EP2153901A1 - Dispositif d'équilibrage de la température avec la possibilité de tester et procédé de test d'un dispositif d'équilibrage de la température - Google Patents

Dispositif d'équilibrage de la température avec la possibilité de tester et procédé de test d'un dispositif d'équilibrage de la température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2153901A1
EP2153901A1 EP08013846A EP08013846A EP2153901A1 EP 2153901 A1 EP2153901 A1 EP 2153901A1 EP 08013846 A EP08013846 A EP 08013846A EP 08013846 A EP08013846 A EP 08013846A EP 2153901 A1 EP2153901 A1 EP 2153901A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
tempering
test
time
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08013846A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lutz Timmann
Vinh Dr. Duong
Stefan Roth
Thomas Dr. Uschkureit
Jürgen Koeppel
Thomas Buck
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Eppendorf SE
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Eppendorf SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eppendorf SE filed Critical Eppendorf SE
Priority to EP08013846A priority Critical patent/EP2153901A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2009/005583 priority patent/WO2010012494A1/fr
Priority to EP09802460.7A priority patent/EP2321051B1/fr
Priority to CN200980135544.6A priority patent/CN102149474B/zh
Publication of EP2153901A1 publication Critical patent/EP2153901A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
    • B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/14—Process control and prevention of errors
    • B01L2200/143—Quality control, feedback systems
    • B01L2200/147—Employing temperature sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/14—Process control and prevention of errors
    • B01L2200/148—Specific details about calibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
    • B01L2300/0627—Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18—Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1805—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks
    • B01L2300/1822—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks using Peltier elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18—Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1805—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks
    • B01L2300/1827—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks using resistive heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of at least one testable sample and to a method for testing a tempering device.
  • Tempering devices are e.g. used as thermostats, thermal mixers or thermal cyclers in inspection, research or manufacturing laboratories to produce e.g. bring liquid sample to a desired temperature. Accurate setting of predetermined temperatures in samples is particularly important in chemical reactions whose successful performance critically depends on meeting at least one particular temperature or time-varying temperature profile.
  • An example of such a chemical reaction is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • PCR polymerase chain reaction
  • the cycle sections denaturation, primer hybridization and elongation are controlled via different, precisely defined temperature levels.
  • the quality of the PCR depends crucially on the performance of the components of the temperature control device used and thus on their operating condition. In particular, if, for example, medical or legal medical reasons make high demands on the reliability and reproducibility of a PCR, it is important to control the operating state of a temperature control device used.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved tempering device, which in particular operates reliably and in which, in particular, possible operating disturbances are easier to detect, and to provide an improved method for testing the function of a tempering device.
  • Such a tempering device is preferably a thermal mixer for the simultaneous mixing and tempering of at least one sample or a thermostat, which are designed to carry out a tempering program with at least one sample.
  • the tempering program has at least the step of tempering this at least one sample to at least one target temperature. This is preferably done by manually or automatically setting at least one setpoint temperature as the target temperature at this at least one control loop.
  • this tempering preferably has the function of a thermal cycler or is designed as a thermal cycler. This is preferably suitable for carrying out a PCR reaction in at least one PCR sample.
  • This tempering device is preferably a thermal cycler.
  • the tempering program preferably comprises at least the tempering steps of a PCR cycle, during which the PCR sample is tempered in chronological order to at least two or three temperatures.
  • a PCR reaction is preferably carried out in at least one PCR sample by repeatedly repeating the tempering steps of a PCR cycle, in particular 10 to 70 times. It may be desirable to find out the critical temperature levels of a PCR by applying a spatial temperature gradient, ie a spatially varying temperature profile with at least two different temperatures.
  • the generation of a temperature gradient can be provided by other arrangements in which at least two different temperatures are applied to the tempering block.
  • the tempering device may have one or more tempering devices, possibly even one each for a small number of samples, eg one per sample or one each two samples.
  • temperature control devices are workstations and other devices with which one or more samples can be subjected to a tempering program at the same time.
  • this tempering block is designed to receive a plurality of samples or Proben electnissen.
  • this tempering is designed for receiving at least one sample plate, in which a plurality of sample containers are formed side by side.
  • a sample plate is preferably a microtiter plate or a PCR plate.
  • the number of sample containers is particularly preferably in each case 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, 96, 384 or 1536.
  • the tempering device is preferably associated with a control circuit and is preferably an electrically controllable device.
  • the assignment of a component for example the tempering device or the tempering device to a control loop, preferably determines the functional assignment according to which the component assumes a function of the control loop and contributes, for example, as part of the control loop for controlling the temperature of at least one section of the tempering block, and
  • the tempering device serves as an actuator of the control loop.
  • This tempering device preferably comprises a Peltier element.
  • the tempering device is preferably arranged on the underside thereof for tempering this at least one tempering block.
  • the tempering device preferably contacts the tempering block over a large area, since this tempering device has a dimension which allows the tempering of a multiplicity of samples by means of a single tempering device.
  • this tempering device is preferably arranged below a plurality of receptacles for samples or Proben electnissen, which are arranged above this temperature control in Temperierblock.
  • Each tempering device is assigned at least one temperature measuring device.
  • this temperature measuring device is suitable for measuring the temperature set on the tempering block by means of this tempering device.
  • the measured temperature can also be influenced to a lesser extent by tempering devices to which the temperature measuring device is not assigned.
  • the assignment of the temperature measuring device to a tempering device, which is functionally assigned to a control loop preferably requires that also this temperature measuring device assumes a function of the control loop and, for example, contributes as part of the control loop for controlling the temperature of at least a portion of the Temperierblocks, and that in particular this temperature measuring device serves as a measuring element of the control loop.
