral surface 6.1 and 5.1, respectively, which break through their side surfaces 6.2 and 5.2.
- FIG. 4a A front view too Fig. 4a is in the Fig. 4b shown with a view of the side surface 6.2 and the hook 5.4 of the cutting disc 5 arranged behind it
- Fig. 4c is a front view of Fig. 4a shown, in which the cutting disc 5 has been omitted in the representation of the component under consideration in order to better show the shape of the grooves 6.3 in the pressure disc 6.
- the depth of the grooves 6.3 is significantly smaller in relation to the depth of the grooves 5.3 / 5.33.
- FIG. 6 Another variant of a separator is shown.
- This separator 14 has two, seen in side (front) view, star-shaped shafts, the direction of rotation R or R 'is equal to the associated rollers.
- these wings are shaped like a polygon 17 or arc 18 towards their free ends.
- These designs ensure even better than the basic variant that the supplied containers, especially containers with a volume between 0.25 liters to 3 liters, receive an optimal pressure in the direction of the feed gap of the cutting and pressing unit 4.
- the end regions of the wings 17 and 18 are covered with lancing elements 19.
- the tip of these lancing elements 19 points in the direction of rotation, that is, in the working direction. This measure improves the holding and feeding of the containers towards the feed gap of the cutting and pressing unit 4. Especially with very thin-walled and very flexible containers such a container could slip away.
- These lancing elements 19 counteract such efforts.
- the surfaces of the wings 17 or 18 facing the respective container can be roughened or have a rough coating.
- Fig. 1 When running after Fig. 1 are provided on the front side 1.2 in the area of the filler opening 15. The same are attached there if the device is to be coupled to a bottle and / or can acceptance machine.
- the invention also includes an embodiment in which grooves according to the in Figure 5 shown shape are incorporated into the peripheral surfaces 6.1, 51 and 61 of the disks 6, 50 and 60. It is rational in terms of production technology that the recesses are first made and thus the disks are formed, then the grooves are worked in and only then on the relevant disks 5, 6, 50 and 60 the intended outer diameter D1, D2, D3 and D4 is manufactured. On the one hand, this procedure can be related to the entire shaft or to the respective working area 21 and 22, so that the disks 5, 6 or 50, 60 of these working areas 21 or 22 have a different groove shape.
- a combination disk 70 is provided in the transition area between the work areas 21 and 22 at least on one of the rollers.
- This combination disc has on the one hand a section corresponding to the shape of the third disk 60 and on the other hand a section corresponding to the shape of a first disk 6.
- subdivide the first working area the area for compressing empty plastic containers, for example into a sub-area for white, one for blue and a sub-area for green PET bottles.
- the second work area the area for compressing metal containers
- the second work area can be divided into a sub-area for tinplate containers and a second sub-area for aluminum containers.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter, wie Getränkeflaschen oder -dosen u.ä. Abfallgut.The invention relates to a device for compressing empty containers, such as beverage bottles or cans and the like. Waste.
Derartige Vorrichtungen werden verwendet, um leere Behälter, insbesondere solche aus dem Lebensmittelbereich, wie Getränkeflaschen, Dosen u.ä. verformbare Behältnisse, zu kompaktieren, für den Transport zu den Recyclinganlagen hin bzw. für den Recyclingprozess selbst.Such devices are used to empty containers, especially those from the food industry, such as beverage bottles, cans and the like. deformable containers, to compact, for transport to the recycling facilities or for the recycling process itself.
Bekannt sind zum einen Vorrichtungen die nach dem Prinzip der Plattenpressung arbeiten und zum anderen solche, deren Presseinheit/-en Walzen enthalten. Diese Vorrichtungen sind entweder für die Aufbereitung von Kunststoffbehältern oder von Weißblech-Behältern/-dosen optimiert.On the one hand, devices are known which operate on the principle of plate pressing and, on the other hand, devices whose press unit (s) contain rollers. These devices are optimized for the processing of plastic containers or tinplate containers / cans.
Da besagtes Abfallgut in nicht unbedeutender Anzahl auch verschlossene Behälter enthalten kann, ist der/den Presseinrichtung/-en dieser Vorrichtungen oft ein Perforator vorangestellt, z.B. ein Perforator nach der
Damit der technische Aufwand bei diesen Vorrichtungen verringert werden kann, sind auch Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen an Pressteilen der/den Presseinrichtung/-en Mittel zum Perforieren vorgesehen sind, z.B. bei einer Vorrichtung zum Kompaktieren von leeren Getränkebehältern nach der
Zudem ist dort vorgesehen, dass die Walzen mit auf ihrem Umfang verteilten, schneidenförmigen Erhöhungen, die sich über die Länge der Walzen, also parallel zur deren Rotationsachse, erstrecken, ausgestattet sind. Weiterhin und insbesondere bestehen die Einrichtungen zum Fördern und Zusammenpressen der Getränkebehälter bei dieser Vorrichtung aus mit Trommelmotoren angetriebenen Walzen.In addition, it is provided there that the rollers are equipped with knife-shaped elevations distributed over their circumference, which extend over the length of the rollers, that is to say parallel to the axis of rotation thereof. Furthermore, and in particular, the devices for conveying and compressing the beverage containers in this device consist of rollers driven by drum motors.
Diese Vorrichtung ist vor allem wegen den letztgenannten Baugruppen teuer und wartungsintensiv.This device is expensive and maintenance-intensive mainly because of the latter modules.
Ein weiterer Nachteil ist gegeben, wenn der Abstand der paarweise angeordneten Walzen, insbesondere die mit dem geringsten AchsAbstand, bezüglich ihres Abstandes und der Lage der dort längs gerichteten Schneiden nicht genau justiert ist. Dann erfolgt eine Trennung des hindurch geführten Materials, so dass jeweils aus einer Flasche oder Dose kleinere Stücke entstehen. Solche lassen sich, wenn überhaupt, sehr schlecht zu Ballen weiterverarbeiten; für deren Transport sind dann weitere Behälter notwendig. Zudem sind solche Klein- und Kleinststücke in der Weiterverarbeitung nicht immer gefragt, oft wird dort plattenförmiges Material benötigt.A further disadvantage exists if the distance between the rollers arranged in pairs, in particular those with the smallest center distance, is not precisely adjusted with regard to their distance and the position of the cutting edges oriented there. Then the material passed through is separated so that smaller pieces are created from a bottle or can. It is very difficult, if at all, to process them into bales; for their Additional containers are then necessary for transport. In addition, such small and very small pieces are not always in demand for further processing; plate-shaped material is often required there.
