EP2151523B1 - Infrarot-Strahler - Google Patents
Infrarot-Strahler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2151523B1 EP2151523B1 EP09165020A EP09165020A EP2151523B1 EP 2151523 B1 EP2151523 B1 EP 2151523B1 EP 09165020 A EP09165020 A EP 09165020A EP 09165020 A EP09165020 A EP 09165020A EP 2151523 B1 EP2151523 B1 EP 2151523B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rods
- cross
- section
- infrared radiator
- teeth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021343 molybdenum disilicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002470 thermal conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021344 molybdenum silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 iron-chromium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100369915 Drosophila melanogaster stas gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/001—Drying webs by radiant heating
- D21F5/002—Drying webs by radiant heating from infrared-emitting elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
- F23D14/148—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with grids, e.g. strips or rods, as radiation intensifying means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
- F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
- F24C3/04—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate
- F24C3/042—Stoves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00003—Fuel or fuel-air mixtures flow distribution devices upstream of the outlet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heated with a combustible fluid, designed as a surface radiator infrared radiator according to the preamble of claim 1.
- IR emitter Such infrared emitters - hereinafter referred to as "IR emitter” - are known to be used in systems that serve the drying of material webs, such as paper or board webs.
- EP 0 539 278 A1 shows such an IR emitter. He is heated by gas. Instead of gas but also heating with liquid fuels is possible.
- gas and air streams are mixed in a mixing chamber to a combustible mixture and then passed through a gas-permeable plate in a combustion chamber. There ignites the gas mixture and heats a Vorstrahlianu, which is formed of cylindrical ceramic rods having a circular contour in cross-section. Temperatures of 1100 ° C are reached.
- VorstrahlITY is formed of cylindrical ceramic rods having a circular contour in cross-section. Temperatures of 1100 ° C are reached.
- Such IR emitters have proven themselves in principle. However, measurements have shown that the known VorstrahlMech implement only a relatively small part of the energy contained in the combustible mixture in inf
- the invention has for its object to increase the efficiency of IR radiators, i. to better utilize the energy stored in the combustible mixture.
- the rods in which the contour of the rod cross-sections is designed axially symmetrical at least on a partial circumference, the rods thus have grooves or ribs in at least a partial extent of their cross-sections in preferably axial direction.
- the rods can be made of solid or tube material. Silicon carbide (preferred), molybdenum silicide and FeCrAl heating conductor alloys may be mentioned by way of example. If the manufacturing capabilities allow it, a finned tube would be a particularly preferred element because the thermal inertia of the system could be further reduced in this way.
- Fig. 1 shows an infrared radiator 1 for gaseous or liquid fuels.
- an opening 2 through which combustible fluid, such as gas, and air enter a mixing chamber 3.
- the corresponding supply lines outside the infrared radiator are not shown in detail.
- the mixing chamber 3 is delimited by a gas-permeable plate 4, through which the mixture of combustible fluid and air flows into a combustion chamber 5, where it ignites and thereby heats the Vorstrahl stresses 6 formed from rods 7, which emits infrared rays in the sequence.
- Fig. 2 shows an infrared emitter 1 according to the invention in a section II-II Fig. 1 , Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
- Fig. 3 illustrates a first embodiment of a rod according to the invention 7.
- the rod has a cylindrical outer contour in cross section and is provided on the periphery with teeth.
- Fig. 4 shows an alternative to the execution of the rod 7. It differs from the shape shown in Fig. Only by another embodiment of the "flanks" from. The dimension c is in Fig. 4 not shown.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft einen mit einem brennbaren Fluid beheizten, als Flächenstrahler ausgebildeten Infrarot-Strahler gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.
- Derartige Infrarot-Strahler - nachstehend kurz "IR-Strahler" genannt - werden bekanntermaßen in Systemen eingesetzt, die dem Trocken von Materialbahnen, beispielsweise Papier- oder Kartonbahnen, dienen.
