EP2151628A2 - Alimentation de brûleur - Google Patents

Alimentation de brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2151628A2
EP2151628A2 EP20090009301 EP09009301A EP2151628A2 EP 2151628 A2 EP2151628 A2 EP 2151628A2 EP 20090009301 EP20090009301 EP 20090009301 EP 09009301 A EP09009301 A EP 09009301A EP 2151628 A2 EP2151628 A2 EP 2151628A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuels
volume flow
combustion chamber
main part
feeding device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20090009301
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2151628A3 (fr
Inventor
Harald Faber
Kurt Appel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schenck Process Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Schenck Process GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schenck Process GmbH filed Critical Schenck Process GmbH
Publication of EP2151628A2 publication Critical patent/EP2151628A2/fr
Publication of EP2151628A3 publication Critical patent/EP2151628A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C10J2300/0933—Coal fines for producing water gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C10J2300/0936—Coal fines for producing producer gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/008—Feeding devices for pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to an apparatus and method for supplying fuel to a combustion chamber of incinerators.
  • the present invention relates to a device for supplying flyable secondary fuels into the combustion chamber or in combustion chambers of combustion plants by utilizing gravity.
  • Secondary fuels are heterogeneous bulk materials which are fed to a combustion plant in addition to the primary solid (eg coal), liquid (eg fuel oil) or gaseous (eg natural gas) fuels. These may be wood chips, wood chips, dusts and fibers, household waste but also shredded plastic parts that are to be disposed of in waste incineration plants or similar incinerators. As secondary fuels or secondary fuels, for example, plastic, sawdust or carpet waste are used.
  • flyable or pourable secondary fuels are those fuels that are introduced in smaller pieces or Schnipseln in the combustion chamber of incinerators and thereby have a ballistic flight or fall behavior of light bulk material with relatively low density.
  • Devices are already known for supplying fuel into the combustion chamber of incinerators, in the art flyable or pourable secondary fuels are also referred to as "fluff", the combustion chamber or the combustion chamber as “Combustion Chamber” and the feeders as "Inducer”.
  • a device for the introduction of secondary fuels in an incinerator with a configured as a sluice conveyor (fabric slug lock) and a central screw tube, which serves as a feed tube for a conveying gas, in particular conveying air.
  • a sluice conveyor fabric slug lock
  • a central screw tube which serves as a feed tube for a conveying gas, in particular conveying air.
  • combustion chambers for the metered introduction and combustion of secondary fuels.
  • combustion chambers in the area of the calciner, so-called "combustion chambers”, were hitherto unknown and require a special way of supplying the fuels into the combustion chamber.
  • the new type of combustion chamber technology requires a supply in particular of the secondary fuels under as constant as possible conditions.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an apparatus and a method for introducing fuels into an incinerator, wherein the introduction of fuels into the incinerator takes place under constant conditions as possible without affecting the operation of the incinerator or the operating conditions of the combustion chamber to change significantly.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a replacement for a double lock, in particular a HESS double lock, in an incinerator, in particular a HOLCIM factory, with the aim of direct metering of secondary fuels into the combustion chamber, in particular in a so-called "combustion chamber”.
  • the device according to the invention for introducing a volume flow of gaseous fuels into the combustion chamber of an incinerator is characterized by means for pressurized introduction of a delivery fluid into the delivery device, whereby the volume flow of the fuels is placed in a rotating vortex movement.
  • the above objects are achieved by a method for introducing a volume flow of gaseous fuels into the combustion chamber of an incinerator, characterized by the pressurized introduction of a delivery fluid into the delivery device in such a way that the volume flow of the fuels is placed in a rotating vortex motion.
  • the conveying fluid is injected from a number of swirl nozzles under pressure into an inlet funnel of the feeding device in such a way that larger pieces in the volume flow of the fuels are driven radially outwards against the wall of the inlet funnel and on a spiral track in the inlet funnel to move the influence of gravity down towards the hopper outlet.
  • the pressure and the supplied quantity of the conveying fluid are preferably set in such a way that the most uniform turbulence and / or distribution of the volume flow of the fuels in the feeding device is achieved.
  • the turbulence and / or distribution of the volume flow of the fuels is favored in particular by the swirl nozzles are arranged with a tangential direction with respect to the circumference of the inlet funnel. In this way, the volume flow of the fuels in the delivery device receives a tangential component and is put into a whirling motion.
  • pressurized feed fluid may be directed to the volume flow of the fuels such that the volumetric flow of the fuels is evenly distributed across the cross section of the tubular feeder and accelerated to the lower open end of the feeder toward the combustion chamber of the combustor becomes.
