EP2163375A2 - Device for pressing empty deformable containers - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus has a roller (4.1) whose region is coordinated to a working region, where the region of the roller is coordinated to another working region to exhibit two sections with a different property. The property of the sections in the former working region is different from the property of the sections in the latter working region relative to a working material of a fed in containers (G1-G3). The different property of the sections is defined by a different body shape or differences in the body shape.

Description

The invention relates to a device for squeezing empty containers, such as beverage bottles or cans, and the like. Waste material.
Such devices are used to empty containers, especially those from the food industry, such as beverage bottles, cans and the like. deformable containers, to be compacted, for transport to the recycling plants or for the recycling process itself.

Are known on the one hand devices that operate on the principle of plate pressing and on the other hand, those whose press unit / -en rollers. These devices are optimized for either the treatment of plastic containers or tinplate containers / cans.
Since said waste material can contain in a not insignificant number closed containers, the / the pressing device / s of these devices is often preceded by a perforator, such as a perforator after the DE 43 38 561 A1 or the US 5,642,661 A ,

In order that the technical complexity of these devices can be reduced, devices are also known in which means for perforating the pressing device (s) are provided, for example in a device for compacting empty beverage containers after the DE 100 55 201 A1 , This device has a substantially funnel-shaped tapered conveyor line, in which enter the beverage containers and are compacted successively under the action of the conveying path laterally limiting means for conveying and compressing.
In addition, there is provided that the rollers with distributed on its circumference, blade-shaped elevations extending over the length of the rollers, that is parallel to the axis of rotation, are equipped. Furthermore and in particular, the means for conveying and compressing the beverage containers in this device consist of rollers driven by drum motors.
This device is expensive and maintenance-intensive, above all because of the latter assemblies.
Another disadvantage is given when the distance between the paired rollers, especially those with the smallest Achsabbstand, with respect to their distance and the position of there longitudinally directed cutting is not precisely adjusted. Then there is a separation of the material passed through it, so that in each case from a bottle or can smaller pieces arise. Such are, if at all, very badly processed into bales; for their Transport then more containers are necessary. In addition, such small and small pieces in the processing are not always in demand, often there plate-shaped material is needed.

As discussed above, prior art devices can compress both empty, deformable plastic or tinplate / metal containers. The pressing or pressing and cutting units used for this purpose represent a compromise. Either they are optimized with regard to a high quality and / or quantity when compressing containers made of plastic, or for the compression of containers made of metal; or both types of starting material are compromised.
Thus, if compressed plastic containers as well as compressed metal cans are to be of high quality for further processing or a high throughput in the devices with respect to each of the two types of starting material is to be achieved, usually for each type of empty containers a separate device is necessary, with the Although the other type of empty containers can be compressed, but not optimal. This also entails increased investment costs for the operator of such devices.

Based on this prior art, the skilled artisan is tasked with a device for compressing empty Container, in particular beverage bottles or beverage cans made of plastic, especially PET bottles, or tinplate to make such that the compression of containers made of plastic and metal / tinplate is guaranteed high quality and reliable and the manufacturing costs, Betriebskostenn and maintenance can be reduced for this device over known devices.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a device for compressing empty, deformable containers with the features of claim 1; advantageous developments and refinements of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 15.

The essence of the invention is that with the new device with only one pair of rollers with special axially oriented areas said plastic containers, in a first working area, and metal, in a second work area are compressible, almost simultaneously at the same time.
The new device for squeezing empty containers, in particular of beverage bottles or plastic cans, z. As PET bottles, or tinplate comes from a device according to the DE 103 25 368 B4 (= US 7,540,235 B2 ). The inventive device has a cutting and pressing unit and means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit, wherein the Cutting and pressing unit contains at least two cooperating, with respect to their axes of rotation at a distance from each other, counter-rotating rollers, each roller has a plurality of each with axial spacing (space) arranged to each other discs. In a specific development, it is proposed that, at least in the effective area of the two rollers, a first working area, for compressing the containers made of plastic, and a second working area, for compressing the containers made of metal, be arranged axially adjacent to one another, wherein the area assigned to the first working area each roller and the region of each roller assigned to the second working area has at least two sections of a different nature, the nature of the sections in the first working area being different from the nature of the sections in the second working area with respect to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different nature of the sections Sections are defined by a different body shape or differences in their body shape.
The cutting and pressing unit is arranged in a frame / housing, with a filling opening and an outlet opening.