EP 0 539 278 A1 zeigt einen solchen IR-Strahler. Er wird mit Gas beheizt. An Stelle von Gas ist aber auch eine Beheizung mit flüssigen Brennstoffen möglich. In dem IR-Strahler werden Gas- und Luftströme in einer Mischkammer zu einem brennfähigen Gemisch vermischt und dann durch eine gasdurchlässige Platte in einen Brennraum geleitet. Dort entzündet sich das Gasgemisch und heizt einen Vorstrahlkörper auf, der aus zylindrischen Keramikstäben gebildet ist, die im Querschnitt eine kreisförmige Kontur aufweisen. Erreicht werden dabei Temperaturen von 1100°C. Solche IR-Strahler haben sich grundsätzlich bewährt. Allerdings haben Messungen gezeigt, dass die bekannten Vorstrahlkörper nur einen vergleichsweise geringen Teil der in dem brennfähigen Gemisch enthaltenen Energie in Infrarot-Strahlung umsetzen. - Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Wirkungsgrad von IR-Strahlern zu erhöhen, d.h. die in dem brennfähigen Gemisch gespeicherte Energie besser auszunutzen.
- Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst .
- Versuche mit IR-Strahlern, deren Vorstrahlkörper aus erfindungsgemäßen Stäben gebildet sind, haben gezeigt, dass der Wirkungsgrad von IR-Strahler dieses Typs deutlich größer ist als derjenige herkömmlicher IR-Strahler. Vermutlich hängt das Ergebnis damit zusammen, dass sowohl die Wärmeaustausch- wie die Abstrahlflächen der neuen Stäbe trotz Beibehaltung der von den bekannten zylindrischen Stäbe her gewohnten Außendurchmessern vergrößert worden ist.
- Vorzugsweise setzt man zu diesem Zweck Stäbe ein, bei denen die Kontur der Stangenquerschnitte zumindest auf einem Teilumfang axialsymmetrisch gestaltet ist, die Stäbe also zumindest auf einem Teilumfang ihrer Querschnitte Nuten bzw. Rippen in vorzugsweise axialer Richtung aufweisen. Dabei sind im einzelnen mannigfache Ausführungsformen denkbar. Dabei sind die Stäbe im Querschnitt wie folgt gestaltet: Hauptdurchmesser der geometrischen Grundform (D) = 3 bis 8 mm, Abmessungen der die Nuten/Rippen bildenden Zähne a = 0,5 bis 10 mm, bevorzugt 1 bis 5 mm; Höhe der Zähne b = 0,1 bis 5 mm, bevorzugt 0,3 bis 2 mm; Abstand zweier benachbarter Zähne c = 0,5 bis 10 mm, bevorzugt 0,1 bis 5 mm. Was für die Geometrie der Stäbe gilt, gilt entsprechend für deren Herstellungsverfahren: Hier kommen je nach dem Werkstoff der Stäbe verschiedene Verfahren in Betracht darunter u.a. Extrudieren und heißisostatisches Pressen. In allen Fällen ist auf eine sorgfältige Rundung der Kanten zu achten, um zu vermeiden, dass die Stäbe auf Grund von Kerbwirkungen Schaden nehmen. Die Stäbe können aus Voll- oder Rohrmaterial bestehen. Als Material seien beispielhaft Siliziumcarbid (bevorzugt), Molybdändsilizid und FeCrAl-Heizleiter-Legierungen genannt. Falls die Fertigungsmöglichkeiten es zulassen, wäre ein Rippenrohr eine besonders bevorzugtes Element, da sich die thermische Trägheit des Systems auf diese Weise noch weiter verringern ließe.
- Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines bevorzugten, vereinfacht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Hierbei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische geschnittene Darstellung eines erfindungsge- mäßen IR-Strahlers,
- Fig. 2
- einen Schnitt A-A aus der
Fig. 1 - Fig. 3
- einen ersten Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemäß gestalteten Sta- bes aus dem Vorstrahlkörper,
- Fig. 4
- einen weiteren Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Stabes aus dem Vorstrahlkörper.