  • At least two temperature control devices are arranged at a maximum possible distance from each other on the temperature control, wherein the maximum distance, for example by the length or width of the tempering (-abitess) and / or the dimensions and / or other predetermined parameters, eg the arrangement position of the temperature measuring device on the Top or edge side of the tempering can be determined.
  • the edge region of the tempering block can have a different temperature from the ambient temperature or by convective heat transport of ambient air than a more central region of the tempering block. Therefore, the measurement in the edge region of the tempering is particularly advantageous to allow temperature control there as well.
  • the measurement in the edge area be advantageous to produce and control a temperature gradient in the tempering, which extends from one end, ie edge region of the tempering to the other end.
  • the measurement in the edge region can also be advantageous because the heat flow in the tempering block is not hindered by this temperature measuring device.
  • a temperature measuring device is preferably attached to the tempering, eg glued, or at least partially embedded in a recess or opening of the tempering.
  • the temperature measuring device is preferably an electronic component, and may comprise, for example, a semiconductor temperature sensor, a thermocouple or a pyrometer.
  • At least one temperature measuring device is arranged at a small distance or in direct contact with at least one tempering device.
  • This small distance is preferably less than 0.5 times, 0.25 times or 0.1 times a thickness of the tempering block.
  • Such a temperature measuring device is preferably functionally assigned to a control loop or preferably not functionally assigned to a control loop.
  • the advantage of a small distance is that a shorter heat transfer path between the temperature measuring device and tempering is created, whereby a change in the temperature of a tempering device can be measured faster than at a greater distance between the temperature measuring device and tempering. This is particularly advantageous in order to test the functionality of this tempering device, in particular with the test method according to the invention. A shorter overall duration of the measurement process can lead to more frequent testing, which helps to better monitor the reliability of the tempering device.
  • the tempering device further preferably has at least one temperature measuring device designed as a safety sensor.
  • a security sensor is preferably signal-connected to the control device and designed to detect a predetermined, extreme temperature in the Temper michsvorraum whose detection preferably leads to a backup operation of Temper michsvortechnik, eg the output of a warning signal or switching off the Temper michsvorraum.
  • a security sensor is preferably for securing the Temperature of the tempering arranged in the vicinity of a control circuit associated with a temperature measuring device. The fuse sensor is not assigned to a control loop. In this way, a defective control circuit is less likely to cause the failure of the safety sensor.
  • a control loop is preferably associated with a control device which is designed to control the temperature control of the at least one tempering block.
  • a tempering device and at least one temperature measuring device associated with a tempering device are provided, which are at least temporarily not associated with a control circuit, for example by being programmatically exempted from their control functions (actuator, measuring element) or switched off.
  • This activation of this tempering device and of this temperature measuring device provides a further increased flexibility in the design of a test method.
  • the independence of a component, in particular a temperature measuring device, from the control loop to increase the reliability of testing this control loop by means of this component lead.
  • this control device is signal-connected to this at least one control circuit and to at least one temperature measuring device assigned to this at least one control circuit.
  • At least two devices are considered within the scope of the invention, between which signals can be exchanged. These signals are preferably bound to a medium, such as an electrical conductor or semiconductor. It is possible and preferred that these signals exchanged between two signal-connected devices be exchanged via a switch, e.g. a first device sends a signal to the switch where the signal is latched and optionally also modified before the second device accesses the latched signal to receive it.
  • a switch e.g. a first device sends a signal to the switch where the signal is latched and optionally also modified before the second device accesses the latched signal to receive it.
  • said temperature measuring device of a control loop can provide a measuring signal which is buffered by a memory device of the control loop so that the test device can access this memory device in order to receive this measuring signal.
  • the test device is signal connected to the temperature measuring device.
  • signals it is also possible for these signals to be present without binding to a conductive material, i. are transmitted through free space, such as, in particular, electromagnetic waves (e.g., radio waves or infrared light) and an at least gas-filled space, such as e.g. Sound waves.
  • free space such as, in particular, electromagnetic waves (e.g., radio waves or infrared light) and an at least gas-filled space, such as e.g. Sound waves.
  • electromagnetic waves e.g., radio waves or infrared light
  • an at least gas-filled space such as e.g. Sound waves.
  • signal-connected covers both unidirectional and bidirectional signal transmission paths.
  • Each control circuit is preferably assigned at least two temperature measuring devices and at least one tempering device assigned to these temperature measuring devices.
  • conventional tempering devices in particular thermocyclers, these often have more than one tempering device per control loop and temperature sensor.
  • an error of a tempering device can not be detected, since power deviations do not have to lead to a faulty temperature at the temperature measuring device, which is provided for measuring the temperature of the section in the tempering, which is tempered by this tempering.
  • the performance deviations lead to inhomogeneous temperature distribution at this sample block, since different performances are introduced at different locations via the individual tempering devices.
  • faulty sensor values eg due to changes in the contacting or due to drift, are not recognized.
  • each temperature control associated with at least one temperature measuring device and in particular associated with a second temperature measuring device.
  • a number of test methods can be carried out in a flexible manner, in particular by means of the test device.
  • test variables in particular temperature measurements and temperature change rates, with reference variables or in particular other determined test variables, the operating state of a component assembly, individual components of the temperature control device or the temperature control device can be determined in total.
  • the test device is preferably signal-connected with at least one, in particular each, control loop and preferably with at least one, in particular each, temperature-measuring device associated with this control loop.
  • the tempering device comprises at least one control loop to which at least two tempering devices and at least two temperature measuring devices are assigned, wherein each tempering device is assigned at least one temperature measuring device.
  • the tempering device preferably comprises a number of control circuits, to each of which two tempering devices and two temperature measuring devices are assigned. This number is preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or larger.
