EP2136773A2 - Composition contenant des agents tensio-actifs d'oxyde d'amine ou des agents de pénétration des impuretés - Google Patents

Composition contenant des agents tensio-actifs d'oxyde d'amine ou des agents de pénétration des impuretés

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Publication number
EP2136773A2
EP2136773A2 EP08719797A EP08719797A EP2136773A2 EP 2136773 A2 EP2136773 A2 EP 2136773A2 EP 08719797 A EP08719797 A EP 08719797A EP 08719797 A EP08719797 A EP 08719797A EP 2136773 A2 EP2136773 A2 EP 2136773A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
sulfate
sodium
lauryl sulfate
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08719797A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Howard David Hutton, Iii
Kathryn Melissa Yu
William Jeffrey Gore
Charles Raymond Degenhardt
Amanda Valco Swinney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Publication of EP2136773A2 publication Critical patent/EP2136773A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
    • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
    • A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
    • A61K2800/5426—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge cationic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hair cleansing shampoo compositions containing a soil penetration agent and amine oxide surfactants.
  • Freshly washed hair looks and feels light, bouncy, and clean.
  • the appearance and feel of freshly washed hair is not long-lasting, as soil re- accumulates on the hair after shampooing and throughout the activities of the day.
  • those who engage in strenuous activity, i.e., exercise, or those who use certain styling or conditioning products on the hair the freshly washed look and feel of hair is especially difficult to maintain.
  • Organic molecules such as glycol ethers (i.e., ethylene glycol monobutylether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, or Methylene glycol monobutylether), terpenes (i.e., citronellol terpenes), and many others have been used in hard 10763/SK
  • surfactant systems including systems that contain anionic surfactants and amine oxides, have been used in hard surface cleaners.
  • surfactant systems of the shampoo art do not teach optimized ratios of anionic and amine oxide surfactants or the combination of these surfactants with soil penetration agents to provide improved cleaning.
  • a hair cleansing shampoo which can provide longer-lasting clean or cleaner-longer benefits to the hair, while not overly stripping the hair and leaving it unconditioned.
  • a hair cleansing shampoo that rinses quickly from the hair, leaving the hair feeling conditioned but light and clean.
  • a hair cleansing shampoo that provides improved cleaning consistently, throughout a population.
  • the present invention is directed to a shampoo composition
  • a shampoo composition comprising: a) from about 5 to about 50 wt.% of a detersive surfactant composition comprising at least one anionic surfactant; b) from about 0.1 to about 20 wt.% amine oxide; and c) from about 0.01 to about 5 wt.% cationic polymer, wherein the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide is about 2:1 to about 40:1.
  • the present invention is also directed to a shampoo composition
  • a shampoo composition comprising: a) from about 5 to about 50 wt.% of a detersive surfactant composition; b) from about 0.1 to about 20 wt.% amine oxide; c) from about 0.01 to about 5 wt.% cationic polymer; and d) from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% soil penetration agent.
  • weight percent may be denoted as "wt. %" herein.
  • charge density refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges on a polymer to the molecular weight of said polymer.
  • polymer as used herein shall include materials whether made by polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or more types of monomers.
  • shampoo as used herein means a composition for cleansing and conditioning hair or skin, including scalp, face, and body.
  • compositions or components thereof so described are suitable for use in contact with human hair and the scalp and skin without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic response, and the like.
  • the shampoo compositions of the present invention comprise one or more detersive surfactants, including an amine oxide, and a cationic polymer, sometimes in combination with a soil penetration agent.
  • detersive surfactants including an amine oxide, and a cationic polymer, sometimes in combination with a soil penetration agent.
  • the shampoo compositions of the present invention comprise one or more detersive surfactants.
  • the detersive surfactant component is included in shampoo compositions of the present invention to provide cleansing performance.
  • the detersive surfactant composition may be an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant (which includes amphoteric surfactants), a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, or a combination thereof.
