EP2142803B1 - Machine à rotor à vis, système de conversion d'énergie et procédé de conversion d'énergie - Google Patents

Machine à rotor à vis, système de conversion d'énergie et procédé de conversion d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2142803B1
EP2142803B1 EP08724313.5A EP08724313A EP2142803B1 EP 2142803 B1 EP2142803 B1 EP 2142803B1 EP 08724313 A EP08724313 A EP 08724313A EP 2142803 B1 EP2142803 B1 EP 2142803B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expander
oil
screw
conduit
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08724313.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2142803A1 (fr
EP2142803A4 (fr
Inventor
Henrik ÖHMAN
Leif Eriksson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Svenska Rotor Maskiner AB
Original Assignee
Svenska Rotor Maskiner AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Svenska Rotor Maskiner AB filed Critical Svenska Rotor Maskiner AB
Publication of EP2142803A1 publication Critical patent/EP2142803A1/fr
Publication of EP2142803A4 publication Critical patent/EP2142803A4/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F01C1/12—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F01C1/14—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F01C1/16—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/04—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/16—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/021—Control systems for the circulation of the lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/025—Lubrication; Lubricant separation using a lubricant pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/50—Bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in a first aspect, to a screw-rotor machine, preferably an expander, which machine comprises two screw rotors and a housing having an inlet opening and an outlet opening, which housing forms a working space in which the screw rotors are rotatably arranged in engagement with each other, at least one of the rotors being provided with at least one axle journal mounted in bearings, which bearing is oil lubricated and arranged in a bearing chamber, which bearing chamber communicates with the working space via a gap seal.
  • the invention in a second aspect, relates to an energy-conversion system comprising an expander, a condenser, a pump and an evaporator arranged in a closed conduit circuit, and a machine driven by the expander.
  • the invention in a third aspect, relates to a method for energy conversion, in which a working medium is brought to pass through a closed conduit circuit comprising an expander, a condenser, a pump and an evaporator arranged in series, the expander driving a machine.
  • ORC process Organic Rankine Cycle
  • Turbines have the disadvantage of becoming very expensive at shaft powers below 1 MW.
  • a screw expander has been used instead of a turbine, the screw expander normally being provided with oil injection, i.e., oil is injected into the working space of the expander in order to cool, seal and lubricate.
  • An oil-injected screw expander has excellent efficiency, but has some disadvantages.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable energy conversion by means of an ORC process at relatively low power levels with improved performance, increased reliability and with elimination of the disadvantages associated with hitherto known technique within the field.
  • US3178104 discloses an oil-injected compressor where non-separated air-oil mixture is drained from the bearing house into the working chamber. The injected oil is expelled with the compressor discharge air and is subsequently removed therefrom by filter means.
  • WO2006/131759 discloses a system for generating power where bearing housings of an expander are supplied with a mixture of liquid phase and oil via a supply line, which mixture is separated from the main flow to the expander by means of a separator.
  • the supplied oil leaves the bearings and flows into the expander and leaves the expander outlet and dissolves back into the liquid phase in a condenser.
  • a screw-rotor machine of the kind mentioned by way of introduction has the special features that the bearing chamber, in addition to communicating with the working space, also communicates with an oil supply conduit and a drainage conduit, which drainage conduit is connected with a pressure that is lower than the lowest pressure in the working space of the machine when it is open to the outlet.
  • an oil separator is arranged in the drainage conduit for separation of oil from medium flowing through the drainage conduit.
  • the drainage conduit from the bearing chamber is connected to the circuit of the system between the expander and the pump. Then, the connection is most suitably made between the expander and the condenser.
  • the object set forth is attained by a method of the kind mentioned by way of introduction comprising the special measures of using, as an expander, a screw-rotor expander having at least two screw rotors, at least one rotor of which is mounted in at least one oil-lubricated bearing, bringing working medium to leak out to said bearing, and leading away mixture of oil and working medium from the bearing by means of a drainage conduit connected with a pressure that is lower than the lowest pressure in the working space of said screw-rotor expander when it is open to its outlet, and separating oil from the mixture by means of an oil separator arranged in the drainage conduit.