  • the conveying fluid can be injected into the tubular body or a downpipe of the feeder such that the escape of dust, leakage or return flow of hot furnace gases, flue gases or flames from the combustion chamber the incinerator is prevented in the direction of the feeding device.
  • the pressure and the amount of the delivery fluid supplied through the number of annular gap nozzles can be adjusted in such a way that the turbulence and / or distribution of the volume flow of the fuels is as uniform as possible.
  • An advantage of the present invention over the prior art is the saving of a mechanical lock in the area of the loading of combustion chambers under the action of gravity. Furthermore, the inventive device for supplying fuel / secondary fuels in combustion chambers of Incineration plants are advantageously arranged behind a suitable metering device, such as a metering screw from which the fuels / secondary fuels are continuously discharged.
  • the present invention is applicable both to the supply of fuels in the main combustion chamber of an incinerator and to the supply of fuels in a calciner, which is usually located at the kiln inlet.
  • a calciner is used, for example in the cement production of the preparation and deacidification of the raw meal, ie the conversion of CaCO 3 in CaO.
  • the limestone fractured in the quarry is first ground into raw meal and then homogenized in mixed silos, whereby additives such as clay, sand or iron ore give the desired chemical composition.
  • the raw meal is then fired into cement clinker.
  • coal dust or secondary fuels can be used as fuels, which must be metered by means of special metering devices during the supply to the main burner (at the kiln outlet) and to the calciner (at the kiln inlet). This is done in an advantageous manner by a device according to the present invention for supplying flyable or pourable or pieced secondary fuels into the combustion chamber or in the combustion chamber.
  • the required sealing of the combustion chamber is another important aspect, since it must be ensured that neither Flue gases can strike back sparks or flames from the combustion chamber in the feeder.
  • the present invention offers the advantage that the blocking fluid is prevented from flowing out of the combustion chamber by the constant and sufficient transport fluid flow and thus by a constant and sufficient volume flow of the secondary fuels in the feed device according to the invention to get into the feeder.
  • the burner supply according to the invention may comprise a gate valve, which serves as a safety shut-off in a plant standstill in order to prevent dust or escape of combustion gases from the combustion chamber.
  • the burner feeder according to the present invention also offers the possibility of introducing, with respect to the combustion chamber, substantially central introduction of even larger volume flows of secondary fuels into the combustion chamber of the burner.
  • a volume flow of secondary fuels of more than 200 m 3 / h can be introduced into the combustion chamber with minimal flow of conveying fluid and thereby with minimum impairment of the combustion process.
  • DN400 focusing flow guides or focusing swirl nozzles
  • the present invention thus further solves the conflict of a compressed volume flow of secondary fuels from a metering screw against a dispersed volume flow of secondary fuels in the combustion chamber, as has existed in previously known devices.
  • the volume flow of the secondary fuels receives a pronounced and thus delayed fall phase or "flight phase" within the combustion chamber, resulting in a longer residence time of the secondary fuels in the combustion zone of the combustion chamber and causes a better burnout or a more complete combustion of the secondary fuels.
  • Feed device according to the invention a substantially tubular main part or downpipe 3 with a vertical coaxial axis A, which has at its upper end and at its lower end in each case an open end face.
  • the lower end of the tubular main part 3 of the supply device is connected to a burner or to a combustion chamber (combustion chamber) of a combustion plant (not shown).
  • an inlet funnel 1 is arranged, which receives the falling from a metering device (not shown) volume flow of fuels or secondary fuels.
  • the inlet funnel 1 at its upper edge on a flange 6, via which the inlet funnel 1 can be firmly connected to the metering device.
  • the inlet funnel 1 is provided with swirl nozzles 5, which are arranged distributed in the upper region of the inlet funnel 1 over its entire circumference. From the swirl nozzles 5, a delivery fluid is injected under pressure into the inlet funnel 1, which causes the volume flow of fuels or secondary fuels falling from the dosing device into a rotating swirling movement.
  • the swirl nozzles 5 are arranged with a tangential direction with respect to the wall in the upper part of the inlet funnel 1.
  • This delivery fluid may be any gas, eg air, or even a liquid.
  • the Delivery fluid or delivery gas should be chosen so that it supports the combustion process in the burner or at least not adversely affected.
  • the orientation of the swirl nozzles 5 in the inlet hopper 1 is preferably after the main twist of the burner, i. aligned after the swirl in the combustion chamber of the incinerator. Furthermore, the amount of fluid supplied by the swirl nozzles 5 into the inlet funnel 1 is preferably adjustable in order to achieve an optimum or as uniform as possible turbulence of the volume flow of the fuels in the inlet funnel 1.
  • the device for burner supply comprises at least one annular gap 9, which is formed between the wall of the lower portion 8 of the inlet funnel 1 and the wall of the tubular main part or downpipe 3.