  • each temperature control is assigned exactly one temperature measuring device and preferably this temperature measuring device is assigned to exactly this tempering. It is further preferred that a tempering device at least two temperature measuring devices, in particular exactly two, are assigned. In this way, the test of the temperature control can be further improved and in particular reliable and accurate, and thus the tempering be improved. Furthermore, each tempering device is preferably associated with precisely two temperature measuring devices, and these two temperature measuring devices are assigned precisely to these tempering devices.
  • the tempering device preferably comprises at least two tempering devices, which are arranged for controlling the temperature of this at least one tempering block, and at least two temperature measuring devices, each tempering device at least one temperature measuring device is assigned, and at least one first control loop and a second control loop.
  • the use of at least two control circuits may allow at least two different temperatures to be applied to this at least one tempering block.
  • These are preferably at least two tempering devices for generating a temperature gradient extending in the at least one tempering block, that is to say a temperature profile having at least two different temperature values. It is understood that by means of two different tempering a single temperature can be applied to at least one tempering.
  • this test device comprises a signal connection to each tempering device and each temperature measuring device of this first and second control loop, wherein the test device can determine a first test variable, which is associated with this first control loop, and a second test variable can be determined, which is assigned to this second control loop.
  • this test device comprises a means for comparing these two test variables or for comparing one of these test variables with a reference variable.
  • the reference size may be a stored size or a measured size, in particular a test size.
  • This control device preferably comprises electrical circuits which are designed to control the temperature control of the at least one tempering block. Furthermore, this control device preferably comprises means for digital data processing.
  • the control device preferably comprises a computing unit, which may be a CPU, a microprocessor or a microcontroller.
  • this control device comprises circuits which are designed for processing program code, in particular for executing programs for temperature control or programs for carrying out a test method, in particular according to the invention.
  • the control device preferably comprises at least one memory unit for storing data or signals, which is preferably also removable from the control device. This memory unit preferably comprises data memory for the temporary storage of data, for example RAM and / or data memory for the permanent storage of data, eg hard disk or flash memory.
  • this control device preferably comprises at least one interface for establishing a signal connection between this control device and another device, eg a test device in an external embodiment, an external data memory, a control device, an external PC, a control panel or another device.
  • this control device preferably comprises circuits, eg power electronics, for controlling power supply components, which can serve, for example, the power supply of this control device, this at least one tempering device or this at least one temperature measuring device.
  • this control device is signal-connected to this at least one control loop and to at least one temperature measuring device assigned to this at least one control loop.
  • the test device is preferably arranged in the temperature control device and is preferably structurally integrated into the control device. However, it is also possible and preferred that the test device is an at least substantially separate component.
  • the tester preferably includes electrical circuitry suitable for processing signals necessary to perform the test procedure.
  • the electrical circuits of the test device are at least substantially separate from the circuits of the controller, insofar as no signal lines need to be shared.
  • the circuits of the test device are preferably arranged spatially offset from the circuits of the control device. This has the advantage that their arrangement is more flexible and can be designed, for example, to minimize harmful thermal or corrosive influences, for example by encapsulation. In this way, the reliability of the test device and thus of the tempering device can be improved.
  • the test device preferably comprises at least one signal connection to a tempering device by outputting signals which influence the operating state of the tempering device.
  • the test device preferably further comprises at least one signal connection to a control loop in that it can exchange signals with at least one component of the control loop, for example its actuator, which regulates the power supply to the tempering device, or its measuring element (sensor).
  • the test device is preferably provided with a power control device signal-connected, which controls and measures the output to a tempering power.
  • this test device which is assigned to this tempering device for carrying out a test method, is arranged outside this tempering device, wherein this test device comprises a signal connection with this at least one temperature measuring device.
  • this signal connection preferably takes place in an external embodiment via an interface which is provided on this tempering device, in particular on this control device.
  • a central control of the test procedure takes place, e.g. from a control center or a laboratory information management system (LIMS), which in particular can control a plurality of tempering devices.
  • LIMS laboratory information management system
  • an external test device can be in signal communication with this temperature control device via this transmission line and start and execute a test procedure. Since a signal connection can also take place wirelessly and thus over greater distances and through walls and obstacles, for example by electromagnetic signal transmission in the GHz range, a test of a test variable of this tempering device can be made even more flexible.
  • the tempering device preferably further comprises a starting device which is suitable for manually and / or automatically starting a test method carried out by this test device.
  • the starting device is preferably structurally integrated in the test device or the control device, but may also be designed separately.
  • the starting device preferably comprises circuits which are suitable for processing a start signal and / or in particular for processing a start program code.
  • the starting device is preferably designed for manual starting, in particular for the immediate or delayed start of a test method of the test device of this tempering device.
  • the starting device can at least one input device, such as an actuator such as a button or sensor array on a control panel of Temper michsvorraum have, which is signal-connected to this test device and is formed at least to effect a start signal by the user.
  • the starting device in particular a starting program, is preferably designed such that the starting of a test procedure preferably takes place automatically at each, in particular before or after each measurement carried out by means of this tempering device on this at least one sample, in particular for each performance of a tempering program.
  • the starting device, in particular a starting program is preferably designed so that the starting of the testing method is automatically provided after a certain total operating time of the tempering device.
  • the starting device in particular a start program, is preferably designed so that the starting of the test procedure automatically takes place after a predetermined inactivity time of the temperature control device, in which the temperature control device in particular automatically switches itself out of a stand-by mode in order to carry out this test procedure.
  • the starting device in particular a start program, is furthermore preferably designed such that starting the test method and the type of test method to be carried out are of a specific type Temperature control program is assigned. This assignment can be permanently stored in the tempering device or the test device or assigned by the user, in particular by means of the input device.
  • the user automatically receives a test result when carrying out a tempering program or that a certificate is issued which provides information about the operating state of the tempering device, in particular before, during or after the tempering program.
  • a test procedure can be carried out flexibly and comfortably for the user.
  • the tempering device in particular the starting device, is designed to carry out a plurality of, in particular all, the described starting possibilities.