Wie voranstehend erläutert, können aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Vorrichtungen sowohl leere, verformbare Behälter aus Kunststoff oder aus Weißblech/Metall zusammendrücken. Die hierzu eingesetzen Press- bzw. Press- und Schneideinheiten stellen einen Kompromiss dar. Entweder sie sind bezüglich einer hohen Qualität und/oder Quantität beim Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Kunststoff optimiert, oder für das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Metall; oder bezüglich beiden Typen von Ausgangsmaterial wird ein Kompromiss eingegangen.As explained above, devices known from the prior art can compress both empty, deformable containers made of plastic or tinplate / metal. The pressing or pressing and cutting units used for this represent a compromise. Either they are optimized with regard to high quality and / or quantity when compressing plastic containers, or for compressing metal containers; or a compromise is made on both types of feedstock.
Wenn also zusammengedrückte Kunststoffbehälter als auch zusammengedrückte Metalldosen in hoher Qualität für die Weiterverarbeitung vorliegen sollen bzw. ein hoher Durchsatz in den Vorrichtungen bezüglich jeder der beiden Typen von Ausgangsmaterial erreicht werden soll, ist meistens für jeden Typ von leeren Behältern eine separate Vorrichtung notwendig, mit der zwar auch der andere Typ von leeren Behältern zusammengedrückt werden kann, aber nicht optimal. Dies hat für den Betreiber solcher Vorrichtungen unter anderem auch einen erhöhten Investitionsaufwand zur Folge.So if compressed plastic containers as well as compressed metal cans are to be of high quality for further processing or a high throughput in the devices with regard to each of the two types of starting material is to be achieved, a separate device is usually necessary for each type of empty container with which the other type of empty container can also be compressed, but not optimally. Among other things, this results in an increased investment outlay for the operator of such devices.
Aus
Das gleiche gilt für die Bauform der
Die übrigen Bauformen dieser Schrift zeigen nur zwei Bereiche mit darin jeweils unterschiedlich gestalteten Scheiben, allerdings - bis auf die Bauform der Figur 10 - mit jeweils gleichem Durchmesser.The other designs of this document only show two areas, each with disks of different designs, but - apart from the design of FIG. 10 - each with the same diameter.
Aus der
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist der Fachmann vor die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter, insbesondere Getränkeflaschen bzw. Getränkedosen aus Kunststoff, insbesondere PET-Flaschen, oder Weißblech, derart zu gestalten, dass das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Kunststoff als auch aus Metall/Weißblech qualitativ hochwertig und zuverlässig gewährleistet ist sowie die Fertigungskosten, Betriebskostenn als auch der Wartungsaufwand für diese Vorrichtung gegenüber bekannten Vorrichtungen gemindert werden kann. Das Dokument
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer, verformbarer Behältern mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst; vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 12.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device for compressing empty, deformable containers with the features of
Der Kerngedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, dass mit der neuen Vorrichtung mit nur einem Walzenpaar mit speziellen axial orientierten Bereichen besagte Behälter aus Kunststoff, in einem ersten Arbeitsbereich, und aus Metall, in einem zweiten Arbeitsbereich zusammendrückbar sind, quasi zeitgleich nebeneinander.The main idea of the invention is that with the new device with only one pair of rollers with special axially oriented areas, said containers made of plastic, in a first working area, and made of metal, can be compressed in a second working area, almost simultaneously, side by side.
Die neue Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter, insbesondere von Getränkeflaschen oder -dosen aus Kunststoff, z. B. PET-Flaschen, oder Weißblech geht aus von einer Vorrichtung nach der
Die Schneid- und Presseinheit ist in einem Rahmen/Gehäuse, mit einer Einfüllöffnung sowie einer Ausgangsöffnung, angeordnet.The cutting and pressing unit is arranged in a frame / housing with a filling opening and an outlet opening.
Bei der neuen Vorrichtung kann jeweils zeitgleich perforiert / bereichsweise eingeschnitten oder bereichsweise durchtrennt und zusammengedrückt werden. Die Mittel hierzu sind derart ausgebildet und an jeder der beiden (Press-) Walzen angeordnet, bevorzugt in selbige integriert, insbesondere Bestandteil von deren Körper selbst, dass verfahrensmäßig während des abschnittsweisen Durchtrennen bzw. Einschneidens des verflachten Materials und/oder unmittelbar folgend, quasi in der Endphase eines solchen Schnittes, eingeschnittene Wandabschnitte der aneinander gepressten Wandabschnitte eines Behälters miteinander verhaken. Hiermit wird dem Expansionsbestreben des Behälters nach dem Pressen, welches von dessen ursprünglicher Körperform, den Elastizitätswerten des Behältermaterials und dem Pressvorgang bestimmt ist, entgegen gewirkt. Wobei unter Verhaken im Sinne der Erfindung zu verstehen ist, dass Längs- oder Querabschnitte/- kantenbereiche eines Schnittes in einer Wand des zusammengedrückten Behältnisses mit der entsprechenden Längs-oder Querkante des betreffenden eingeschnittenen Abschnittes der hierzu gegenüber liegenden Wand des zusammengedrückten Behältnisses nebeneinander zu liegen kommen, ohne dass teilweise freie Kanten des betreffenden eingeschnittenen Abschnittes von dem zusammengepressten, nun im Wesentlichen plattenförmigen Körper abragen.With the new device, perforations can be made simultaneously / cut in areas or cut and pressed in areas. The means for this are designed and arranged on each of the two (press) rollers, preferably integrated in the same, in particular a component of their body itself, in terms of the method during the section-wise cutting or cutting of the flattened Material and / or immediately following, quasi in the final phase of such a cut, hook incised wall sections of the wall sections of a container pressed together. This counteracts the attempt to expand the container after pressing, which is determined by its original body shape, the elasticity values of the container material and the pressing process. Where hooking in the sense of the invention is to be understood to mean that longitudinal or transverse sections / edge regions of a cut in a wall of the compressed container come to lie next to one another with the corresponding longitudinal or transverse edge of the relevant incised section of the opposite wall of the compressed container without partially free edges of the incised section in question protruding from the compressed, now essentially plate-shaped body.