In the new device can be perforated at the same time perforated / regionally or partially severed and compressed. The means for this purpose are designed and arranged on each of the two (press) rollers, preferably integrated in the same, in particular part of the body itself, that procedurally during the sectional cutting or cutting of the flattened Material and / or immediately following, more or less in the final phase of such a section, incised wall sections of the pressed together wall sections of a container with each other. This counteracts the expansion tendency of the container after pressing, which is determined by its original body shape, the elasticity values of the container material and the pressing process. Wherein hooking in the sense of the invention is to be understood that longitudinal or transverse sections / - edge portions of a cut in a wall of the compressed container with the corresponding longitudinal or transverse edge of the relevant incised portion of the opposite wall of the compressed container come to lie next to each other , Without partially free edges of the respective incised portion protrude from the compressed, now substantially plate-shaped body.

Furthermore, on at least one of the rollers of the new device, the means for compressing are shaped and arranged in position relative to the means for compressing the substantially parallel opposing roller, that the outer surface of the container, viewed in the transverse direction to the conveying direction, at least in sections cut or at least carved. Consequently, existing stresses in the material are dissolved there, and thus expansion efforts of the container after compression are likewise counteracted.

In addition, the new device enables the preparation of containers made of plastic, in particular PET material, and containers made of tinplate in said manner, without additional adjustments to the device.

Preferably, according to the invention, discs of different nature are still provided on each roller, wherein the difference in composition is defined at least by the respective outer diameter of the discs. Furthermore, in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rolls is such that at least two disks lying opposite each other with the largest outer diameter are next to one another and, with their mutually facing side surfaces, mesh with one another.
In addition, it is provided in this device that the axial distance between adjacent disks is produced in each case by means of a radially directed puncture on each roller.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a plurality of axially oriented portions are arranged side by side in each work area on each roller, wherein in each case a slice of the same nature. It is also advantageous that juxtaposed sections each have discs of other nature, wherein in more than two sections in a work area sections with discs of other nature are arranged alternately on each roller.

Further advantages are obtained if the first working area has at least one first section with discs of smaller diameter - also referred to below as pressure plates - and at least one second section with at least one disc of larger diameter - hereinafter also called cutting discs.
In addition, if the second working area has at least one third section with small-diameter disks-also referred to below as press disks-and at least one fourth section with at least one larger-diameter disk-also referred to as scribe disks. It is advantageous that the discs with a smaller diameter are wider than the discs with a larger diameter. The spacing between axially adjacent smaller diameter discs is defined by a second puncture having a width for meshing the opposing larger diameter disc together with a two-sided cutting clearance. Here, it is also advantageous that a third recess is provided on each roller between a larger diameter disc and a smaller diameter disc, the width of which is narrower than the width of a larger diameter disc.

Preferably, the length of the portions with one or more larger diameter discs is less than the length of the portions having smaller diameter discs.

In particular, it is provided here that the discs of the second section, the cutting discs, the largest diameter and the discs of the third section, the pressing discs, have the smallest diameter. The discs of the first section, the thrust washers, and the discs of the fourth section, the scribe discs, have substantially approximately, but not exactly the same diameter, the diameter of the discs of the fourth section, the scribe discs, a little, about 0, 5 to 3% larger than the diameter of the discs of the first section, the pressure discs.