  • this tempering device preferably comprises at least one power control device which is designed to control and / or measure the power delivered to at least one tempering device, in particular the electrical power.
  • this test device preferably comprises a signal connection with this at least one power measuring device, so that the power delivered to such a temperature control device can be detected and available as data for use in a test method, in particular within a test method according to the invention.
  • the tempering device in particular the control device, preferably comprises at least one timer, which is preferably in signal connection with the test device.
  • the test device comprises at least one timer.
  • the object underlying the invention is further solved by the method according to the invention for testing at least one first test variable of a tempering device.
  • the method can be carried out in particular by tempering devices designed as thermomixers, thermostats or thermocyclers.
  • the method according to the invention for testing at least one first test variable of a tempering device which serves to control the temperature of at least one sample, in particular a PCR sample, wherein this tempering device has at least one tempering block, which is designed to receive the at least one sample, at least one first tempering device is arranged for controlling the temperature of this at least one tempering, at least a first temperature measuring device and at least one second temperature measuring device associated with at least one control loop, each tempering is associated with at least one temperature measuring device, at least one control device which is designed to control the temperature of the at least one tempering , and at least one first control loop, to which these at least one first tempering device and these at least one, this at least one first tempering device assign te, are associated with the first temperature measuring device, comprises the following
  • An advantage of this test method according to the invention is that the operating state of a tempering device and its components, in particular the operating state of a composite of components can be monitored, this composite comprising at least one first tempering device and further this at least one, this at least one first tempering associated, includes first temperature measuring device.
  • the determined first test variable can be assigned to at least this first tempering device and at least to this first temperature measuring device.
  • this first test variable is assigned to this component group and characterizes its operating state. By comparing this first Test variable with a reference size, which may be stored for example in a memory device of the temperature control, which is provided via an interface, or which is calculated by the controller, the operating state can be monitored.
  • the operating state of this tempering device can be monitored by comparing two or more test variables, wherein z.
  • a first test variable of a first tempering device and a second test variable of a second tempering device can be assigned or a first test variable of a first temperature measuring device and a second test variable of a second temperature measuring device can be assigned.
  • the method is therefore advantageous in the case of temperature control devices which, for example, have at least two tempering devices to increase the temperature control power, to each of which at least one temperature measuring device is assigned.
  • the method individually detects the measuring temperatures of these temperature measuring devices, two test variables can be determined, which give information about the operating state individually or in comparison with each other or with a reference variable.
  • tempering devices and the temperature measuring devices of the control loop must be able to be selectively excluded from being involved in the control loop, and e.g. be designed switchable by means of the test device.
  • each control circuit has at least one temperature measuring device assigned to this tempering device, by means of this embodiment of the inventive method it can be determined which individual component of these temperature measuring devices and tempering devices is defective.
  • a temperature difference is determined, which is measured by operating the temperature device T1 within a constant time interval by the temperature measuring device S1 as the first test variable. Furthermore, a temperature difference is determined, which is determined within this time period by operating the tempering device T2 of this temperature measuring device S2 as a second measured variable.
  • the third test variable is the temperature difference which is determined at S1 due to a temperature change by means of T2 within a predetermined period of time and the fourth test variable is the temperature difference that results at the temperature measuring device S2 within this time period due to a temperature control by means of T1.
  • a temperature control of the tempering block (section) is initially carried out exclusively via the composite T2, S1 and optionally exclusively via T1, S2.
  • a comparison of this third test variable with another reference variable provides information as to whether there is a malfunction in the pair of components T1, S2 or T2, S1. By comparison with the first and second test variables, it can be concluded which component T1, T2, S1 or S2 has a defect.
  • the composite S1, T1 has a malfunction, which is determined by means of the first test variable, and the composite S2, T2 no Malfunction on, which is determined by means of the second test variable, so there is a defect in the temperature measuring device S1 when the composite S1, T2 results in a malfunction, which can be determined by means of this third test variable.
  • This diagnosis can be confirmed if the optionally to be determined fourth test variable, which corresponds to the composite T1, S2, no malfunction results.
  • this likewise additionally relates to the testing of a second test variable of this tempering device, wherein this tempering device comprises at least one second control loop different from this first control loop, at least one second tempering device and at least this second control circuit, associated with at least one second tempering, associated temperature measuring device, and wherein the method comprises the steps of: operating this second tempering device for the duration of at least a first time period from at least a first time; Detecting at least one measurement temperature from said at least one second second temperature measuring device associated with said second temperature control device at least for a second time; Determining at least a second test variable of the temperature control device using this at least one measurement temperature; Comparison of this second test size with a reference size.
  • tempering devices are e.g. used to generate a temperature gradient in the temperature block.
  • two test variables can be determined, which give information about the operating state individually or in comparison with each other or with a reference variable.
  • a fourth embodiment of the method according to the invention is preferably used.
  • This method is designed to determine a difference between measurement temperatures as a test variable of a temperature control device, and in addition to the steps of the method according to the invention the following steps: detecting at least one measuring temperature from said at least one second temperature measuring device at least for a second time; Use this measurement temperature to determine this test size by forming at least a difference in the measurement temperatures of these first and second temperature measurement devices, and using this difference as this test size.
  • the second time at which the measuring temperature is detected with the first temperature measuring device is preferably the same time.
  • the measurements can also be made at different times.
  • the said difference is a measure of the deviation of the operating state of the tested temperature measuring devices.
  • This embodiment of the method can also be used in particular in combination with the above-described configurations of the method, which relate to the determination of this second test variable, ie both this first and this second test variable can be a temperature difference with two, in particular different or even same, temperature measuring devices has been determined.
  • this first tempering device between this first and second time is also possible for the power consumption of this first tempering device between this first and second time to be detected by means of a power control device as a test variable, in particular in parallel with the latter step, and compared with reference data for the power consumption of this first temperature control device becomes.