  • Such surfactants should be 10763/SK
  • the concentration of the detersive surfactant component in the composition should be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and lather performance and generally ranges from about 5% to about 50%, typically from about 8% to about 30%, commonly from about 10% to about 25%, typically from about 12% to about 22%, by weight of the composition.
  • Suitable anionic detersive surfactants for use in the composition herein include those which are known for use in hair care or other personal care cleansing compositions.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants for use in the compositions are the alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates.
  • R is alkyl or alkenyl of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms
  • x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 10
  • M is a cation, such as ammonium, an alkanolamine, i.e., triethanolamine, a monovalent metal, i.e., sodium or potassium, or a polyvalent metal cation, i.e., magnesium or calcium.
  • R has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms.
  • R has from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms. In still further embodiments, R has from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms, with regard to both alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates.
  • the alkyl ether sulfates are typically made as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols that have from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms.
  • the alcohols can be synthetic or they can be derived from fats, e.g., coconut oil, palm kernel oil, or tallow. Suitable alcohols include lauryl alcohol and straight chain alcohols derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil. Such alcohols are generally reacted with from about 0 to about 10, typically from about 2 to about 5, commonly about 3 molar proportions of ethylene oxide. The resulting mixture of molecular species having, for example, an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, is sulfated and neutralized.
  • Suitable anionic detersive surfactants also include the water-soluble salts of organic, sulfuric acid reaction products conforming to the formula R 1 SOsM, wherein R 1 is a straight or branched chain, saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24, typically from about 10 to about 18, carbon atoms, and M is a cation, as described hereinbefore.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants further include the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids 10763/SK
  • fatty acids 5 are derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil; sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil.
  • Other similar anionic surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,486,921; 2,486,922; and 2,396,278.
  • Suitable anionic detersive surfactants also include the succinnates, examples of which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinnate; disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetrasodium N-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; and dioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
  • succinnates examples of which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinnate; disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetrasodium N-(l,2-dicarboxye
  • Suitable anionic detersive surfactants further include olefin sulfonates having about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.
  • the olefin sulfonates can contain minor amounts of other materials, such as alkene disulfonates, depending upon the reaction conditions, proportion of reactants, the nature of the starting olefins and impurities in the olefin stock and side reactions during the sulfonation process.
  • alpha olefin sulfonate mixture is described in U.S. Patent 3,332,880, which description is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a class of anionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the compositions is the beta- alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These surfactants conform to the formula:
  • R 1 is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is a lower alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, typically 1 carbon atom
  • M is a water-soluble cation as described hereinbefore.
  • Suitable anionic detersive surfactants for use in the compositions include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauric monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, am
  • the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, and ammonium laureth sulfate.
  • compositions of the present invention may also comprise additional surfactants for use in combination with the anionic surfactants described hereinbefore.
  • Suitable such surfactants include, zwitterionic (which include amphoteric), nonionic, and cationic surfactants.
  • Suitable zwitterionic surfactants for use in the composition herein include those which are known for use in hair care or other personal cleansing compositions.
  • suitable zwitterionic surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,104,646 (Bolich Jr. et al.) and 5,106,609 (Bolich Jr. et al.).
  • Zwitterionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the composition include those surfactants broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, in which the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group (i.e., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate).
  • Examples of such zwitterionic surfactants include cocoamphoacetate, cocoamphodiacetate, lauroamphoacetate, lauroamphodiacetate, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants include nonionic surfactants having an HLB of 7 or more and comprising one or more polyethyleneoxide chains, wherein each polyethyleneoxide chain contains, on average, at least about 5 ethylene oxide units.
  • Nonionic surfactants comprising one or more polyethyleneoxide chain wherein each polyethyleneoxide chain contains, on average, at least about 5 ethylene oxide units include polyoxy ethylene alkyl ethers, polyethyleneglycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene fatty amides and their monoethanolamine and diethanolamine derivatives, and polyethoxylated fatty amines, with a number of ethylene oxide groups of at least about 50, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants comprising one or more polyethyleneoxide chains include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers having at least about 5, typically from about 10 to 20, ethylene oxide units.