  • the working medium is a compound based on carbon, fluorine or nitrogen.
  • the oil separator is connected to the oil supply conduit via an oil pump.
  • the oil separator is connected to an evacuation pump via a conduit for working medium.
  • the oil separator is, via a connection conduit for working medium, connected to a conduit connected with the outlet opening of the screw-rotor expander.
  • An additional advantage is that the working medium flowing through the bearing chamber is brought back to the main flow of the working medium. This is particularly valuable when the expander is included in an ORC process, since then it is important to avoid discharge to the surroundings of working medium. The need of supplying additional working medium is also eliminated.
  • the object set forth has, in the second aspect of the invention, been attained by the fact that an energy-conversion system of the kind mentioned by way of introduction has the special feature that the expander is a screw-rotor expander according to the present invention.
  • the drainage conduit from the bearing chamber is connected to the circuit of the system between the expander and the pump. Then, the connection is most suitably made between the expander and the condenser.
  • the object set forth is attained by a method of the kind mentioned by way of introduction comprising the special measures of using, as an expander, a screw-rotor expander having at least two screw rotors, at least one rotor of which is mounted in at least one oil-lubricated bearing, bringing working medium to leak out to said bearing, and leading away mixture of oil and working medium from the bearing.
  • oil is separated from said mixture.
  • the working medium is a compound based on carbon, fluorine or nitrogen.
  • the working medium having passed the oil separator is supplied to the conduit circuit between the expander and the pump.
  • Fig. 1 an energy-conversion system according to the invention is illustrated.
  • the system applies an ORC process with a suitable working medium, such as, e.g., RI34a, ammonia, some hydrocarbon compound or carbon dioxide.
  • Working medium is supplied at a first pressure via the conduit 5 to the inlet of a screw expander 1, in which the working medium expands to a lower pressure, and exits the expander 1 through the outlet conduit 6.
  • the outlet conduit 6 directs the low-pressure working medium to a condenser 2 so that the working medium exits the same in the liquid phase through the conduit 7.
  • a pump 3 By means of a pump 3, the pressure of the liquid working medium is raised and is fed through conduit 8 to an evaporator 4, where the working medium is evaporated and is fed back to the inlet conduit 5 of the expander 1 at said first pressure.
  • the expander drives a machine 9, which either may be a generator or a machine that directly utilizes the mechanical energy.
  • the working medium flows through a closed circuit and experiences phase changes by dissipation and supply, respectively, of heat.
  • the system may be used for generation of cold, heat refinement, energy conversion of heat into mechanical energy and/or generation of electricity.
  • the system is well adapted to utilize low-grade heat, such as, e.g., from solar energy and incineration.
  • Supplied heat is typically at a temperature lower than 140 °C, and with suitable choice of working medium, sources of heat having a temperature down to 30-40 °C may be utilized.
  • the expander 1 is described in more detail, reference being made to Fig. 2 where the same is formed in a special way in accordance with the invention.
  • the expander 1 comprises two screw rotors 102, only one of which is made visible in the figure.
  • One of the rotors is of the male rotor type and the other of the female rotor type, and are surrounded by a housing 101 that delimits a working space 11 5 having the shape of two cylinders intersecting each other.
  • V-shaped working chambers are formed, which, when the rotors rotate, drift from the inlet 114 of the expander toward the outlet 113 thereof.
  • the screw rotor 102 visible in the figure has an output shaft 103 connected with the driven unit 9 illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the screw rotor is formed with an axle journal 104 mounted in a bearing 106. This is arranged in a bearing chamber 105.
  • the bearing chamber communicates with the working space of the expander 1 via narrow gap 107.
  • An oil circuit having a supply conduit 111, a drainage conduit 108, an oil separator 109, and an oil pump 110 are connected to the bearing chamber 105.
  • the oil separator is, via a conduit 112 for working medium, connected with the outlet conduit 6 of the expander 1.
  • gaseous working medium of relatively high pressure is supplied to the inlet opening 114 of the expander, is expanded in the expander 1, and exits the same through the outlet 113 of the expander at a lower pressure out through the outlet conduit 6.
  • Oil is supplied to the bearing chamber by means of the oil pump 110 through the supply conduit 111.
  • the oil is then drained from the bearing chamber 105 via the drainage conduit 108 and the oil separator 109 so as to be recirculated.