  • this second time is selected so that the temperature-controlled tempering block or tempering block section has assumed the setpoint temperature within a tolerance.
  • the method comprises the step of selecting this first time period to include a waiting time, eg 0 to 900 seconds, 10 to 50 seconds, or preferably 20 to 40 seconds, following the time at which the temperature to be tempered Temperierblock or Temperierblockabites within a tolerance has reached the target temperature to achieve a stable temperature measurement.
  • the measuring temperature is preferably repeated at times after this first time, for example periodically, by means of this first temperature measuring device.
  • This setpoint temperature plus a tolerance is preferably used as this reference variable.
  • this reference variable it is also possible for this reference variable to be different, in particular smaller, than this setpoint temperature, so that a comparison of the measurement temperature with the reference variable can take place, in particular, before reaching the setpoint temperature on the temperature control block, so that a shortened test procedure is made possible, which is especially true can lead to a shortened overall duration of the test procedure.
  • variable size in this case is the time or the time span. In both cases, either the quotient or the variable size can be used as test variable. If one chooses the variable size as a test variable, then the respectively predetermined (constant) value, eg a fixed temperature difference, will also be the basis of the reference quantity, which used for comparison with the test size.
  • the use of the variable size as a test variable offers the particular advantage that the calculation step of the quotient formation and thus the calculation time is saved.
  • the method according to the invention preferably comprises the steps of: detecting at least one measurement temperature from this at least one temperature measuring device associated with this tempering device at a third time; Forming the difference between two measurement temperatures, one of which was measured at this second time and the other at that third time; Forming a second time period corresponding to the difference of said third time and said second time; and using this difference of two measurement temperatures or this second time period as this first test quantity.
  • this third time is preferably behind this second time.
  • the method in an eighth embodiment preferably further comprises the steps of: using a predetermined second time period; Using the sum of this second time and this predetermined second time period as this third time.
  • the second time period is kept constant and the temperature difference at this first temperature measuring device is determined at the beginning and end of this second time period.
  • this third time is preferably selected such that the tempering block does not yet reach the setpoint temperature. Then, the temperature difference or quotient is detected during a period in which the temperature of the tempering block changes continuously. However, the third time can also be selected such that the tempering block has already reached the setpoint temperature within a tolerance.
  • the method in a ninth embodiment preferably comprises the steps: repeated detection of at least one variable measuring temperature from this temperature measuring device associated with at least one temperature measuring device at times after this second time; Comparing this variable measurement temperature with a comparison temperature, detecting a time when this variable measurement temperature within a tolerance has reached this comparison temperature, and using this time as this third time.
  • the reference temperature is preferably this target temperature or another predetermined, e.g. stored in the tempering, temperature.
  • the tempering in particular in the sixth or seventh embodiment of the method, can be done either by applying a set temperature to the control loop or by applying a constant power to the tempering.
  • the method in a tenth embodiment therefore preferably includes the step of applying a setpoint temperature from at least this first time and for at least the duration of this first time period to this first control loop, to which this at least one first tempering device and this at least one, this at least one first tempering associated, first temperature measuring device, are assigned.
  • this reference temperature is preferably this target temperature.
  • the method in an eleventh embodiment comprises the step of operating this at least one first temperature control device for the duration of at least this first time period from at least one first time with constant power.
  • the method comprises at least one of the two steps: using this second test variable as reference variable for comparison with this first test parameter; Use this first test size as reference for comparison with this second test size.
  • this reference size is a reference temperature, which is e.g. is stored in a memory device of Temper michsvortechnik, or which is the Temper michsvortechnisch provided via a data interface.
  • the method is preferably started manually by the user, preferably via an input panel on the tempering device.
  • the method is started either manually by the user or automatically.
  • the method is preferably started automatically for each measurement carried out by means of this tempering device on this at least one sample, in particular for one, in particular each, carrying out a tempering program with at least one sample, in particular before, after or during the execution of a tempering program.
  • the starting of the method is provided automatically after a certain total operating time of the tempering device.
  • the operation flow is less delayed when using a tempering device, which performs the test method according to the invention, and the use of this tempering device becomes more efficient and comfortable. Furthermore, a short process time allows the test procedure to be carried out more often, in particular automatically. This improves the reliability of the tempering device. In the event that the test procedure is carried out completely during the execution of a tempering program, the duration of the method can even be designated as zero.
  • the tempering device according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention preferably also has a documentation function, by means of which data are stored permanently, i. e.g. permanently with regard to power interruption, can be recorded.
  • the tempering device preferably has a documentation device, which may comprise a memory device or parts of a memory device also used for storing other data.
  • This documentation device is preferably arranged in this tempering device, but can also be used as an external device, e.g. as part of an external PC, which is connected via a data interface with the tempering device.
  • the documentation device is preferably used to store a test logbook which provides data entries, e.g. Date, time, serial number, user and / or test result (e.g., passed / failed).
  • the method preferably comprises the step: entering at least one data entry into a documentation device of the tempering device. By documenting test results, the maintenance and thus the reliability of the device can be improved.
  • the method preferably comprises the step: creating a certificate from proof data.
  • This verification data may include user-selectable or default text as well as a header with date, time, username, device serial number, or device type.
  • these detection data comprise at least one test result of a previously performed test procedure, eg an overall result and one or more partial results.
  • the method is performed at least partially simultaneously and repeatedly several times and in succession, and in particular by means of different components, and furthermore that several different of the described embodiments of the method may be combined.
  • the inventive method is performed several times, in at least one of the described embodiments.
  • at least one method in an embodiment for determining an absolute value as a test variable with at least one method in a configuration for determining a change in value is preferably used as a test variable to determine one or more test variables , As a result, a particularly reliable overall result of the tests of the operating state of the tempering device can be obtained.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably provided for carrying out with a tempering device according to the invention. However, it is also possible and preferred that this method according to the invention is carried out with another tempering device.