  • This Annular gap 9 can for example be formed by the lower portion 8 is inserted into the tubular main part or the downpipe 3 a piece and the lower portion 8 of the inlet funnel 1 has a smaller diameter than the tubular main part.
  • annular gaps or inlet slots 9 may be formed in the lower region 8 of the inlet funnel 1 and / or below the inlet funnel 1 in the tubular main part 3 of the feeding device.
  • the annular gap 9 is surrounded in a between the inlet funnel 1 and the tubular main part 3 by an annular gap tube 2.
  • further annular gaps can be provided partially or completely on the circumference of the inlet funnel 1 of the tubular main part 3 or of the annular gap tube 2.
  • a plurality of annular gaps can be formed on the wall in the lower region 8 of the inlet funnel 1, in the tubular main part 3 and / or in the annular gap tube 2.
  • annular gaps 9 By the number of annular gaps 9 further conveying fluid is injected under pressure into the tubular main part 3 of the feeding device.
  • the annular gap 9 now has the task of accelerating the fanned and distributed over the entire cross section of the tubular feeder fuel / secondary fuels down to the lower open end side of the feeder device in the direction of the burner tube (not shown).
  • fluid flow By emerging from the annular gap 9 fluid flow is the falling from the hopper 1 in the annular gap 2 volume flow of Fuels / secondary fuels added further pulse energy.
  • the volume flow of the fuels / secondary fuels is thereby accelerated in the direction of the burner at the lower open end of the feeding device.
  • a return flow of hot kiln exhaust gases from the burner into the area of the feed device or even in the direction of the metering device above the feed device is avoided.
  • the annular gap tube 2 can also be designed such that it comprises an inner and the outer wall with an annular inner space 10 into which the delivery fluid is first introduced.
  • the outer wall of the annular gap tube 2 is closed, while the inner wall of the annular gap tube 2 has a number of gaps or slots 9 through which the delivery fluid can enter into the cylindrical interior of the annular clearance tube 2.
  • the conveying fluid flow entering via the number of annular gaps 9 in the inner wall of the annular gap tube 2 can be supplied via a delivery fluid supply line 4 which is flanged, for example, to the outer wall of the annular clearance tube 2 and the delivery fluid into the annular inner space 10 of the annular clearance tube 2 under pressure.
  • annular gaps 9 may also be provided in the lower part 8 of the inlet funnel 1, which is surrounded by the annular gap tube 2.
  • the annular gaps 9 can also be provided in the tubular main part 3, which is surrounded by the annular gap tube 2.
  • annular gap is provided by the transition between the lower region 8 of the inlet funnel 1 and the tubular main part or downpipe 3, which is surrounded by the annular gap tube 2. Additionally or alternatively, in the lower region 8 of the inlet funnel 1, which projects into the annular gap tube 2, gaps or slits may be provided through which the conveying fluid can pass from the interior 10 of the annular gap tube 2, therein the volume flow of the fuels / secondary fuels on the to influence the manner described above.
  • gaps may be provided through which the conveying fluid from the interior 10 of the annular gap tube 2 can enter into the inner region of the tubular main part or downpipe 3 to affect the volume flow of fuels / secondary fuels.
  • the amount of fluid supplied by the number of annular gap nozzles 9 is preferably adjustable in order to achieve optimum or as uniform as possible swirling and distribution of the volume flow of the fuels / secondary fuels in the feed device.
  • the vortex generated by the fluid flow from the swirl nozzles 5 in the feed hopper 1 the volume flow of the fuels can be supported or further reinforced by tangential or radial displacement of the annular gap tube 2 with respect to the tubular main part 3 of the feeding device.
  • Such a radial offset of the annular gap tube 2 with respect to the main part 3 of the delivery device can be achieved, for example, by a larger diameter of the annular clearance tube 2 be achieved with respect to the main part 3 of the feeding device.
  • the tubular main part 3 of the apparatus for burner feed for fuel or secondary fuels may also be formed as the downpipe 3, which adjoins below the inlet funnel 1.
  • a discharge flange 7 at the lower end of the downpipe or the tubular main part 3 a connection to the on-site burner (not shown) can be made.
  • the feeding device according to the invention can replace a mechanical supply of the fuels to the burner and a hitherto required sealing of the burner in the direction of the feeding device.
  • the feed device according to the invention it is possible to produce a predistortion of the volume flow of the secondary fuels already in the feed hopper 1. Furthermore, the flow of conveying fluid in the feed device according to the invention can be used for conditioning and loosening the volume flow of the fuels or of the secondary fuels. The loosening or even distribution of the volume flow of the fuels by the action of the feed device according to the invention supports a better combustion of the fuels / secondary fuels in the burner, which improves the efficiency and performance of the entire system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
EP20090009301 2008-08-04 2009-07-17 Alimentation de brûleur Withdrawn EP2151628A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810036095 DE102008036095B4 (de) 2008-08-04 2008-08-04 Brennerzuführung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2151628A2 true EP2151628A2 (fr) 2010-02-10
EP2151628A3 EP2151628A3 (fr) 2011-04-13