Weiterhin sind an wenigstens einer der Walzen der neuen Vorrichtung die Mittel zum Zusammendrücken derart geformt und in deren Lage zu den Mitteln zum Zusammendrücken an der im Wesentlichen parallel gegenüberliegend positionierten Walze angeordnet, dass die Außenfläche des Behälters, in Querrichtung zu dessen Förderrichtung gesehen, zumindest abschnittsweise angeschnitten bzw. wenigstens angeritzt ist. Mithin werden dort vorhandene Spannungen im Material gelöst und somit Expansionsbestrebungen des Behälters nach dem Zusammendrücken ebenfalls entgegen gewirkt.Furthermore, on at least one of the rollers of the new device, the means for compressing are shaped and arranged in their position in relation to the means for compressing on the roller which is positioned essentially parallel opposite one another such that the outer surface of the container, viewed in the transverse direction to its conveying direction, at least in sections is cut or at least scored. As a result, existing tensions in the material are released, and efforts to expand the container after compression are also counteracted.
Zudem wird durch die neue Vorrichtung das Aufbereiten von Behältern aus Kunststoff, insbesondere PET-Material, und von Behältern aus Weißblech in besagter Art und Weise, ohne zusätzliche Einstellungen an der Vorrichtung ermöglicht.In addition, the new device enables the preparation of containers made of plastic, in particular PET material, and containers made of tinplate in the manner mentioned, without additional settings on the device.
Bevorzugt sind nach der Erfindung noch an jeder Walze Scheiben unterschiedlicher Beschaffenheit vorgesehen, wobei der Unterschied der Beschaffenheit mindestens durch den jeweiligen äußeren Durchmesser der Scheiben definiert ist. Weiterhin ist in montiertem Zustand der axiale Versatz der beiden Walzen derart, dass wenigstens zwei einander gegenüber liegende Scheiben mit dem größten äußeren Durchmesser nebeneinander sind und, mit ihren einander zugewandten Seitenflächen, miteinander kämmen.According to the invention, disks of different nature are preferably also provided on each roller, the difference in nature being defined at least by the respective outer diameter of the disks. Furthermore, in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers is such that at least two opposing disks with the largest outer diameter are next to one another and, with their side surfaces facing one another, mesh with one another.
Zudem ist bei dieser Vorrichtung vorgesehen, dass an jeder Walze der axiale Abstand zwischen benachbarten Scheiben jeweils mittels einem radial gerichteten Einstich hergestellt ist.In addition, this device provides that the axial distance between adjacent disks is established on each roller by means of a radially directed recess.
Erfindungsgemäß sind in jedem Arbeitsbereich an jeder Walze mehrere axial orientierte Abschnitte nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei jeweils in einem Abschnitt Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit sind. Vorteilhaft ist zudem, dass nebeneinander angeordnete Abschnitte jeweils Scheiben anderer Beschaffenheit besitzen, wobei bei mehr als zwei Abschnitten in einem Arbeitsbereich Abschnitte mit Scheiben anderer Beschaffenheit alternierend an jeder Walze angeordnet sind.According to the invention, several axially oriented sections are arranged next to one another in each working area on each roller, disks of the same nature being in each section. It is also advantageous that sections arranged next to one another each have disks of a different nature, wherein if there are more than two sections in a work area, sections with disks of a different nature are arranged alternately on each roller.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn der erste Arbeitsbereich mindestens einen ersten Abschnitt mit Scheiben mit kleinerem Durchmesser - folgend auch Druckscheiben genannt - und mindestens einen zweiten Abschnitt mit wenigstens einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser - folgend auch Schneidscheiben genannt - besitzt.Further advantages result if the first working area has at least one first section with disks with a smaller diameter - hereinafter also referred to as thrust washers - and at least one second section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - hereinafter also referred to as cutting disks.
Zudem, wenn der zweite Arbeitsbereich mindestens einen dritten Abschnitt mit Scheiben mit kleinem Durchmesser - folgend auch Pressscheiben genannt - und mindestens einen vierten Abschnitt mit wenigstens einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser - folgend auch Ritzscheiben genannt - aufweist. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, dass die Scheiben mit kleinerem Durchmesser breiter sind als die Scheiben mit größerem Durchmesser. Der Abstand zwischen axial benachbarten Scheiben mit kleineren Durchmesser ist mit einem zweiten Einstich festgelegt, mit einer Breite für den kämmenden Eingriff der gegenüber liegenden Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser nebst beidseitigem Schnittspiel. Hier ist weiterhin von Vorteil, dass an jeder Walze zwischen einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser und einer Scheibe mit kleinerem Durchmesser ein dritter Einstich vorgesehen ist, dessen Breite schmaler ist als die Breite einer Scheibe mit größerem Durchmesser.In addition, if the second working area has at least a third section with disks with a small diameter - hereinafter also referred to as pressing disks - and at least a fourth section with at least one disk with a larger diameter - also referred to below as scoring disks. It is advantageous that the disks with a smaller diameter are wider than the disks with a larger diameter. The distance between axially adjacent disks with a smaller diameter is defined with a second recess, with a width for the intermeshing engagement of the opposite disk with a larger diameter, along with cutting clearance on both sides. It is also advantageous here that a third recess is provided on each roller between a disk with a larger diameter and a disk with a smaller diameter, the width of which is narrower than the width of a disk with a larger diameter.
Bevorzugt ist die Länge der Abschnitte mit einer oder mehreren Scheiben größeren Durchmessers geringer, als die Länge der Abschnitte, die Scheiben mit kleinerem Durchmesser besitzen.The length of the sections with one or more disks of larger diameter is preferably less than the length of the sections which have disks with a smaller diameter.