  • Non-limiting examples of such nonionic surfactants are steareth-10 and steareth-15.
  • Also suitable for use as nonionic surfactants are nonionic surfactants having an HLB of 7 or more, which are free of polyethyleneoxide chains.
  • polyethyleneoxide chains include polyglycerolated fatty acids, polyglycerolated fatty amides, polyglycerolated alkyl phenols, polyglycerolated alpha-diols, polyglycerolated alcohols, alkyl polyglucosides, and sugar esters.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants free of polyethyleneoxide chains are selected from alkyl polyglucosides, sugar esters, polyglyceryl fatty acid esters, alkyl poly glyceryl ethers, and mixtures thereof.
  • suitable nonionic surfactants include alkyl polysaccharide (APS) surfactants, such as the alkyl polyglycosides.
  • APS alkyl polysaccharide
  • Such surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,565,647 to Llenado, issued Jan. 21, 1986, which discloses APS surfactants having a hydrophobic group with about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms and polysaccharide (e.g., polyglycoside) as the hydrophilic group.
  • polysaccharide e.g., polyglycoside
  • the alkyl group i.e., the hydrophobic moiety
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • glyceryl fatty esters such as those of the formula R(O)OCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 ) n OH, wherein n is an integer from about 5 to about 200, typically from about 20 to about 100, and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl having from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms.
  • Cationic surfactants suitable for use in the present invention include quaternary ammonium salts, amido-amines having at least one fatty chain containing at least about 8 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable quaternary ammonium salts have the following general formula: N + (RiR 2 RsRs)X " , wherein Ri is selected from linear and branched radicals comprising from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; R 2 is selected from linear and branched radicals comprising from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms or the same group as radicals R 3 and R 4 ; R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from linear and branched aliphatic radicals comprising from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and aromatic radicals such as aryl and alkylaryl, wherein the aliphatic radicals may comprise at least one hetero atom such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and halogen, and the aliphatic radicals are chosen, for example, from alkyl, alkoxy,
  • Non- limiting examples of such suitable cationic surfactants include cetrimonium chloride, stearimonium chloride, behentrimonium chloride, behenamidopropyltrimonium methosulfate, stearamidopropyltrimonium chloride, arachidtrimonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable amido-amine cationic surfactants have the following general formula: R'i- CONH(CH 2 ) n NR' 2 R'3, wherein R'i is selected from linear and branched radicals comprising about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms; R' 2 and R' 3 are independently selected from hydrogen, linear and branched aliphatic radicals comprising from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and aromatic radicals such as aryl and alkylaryl, wherein the aliphatic radicals may comprise at least one hetero atom such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and halogens, and the aliphatic radicals are chosen, for example, from alkyl, alkoxy and alkylamide radicals; and n is an integer from about 1 to about 4.
  • Non- limiting examples of such suitable amido-amines include stearamidopropyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldiethyl-amine, behenamidoethyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyldimethylamine, arachidamido- propyldiethylamine, arachidamidoethyldiethylamine, arachidamidoethyldimethylamine, and mixtures thereof.
  • any such surfactant known in the art for use in hair or personal care products may be used, provided that the surfactant is also chemically and physically compatible with the components of the composition, or does not otherwise unduly impair product performance, aesthetics or stability.
  • the concentration of the surfactants in the composition may vary with the cleansing or lather performance desired, the surfactant selected, the desired product concentration, the presence of other components in the composition, and other factors well known in the art.
  • Non-limiting examples of anionic, zwitterionic, nonionic, cationic, and additional surfactants suitable for use in the compositions are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents, 1989 Annual, published by M. C. Publishing Co., and U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,929,678; 2,658,072; 2,438,091; and 2,528,378. 10763/SK
  • compositions of the present invention may also comprise an amine oxide surfactant.
  • Amine oxide surfactants are generally categorized as zwitterionic surfactants. Suitable amine oxide surfactants have the formula:
  • R 3 is a straight or branched alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkyl phenyl group, or mixtures thereof, containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms;
  • R 4 is an alkylene, alkylether, or hydroxyalkylene group, wherein the alkyl moiety contains from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof;
  • x is from about 0 to about 3;
  • each R 5 is independently an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms or a polyethylene oxide group containing from about 1 to about 3 ethylene oxide groups.