-
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Infrarot-Strahler 1 für gasförmige oder flüssige Brennstoffe. An der Rückseite dieses Strahlers befindet sich eine Öffnung 2, durch die brennbares Fluid, beispielsweise Gas, und Luft in eine Mischkammer 3 gelangen. Die entsprechenden Zufuhrleitungen außerhalb des Infrarot-Strahlers sind nicht näher dargestellt. Die Mischkammer 3 wird durch eine gasdurchlässige Platte 4 begrenzt, durch die das Gemisch aus brennbarem Fluid und Luft in eine Brennkammer 5 strömt, wo es sich entzündet und dadurch den aus Stäben 7 gebildeten Vorstrahlkörper 6 aufheizt, das in der Folge Infrarot-Strahlen aussendet. -
Fig. 2 zeigt einen den erfindungsgemäßen Infrarot-Strahler 1 in einem Schnitt II-II ausFig. 1 . Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. -
Fig. 3 veranschaulicht eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Stabes 7. Der Stab besitzt im Querschnitt eine zylindrische Außenkontur und ist auf dem Umfang mit Zähnen versehen. -
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Alternative zur Ausführung des Stabes 7. Sie weicht von der in Fig. dargestellten Form nur durch eine andere Ausgestaltung der "Flanken" ab. Die Abmessung c ist inFig. 4 nicht eingezeichnet. - Es versteht sich, dass von den dargestellten Ausführungsformen in vielfacher Hinsicht abgewichen werden kann, ohne den Grundgedanken der Erfindung zu verlassen.
-
- 1
- Infrarot-Strahler
- 2
- Brennstoff/Luft-Zufuhr
- 3
- Mischkammer
- 4
- gasdurchlässige Platte
- 5
- Brennraum
- 6
- Vorstrahlkörper
- 7
- Stab
Claims (5)
- Als Flächenstrahler ausgebildeter Infrarot-Strahler (1) für gasförmige oder flüssige Brennstoffe mit einer Mischkammer (3) für Luft und Brennstoff, einer diese Mischkammer abschließenden gasdurchlässigen Platte (4) und einem sich daran anschließenden Brennraum (5), der durch einen Vorstrahlkörper (6) begrenzt ist, der aus Stäben (7) besteht,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Stäbe (7) des Vorstrahlkörpers (6) zumindest über den größten Teil ihrer axialen Länge einen Querschnitt aufweisen, dessen zumindest auf einem Teilumfang von seiner geometrischen Grundform in Form von Zähnen aufweist , wobei die Stäbe folgende Querschnitts- Abmessungen haben: Hauptdurchmesser der geometrischen Grundform (D) = 3 bis 8 mm, Breite der Zähne a = 0,5 bis 10 mm, bevorzugt 1,0 bis 5 mm, Höhe der Zähne b =0,1 bis 5 mm, bevorzugt 0,3 bis 2 mm; Abstand zweier benachbarterZähne c = 0,5 bis 10 mm, bevorzugt 1,0 bis 5 mm. und wobei die kanten gerundet sind. - Infrarot-Strahler gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die geometrische Grundform des Querschnitts elliptisch, insbesondere kreisförmig, oder polygonal ist oder einer Mischform aus beiden entspricht. - Infrarot-Strahler gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Querschnitt der Stäbe (7) axialsymmetrisch ist. - Infrarot-Strahler gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Stäbe aus Voll- oder Rohrmaterial bestehen. - Infrarot-Strahler gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
als Werkstoff für die Stäbe Siliziumcarbid, Molybdändsilizid oder FeCrAl in Heizleiter-Legierung verwandt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008041045A DE102008041045A1 (de) | 2008-08-06 | 2008-08-06 | Infrarot-Strahler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2151523A1 EP2151523A1 (de) | 2010-02-10 |
EP2151523B1 true EP2151523B1 (de) | 2011-09-28 |
Family
ID=41226105
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09165020A Not-in-force EP2151523B1 (de) | 2008-08-06 | 2009-07-09 | Infrarot-Strahler |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2151523B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE526452T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008041045A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009003276A1 (de) | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Infrarot-Strahler |
DE102017109151A1 (de) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-10-31 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Infrarot-Strahler |
CN110524935B (zh) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-12-29 | 江西奥夫科压缩机有限公司 | 一种可自动脱水压缩的废纸回收设备 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB565200A (en) * | 1943-06-29 | 1944-10-31 | John Martin Blair | Improvements in or relating to gas fires and radiants |
FR2683022B1 (fr) | 1991-10-25 | 1997-07-18 | Gaz De France | Bruleur radiant a ecran ceramique. |
-
2008
- 2008-08-06 DE DE102008041045A patent/DE102008041045A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-07-09 AT AT09165020T patent/ATE526452T1/de active
- 2009-07-09 EP EP09165020A patent/EP2151523B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2151523A1 (de) | 2010-02-10 |
ATE526452T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
DE102008041045A1 (de) | 2010-02-11 |
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