Im Speziellen ist hierbei noch vorgesehen, dass die Scheiben des zweiten Abschnittes, die Schneidscheiben, den größten Durchmesser und die Scheiben des dritten Abschnittes, die Pressscheiben, den kleinsten Durchmesser besitzen. Die Scheiben des ersten Abschnittes, die Druckscheiben, und die Scheiben des vierten Abschnittes, die Ritzscheiben, besitzen im Wesentlichen annähernd, jedoch nicht genau den gleichen Durchmesser, wobei der Durchmesser der Scheiben des vierten Abschnittes, der Ritzscheiben, ein wenig, ca. 0,5 bis 3 % größer ist als der Durchmesser der Scheiben des ersten Abschnittes, der Druckscheiben.In particular, it is also provided that the disks of the second section, the cutting disks, the largest diameter and the disks of the third section, the pressing disks, have the smallest diameter. The disks of the first section, the pressure disks, and the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks, have substantially approximately, but not exactly the same diameter, the diameter of the disks of the fourth section, the scoring disks, being a little, approximately 0, 5 to 3% larger than the diameter of the disks of the first section, the pressure disks.
Von Vorteil ist weiterhin, dass mindestens in den Scheiben der beiden Arbeitsbereiche mit dem größeren äußeren Durchmesser, also den Schneidscheiben und den Ritzscheiben wenigstens eine Nut in deren Umfangsfläche vorgesehen ist, die beide Schneidscheibenflanken durchsetzt. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung wird zumindest das Ergreifen der zugeführten Behälter durch die Schneidwalzen erleichtert.It is also advantageous that at least in the disks of the two working areas with the larger outer diameter, that is to say the cutting disks and the scoring disks, at least one groove is provided in their circumferential surface which passes through both cutting disk flanks. With this configuration, at least the gripping of the supplied containers by the cutting rollers is facilitated.
Ein weiterer Vorteil bezüglich einer guten Qualität (Vermeidung von Weißbruchstellen im zusammengepressten Material sowie saubere Schnitte und Ritze) wird erreicht, wenn die neue Vorrichtung bezüglich der Gestaltung der Nut mit diesbezüglichen Merkmalen von der Vorrichtung nach der
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen bestehen noch darin, dass das so genannte Schnittspiel zwischen benachbarten schneidenden oder ritzenden Scheiben vorzugsweise einen Wert zwischen 0,2 mm und 2 mm hat.Further advantageous embodiments consist in the fact that the so-called cutting clearance between adjacent cutting or scratching disks preferably has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
Zudem, dass bei Überlappung benachbarter und gegenüber liegender Scheiben selbige zwischen 0,5 mm und 2,5 mm gewählt ist, bevorzugt 10 % der Breite einer Scheibe.In addition, if adjacent and opposite panes overlap the same is selected between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably 10% of the width of a pane.
Die Drehzahl der rotierenden Walzen ist vorzugsweise 60 U/min. Vorteilhaft ist auch, wenn zwischen den Scheiben Abstreifer angeordnet, wobei serienmäßige Abstreifer von Aktenvernichtern Anwendung finden, die jeweils den Kerndurchmesser der betreffenden Walze nicht vollständig umgreifen. Hierbei kann der Anmelder auf eigene erprobte Lösungen zurückgreifen.The speed of the rotating rollers is preferably 60 rpm. It is also advantageous if wipers are arranged between the disks, serial wipers of document shredders being used, each of which does not completely encompass the core diameter of the roller in question. The applicant can use their own tried and tested solutions.
Es ist zudem vorgesehen, dass der Startimpuls für die Walzen beispielsweise über eine Lichtschranke erfolgt und eine Nachlaufzeit vorgesehen ist.It is also provided that the starting pulse for the rollers takes place, for example, via a light barrier and a run-on time is provided.
Im Gehäuse der Vorrichtung sind Düsen vorgesehen, zur Beaufschlagung der Walzen und/oder der Einlass- und der Auslassöffnung mit Desinfektionsmittel.Nozzles are provided in the housing of the device for the application of disinfectant to the rollers and / or the inlet and outlet openings.
Zudem sind die äußeren Maße der Vorrichtung sind so, dass eine Ankoppelung an Flaschen- und/oder Dosenannahmeautomaten erfolgen kann.In addition, the external dimensions of the device are such that it can be connected to automatic bottle and / or can acceptance machines.
Im folgenden Beschreibungsteil wird die Erfindung anhand von schematisch in Zeichnungen dargestellten vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispielen im Weiteren und näher erläutert.In the following part of the description, the invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of advantageous exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawings.
Es zeigen:
-
Fig. 1a, 1b eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung jeweils in Seitenansicht mit teilweise geöffneter Seitenfläche und Blick auf die Schneid- und Presseinheit; -
Fig.2 die obere Walze der Schneid- und Presseinheit nachden Figuren 1 in Einbaulage und mit Blick aus Richtung der Einfüllöffnung; -
Fig. 3a die Lage der beiden Walzen der Schneid- und Presseinheit zueinander; -
Fig. 3b das Schneidwalzenpaar gemäßFigur 3a mit weiteren Details; -
Fig. 4a einen Blick auf die Antriebsseite einer der Walzen; -
Fig. 4b eine Stirnansicht zuFigur 4a ; -
Fig. 4c eine Stirnansicht vonFigur 4a ohne die Schneidscheibe; -
Fig. 5 einen Ausschnitt einer Schneidscheibe mit einer speziellen Variante der Nutgestaltung; -
Fig. 6 eine weitere Variante des den Walzen vorgeordneten Separators;
und -
Fig. 7 u. 7a weitere Details der Flügel des Separators/Dosierers aus Figur 1
-
1a, 1b a device according to the invention in side view with a partially open side surface and a view of the cutting and pressing unit; -
Fig. 2 the upper roller of the cutting and pressing unit after theFigures 1 in the installed position and with a view from the direction of the filling opening; -
Fig. 3a the position of the two rollers of the cutting and pressing unit to each other; -
Fig. 3b the pair of cutting rollers according toFigure 3a with further details; -
Fig. 4a a view of the drive side of one of the rollers; -
Fig. 4b a front view tooFigure 4a ; -
Fig. 4c a front view ofFigure 4a without the cutting disc; -
Fig. 5 a section of a cutting disc with a special variant of the groove design; -
Fig. 6 a further variant of the separator arranged upstream of the rollers;
and -
Fig. 7 u. 7a further details of the wings of the separator / dispenserFigure 1
Die neue Vorrichtung zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter ist in den
Die Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 enthält zwei bezüglich deren Drehachsen A1, A2, vgl.