  • the R groups can be attached to each other, e.g., through an oxygen or nitrogen atom, to form a ring structure.
  • Non- limiting examples of suitable amine oxide compounds include dimethyl- dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, dimethyltetradecylamine oxide, di(2- hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide, behenamine oxide, cocamine oxide, decyltetradecylamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl C12-15 alkoxypropylamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl cocamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxide, dihydroxyethyl stearamine oxide, dihydroxyethyl tallowamine oxide, hydrogenated palm kernel amine oxide, hydrogenated tallowamine oxide, hydroxyethyl hydroxypropyl C12-15 alkoxypropylamine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, myristyl/cetyl amine oxide, oleamidopropylamine oxide, oleamine oxide, palmit
  • the amine oxide is present in the composition in an effective amount, generally from about 0.1% to about 20%, typically from about 0.1% to about 15%, commonly from about 0.5% to about 10%, by weight.
  • the shampoo composition contains a combination of an anionic surfactant and an amine oxide surfactant. In further embodiments, the shampoo composition contains a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and dimethyl lauramine oxide. In some embodiments, where the shampoo composition contains a combination of anionic surfactant and 10763/SK
  • the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide surfactant is from about 2:1 to about 40:1. In certain embodiments, where the shampoo composition contains a combination of anionic surfactant and amine oxide surfactant, the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide is from about 2:1 to about 30:1. In further embodiments, where the shampoo composition contains a combination of anionic surfactant and amine oxide surfactant, the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide is from about 2: 1 to about 15: 1. In still further embodiments, where the shampoo composition contains a combination of anionic surfactant and amine oxide surfactant, the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide is about 2:1 to about 10:1.
  • the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide is about 2:1 to about 5:1. In yet further embodiments, where the shampoo composition contains a combination of anionic surfactant and amine oxide surfactant, the molar ratio of anionic surfactant to amine oxide is about 3:1.
  • the shampoo composition contains a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and dimethyl lauramine oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium lauryl sulfate to dimethyl lauramine oxide is from about 2: 1 to about 40:1, generally from about 2: 1 to about 30:1, typically from about 2: 1 to about 15:1, commonly from about 2:1 to about 10:1, generally from about 2:1 to about 5:1, typically about 3:1.
  • Amine oxide surfactants generally show good compatibility with other surfactants, i.e., forming mixed micelles. Without being bound to any theory, it is believed that the compatibility between an anionic surfactant and an amine oxide is optimized at certain ratios of the two surfactants. Specifically, at certain ratios, the interaction between the anionic surfactant and the amine oxide, at interfaces and in surfactant aggregates, is particularly favorable, resulting in tighter packing (i.e., reduced distance between charged groups) and increased surface activity. This increase in surface activity can be measured using well known measurements, such as critical micelle concentration and interfacial tension. These measurements correlate with emulsification efficiency and cleaning performance.
  • the selection of suitable surfactants and the adjustment of the molar ratio of the surfactants is an example of optimizing the types and levels of surfactants in a composition in order to guide the performance characteristics of the composition, i.e., cleansing performance and conditioning performance.
  • Another example of optimizing the types and levels of surfactants in a composition relates to the degree of ethoxylation of a surfactant.
  • anionic 10763/SK anionic 10763/SK
  • surfactants for example, it may be desirable to optimize the degree of ethoxylation of the surfactant.
  • a cleansing composition with a high degree of ethoxylation typically forms more coacervates, in the presence of cationic polymers, and deposits more conditioning agent on the hair.
  • a cleansing composition with a low degree of ethoxylation typically demonstrates improved cleansing and deposits less conditioning agent on the hair.
  • the anionic surfactant system for use in the compositions of the invention has a degree of ethoxylation from about 0 to about 6. The combination of such an anionic surfactant system with an amine oxide provides enhanced cleansing performance.