A further advantage is that at least in the discs of the two working areas with the larger outer diameter, ie the cutting discs and the scribe discs at least one groove is provided in its peripheral surface, which passes through both cutting disc edges. With this embodiment, at least the gripping of the supplied containers is facilitated by the cutting rollers.

Another advantage with regard to a good quality (avoidance of white fractures in the compressed material and clean cuts and scratches) is achieved when the new device with respect to the design of the groove with related features of the device according to the DE 193 25 368 B4 (= US 7,540,235 B2 ) is combined. According to this special embodiment, the trailing in the circumferential direction edge of the arranged at least in the peripheral surface of the cutting disc or cutting discs grooves with the peripheral surface in the circumferential direction pointing acute-angled hook / tooth, wherein the beginning of the tip flank (groove flank), at least in sections, a linear and counter to the roll rotation direction (the circumferential direction) directed course and the adjoining transition region to Nutfuss and / or lying in the circumferential direction edge, arcuate is formed. Preferably, the two flanks of each groove extend parallel or divergent to one another. The point angle of the hook / tooth is preferably chosen between 45 ° and 80 °.

Further advantageous embodiments still consist in that the so-called cutting clearance between adjacent cutting or scoring discs preferably has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
In addition, in the case of overlapping of adjacent and opposite disks, the same is chosen between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably 10% of the width of a disk.

The rotational speed of the rotating rollers is preferably 60 rpm. It is also advantageous if scrapers are arranged between the disks, whereby standard scrapers of paper shredders are used, which in each case do not completely embrace the core diameter of the respective roller. Here, the applicant can fall back on their own proven solutions.
It is also provided that the start pulse for the rollers, for example via a light barrier and a follow-up time is provided.

In the housing of the device nozzles are provided, for acting on the rollers and / or the inlet and the outlet opening with disinfectant.
In addition, the outer dimensions of the device are such that a coupling can be done to bottle and / or Dosenannahmeautomaten.

In the following description part of the invention with reference to schematically illustrated in drawings advantageous embodiments will be explained below and in more detail.

Show it:

Fig. 1a, 1b a

Device according to the invention in each case in side view with partially open side surface and view of the cutting and pressing unit;

Fig.2

the upper roller of the cutting and pressing unit after the FIGS. 1 in installation position and with view from the direction of the filling opening;

Fig. 3a

the position of the two rollers of the cutting and pressing unit to each other;

Fig. 3b

the cutting roller pair according to FIG. 3a with further details;

Fig. 4a

a view of the drive side of one of the rollers;

Fig. 4b

an end view too FIG. 4a ;

Fig. 4c

an end view of FIG. 4a without the cutting disc;

Fig. 5

a section of a cutting disc with a special variant of the groove design;

Fig. 6

and another variant of the rollers upstream separator;

Fig. 7 u. 7a

further details of the blades of the separator / dosing FIG. 1

The new device for squeezing empty containers is in the Fig. 1 a and 1b are each shown schematically in side view with partially open side surface and view of the cutting and pressing unit 4. The device here comprises a housing 1, with a filling opening 2 in its front side 1.2 and an outlet opening 3, also called outlet opening, in its lower side 1.3. and a cutting and pressing unit 4 arranged in the housing 1 and, not shown here, means for driving and for controlling the cutting and pressing unit 4. The upper side 1.1 and the rear side 1.4 of the housing 1 are closed in the exemplary embodiment.

The cutting and pressing unit 4 contains two with respect to their axes of rotation A1, A2, see. Fig. 3b , spaced apart rollers 4.1 and 4.2. From the lower edge of the filling opening 2, a chute 9 is provided for the cutting and pressing unit 4, on which the inputted containers G3, G2 or G1 reach the unit 4 by rolling or sliding. Above this chute 9, a separator 10 is positioned, with its about a rotation axis 11 rotating blades 12, here three, in the conveying direction F, the container G3, G2 or G1 of the unit 4 and at the same time, at least until the detection of the container by the rollers 4.1, 4.2, selbige presses in the nip of the cutting and pressing unit 4. With Dk the circumferential circle / circle of action described by the ends of the wings 12 is designated.
Above the cutting and pressing unit 4 and behind the separator 10, a plate-like frame part 13 is arranged to limit the receiving space. The area of the exit of the articles processed in the cutting and pressing unit 4 has the reference numeral 7.