Von der Unterkante der Einfüllöffnung 2 aus ist zur Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 hin eine Rutsche 9 vorgesehen, auf der die eingegebenen Behälter G3, G2 oder G1 rollend oder rutschend zur Einheit 4 gelangen. Oberhalb dieser Rutsche 9 ist ein Separator 10 positioniert, der mit seinen um eine Drehachse 11 rotierenden Flügeln 12, hier drei, in Förderrichtung F die Behälter G3, G2 oder G1 der Einheit 4 zuführt und zugleich, mindestens bis zum Erfassen der Behälter durch deren Walzen 4.1, 4.2, selbige in den Einzugsspalt der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 drückt. Mit Dk ist der von den Enden der Flügel 12 beschriebene Umfangskreis/Wirkkreis bezeichnet.A
Oberhalb der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 und hinter dem Separator 10 ist ein plattenartiges Rahmenteil 13 zur Begrenzung des Aufnahmeraumes angeordnet. Der Bereich des Austritts der in der Schneid- und Presseinheit 4 aufbereiteten Gegenstände hat das Bezugszeichen 7.Above the cutting and
In spezieller Ausbildung ist vorgesehen - siehe in
Jede Walze 4.1 und 4.2 weist, in Längsrichtung ihrer Drehachse A1 bzw. A2 gesehen, wenigstens zwei, bevorzugt mehrere erste Abschnitte S1, zweite Abschnitte S2, dritte Abschnitte S3 und vierte Abschnitte S1 auf, wobei Scheiben nacheinander im Wechsel folgende Abschnitte S1, S2 bzw. S3, S4 jeweils einen anderen äußeren Durchmesser D1; D2 bzw. D3, D4 besitzen, und, im montierten Zustand der beiden Walzen 4.1 und 4.2, wenigstens die den größeren äußeren Durchmesser D2 aufweisenden Abschnitte S2 zueinander versetzt und deren Scheiben 5 mit ihren Umfangsflächen und ihren einander zugewandten Seitenflächen 5.2 teilweise kämmend (überlappend) nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Die Umfangsflächen 5.1 der Schneidscheiben 5 besitzen jeweils wenigstens eine Nut.Each roller 4.1 and 4.2, viewed in the longitudinal direction of its axis of rotation A1 or A2, has at least two, preferably several, first Sections S1, second sections S2, third sections S3 and fourth sections S1, with disks successively following sections S1, S2 or S3, S4 each having a different outer diameter D1; D2 or D3, D4 have, and, in the assembled state of the two rollers 4.1 and 4.2, at least the sections S2 having the larger outer diameter D2 offset from one another and their
Bevorzugt ist Abstand der Drehachsen A1, A2 der Walzen 4.1, 4.2 zueinander so gewählt, dass zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden Scheiben 60, d.h. zwischen deren Durchmesser D3 jeweils ein Abstand 23 ist und zwischen einander gegenüber liegenden Scheiben 6 im ersten Arbeitsbereich 21, zwischen deren jeweiligem Durchmesser D1 ein Abstand 24 ist. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, dass im zweiten Arbeitsbereich 22 für das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Metall der dortige Abstand 23 zwischen den gegenüber liegenden Scheiben 60 größer ist als der Abstand 24 im ersten Arbeitsbereich 21. Dieser Abstand 24 bezüglich den gegenüber liegenden Scheiben 6 der Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 kann betragsmäßig auch negativ sein.The distance between the axes of rotation A1, A2 of the rollers 4.1, 4.2 to one another is preferably selected such that between the opposing
Die Länge L2 der zweiten Abschnitte S2 mit Scheiben 5 mit erstem größerem äußeren Durchmesser D2 ist geringer, als die Länge L1 der ersten Abschnitte S1, die Scheiben 6 mit dem den kleineren äußeren Durchmesser D1 besitzen. Gleiches gilt analog für die dritten S3 und vierten S4 Abschnitte mit den Scheiben 50 und 60.The length L2 of the second sections S2 with
Der axiale Abstand zwischen den Scheiben 6 selbst und den Scheiben 5 wird durch radial nach innen gerichtete Einstiche E1, mit der Breite B3, hergestellt. Im zweiten Arbeitsbereich 22 ist der axiale Abstand benachbarter Scheiben 60 jeweils durch einen zweiten Einstich E2 und der axiale Abstand zwischen den Scheiben 60 und 50 jeweils durch einen dritten Einstich E3 hergestellt.The axial distance between the
Das so genannte Schnittspiel 16 zwischen benachbarten Scheiben 5 bzw. 5 und 6 sowie Scheiben 50 und 60, also zwischen deren Seitenflächen 6.2 bzw. 5.2 sowie 52 und 62, siehe
Mit B1 ist die Breite der Druckscheiben 6, mit B2 die Breite der Schneidscheiben 5, mit B4 die Breite der Pressscheiben 60 und B5 die Breite der Ritzscheiben 50 bezeichnet.B1 denotes the width of the
Die Überlappung benachbarter und gegenüber liegender Schneidscheiben 5 ist in einem Wertebereich zwischen 0,5 mm und 2,5 mm gewählt, bevorzugt beträgt diese Überlappung 10 % der Breite einer Scheibe 5 bzw. 6.The overlap of adjacent and opposite cutting
Der in den
Die Scheiben der Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 sind gehärtet und besitzen max. eine Härte von 55 HRc.The discs of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 are hardened and have max. a hardness of 55 HRc.