  • compositions of the present invention may contain a cationic polymer.
  • concentration of cationic polymer in the composition generally ranges from about 0.01% to about 5%, typically from about 0.05% to about 2%, commonly from about 0.1% to about 1%, by weight of the composition.
  • a suitable cationic polymer will have a cationic charge density of at least about 0.3 meq/gm, typically at least about 0.5 meq/gm, commonly at least about 0.7 meq/gm, but also generally less than about 7 meq/gm, typically less than about 5 meq/gm, at the pH of intended use of the composition.
  • the pH of intended use of the composition generally ranges from about pH 3 to about pH 9, typically from about pH 4 to about pH 8.
  • a suitable cationic polymer will generally have an average molecular weight ranging from about 1,000 to about 10,000,000, typically from about 10,000 to about 5,000,000, commonly about 20,000 to about 2,000,000.
  • Suitable cationic polymers for use in the compositions of the present invention contain cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic protonated amino moieties.
  • the cationic protonated amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines (typically secondary or tertiary), depending upon the particular species and the selected pH of the composition.
  • Any anionic counterions can be used in association with the cationic polymers so long as the polymers remain soluble in water, in the composition, or in a coacervate phase of the composition, and so long as the counterions are physically and chemically compatible with the components of the composition or do not otherwise unduly impair product performance, stability or aesthetics.
  • Non-limiting examples of such counterions include halides (e.g., chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide), sulfate and methylsulfate. 10763/SK
  • Non-limiting examples of such polymers are described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982)).
  • suitable cationic polymers include copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic protonated amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone or vinyl pyrrolidone.
  • Suitable cationic protonated amino and quaternary ammonium monomers for inclusion in the cationic polymers of the composition herein, include vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts.
  • Suitable cationic polymers for use in the compositions include copolymers of 1- vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and l-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16); copolymers of l-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium-11); cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers, including, for example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer, copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively); amphoteric copolymers of acrylic acid including copolymers of acrylic acid and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyqua
  • R 1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl
  • each of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently hydrogen or a short chain alkyl having from about 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, typically from about 1 to about 5 carbon atoms, commonly from about 1 to about 2 carbon atoms
  • n is an integer having a value of from about 1 to about 8, typically from about 1 to about 4
  • X is a counterion.
  • the nitrogen attached to R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 may be a protonated amine (primary, secondary, or tertiary), but is typically a quaternary ammonium wherein each of R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are alkyl groups, a non- limiting example of which is polymethyacrylamidopropyl trimonium chloride, available under the trade name Polycare 133, from Rhone-Poulenc, Cranberry, NJ., U.S.A.
  • Suitable cationic polymers for use in the composition include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives.
  • Suitable cationic polysaccharide polymers include those which conform to the formula:
  • A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residual;
  • R is an alkylene oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof;
  • R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 ) typically being about 20 or less;
  • X is an anionic counterion as described hereinbefore.
  • Suitable cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10 and available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ., USA) in their Polymer LR, JR, and KG series of polymers.
  • CTFA trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide
  • Other suitable types of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary 10763/SK
  • Suitable cationic polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, specific examples of which include the Jaguar series commercially avaialable from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated and the N-Hance series commercially available from Aqualon Division of Hercules, Inc.
  • Other suitable cationic polymers include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers, some examples of which are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,418.
  • Other suitable cationic polymers include copolymers of etherified cellulose, guar and starch, some examples of which are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,958,581.
  • the cationic polymers herein are either soluble in the composition or are soluble in a complex coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and the detersive surfactant components described hereinbefore.
  • Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can also be formed with other charged materials in the composition.
  • the composition comprises a soil penetration agent.
  • a soil penetration agent is a component that is effective in penetrating and swelling simple and complex mixtures of soils (i.e., silicone, fatty alcohols, quaternary compounds, polymers, particulates, etc.).
  • a soil penetration agent should be selected so as to be safe for use on hair and skin as well as chemically and physically compatible with the components of the composition or not otherwise unduly impairing product performance, aesthetics, or stability.