  • the tempering device 1 is a thermal cycler, which is designed for automatically carrying out a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a plurality of PCR samples.
  • the thermal cycler 1 has a housing 2 and a heated lid 3. It comprises a substantially cuboid Temperierblock 4, which is a one-piece made of metal component.
  • the tempering block 4 has at its top a plurality of receptacles 5, which are adapted to receive a plurality of sample containers, e.g. from a PCR plate are formed.
  • the sample containers and the receptacles 5 are designed so that between the outer wall of the sample containers and the inner wall of the receptacles 5 as large a contact surface is achieved, which is the same for each sample container to ensure optimal and reproducible heat transfer between Temperierblock 4 and sample container.
  • the tempering 4 is heated by the temperature control device 6, which is a Peltier element.
  • the temperature control device 6, which is a Peltier element.
  • two temperature measuring devices 7, 7 ' are further mounted, by means of which the temperature of the Temperierblocks can be measured.
  • the Peltier element 6 is in large-area contact with the underside of the tempering block 4, so that the plurality of receptacles 5 are located above the Peltier element 6.
  • the control device 8 comprises a control circuit 9, to which these tempering device 6 and these two temperature measuring devices 7 are assigned.
  • the control circuit 9 comprises the circuits of the controller 10, which receives via the connections 11, 13 two temperature actual values measured by the temperature measuring devices 7, 7 'as a controlled variable of the control circuit 9.
  • the controlled variable is formed, for example, by averaging from the two actual temperature values.
  • the controller 10 sets a control value which ultimately determines the power with which the temperature control device 6 is operated via the connection 12.
  • the tempering device comprises a test device 14, with which a test method can be carried out, in which at least one test variable can be determined, which characterizes the operational readiness of the tempering device.
  • the test device 14 is arranged within the tempering device 1 and is structurally integrated into the control device 8. Via the signal line 15, the controller 10 and the signal line 11, the test device 14 is signal-connected to the temperature sensor 7 and analog signal connected to the second temperature sensor 7 '.
  • the test device comprises a signal connection to the control circuit 9, in particular to the controller 10, and is in particular designed to control the output to the temperature control device 6 by influencing the control value of the control loop.
  • An advantage of using two temperature measuring devices 7 and 7 ', which are associated with a tempering device 6, is that an additional data source is provided, which can provide information about the operating state of the device that not only the total failure of a component detected but also performance deviations of the components can be detected.
  • the sensor 7 ' not only measures the temperature controlled by the tempering device 6, but also provides a comparison value for the data measured by means of the sensor 7.
  • the test device is assigned a section of a memory device (data memory, not shown) in which a program code for carrying out a test method, in particular the test method according to the invention, is stored. Furthermore, the test device 14 is assigned a further section of a memory device which stores the results of at least one test method.
  • the test device 14 further comprises a starting device 18 for automatically starting a test method, wherein this starting device is in signal connection with this test device, so that an automatic starting of this test method is made possible.
  • the starting device comprises a circuit logic which, in the exemplary embodiment, is designed to carry out the test method after each performance of a tempering program which is e.g. in performing a PCR can perform.
  • the starting device is structurally integrated into the control device 8.
  • the thermal cycler 21 comprises a test device 24, which is designed as an external test device.
  • the test device 24 is signal-connected via a signal line 17, a signal interface 16 to the control device 28, and signal-connected via the signal line 15, the controller 10 and the signal line 11 with the temperature measuring device 7 and signal-connected in a similar manner with the sensor 7 'and the tempering device 6 ,
  • the existing structure of the tempering device, in particular the sensors is used for carrying out a test method, so that expensive additional hardware is not required.
  • the test device 24 can be integrated in an external control device, eg a PC, from which a central control of the test methods of different temperature control devices can take place.
  • test device 24 is integrated into a laboratory information management system (LIMS).
  • LIMS laboratory information management system
  • the external embodiment has the particular advantage that test methods, in particular the method according to the invention, can be adapted or changed more easily and that the test results are available more directly for external data evaluation and monitoring.
  • FIG. 3 shows a tempering device (thermal cycler) 31, which comprises a control loop 32, which a first Peltier element 38 and a second Peltier element 39 are assigned. Furthermore, the temperature measurement devices 7 and 7 '(temperature sensors) are assigned to the control circuit 32, wherein the temperature sensor 7 is assigned to the tempering device 39 and the temperature sensor 7' is assigned to the tempering device 38.
  • the temperature of the Temperierblocks 4, which is measured by the temperature sensor 7 is thereby influenced substantially by the temperature control 39, which is located closer to this sensor 7, as the tempering device 38. Accordingly, the temperature measured by the sensor 7 'is closer to the closer arranged tempering 38 influenced.
  • test device 14 is signal-connected via the signal connection 15, the controller 33 and the signal line 34 with the temperature sensor 7 and signal-connected via the signal line 15, the controller 33 and the signal line 35 with the tempering device 39. Accordingly, the test device 14 'is signal-connected to the sensor 7' and the tempering device 38.
  • the test device 14 ' can be designed to temporarily switch off the tempering device 38 or the tempering device 39, so that regulation is only possible with a tempering device. This opens up possibilities for further test procedures which improve the reliability of the tempering device by providing detailed information about the operating state.
  • FIG. 4 shows a Temper michsvorraum 41, which comprises two control circuits 42 and 42 ', wherein each control circuit two tempering and two temperature measuring devices are assigned, and each temperature control is associated with a temperature measuring device.
  • the tempering 4 is divided into two sections 4a and 4b, which are interrupted by a material of poorer thermal conductivity, eg air. This disturbing influences between the control circuits 42 and 42 ', in particular disturbing control vibrations are reduced.