Weitere Details der Abschnitte S1, S2, S3 und S4 sowie der Gestaltung der Walzen sind in den
Der Durchmesser D4 der vierten Abschnitte S4 beträgt vorzugsweise 71 bis 73 mm, der Durchmesser D3 der dritten, kleineren Abschnitte S3 67,5 bis 70 mmThe diameter D4 of the fourth sections S4 is preferably 71 to 73 mm, the diameter D3 of the third, smaller sections S3 67.5 to 70 mm
Der Startimpuls für die Walzen 4.1 und 4.2 erfolgt vorzugsweise über eine Lichtschranke, die hier nicht dargestellt ist; zudem wird mit diesem Steuerteil auch eine Nachlaufzeit vorgegeben, so dass stets alle zugeführten Behälter die Schneid- und Presseinheit verlassen. Bei ruhenden Walzen befindet sich somit kein Behälter zwischen selbigen; Verklebungen durch Restinhalte der Behälter und unnötige Belastung der Arbeitsbereiche der Schneidscheiben werden vermieden.The starting pulse for the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 is preferably carried out via a light barrier, which is not shown here; In addition, a run-on time is also specified with this control part, so that all the containers supplied always leave the cutting and pressing unit. When the rollers are at rest, there is therefore no container between them; Sticking due to the remaining contents of the containers and unnecessary stress on the working areas of the cutting disks are avoided.
Auf die Darstellungen der zwischen den Scheiben 50, 60 angeordneten, die Kerndurchmesser 4.3 bzw. 4.6 jeweils in den ersten E1, zweiten E2 und dritten E3 Einstichen/Zwischenräume teilweise umgreifenden Abstreifer wurde in den Figuren verzichtet, es finden vorzugsweise serienmäßige Abstreifer von Aktenvernichtern Anwendung.The illustrations of the wipers arranged between the
In den
Bevorzugt verlaufen die beiden Nutflanken FL und FL1 zueinander parallel oder divergierend FL und FL2. Der Spitzenwinkel W des Hakens 5.4 ist vorzugsweise zwischen 45° und 80° gewählt.The two groove flanks FL and FL1 preferably run parallel or diverging FL and FL2. The tip angle W of the hook 5.4 is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.
In
Eine Stirnansicht zu
In der
In der
Bei der Ausführung nach der
Die vorstehend identifizierten Zeichnungsmerkmale zeigen zwar mehrere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen, jedoch werden auch andere erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen wie in der Diskussion erwähnt, erwogen. Diese Offenbarung bietet veranschaulichende erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen als Beispiele und nicht als Einschränkungen. Der Fachmann kann zahlreiche andere Modifikationen und Ausführungsformen ersinnen, welche in den Rahmen und den Geist der erfindungsgemäßen Prinzipien fallen.Although the drawing features identified above show several preferred embodiments, other embodiments of the invention as mentioned in the discussion are also considered. This disclosure provides illustrative embodiments of the invention as examples and not as limitations. Those skilled in the art can devise numerous other modifications and embodiments that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of the invention.
Zur Erfindung gehörend ist auch eine Ausführungsform, bei der Nuten nach der in
In den Rahmen der Erfindung fällt auch, dass im Übergangsbereich zwischen den Arbeitsbereichen 21 und 22 zumindest auf einer der Walzen eine Kombi-Scheibe 70 vorgesehen ist. Diese Kombi-Scheibe besitzt einerseits einen Abschnitt entsprechend der Gestalt der dritten Scheibe 60 und andererseits einen Abschnitt der Gestalt entsprechend einer ersten Scheibe 6.It also falls within the scope of the invention that a
Zudem liegt es auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, den ersten Arbeitsbereich, den Bereich zum Zusammendrücken leerer Behälter aus Kunststoff, nochmals zu unterteilen, zum Beispiel in einen Unterbereich für weiße, einen für blaue und einen Unterbereich für grüne PET-Flaschen.In addition, it is also within the scope of the invention to subdivide the first working area, the area for compressing empty plastic containers, for example into a sub-area for white, one for blue and a sub-area for green PET bottles.
Genauso ist der zweite Arbeitsbereich, der Bereich für das Zusammendrücken von Behältern aus Metall, unterteilbar in einen Unterbereich für Behälter aus Weißblech und einen zweiten Unterbereich für Behälter aus Aluminium.Likewise, the second work area, the area for compressing metal containers, can be divided into a sub-area for tinplate containers and a second sub-area for aluminum containers.
- 11
- Rahmen/GehäuseFrame / housing
- 1.11.1
- obere Seite (Fläche)upper side (surface)
- 1.21.2
- vordere Seitefront side
- 1.31.3
- untere Seitelower side
- 1.41.4
- hintere Seiterear side
- 22nd
- EinfüllöffnungFilling opening
- 33rd
- Auslassöffnung (Ausgangsöffnung)Outlet (outlet)
- 44th
- Schneid- und PresseinheitCutting and pressing unit
- 4.14.1
- erste Walze (vordere)first roller (front)
- 4.24.2
- zweite Walze (hintere)second roller (rear)
- 4.3; 4.64.3; 4.6
- Kerndurchmessercore diameter
- 4.44.4
- LagerzapfenBearing journal
- 4.54.5
- Lager- und AntriebszapfenBearing and drive journal
- 55
- Schneidscheiben (zweite Scheiben)Cutting discs (second discs)
- 5.15.1
- UmfangsflächenPeripheral surfaces
- 5.25.2
- SeitenflächenSide faces
- 5.3, 5.335.3, 5.33
- NutenGrooves
- 5.45.4
- Hakenhook
- 66
- Druckscheiben (erste Scheiben)Thrust washers (first washers)
- 6.16.1
- UmfangsflächeCircumferential surface
- 6.26.2
- SeitenflächeSide surface
- 6.36.3
- NutenGrooves
- 77
- Austrittexit
- 99
- Rutscheslide
- 1010th
- Separatorseparator
- 1111
- Drehachse (von Pos. 10)Axis of rotation (from item 10)
- 1212th
- Flügelwing
- 1313
- Rahmenteil (Begrenzung des Aufnahmeraumes nach hinten)Frame part (limitation of the receiving space to the rear)
- 1414
- Separator (Selektierer)Separator
- 1515
- AnschlussstutzenConnecting piece
- 1616
- SchnittspielEditing game
- 1717th
- Flügel, polygonzugartigWing, polygonal
- 1818th
- Flügel, bogenförmigWing, arched
- 1919th
- Stechelemente (Spitzschrauben, Nägel o. dgl. Teil)Lancing elements (pointed screws, nails or the like part)
- 2020th
- zusammengedrückter Behältercompressed container
- 2121
- erster Arbeitsbereichfirst work area
- 2222
- zweiter Arbeitsbereichsecond work area
- 2323
- Abstanddistance
- 2424th
- Abstanddistance
- 5050
- Ritzscheiben (vierte Scheiben)Scoring discs (fourth discs)
- 5151
- Umfangsflächen (von Pos. 50)Peripheral surfaces (from item 50)
- 6060
- PressscheibenPress washers
- 6161
- Umfangsflächen (von Pos. 60)Peripheral surfaces (from item 60)
- 7070
- kombinierte Scheibecombined disc
- A1A1
- Drehachse der Walze 4.1Axis of rotation of the roller 4.1
- A2A2
- Drehachse der Walze 4.2Axis of rotation of the roller 4.2
- B1B1
-
Breite von Pos. 6Width of
item 6 - B2B2
-
Breite von Pos. 5Width of
item 5 - B3B3
- Breite der Einstiche E1Width of the recesses E1
- B4B4
-
Breite der Scheiben 60Width of the
disks 60 - B5B5
-
Breite der Scheiben 50Width of the
disks 50 - D1D1
- Durchmesser der Abschnitte S1 (äußerer Durchmesser)Diameter of the sections S1 (outer diameter)
- D2D2
- Durchmesser der Abschnitte S2 (äußerer Durchmesser)Diameter of the sections S2 (outer diameter)
- D3D3
- Durchmesser der Abschnitte S3 (äußerer Durchmesser der betreffenden Scheiben)Diameter of the sections S3 (outer diameter of the disks in question)
- D4D4
- Durchmesser der Abschnitte S4 (äußerer Durchmesser der betreffenden Scheiben)Diameter of the sections S4 (outer diameter of the disks in question)
- DkDk
-
Umfangskreis der Flügel gem.