In special training is provided - see in Fig. 2 to 3b - That at least in the effective range of the two rollers 4.1, 4.2 axially adjacent to each other, a first work area 21, for compressing the container made of plastic, and a second work area 22, for compressing the container made of metal, are arranged.
Each roller 4.1 and 4.2 has, seen in the longitudinal direction of its axis of rotation A1 and A2, at least two, preferably a plurality of first Sections S1, second sections S2, third sections S3 and fourth sections S1, wherein discs successively alternately following sections S1, S2 and S3, S4 each have a different outer diameter D1; D2 or D3, D4 have, and, in the mounted state of the two rollers 4.1 and 4.2, at least the larger outer diameter D2 having portions S2 offset from each other and the discs 5 with their peripheral surfaces and their mutually facing side surfaces 5.2 partially intermeshing (overlapping) are arranged side by side. The peripheral surfaces 5.1 of the cutting discs 5 each have at least one groove.
Preferably, the distance of the axes of rotation A1, A2 of the rollers 4.1, 4.2 to each other chosen so that between the opposing discs 60, ie between the diameter D3 each have a distance 23 and between opposing discs 6 in the first working area 21, between the respective Diameter D1 is a distance 24. It is advantageous that in the second work area 22 for the compression of containers made of metal, the distance 23 between the opposite discs 60 is greater than the distance 24 in the first working area 21. This distance 24 with respect to the opposite discs 6 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 may also be negative in amount.

The length L2 of the second sections S2 with disks 5 having a first larger outer diameter D2 is less than the length L1 of the first sections S1, the disks 6 with the smaller outer Have diameter D1. The same applies analogously to the third S3 and fourth S4 sections with the discs 50 and 60.
The axial distance between the discs 6 themselves and the discs 5 is produced by radially inwardly directed recesses E1, with the width B3. In the second working region 22, the axial spacing of adjacent disks 60 is produced in each case by a second recess E2 and the axial distance between the disks 60 and 50 is in each case formed by a third recess E3.
The so-called cutting clearance 16 between adjacent discs 5 or 5 and 6 and discs 50 and 60, ie between the side surfaces 6.2 and 5.2 and 52 and 62, see Fig. 3b , has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.

B1 denotes the width of the pressure disks 6, B2 the width of the cutting disks 5, B4 the width of the press disks 60 and B5 the width of the scoring disks 50. The overlap of adjacent and opposite cutting disks 5 is selected in a value range between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably this overlap is 10% of the width of a disk 5 or 6.
The in the Figures 2 to 3b left end portion of the roller 4.1 is formed as a bearing and drive pin 4.5 and the right end portion as a bearing pin 4.4.

The discs of rollers 4.1 and 4.2 are hardened and have max. a hardness of 55 HRc.

Further details of the sections S1, S2, S3 and S4 and the design of the rollers are in the Fig. 2 to 3b shown. The diameter D2 of the second sections S2 is preferably 77 to 79 mm, the diameter D1 of the first, smaller sections S1 70 to 71 mm and the core diameter 4.3 in the first working area 21 of the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 50 to 62 mm and the core diameter 4.6 in the second Working range 22 60 to 67 mm.

The diameter D4 of the fourth sections S4 is preferably 71 to 73 mm, the diameter D3 of the third, smaller sections S3 67.5 to 70 mm

The start pulse for the rollers 4.1 and 4.2 is preferably carried out via a light barrier, which is not shown here; In addition, a follow-up time is specified with this control part, so that always leave all supplied containers the cutting and pressing unit. With resting rollers there is thus no container between them; Bonding by residual contents of the container and unnecessary stress on the working areas of the cutting discs are avoided.