  • the pressure conditions are such that the pressure in the bearing chamber is lower than the part of the working space of the expander that is exposed to the gap 107 between the end portion 116 of the expander and the bearing chamber 105. Thereby, there is no risk that oil from the lubrication circuit leaks out from the bearing chamber 105 via the gap 107 into the working space 115 of the expander. Instead, there is a leakage flow of working medium from the working space 115 of the expander via the gap 107 into the bearing chamber 105, where the working medium is intermixed in the oil.
  • the oil separator needs to be dimensioned only for the separation of the relatively limited amount of working medium that leaks out through the gap 107 and the limited amount of oil that circulates in the lubrication circuit for the bearing. This will be of a completely different size than in an oil-injected expander, where it is a matter of a much greater amount of oil and where all working medium is mixed with the oil.
  • a corresponding bearing chamber may be arranged also at the output shaft 103 of the expander, as well as at the axle journals of the other rotor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Machine à rotors à vis, de préférence un détendeur, ladite machine comprenant deux rotors à vis (102) et un logement (101) comportant une ouverture d'entrée (114) et une ouverture de sortie (113), ledit logement (101) formant un espace de travail (115) dans lequel les rotors à vis (102) sont disposés à rotation, en prise l'un avec l'autre, au moins un des rotors (102) étant pourvu d'au moins un tourillon (104) installé dans des paliers (106), ledit palier étant lubrifié à l'huile et disposé dans une chambre de palier (105), ladite chambre de palier (105) communiquant avec l'espace de travail (115) par le biais d'un élément d'étanchéité d'interstice (107), la chambre de palier (105) communiquant en outre avec un conduit d'alimentation en huile (111) et un conduit de vidange (108), caractérisée en ce que ledit conduit de vidange (108) est raccordé avec une pression qui est inférieure à la pression minimale dans l'espace de travail (115) lorsqu'il est en communication avec l'ouverture de sortie (113), et en ce qu'un séparateur d'huile (109) est disposé dans le conduit de vidange (108) à des fins de séparation d'huile à partir du fluide s'écoulant à travers le conduit de vidange (108).
  2. Machine à rotors à vis (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le séparateur d'huile (109) est raccordé au conduit d'alimentation en huile (111) par le biais d'une pompe à huile (110) .
  3. Machine à rotors à vis (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le séparateur d'huile (109) est raccordé à une pompe d'évacuation par le biais d'un conduit pour fluide de travail.
  4. Machine à rotors à vis (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le séparateur d'huile (109), par le biais d'un conduit de raccordement (112) pour le fluide de travail, est raccordé à un conduit (6) raccordé avec l'orifice de sortie (113) du détendeur à rotors à vis.
  5. Système de conversion d'énergie comprenant un détendeur (1), un condenseur (2), une pompe (3) et un évaporateur (4) disposés en série dans un circuit de conduits fermé (5, 6, 7, 8), et une machine (9) entraînée par le détendeur, caractérisé en ce que le détendeur (1) est un détendeur à rotors à vis (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.
  6. Système selon la revendication 5 lorsqu'elle dépend de la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit conduit de raccordement (112) est raccordé audit circuit (5, 6, 7, 8) entre le détendeur (1) et la pompe (3).
  7. Procédé de conversion d'énergie, dans lequel un fluide de travail est amené à passer à travers un circuit de conduits fermé comprenant un détendeur, un condenseur, une pompe et un évaporateur, le détendeur entraînant une machine, caractérisé en ce que le détendeur est un détendeur à rotors à vis, comportant au moins deux rotors à vis, parmi lesquels au moins un rotor est installé dans au moins un palier lubrifié à l'huile, du fluide de travail étant amené à se disperser vers ledit palier, et en ce que le mélange d'huile et de fluide de travail est envoyé à l'écart du palier au moyen d'un conduit de vidange raccordé avec une pression qui est inférieure à la pression minimale dans l'espace de travail dudit détendeur à rotors à vis lorsqu'il communique avec sa sortie, et en ce que de l'huile est séparée dudit mélange au moyen d'un séparateur d'huile disposé dans le conduit de vidange.
  8. Procédé de conversion d'énergie selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le fluide de travail est une composition à base de carbone, de fluor ou d'azote.
  9. Procédé de conversion d'énergie selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le fluide de travail, après être passé par le séparateur d'huile, est acheminé au circuit de conduits entre le détendeur et la pompe.
EP08724313.5A 2007-04-02 2008-03-31 Machine à rotor à vis, système de conversion d'énergie et procédé de conversion d'énergie Active EP2142803B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0700819A SE531038C2 (sv) 2007-04-02 2007-04-02 Skruvrotormaskin, energiomvandlingssystem och förfarande för energiomvandling
PCT/SE2008/050367 WO2008121070A1 (fr) 2007-04-02 2008-03-31 Machine à rotor à vis, système de conversion d'énergie et procédé de conversion d'énergie

