Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/54—Fixing of glass panes or like plates
  • E06B3/56—Fixing of glass panes or like plates by means of putty, cement, or adhesives only
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
  • E06B3/06—Single frames
  • E06B3/24—Single frames specially adapted for double glazing
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/30—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
  • E06B3/308—Wing frames covered on the outside by a rigidly-mounted outer frame

Definitions

• the invention relates to an insulating glass element used in the field of doors or windows for the construction of buildings.
• triple glazing is sometimes used in which the thicknesses of the different panes are calculated to minimize the transmission of sound through the glazed element.
• the different layers of glass are secured to one another by gluing via spacing spacers and the assembly is generally assembled to the building by a frame, commonly called frame.
• the frame is sometimes fixed but often it allows an opening of the glazed element. This is particularly the case with glass doors and windows.
• a mobile part called "opening" to which the glazing is fixed, is associated with a stationary part fixed to the building and called “dormant".
• the invention aims to provide glazed elements comprising a plastic frame, which have a high rigidity and sufficient strength during large temperature variations.
• the invention relates to an insulating glazing element comprising a plastic frame and at least two parallel panes separated by a layer of insulating air, the periphery of at least one of the panes being glued to the frame by means of a layer of rigid glue, and at least one other window being secured to the insulating glazing element by gluing by means of a layer of flexible glue on a spacer or integrated in the frame, the rigid glue having a secant hybrid module at less than twice that of the flexible glue.
• the inventors have observed that, surprisingly, the use within the same glazed element of adhesives of different natures and stiffnesses for different windows that it comprises does not cause damaging strains and deformations of the element, even under important mechanical and thermal loads. On the contrary, the resistance of the element to such loads is better than if the glues used for gluing the different panes were identical.
• the rigid glue has a secant hybrid module superior to that of the flexible glue.
• the secant hybrid module is understood to mean the quantity obtained by dividing the shear tensile strength, measured according to the ISO 4587 standard, by the tensile elongation at break, measured according to the ISO 527 standard. It is recommended that the hybrid secant modulus the rigid adhesive is at least 2 times, advantageously 3 times, preferably 4 times, more preferably 5 times that of the flexible adhesive.
• the rigid adhesive has a shear strength, measured according to the ISO 4587 standard, greater than 5.5 MPa, preferably 6.5 MPa, more preferably 7.5 MPa.
• the flexible adhesive has a shear strength of less than 4.5 MPa, preferably less than 3.5 MPa, more preferably less than 2.5 MPa.
• the flexible adhesive has an elongation at break, measured according to ISO 527, of at least 150%, advantageously 200%, preferably 250%, more preferably 300%, particularly preferably 350%. %.
• the elongation at break of the rigid glue always measured according to the ISO 527 standard be at least 50%, advantageously 75%, preferably 100%, particularly preferably 125%.
• the elongation at break of the rigid glue does not exceed 150%.
• the rigid adhesive layers are advantageously used so as to obtain layers of different thicknesses. More specifically, it is advantageous for the rigid adhesive layers to be thinner than the flexible adhesive layers. This further improves the thermomechanical performance of the glazed element.
• the rigid adhesive be implemented in a thickness of less than 3 mm, advantageously less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm. It is also recommended that the flexible adhesive be implemented in a thickness greater than 3 mm, advantageously greater than 4 mm, preferably greater than 5 mm.
• the insulating glazing element according to the invention comprises at least two parallel panes separated by an insulating air layer.
• a window is a thin monolithic layer of glass
• a glazing unit is an assembly of parallel windows
• a glazed element is a set of windows and / or glazings further comprising, at its periphery, a frame.
• Frame means a rigid rectangular structure, commonly called “frame”, integral with the set of panes and / or glazing and provided with means for attachment to a building.
• the frame can be attached directly to the building, as in the case of "curtain walls” or fixed frames. In general however, and particularly when it is opening, the frame is attached to a second structure, called “dormant", which is attached to the building.
• the interlayer is self-contained and the parallel windows constitute an independent multiple glazing.
• independent multiple glazing is meant a common multiple glazing (such as double, triple glazing) which does not require a frame for the windows constituting it to be fixed together.
• Such glazings are in this variant consist of different parallel panes glued together at their periphery by means of flexible glues via a spacer, generally metallic, which maintains the spaced windows to provide between them the insulating air layer.
• the interlayer is autonomous in that it is part of the double glazing and is not part of the frame.
• the independent multiple glazing is then glued as is to the frame by a rigid glue. In this variant, only a window is therefore glued directly to the frame.
• the insert is integrated into the frame and is constituted by an inner extension of the frame intended to keep at least two parallel panes separate and on which these panes are directly bonded, at least one of the panes being adhered to the extension by means of a layer of flexible glue and at least one other of the panes being adhered to the extension by means of a layer of rigid glue.
• the frame is made of plastic material, preferably of thermoplastic material.
• plastic material has a rigidity modulus greater than 1000 MPa, preferably greater than 2000 MPa.
• Many common plastics such as polyamides, polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ABS, etc ... have sufficient rigidity.
• a composite plastic material that is to say a plastic material loaded with particles that are not plastic.
• the particles then preferably have a fiber form.
• the particles may be metal, wood, glass, or any other material.
• Composite plastics have improved properties, such as superior stiffness and lower thermal expansion. When the glazed element according to the invention is subjected to significant changes in temperature, such properties constitute an appreciable advantage.