On the representations of between the discs 50, 60 arranged, the core diameter 4.3 and 4.6 respectively in the first E1, second E2 and third E3 punctures / spaces partially encompassing scraper was omitted in the figures, it is preferably standard scrapers of shredders application.

In the FIGS. 4a to 5 exemplary embodiments are shown for the detailed design of the cutting discs 5 and the pressure discs 6 and arranged in the cutting discs 5 grooves.
To Fig. 5 forms in the direction of rotation R, R 'trailing edge FL of the peripheral surface 5.1 of the cutting discs 5 arranged grooves 5.3 with the peripheral surface 5.1 pointing in the circumferential direction acute-angled hook 5.4, wherein the beginning of the tip S groove flank a linear and counter to the Walzendrehsinn R , R 'directed course and the adjoining transition region K to Nutfuß N and / or lying in the circumferential direction groove flank side FL1 or FL2, is arc-shaped.
Preferably, the two groove flanks FL and FL1 extend parallel or divergent FL and FL2. The apex angle W of the hook 5.4 is preferably selected between 45 ° and 80 °.

In Fig. 4a is the left section of the in Fig. 2 shown second, the rear roller 4.2 shown in mirror image. The bearing and drive pin provided at this end area are designated by pos. 4.5. A cutting disc 5 is flanked on both sides by a thrust washer 6. In the respective peripheral surface 6.1 or 5.1 grooves 6.3 and 5.33 are arranged, which break the side surfaces 6.2 and 5.2 respectively.

An end view too Fig. 4a is in the Fig. 4b shown, with view on the side surface 6.2 and the hooks 5.4 of the behind arranged cutting disc 5. In the Fig. 4c is an end view of Fig. 4a shown, in which the cutting disk 5 has been omitted in the playback of the considered component in order to better show the formation of the grooves 6.3 in the pressure plate 6 can. As schematically shown, the depth of the grooves 6.3 in relation to the depth of the grooves 5.3 / 5.33 is much lower.

In the Fig. 6 a further variant of a separator is shown. This separator 14 has two, seen in side (front) view, star-shaped waves whose rotation direction R and R 'is equal to the associated rollers.
In the Fig. 7 and 7a Further variants of the blades of the separator 10 are shown. Starting from the center, the axis of rotation 11, these wings are polygonzugartig 17 or arcuately shaped 18 to their free ends. These designs ensure even better than the basic version that the supplied containers, especially containers with a volume between 0.25 liters to 3 liters, get an optimal pressure in the direction of the intake nip of the cutting and pressing unit 4. As can be seen from these two figures, the end portions of the wings 17 and 18 are occupied with piercing elements 19. The tip of this lancing elements 19 points in the direction of rotation, ie in the working direction. By this measure, the holding and feeding of the container to the intake nip of the cutting and pressing unit 4 is further improved. In particular, in very thin-walled and very flexible containers, it may happen that the wing ends over could slip away such a container. These lancing elements 19 counteract such efforts.
Instead of piercing elements, the surfaces of the wings 17 or 18 facing the respective container may be roughened or have a rough coating.

In the execution of the Fig. 1 are provided on the front side 1.2 in the region of the filling opening connecting piece 15. The same are installed there, if the device is to be coupled to a bottle and / or can accepting machines.

Although the above-identified drawing features show several preferred embodiments, other embodiments of the present invention, as mentioned in the discussion, are also contemplated. This disclosure provides illustrative embodiments of the invention by way of example and not limitation. Those skilled in the art can devise numerous other modifications and embodiments that fall within the spirit and scope of the inventive principles.