Fig. 1 Circumferential circle of the wings acc.Fig. 1 - E1, E2, E3E1, E2, E3
- EinstichePunctures
- FF
- FörderrichtungDirection of conveyance
- FLFL
- Flanke (in Umlaufrichtung R bzw. R' nacheilend)Flank (lagging in the direction of rotation R or R ')
- FL1FL1
- Flanke (in Umlaufrichtung R bzw. R' liegend, vorauseilend)Flank (lying in the direction of rotation R or R ', leading)
- FL2FL2
- Flanke (in Umlaufrichtung R bzw. R' liegend, vorauseilend)Flank (lying in the direction of rotation R or R ', leading)
- NN
- NutfußSlot foot
- KK
- ÜbergangsbereichTransition area
- WW
- SpitzenwinkelTip angle
- G1, G2, G3G1, G2, G3
- Behälter, mit verschiedenem DurchmesserContainers with different diameters
- SS
-
Spitze von Pos.5. 4Top of
item 5. 4th - S1S1
- erster Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)first section (with panes of the same quality)
- S2S2
- zweiter Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)second section (with panes of the same quality)
- S3S3
- dritter Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)third section (with panes of the same quality)
- S4S4
- vierter Abschnitt (mit Scheiben gleicher Beschaffenheit)fourth section (with disks of the same quality)
- L1L1
- Länge der Abschnitte S1Length of sections S1
- L2L2
- Länge der Abschnitte S2Length of sections S2
- RR
- Umlaufrichtung (Rotationsrichtung, Walzendrehsinn)Direction of rotation (direction of rotation, direction of roll rotation)
- R'R '
- Umlaufrichtung (Rotationsrichtung, Walzendrehsinn)Direction of rotation (direction of rotation, direction of roll rotation)
Claims (12)
- Device for compressing empty, deformable containers such as drinks bottles or cans of plastics or tinplate, witha) a cutting and pressing unit (4),b) means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit (4),c) wherein the cutting and pressing unit (4) comprises at least two cooperating rollers (4.1, 4.2) rotating in opposite directions and arranged at a distance from one another with respect to their axes of rotation (A1, A2),d) wherein each roller 4.1, 4.2) has a plurality of discs (5, 6, 50, 60) each arranged at an axial distance from one another,wheree) axially adjacent to each other at least in the effective area of the two rollers (4.1, 4.2)characterised in thate1) a first working area (21) for compressing the plastic containers, ande2) a second working area (22) for compressing the metal containers are arranged so that plastic containers in the first working area and metal containers in the second working area can be pressed together simultaneously next to each otherf1) each working area (21, 22) of each roller (4.1, 4.2) has a plurality of axially oriented sections with a different condition (S1, S2, S3, S4) next to one another,f2) wherein the condition of the sections in the first working area (21) is different from the condition of the sections in the second working area (22) with respect to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different condition of the sections is defined by another body shape or differences in their body shape,f3) whereby discs (5, 6, 50, 60) of the same condition are present in a section,f4) wherein on each roller (4.1, 4.2) sections arranged next to each other each have discs (5, 6, 50, 60) of a different condition, wherein, in the case of more than two sections in a working area (21, 22), sections with discs of a different condition are arranged alternately.