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2142803A1 EP2142803A1 (fr) 2010-01-13
EP2142803A4 EP2142803A4 (fr) 2014-07-09
EP2142803B1 true EP2142803B1 (fr) 2018-07-04

Family

ID=39808545

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08724313.5A Active EP2142803B1 (fr) 2007-04-02 2008-03-31 Machine à rotor à vis, système de conversion d'énergie et procédé de conversion d'énergie

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2142803B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2008233326B2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2453731C2 (fr)
SE (1) SE531038C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008121070A1 (fr)

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ITVI20120227A1 (it) * 2012-09-11 2012-12-11 Virgilio Mietto Dispositivo di disoleazione per un compressore volumetrico e compressore volumetrico.
DE102013200413A1 (de) * 2013-01-14 2014-07-31 Magna Powertrain Ag & Co. Kg Expanderkreislauf
EP2972044A4 (fr) * 2013-03-13 2016-12-14 Echogen Power Systems Llc Système de pompe d'admission pour fournir un fluide de travail à des paliers dans un circuit de fluide de travail supercritique
FR3003897A1 (fr) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-03 Jean Thiessard Machine thermique cryogenique
JP5860435B2 (ja) * 2013-05-31 2016-02-16 株式会社神戸製鋼所 発電装置
DE102014014032A1 (de) * 2014-09-26 2016-03-31 Martin Maul Vorrichtung zur Energieerzeugung, insbesondere ORC-Anlage
DE102016204405A1 (de) 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 Martin Maul Vorrichtung zur Energieerzeugung, insbesondere ORC-Anlage
CN106211591A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 竞陆电子(昆山)有限公司 用于pcb板成品清洗生产线的吸水装置
WO2024132174A1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-27 Bitzer Kühlmaschinenbau Gmbh Machine d'expansion ou de compression de milieux compressibles

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US3178104A (en) * 1962-08-20 1965-04-13 Gardner Denver Co Bearing lubrication system for compressor apparatus
SE422349B (sv) * 1977-11-28 1982-03-01 Stal Refrigeration Ab Oljeavskiljning vid en anleggning for att komprimera en gas
SU1765522A1 (ru) * 1990-05-21 1992-09-30 Научно-исследовательский и конструкторский институт центробежных и роторных компрессоров Винтовой маслозаполненный компрессорный агрегат
US5727926A (en) * 1992-11-25 1998-03-17 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Pitch link for rotary wing aircraft and automatic adjuster thereof
RU2076246C1 (ru) * 1994-02-18 1997-03-27 Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЭКМОТО" Пароводяной детандер
SE503871C2 (sv) * 1994-06-21 1996-09-23 Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab Roterande deplacementskompressor med vätskecirkulationssystem
SE510066C2 (sv) * 1997-08-25 1999-04-12 Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab Oljefri skruvrotormaskin vilkens lager smörjes med en vattenhaltig vätska
JP2002535539A (ja) * 1999-01-11 2002-10-22 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー スクリューコンプレッサー
JP2003161114A (ja) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-06 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd ランキンサイクル
EP1896698A2 (fr) * 2005-06-10 2008-03-12 City University Lubrifiant d'expansion dans de systemes a vapeur
GB0511864D0 (en) * 2005-06-10 2005-07-20 Univ City Expander lubrication in vapour power systems

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2008233326A1 (en) 2008-10-09
SE0700819L (sv) 2008-10-03
RU2453731C2 (ru) 2012-06-20
WO2008121070A1 (fr) 2008-10-09
EP2142803A1 (fr) 2010-01-13
EP2142803A4 (fr) 2014-07-09
SE531038C2 (sv) 2008-11-25
AU2008233326B2 (en) 2012-03-08
RU2009140309A (ru) 2011-05-10

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