• the plastic is a composite having a coefficient of thermal expansion less than 50 microns / m ° K.
• the coefficient of expansion is measured according to ISO 11359-2, ASTM E 2113 and ASTM E 1383.
• the plastic is polyvinyl chloride loaded with wood fibers. It is preferred that it comprises at least 20%, preferably 30%, preferably 40% of wood fibers. However, it is preferable that it does not include more than 60%. In this variant, it is often recommended that the frame is covered on at least a portion of its surface, preferably the outer surface, of a layer of polyvinyl chloride without fibers. Indeed, on the one hand, the surface state of polyvinyl chloride loaded with wood fibers is sometimes considered unsightly. Covering with a layer of fiber-free polyvinyl chloride provides a perfect surface condition. The layer can be applied for example by applying a film, projection or coextrusion.
• the frame When the frame is made by joining profiles, it is recommended to use coextrusion. It is indeed possible to extrude the profiles directly covered with the layer devoid of fibers, in a single step.
• the polyvinyl chloride loaded with wood fibers may have insufficient water vapor impermeability, for example for high load levels. This situation is particularly problematic in the alternative embodiment of the invention in which the frame has an inner extension for maintaining separate at least two parallel panes and on which these panes are directly glued. Indeed, to avoid the condensation of water vapor between the different windows of the glazing, it is imperative to obtain excellent impermeability to water vapor of the frame, to prevent water vapor from entering between the windows. windows.
• Covering at least a portion of the frame surface with a fiber-free plastic layer also improves this problem.
• the covering by a fiber-free plastic layer makes it possible to delay or even eliminate the return to water of the fibers.
• vapor barrier film is meant a film whose permeability to water vapor is lower than that of the plastic material used to make the frame. It is preferred that the vapor permeability of the vapor barrier be less than 750 g. ⁇ m / m 2 .day, in particular less than 250 g. ⁇ m / m 2 .day (values measured at 38 ° C and 90% RH). Values below 100g. ⁇ m / m 2 .day, or even at 50g. ⁇ m / m 2 .day are particularly preferred. The use of PVDF or PVDC for this purpose is recommended.
• the frame has an inner extension and to reduce the risk of condensation of water vapor between the windows of the glazing, it is also recommended that the inner extension has a housing containing a hygroscopic material. Silica gel or silica gel is particularly effective.
• the glazed element according to the invention is especially useful in the field of building. It can be used as it is, that is to say directly attached to the building. Thanks to its excellent rigidity, it is however particularly adapted to the realization of opening. Indeed, the opening, being attached to the building on one side of their perimeter (the side provided with opening means such as hinges), must have a high rigidity, difficult to obtain when their frame is in material plastic.
• the invention also relates to an opening comprising a glazed element according to the invention.
• the glazed element according to the invention also has exceptional resistance to thermomechanical loads. It is therefore very well suited to outdoor uses, subject to solar radiation and large temperature variations.
• the window intended to be located inside is glued by means of a rigid adhesive and the window intended to be located outside is made integral with the glazed element by means of a soft glue.
• the invention thus finally relates to the use of a glazed element or an opening according to the invention in the external facade of a building, according to the invention. which the window intended to be located inside is glued by means of a rigid glue and the window intended to be located outside is made integral with the glazed element by means of a flexible glue.
• FIG. 1 shows a section of a glazed element according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• the glazed element comprises a frame 3 made of a mixture 50/50 by weight of PVC and wood fibers in which a recess 10 has been formed.
• the frame 3 is covered with a layer 3a of PVC devoid of fibers.
• the frame has an inner extension 13 provided with ribs 12, intended to separate two separate windows 1 and.
• These panes are glued on either side of the inner extension via a layer 5 of flexible glue and a layer 5a of rigid glue.
• Two butyl seals 4 and 4a were placed above the glue thicknesses.
• Neoprene gaskets 7 and 7a have also been provided. These seals improve the placement of the panes during hardening of the glues.
• Hold and centering shims 8 and 8a also facilitate assembly.
• a housing 6 has been formed in the extension 13, in order to contain silica gel.
• the inner wall of this housing is covered with a PVDF vapor barrier film.
• the film is extended to seals 4 and 4a.
• the housing is surmounted by a cap 9 provided with an orifice allowing the flow of gas contained between the two panes and thus allowing the action of silica gel.
• the glazed element is finally provided with a system 8 for evacuation of any seepage water.
• Figure 2 shows a section of a glazed element according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• a double glazing unit 1 comprising two parallel panes made integral by gluing by means of two layers of flexible glue 5 on the free-standing spacer 13, held by a holding wedge 8. It is directly glued to the frame by means of a layer of rigid glue 5a.
• the rib 12 is formed on the frame 3.
• the other elements are similar to those of FIG.
• the frame was made from PVC having a K value of 58, comprising 50% by weight of wood fibers.
• Two 4 mm thick windows were stuck on both sides of the interior extension of to keep them spaced 20 mm apart.
• Sikaflex 552 glue and Sikafast 5211 glue both made by Sika, were used as the glue.
• the glazed element was irradiated with 120 25w lamps distributed on a flat surface disposed parallel to the glass element and at a distance of about 2 meters from it, for about 6 hours.
• the temperature of the glass and the PVC frame reached about 100 ° C., while the temperature of the air was 37 ° C.
• no deformation of the glazed element nor any breakage of the glues could be observed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=38779951

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 2007
  • 2007-04-05 FR FR0754290A patent/FR2914682B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-03-28 EP EP08735571A patent/EP2142742A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-03-28 WO PCT/EP2008/053742 patent/WO2008125457A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-03-28 RU RU2009140767/03A patent/RU2424412C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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