Family

ID=41280437

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20090009301 Withdrawn EP2151628A3 (fr) 2008-08-04 2009-07-17 Alimentation de brûleur

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EP (1) EP2151628A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008036095B4 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113551253A (zh) * 2021-06-19 2021-10-26 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司中南电力试验研究院 基于智慧电厂建设风粉调节系统

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10202490C1 (de) 2002-01-23 2003-12-04 Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Einbringung von Sekundärbrennstoffen in eine Verbrennungsanlage

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FR505716A (fr) * 1919-03-04 1920-08-05 John E Muhlfeld Procédé et dispositif pour bruler des combustibles pulvérisés
US2385508A (en) * 1943-10-23 1945-09-25 Blaw Knox Co Combustion of coal
GB654374A (en) * 1944-08-25 1951-06-13 C H Wheeler Mfg Co Method and apparatus for treating and burning solid fuel
US3387574A (en) * 1966-11-14 1968-06-11 Combustion Eng System for pneumatically transporting high-moisture fuels such as bagasse and bark and an included furnace for drying and burning those fuels in suspension under high turbulence
US4413935A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-11-08 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Flow splitter for dividing a stream of pulverulent material into multiple streams
FR2535018B1 (fr) * 1982-10-22 1987-04-24 Air Liquide Bruleur a charbon pulverise
JP2655555B2 (ja) * 1986-05-06 1997-09-24 清之 堀井 燃焼炉用ノズル装置
WO2006032961A1 (fr) * 2004-08-18 2006-03-30 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procede et dispositif d'injection d'un gaz dans un flux a double phase
DE102008014475A1 (de) * 2008-03-17 2009-11-12 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur dosierten Entnahme eines fein- bis grobkörnigen Feststoffes oder Feststoffgemisches aus einem Vorratsbehälter

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10202490C1 (de) 2002-01-23 2003-12-04 Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Einbringung von Sekundärbrennstoffen in eine Verbrennungsanlage

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113551253A (zh) * 2021-06-19 2021-10-26 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司中南电力试验研究院 基于智慧电厂建设风粉调节系统
CN113551253B (zh) * 2021-06-19 2023-02-28 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司中南电力试验研究院 基于智慧电厂建设风粉调节系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2151628A3 (fr) 2011-04-13
DE102008036095A1 (de) 2010-02-11
DE102008036095B4 (de) 2015-04-02

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