  • the soil penetration agents of the invention include hydrophobic organic solvents and organic solvents characterized by low water-solubility and low volatility (i.e., high flashpoint).
  • the water solubility of a soil penetration agent is less than about 3%, generally less than about 1%, commonly less than about 0.5%, by weight of the soil penetration agent (in grams) per 100 mL of water at a temperature of about 25 0 C.
  • the flash point of a soil penetration agent is typically at least about 65 0 C, commonly at least about 70 0 C, typically at least about 80 0 C.
  • the boiling point of the soil penetration agent is generally above about 150 0 C, while the solidification point is typically above about 20 0 C. Additionally, partitioning parameters, such as CLogP, and solubility parameters, such as Hansen parameters, may guide the selection of a soil 10763/SK
  • the soil penetration agents of the invention are typically characterized by a CLogP value greater than about 1.
  • Suitable soil penetration agents include organic hydrocarbons, ethers, and alcohols, which possess the above solubility and flashpoint parameters.
  • Non-limiting examples include benzyl alcohol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 2-ethyl-l-hexanol, furfuryl alcohol, and 1,2-hexanediol; esters, such as ethyl lactate, methyl ester, ethyl acetoacetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate; glycol ethers, such as ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and propylene glycol butyl ether; glycols, such as propy
  • the soil penetration agent is a glycol ether.
  • the soil penetration agent is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol phenyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, and combinations thereof.
  • the concentration of the soil penetration agent in the composition may vary with the cleansing or lather performance desired, the surfactant selected, the desired product concentration, the presence of other components in the composition, and other factors well known in the art.
  • the composition generally comprises from about 0.1% to about 10%, typically about 0.5% to about 8%, commonly about 1% to about 5% soil penetration agent, by weight of the composition.
  • a sparingly soluble soil penetration agent will migrate in use, i.e., in the shower, to the soil interface (i.e., on the hair). Once in contact with the soil, especially soils that are solids at typical in-use (i.e., shower) temperatures, the soil penetration agent will penetrate and soften the soil, thereby allowing surfactants to emulsify and remove the soil.
  • the soil penetration agent will penetrate and soften the soil, thereby allowing surfactants to emulsify and remove the soil.
  • the selection of the surfactant and the soil penetration agent may affect this synergistic interaction.
  • Using some soil penetration agents and some surfactants, at optimum surfactant ratios it is likely that a microemulsion will form in use. The interaction between the surfactant and the soil penetration agent, as guided by the type and 10763/SK
  • 16 level of surfactants and soil penetration agents present may influence emulsification and soil removal, thereby resulting in the removal of more soil from the hair surface.
  • a newly-cleaned hair surface (with or without further deposited actives, i.e., silicone or polymers), treated with the compositions of the invention, repels soil/sebum or impedes the further spread of soil/sebum. This repulsion is believed to be due to a change in the surface energy of the hair, brought about by the increased removal of soil/sebum from the hair by the composition of the invention. As a result, hair treated with the composition stays cleaner longer.
  • the newly-cleaned hair surface is also more uniform, in terms of surface energy, and it is freer of deposits, thereby providing a more homogeneous surface for subsequent treatment with hair care actives such as conditioners, styling aids, and colorants. This allows the hair care actives to provide more consistent results, especially throughout a population of users (i.e., users who initially have varying amounts of soil on their hair will have similar, low levels of soil on their hair, after using the compositions of the invention).
  • the soil penetration agent and the surfactant system of the invention may also contribute to quick-lathering and quick-rinsing. Specifically, it is believed that the surfactant system contributes to quick-lathering.
  • the selection of particular surfactant types and ratios contributes to the formation of an increased number of small surfactant aggregates. Because these surfactant aggregates are small, they migrate rapidly to the air/water interface, where they rapidly generate lather. Depending on the types and ratios of the surfactants, the surfactant sytem may produce lather about 20% to about 30% faster than conventional shampoo compositions, i.e., composition of Example 7.
  • the soil penetration agent contributes to quick-rinsing.