  • the control circuit 42 comprises the Peltier elements 48 and 49 as actuators, which regulate a temperature on the portion 4a of Apply tempering blocks, which are measured by the temperature sensor 51, which is associated with the temperature device 48, and the temperature measuring device 50, which is associated with the tempering 49.
  • the test device 54 includes signal connections to the control circuits 42 and 42 'as well as signal connections to the temperature sensors 50, 51, 50', 51 '.
  • FIG. 5 shows the Temper michsvorraum 61
  • the two control circuits 62 and 62 'includes each control loop is associated with a temperature control and a temperature measuring device. Furthermore, each temperature control is assigned exactly one temperature measuring device.
  • the control circuit 62 is associated with the Peltier element 66, which tempered the section 4a of the tempering 4 to produce a temperature in the tempering, which is measured by the temperature sensor 67, which is the tempering device 66 of the control circuit 62, and measured as the actual temperature to the Regulator 63 of the control circuit 62 is transmitted, whereby the control loop is closed.
  • the control loop 62 ' is constructed. Instead of a tempering block separated into sections, it is also possible to use a one-piece tempering block 4.
  • the test device 74 is signal-connected by means of the signal line 75, the controller 63 and the signal line 64 to the temperature sensor 67. Analogously, the test device 74 is signal-connected to the temperature sensor 67 '. Furthermore, the test device 74 in each case includes a signal connection to the control circuits 62 and 62 'and the tempering devices 66 and 66'. In this way, various test methods can be carried out by means of the components connected to the test device 74, as described, of the thermal cycler 61, as a result of which its operating state can be reliably monitored.
  • FIG. 6 shows the thermal cycler 81
  • the tempering 4 consists of four sections, 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d
  • each Temperierblockabêt is tempered by a tempering device, and is assigned to its own control loop.
  • the control circuit 82 is associated with the Peltier element 86, which generates a temperature in the section 4a of the tempering 4, which is measured by the temperature sensor 87 and transmitted as an actual temperature to the controller 83 of the control circuit 82, whereby the control loop is closed.
  • the control circuits 82 ', 82 "and 82"' are constructed.
  • the test device 94 is signal-connected via the signal line 95, the controller 83 and the signal line 84 to the temperature measuring device 87 and signal-connected via the signal line 95, with the controller 83 and the signal line 85 with the tempering device 86.
  • the test device is signal-connected to the corresponding components of the control circuits 82 ', 82 "and 82"'.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the sequence of the method 100 for testing at least a first test variable of a tempering device.
  • This tempering device suitable for carrying out the method which is in particular the test device according to the invention and one of the designs according to Fig. 1 to 6 may correspond to the temperature of at least one sample, in particular a PCR sample is formed.
  • the tempering device comprises at least one tempering block, which is designed to accommodate the at least one sample, at least one first tempering device, which are arranged for controlling the temperature of this at least one tempering, at least a first temperature measuring device and at least one second temperature measuring device, each tempering associated with at least one temperature measuring device is, at least one control device which is designed to control the temperature of the at least one Temperierblocks, preferably a timer, and at least one first control circuit to which these at least one first temperature control and these at least one, associated with at least one first temperature control, associated first temperature measuring device ,
  • the method 100 includes the steps of: 101 starting the method; 102 operating at least this first tempering device for the duration of at least a first time period from at least a first time; 103 detecting at least one measurement temperature from said at least one first temperature measuring device associated with said first temperature control device at least for a second time; 104 determining at least a first test variable of the tempering device using this at least one measurement temperature; 105 Comparison of this first test size with a reference size.
  • a predetermined variable stored in the tempering device is used as the reference variable in accordance with step 106.
  • Method 110 shown shows an embodiment of the method 100 which, in addition to the steps 101 to 105, comprises the steps of: 111 applying a setpoint temperature from at least this first time to this control loop, to which these at least one tempering device and this at least one, assigned to at least one tempering device , Temperature measuring device are assigned; 114 Use the measurement temperature measured at this second time as this test size.
  • Step 111 causes the control circuit to temper the tempering, ie to heat or cool, to reach a target temperature of the tempering.
  • the second time point of the measurement of the temperature which is then used as a test variable (step 114), can be selected, for example, such that the change in the temperature of the tempering block is monitored by means of this temperature measuring device, for example.
  • a latency can also be set, in particular taking into account the magnitude of the temperature jump and the starting temperature and setpoint temperature and, in particular, taking into account the history of the temperatures on the tempering block, within which a stable temperature setting is normally expected. This latency may be, for example, 30 seconds.
  • a deviation of the test variable determined in step 104 here a temperature, from the predetermined and expected Reference value (step 106) is determined, the test result is negative and is output to the user accordingly.
  • the method 110 includes the step 107, which provides that the test result is output from the tester. This is preferably done visually, e.g. via a display on the tempering device or via an external output device, e.g. may be the display of an external PC, which may be signal connected to the test device via a data interface.
  • the test method 110 can be carried out in particular by a test device of the temperature control device according to the invention.
  • the test results are electronically stored and documented, e.g. with a documentation device of the tempering device according to the invention or on an external PC.
  • the assignment of at least one Temperiermess worn to this tempering to a composite makes it possible that the operating state of this network can be monitored.
  • the comparison of step 105 of the measured test size e.g.
  • FIG. 9 12 shows the method 120, which in addition to testing a first test variable according to steps 101 to 105, relates to testing a second test variable of this tempering device.
  • the method is suitable, for example, for a tempering apparatus whose first control loop is assigned at least one second tempering device and at least one second temperature measuring device assigned to this at least one second tempering device.
  • the method is suitable for a temperature control device comprising at least one, different from this first control loop, second control loop, said second control loop at least one second temperature control and at least one, this at least associated with a second tempering, second temperature measuring device are assigned. Examples of such tempering are in the Fig. 3 to 6 illustrated themocycler.