Belongs to the invention is also an embodiment in which grooves according to the in FIG. 5 shown form in the peripheral surfaces 6.1, 51 and 61 of the discs 6, 50 and 60 are incorporated. Efficient in terms of production is that the punctures are first set and thus the discs are formed, then the grooves are incorporated and only then to the concerned discs 5, 6, 50 and 60 of the intended outer diameter D1, D2, D3 and D4 is made. On the one hand, this procedure can be based on the entire shaft or on the respective working area 21 and 22, so that the disks 5, 6 or 50, 60 of these working areas 21 and 22 have a different groove shape.
It also falls within the scope of the invention that in the transition region between the work areas 21 and 22, at least one combi-disk 70 is provided on at least one of the rollers. This combi-disc has on the one hand a portion corresponding to the shape of the third disc 60 and on the other hand, a portion of the shape corresponding to a first disc. 6
In addition, it is also within the scope of the invention to divide the first work area, the area for squeezing empty plastic containers, again, for example into a subarea for white, one for blue and one subarea for green PET bottles.
Likewise, the second work area, the area for compressing containers made of metal, is subdivided into a sub-area for tinplate containers and a second sub-area for containers made of aluminum.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Frame / housing

1.1

upper side (surface)

1.2

front side

1.3

lower side

1.4

rear side

2

fill opening

3

Outlet opening (outlet opening)

4

Cutting and pressing unit

4.1

first roller (front)

4.2

second roller (rear)

4.3;

4.6 core diameter

4.4

pivot

4.5

Bearing and drive pin

5

Cutting discs (second discs)

5.1

peripheral surfaces

5.2

faces

5.3, 5.33

groove

5.4

hook

6

Thrust washers (first washers)

6.1

peripheral surface

6.2

side surface

6.3

groove

7

exit

9

slide

10

separator

11

Rotary axis (from Pos. 10)

12

wing

13

Frame part (limitation of the receiving space to the rear)

14

Separator (selector)

15

spigot

16

Die clearance

17

Wing, polygonal

18

Wings, arched

19

Lancing elements (pointed screws, nails o. The like. Part)

20

compressed container

21

first workspace

22

second workspace

23

distance

24

distance

50

Scratch discs (fourth discs)

51

Peripheral surfaces (from item 50)

60

Press slices

61

Circumferential surfaces (from pos. 60)

70

combined disc

A1

Rotary axis of the roller 4.1

A2

Rotary axis of the roller 4.2

B1

Width of pos. 6

B2

Width of pos. 5

B3

Width of the grooves E1

B4

Width of the slices 60

B5

Width of the discs 50

D1

Diameter of sections S1 (outer diameter)

D2

Diameter of sections S2 (outer diameter)

D3

Diameter of sections S3 (outer diameter of the respective disks)

D4

Diameter of the sections S4 (outer diameter of the respective disks)

dk

Circumference circle of the wings gem. Fig. 1

E1, E2, E3

punctures

F

conveying direction

FL

Flank (trailing in the direction of rotation R or R ')

FL1

Flank (lying in the direction of rotation R or R ', anticipatory)

FL2

Flank (lying in the direction of rotation R or R ', anticipatory)

N

slot root

K

Transition area

W

Point angle

G1, G2, G3

Containers of various diameters

S

Tip of pos.5. 4

S1

first section (with discs of the same type)

S2

second section (with discs of the same type)

S3

third section (with discs of the same condition)

S4

fourth section (with discs of the same type)

L1

Length of sections S1

L2

Length of sections S2

R

Direction of rotation (direction of rotation, direction of rotation)

R '

Direction of rotation (direction of rotation, direction of rotation)

Claims (15)