- Device according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the difference in condition is defined at least by the respective outer diameter (D1, D2, D3, D4) of the discs, and wherein
in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers (4.1, 4.2) is such that at least two discs (5) with the largest outer diameter (D2) lying opposite one another are next to one another and mesh with one another with their facing side faces (5.2). - Device according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the first working area (21) has at least one first portion (S1) with discs (6) of smaller diameter (D1) and at least one second portion (S2) with at least one disc (5) of larger diameter (D2), and further
the second working area (22) has at least one third section (S3) with discs (60) of small diameter (D3) and at least one fourth section (S4) with at least one disc (50) of larger diameter (D4). - Device according to claim 3,
characterised in that
in the second working area (22) the discs (60) with smaller diameter (D3) are wider than the discs (50) with larger diameter (D4). - Device according to claim 3,
characterised in that
on each roller (4.1, 4.2) between axially adjacent discs (60) of smaller diameter (D3) a radially inwardly directed groove (E3) is provided, with a width for the meshing engagement of the opposite disc (50) of larger diameter (D4) together with cutting clearance on both sides. - Device according to claim 4 or 5,
characterised in that
on each roller (4.1, 4.2) between a disc (50) with a larger diameter (D4) and a disc (60) with a smaller diameter (D3) there a groove (E4) is radially arranged, the width of which is narrower than the width of a disc (50) with a larger diameter (D4). - Device according to claim 3,
characterised in that
the length (L2) of the sections (S2) having one or more discs of larger diameter (D2) is less than the length (L1) of the sections (S1) having discs of smaller diameter (D1). - Device according to claim 7,
characterised in that
the portions (S1) having the discs with a smaller diameter (D1) have a plurality of pressing discs (6) which are each spaced apart from one another by a width (B3) of a groove (E1). - Device according to claim 2
characterised in that
the so-called cutting clearance (16) between adjacent, meshing discs (5; 6; 50, 60) has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm. - Device according to claim 2,
characterised in that
the overlap of adjacent and opposite discs has a value between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably 10 % of the width of a disc (5 or 6; 50, 60). - Device according to claim 2,
characterised in that
the discs (5) have grooves (5.3) which are incorporated in the circumferential surface (5.1) and whose shoulder (FL), which lags in the direction of rotation (R, R'), has an acute-angled hook (5) which points in the direction of rotation and is connected to the circumferential surface (5.1).4) pointing in the direction of rotation, wherein the shoulder (FL) starting at the tip (S) has a linear form directed against the direction of rotation (R, R') and the transition region (K) adjoining it towards the bottom of the groove (N) and/or the shoulder (FL1) lying in the direction of rotation is of arcuate construction, wherein
the two shoulders (FL and FL1) of each groove are parallel or divergent (FL, FL2) and the tip angle (W) of the hook (5.4) is selected between 45° and 80°. - Device according to claim 1,
characterised in that
a separator/selector (10) is mounted upstream of the rollers (4.1, 4.2) of the cutting and pressing unit (4), wherein
the separator/selector (10) is a blade shaft which preferably has three or four blades (12) whose free blade ends, viewed in the direction of rotation (R'), lag behind the start of the blade, and
the blades are fixed in the centre, i.e. on the axis of rotation (11), and are designed in the shape of a polygon (17) or an arc (18) towards their free ends.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008047319A DE102008047319A1 (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2008-09-11 | Device for compressing empty, deformable containers |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2163375A2 EP2163375A2 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
EP2163375A3 EP2163375A3 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
EP2163375B1 true EP2163375B1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
Family
ID=41198563
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09011506.4A Active EP2163375B1 (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2009-09-09 | Device for pressing empty deformable containers |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8783173B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2163375B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008047319A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012100681B4 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2022-09-01 | Hermann Schwelling | Document shredder with turbo function |
JP6178706B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-08-09 | 高橋金属株式会社 | Empty container volume reduction device, volume reduction rotor used therefor, and method of manufacturing volume reduction rotor |
CN107984792B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-21 | 上海同亿国际贸易有限公司 | A kind of Automatic separator of mud rock powder |
CN107876192B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-14 | 金恩升 | A kind of dedicated split type juice extractor of food inspection |
JP6572476B1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-11 | 株式会社 西原商事 | Waste plastic bottle punching machine |
CN111468224A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-31 | 泉州市佳创工业产品设计有限公司 | Debris cleaning mechanism of construction steel bar straightener |
CN111437917B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-01-15 | 池州德特机电设备有限公司 | Garbage crushing apparatus capable of removing water and preventing blockage |
CN118059981B (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-07-26 | 山东东越机械科技有限公司 | Multifunctional tearing machine |
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BE512221A (en) | 1951-06-19 | |||
US4009838A (en) * | 1975-08-28 | 1977-03-01 | Philip Tashman | Portable solid waste shredder |
DE3112639A1 (en) * | 1981-03-30 | 1982-10-07 | Feinwerktechnik Schleicher & Co, 7778 Markdorf | DEVICE FOR CRUSHING WASTE MATERIAL, e.g. BLOCKS OF PAPER |
US4669673A (en) * | 1984-09-04 | 1987-06-02 | John W. Wagner | Apparatus for cutting disposable containers |
DE4037297A1 (en) * | 1990-11-23 | 1992-05-27 | Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh | ROTOR SHEARS FOR GRINDING WASTE |
EP0600808A1 (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-06-08 | Sarl ROUGEMONT-BARBIER | Device for sorting, crushing and conditioning waste |
DE4338561A1 (en) | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-11 | R U T Recycling Und Umweltschu | Apparatus for preparing/pretreating compression-mouldable hollow articles for recycling |
DE4423424C2 (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 2002-03-14 | Svedala Lindemann Gmbh | Rotor shears for crushing particularly bulky waste |
US5642661A (en) | 1996-02-14 | 1997-07-01 | Tu; Tien-Shui | Recycling/crushing apparatus for cans |
JPH09313972A (en) * | 1996-05-30 | 1997-12-09 | Ryobi Ltd | Can treatment mechanism |
JPH10249593A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-22 | Asahi Sangyo Kk | Device for reducing volume of plastid bottle |
US5921372A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 1999-07-13 | Environmental Products Corporation | Multiple chambered container compaction assembly with diverter |
IT1310813B1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2002-02-22 | Christian Turatti | HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE FOR SEPARATE WASTE COLLECTION. |
JP2002001149A (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-08 | Rikio Yamashita | Two-chamber biaxial type crushing machine |
DE10055201A1 (en) | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-08 | Prokent Ag | Empty drink container compacting device has conveying compressing and compressing devices in forms of rolls driven by drum motors |
DE10325368B4 (en) | 2003-04-27 | 2006-03-02 | Hermann Schwelling | Device for squeezing empty containers |
DE10353188B4 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2020-01-30 | Hermann Schwelling | Device for crushing empty containers |
JP4302138B2 (en) * | 2003-04-27 | 2009-07-22 | シュヴェリング ヘルマン | Apparatus for the compression of empty containers and method for the compression |
GB2407282A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-04-27 | Uk Surplus Stock Plc | Compartmental/zoned recycling system |
WO2005079990A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kinki | Shear crusher and crushing method |
-
2008
- 2008-09-11 DE DE102008047319A patent/DE102008047319A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-09-09 EP EP09011506.4A patent/EP2163375B1/en active Active
- 2009-09-10 US US12/584,711 patent/US8783173B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8783173B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
EP2163375A2 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
DE102008047319A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
US20100058942A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
EP2163375A3 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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