  • the method 120 includes the steps of: 101 starting the method; 102 operating at least this first tempering device for the duration of at least a first time period from at least a first time; 103 detecting at least one measurement temperature from said at least one first temperature measuring device associated with said first temperature control device at least for a second time; 104 determining at least a first test variable of the tempering device using this at least one measurement temperature; 105 comparing this first test variable with a reference size which is this second test size (step 106b).
  • the method 120 provides that the steps are carried out simultaneously or simultaneously with the steps 102 to 105: 102 'operating this second tempering device for the duration of at least a first time period from at least a first time; 103 'detecting at least one measuring temperature from said at least one second second temperature measuring device associated with said second temperature control device at least for a second time; 104 'determining at least one second test variable of the temperature control device using this at least one measurement temperature; 105 'Compare this second test size with a reference size which is this first test size (step 106b). Alternatively or additionally, each test variable may be compared to a stored reference size.
  • An advantage of the determination of a second test variable and thus an advantage of the method 120 is that the temperature control and temperature measuring devices can monitor each other so that a better monitoring of the operating state of the tempering device is made possible, thereby becoming more reliable.
  • FIG. 10 shows the method 130, which in addition to the method steps 101 to 105 comprises the steps: 131 detecting at least one measurement temperature from said at least one temperature measuring device associated with said tempering device at a third time; 134 forming the difference between two measurement temperatures, one of which was measured at this second time and the other at that third time, Forming a second time period corresponding to the difference of this third time and second time and using this second time period as this first test size.
  • the test variable "time period" is determined as a value change with respect to a predetermined (constant) temperature difference. Also, the reference size, with which this test size is compared, was determined and set with respect to this constant temperature difference. Thus, even if it is not explicitly calculated in this embodiment of the method, there is a quotient.
  • a (temporal) change in value not only the failure of a composite of tempering device and the at least one, their associated temperature measuring device can be determined, but also the performance of this composite can be tested according to method 140.
  • a temperature difference, time difference or the quotient of the two values is determined by either specifying a time difference and the resulting temperature difference is determined or alternatively, by determining within what time a predetermined temperature difference is formed.
  • the method 150 is shown in which two time differences are determined as test variables. It can be carried out, for example, by a temperature control device, in which a temperature control device is associated with two temperature measuring devices.
  • a tempering device examples include those in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown thermal cycler. Together with the first temperature measuring device assigned to it, the tempering device forms a first component composite and, together with the second temperature measuring device assigned to it, forms a second component composite, with a separate test variable for identifying the efficiency of the composite being determined for each composite.
  • the method 150 starts automatically (step 101) after a tempering program has been carried out, and tempering the tempering block with the tempering device from a first time (102).
  • the control loop of the tempering, to which the tempering is assigned, for example, a setpoint is specified. In each case two temperature values are determined at two points in time by means of the two temperature measuring devices assigned to this tempering device.
  • the two time points of the temperature measurements are determined before the setpoint temperature is reached.
  • the predetermined constant temperature difference, upon reaching this third time is recorded, for example, 30 ° C.
  • the time difference between the third and second time, which is assigned to the first component group and determined as the first test variable, is eg 30 seconds
  • the second test variable assigned to the second component group is eg 35 s. Assuming that the (reference) value for the time difference normally expected under the selected conditions would be 30 s with a tolerance of 0.5 s. Then either both temperature sensors are defective or the tempering device is defective. It is less likely that two components will fail at the same time than one component is defective.
  • the tempering device has a defect, for example, a faulty connection to the tempering block.
  • the design of the temperature control device with two sensors per control loop and tempering device and the inventive method additional security in the analysis of the operating state of the temperature control can be obtained.
  • FIG. 13 shows a method 160 in which two differently configured inventive methods are combined into a test method, whereby a particularly reliable test of the operating state of a temperature control device is achieved.
  • the method 160 is carried out, for example, by a tempering device in which a tempering device is assigned two temperature measuring devices, cf. Fig. 1 and 2 , A first test variable and a second test variable are determined in a temporally overlapping sequence.
  • the method is started by a manual user input, which takes place, for example, via a control panel of the tempering device, in step 101.
  • a setpoint is applied to the control circuit of the tempering device (162) and the tempering device is caused to heat up.
  • the first test variable is a difference between two temperature values which are determined simultaneously by the temperature sensors assigned to the tempering device, specifically at this second time (103, 163) and whose difference is used as the first test variable (164, 104).
  • this second time is preferably chosen so that a waiting time of eg 30 seconds is included after reaching the setpoint temperature, within which the temperature stabilizes.
  • the second test variable in method 160 is the time required to reach a given temperature difference. It thus corresponds to a rate of change of temperature without, however, explicitly calculating the quotient of temperature and time difference.
  • the time period is determined by measuring not only at the times of this second time (103) of the method 160, but additionally using two further times and two further temperature values. These times are a third time (131), and another second time (103 '), this third time during the tempering, ie after this first time and after this further second time is provided.
  • This further second time (103 ') is preferably selected such that the temperature setpoint has not yet been reached, so that the temperature between the times a e.g. Has rising, in particular substantially ramp-shaped course.
  • the measured temperature difference may be provided by this first or second temperature sensor, or a combination of the sensors may be used, e.g. by averaging.
  • Both the first test size and the second test size are compared with stored reference values (105, 106, 105 ", 106") and a partial result of the test method is output (107, 107 ") time-saving additional test data can be determined, the information give about the operating state of the tempering device.
  • a combined test method has further embodiments of the method according to the invention, in that, for example, after determination of the first test variable determined during a heating step, further test variables are determined which are determined during cooling steps.

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CN102149474B (zh) 2014-12-24
EP2321051B1 (fr) 2016-09-07

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