Device for compressing empty, deformable containers, such as plastic beverage bottles or cans, e.g. As PET bottles, or tinplate, with a cutting and pressing unit (4) and means for driving and controlling the cutting and pressing unit (4), the at least two cooperating, with respect to their axes of rotation (A1, A2) to each other at a distance arranged, counter-rotating rollers (4.1 and 4.2), each roller (4.1, 4.2) has a plurality of each with axial spacing (space) to each other arranged discs (5, 6; 50, 60),
characterized in that at least in the effective range of the two rollers (4.1, 4.2) axially next to each other, a first work area (21), for compressing the container made of plastic, and a second work area (22), for a compression for containers made of metal, are arranged , wherein the area of each roller (4.1, 4.2) associated with the first working area (21) and the area of each roller (4.1, 4.2) associated with the second working area (22) has at least two sections of a different nature, the nature of the sections in FIG first work area (21) is different than the nature of the sections in the second work area (22) with respect to the material of the containers supplied, in particular the different nature of the sections is defined by a different body shape or differences in their body shape. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the difference in nature is defined at least by the respective outer diameter (D1, D2, D3, D4) of the discs. Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that in the assembled state, the axial offset of the two rollers (4.1, 4.2) is such that at least two opposing discs (5) with the largest outer diameter (D2) are side by side and with their mutually facing side surfaces (5.2) comb each other. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that in each work area (21; 22) on each roller (4.1, 4.2) a plurality of axially oriented sections of different nature (S1, S2, S3, S4) are arranged side by side, wherein in each case are discs of the same nature. Device according to claim 4,
characterized in that at each roller (4.1, 4.2) juxtaposed sections each have discs of other nature, wherein at more than two sections in a working area (21, 22) sections are arranged alternately with discs of another nature. Device according to claim 4,
characterized in that the first working area (21) has at least one first portion (S1) with smaller diameter discs (6) (D1) and at least one second portion (S2) with at least one larger diameter disc (D2) and in that the second working area (22) has at least a third portion (S3) with small diameter discs (D3) and at least a fourth portion (S4) with at least one larger diameter disc (D4). Device according to claim 6,
characterized in that in the second working area (22) the discs (60) of smaller diameter (D3) are wider than the discs (50) of larger diameter (D4). Device according to claim 6,
characterized in that on each roller (4.1, 4.2) between axially adjacent discs (60) of smaller diameter (D3) a radially inwardly directed recess (E3) is provided, with a width for the meshing engagement of the opposite disc (50) larger diameter (D4) plus two-sided cutting clearance. Device according to claim 7, 8,
characterized in that at each roller (4.1, 4.2) between a disc (50) with a larger diameter (D4) and a disc (60) with a smaller diameter (D3) a recess (E4) is arranged radially, the width of which is narrower than the width of a larger diameter disc (50) (D4). Device according to claim 6,
characterized in that the length (L2) of the sections (S2) having one or more larger diameter letters (D2) is less than the length (L1) of the sections (S1) having smaller diameter (D1) disks. Device according to claim 11,
characterized in that the discs with smaller diameter (D1) having portions (S1) a plurality of pressure discs (6) each having a width (B3) of a recess (E1) are spaced from each other. Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that the so-called cutting clearance (16) between adjacent, intermeshing discs (5; 6; 50, 60) has a value between 0.2 mm and 2 mm. Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that the overlap of adjacent and opposite discs has a value between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably 10% of the width of a disc (5 or 6, 50, 60). Device according to claim 3,
characterized in that the discs (5) in their peripheral surface (5.1) incorporated grooves (5.3) whose in the direction of rotation (R, R ') trailing edge (FL) with the peripheral surface (5.1) pointing in the direction of rotation acute-angled hook (5.4 ), wherein the flank (FL) beginning at the tip (S) has a linear course as well as the circumferential direction (R, R ') and the adjoining transition region (K) to the groove base (N) and / or in the circumferential direction Flank (FL1) out, arc-shaped, wherein the two flanks (FL and FL1) of each groove parallel to each other or divergent (FL, FL2) and the apex angle (W) of the hook (5.4) is selected between 45 ° and 80 ° , Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the rollers (4.1, 4.2) of the cutting and pressing unit (4) is preceded by a separator / selector (10), wherein the separator / selector (10) is a vane shaft which preferably has three or four wings (12). has, whose free wing ends in the direction of rotation (R ') seen lag behind the wing and in the center, ie on the axis of rotation (11) fixed wings to their free ends polygonzugartig (17) or arcuate (18) are designed.

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