  • the soil penetration agent is solubilized in the surfactant matrix, both before use (in the bottle) and during use.
  • the organic molecule Upon rinsing of the composition, though, the organic molecule is released from the surfactant matrix into the rinse solution, where it acts as a lather suppressor.
  • the soil penetration agent may reduce as much as about 99% of the lather.
  • the soil penetration agent reduces as much as about 90% of the lather, typically as much as about 80%, commonly as much as about 70%. If lesser reductions in lather are desired, i.e., about 50% or less, the type and concentration of the soil penetration agent may be modified accordingly. 10763/SK
  • compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more additional components known for use in hair care or personal care products, provided that the additional components are physically and chemically compatible with the components of the composition described herein, or do not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics or performance. Individual concentrations of such additional components may range from about 0.001% to about 10%.
  • Non- limiting examples of additional components for use in the composition include nonionic polymers, conditioning agents (hydrocarbon oils, fatty esters, silicones), anti dandruff agents, suspending agents, viscosity modifiers, dyes, nonvolatile solvents or diluents (water soluble and insoluble), pearlescent aids, foam boosters, additional surfactants or nonionic cosurfactants, pediculocides, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, preservatives, chelants, proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV absorbers, and vitamins.
  • conditioning agents hydrocarbon oils, fatty esters, silicones
  • anti dandruff agents suspending agents
  • viscosity modifiers dyes
  • nonvolatile solvents or diluents water soluble and insoluble
  • pearlescent aids foam boosters
  • additional surfactants or nonionic cosurfactants pediculocides
  • pH adjusting agents perfumes, preservatives, chelants, proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV
  • Polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of more than about 1000 are useful herein. Useful are those having the following general formula:
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and mixtures thereof.
  • Polyethylene glycol polymers useful herein are PEG-2M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-IO, which is available from Union Carbide and as PEG-2,000); PEG-5M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-35 and Polyox WSR® N-80, available from Union Carbide and as PEG-5,000 and Polyethylene Glycol 300,000); PEG-7M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-750 available from Union Carbide); PEG-9M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-3333 available from Union Carbide); and PEG- 14 M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-3000 available from Union Carbide).
  • PEG-2M also known as Polyox WSR® N-IO, which is available from Union Carbide and as PEG-2,000
  • PEG-5M also known as Polyox WSR® N-35 and Polyox WSR® N-80, available from Union
  • Conditioning agents include any material which is used to give a particular conditioning benefit to hair and/or skin.
  • the conditioning agents useful in the compositions of the present invention typically comprise a water insoluble, water dispersible, non-volatile, liquid that forms emulsified, liquid particles.
  • Suitable conditioning agents for use in the composition are those conditioning agents characterized generally as silicones (e.g., silicone oils, cationic silicones, 10763/SK
  • silicone gums high refractive silicones, and silicone resins
  • organic conditioning oils e.g., hydrocarbon oils, glycerine, glycerine derivatives, polyolefins, and fatty esters
  • conditioning agents which otherwise form liquid, dispersed particles in the aqueous surfactant matrix herein.
  • Such conditioning agents should be physically and chemically compatible with the components of the composition, and should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics or performance.
  • the concentration of the conditioning agent in the composition should be sufficient to provide the desired conditioning benefits, and as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Such concentration can vary with the conditioning agent, the conditioning performance desired, the average size of the conditioning agent particles, the type and concentration of other components, and other like factors. a. Silicones
  • the conditioning agent of the compositions of the present invention is typically an insoluble, non- volatile silicone conditioning agent.
  • the silicone conditioning agent particles may comprise volatile silicone, non- volatile silicone, or combinations thereof.
  • the silicone conditioning agent particles may comprise a silicone fluid conditioning agent and may also comprise other ingredients, such as a silicone resin, to improve silicone fluid deposition efficiency or enhance glossiness of the hair.
  • the concentration of the silicone conditioning agent generally ranges from about 0.01% to about 10%, commonly from about 0.1% to about 8%, typically from about 0.1% to about 5%, commonly from about 0.2% to about 3%.
  • suitable silicone conditioning agents, and optional suspending agents for the silicone are described in U.S. Reissue Pat. No. 34,584, U.S. Pat. No. 5,104,646, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,609.
  • the silicone conditioning agents for use in the compositions of the present invention generally have a viscosity, as measured at 25°C, from about 20 to about 2,000,000 centistokes (“csk”), typically from about 1,000 to about 1,800,000 csk, commonly from about 50,000 to about 1,500,000 csk, typically from about 100,000 to about 1,500,000 csk.
  • csk centistokes
  • the dispersed silicone conditioning agent particles typically have a number average particle diameter ranging from about O.Ol ⁇ m to about 50 ⁇ m.
  • the number average particle diameters typically range from about O.Ol ⁇ m to about 4 ⁇ m, commonly from about O.Ol ⁇ m to about 2 ⁇ m, generally from about O.Ol ⁇ m to about 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • the number average particle diameters typically range from 10763/SK
  • Silicone fluids include silicone oils, which are flowable silicone materials having a viscosity, as measured at 25 0 C, less than 1,000,000 csk, typically from about 5 csk to about 1,000,000 csk, commonly from about 100 csk to about 600,000 csk.
  • Suitable silicone oils for use in the compositions of the present invention include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
  • Other insoluble, non-volatile silicone fluids having hair conditioning properties may also be used.
  • Cationic silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, those which conform to the general formula (V): 3 -a(Rl)a wherein G is hydrogen, phenyl, hydroxy, or a Ci-Cs alkyl, typically a methyl; a is 0 or an integer having a value from 1 to 3, typically 0; b is 0 or 1, typically 1; n is a number from 0 to 1,999, typically from 49 to 499; m is an integer from 1 to 2,000, typically from 1 to 10; the sum of n and m is a number from 1 to 2,000, typically from 50 to 500; Ri is a monovalent radical conforming to the general formula C q H 2q L, wherein q is an integer having a value from 2 to 8 and L is selected from the following groups: — N(R 2 )CH 2 - CH 2 - N(R 2 ) 2 — N(R 2 ) 2 — N(R 2 ) 3 A
  • R 2 is hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, or a saturated hydrocarbon radical, typically an alkyl radical from about Ci to about C 2 o, and A is a halide ion.
  • a suitable cationic silicone corresponding to formula (V) is the polymer known as "trimethylsilylamodimethicone", which is shown below in formula (VI): 10763/SK
  • silicone cationic polymers which may be used in the compositions of the present invention are represented by the general formula (VII):
  • R 3 is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical from Ci to Ci 8 , typically an alkyl or alkenyl radical, such as methyl;
  • R 4 is a hydrocarbon radical, typically a Ci to Ci 8 alkylene radical or a Ci 0 to Ci 8 alkyleneoxy radical, commonly a Ci to C$ alkyleneoxy radical;
  • Q is a halide ion, typically chloride;
  • r is an average statistical value from 2 to 20, typically from 2 to 8;
  • s is an average statistical value from 20 to 200, typically from 20 to 50.
  • a suitable polymer of this class is known as UCARE SILICONE ALE 56TM, available from Union Carbide. iii. Silicone gums
  • silicone fluids suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are the insoluble silicone gums. These gums are polyorganosiloxane materials having a viscosity, as measured at 25°C, of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 csk. Silicone gums are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,152,416; Noll and Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press (1968); and in General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76.
  • silicone gums for use in the compositions of the present invention include polydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenylsiloxane)(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof. 10763/SK
  • non-volatile, insoluble silicone fluid conditioning agents that are suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are those known as "high refractive index silicones," having a refractive index of at least about 1.46, typically at least about 1.48, commonly at least about 1.52, typically at least about 1.55.
  • the refractive index of the polysiloxane fluid will generally be less than about 1.70, typically less than about 1.60.
  • polysiloxane "fluid” includes oils as well as gums. v. Silicone resins
  • Silicone resins may be included in the silicone conditioning agent of the compositions of the present invention. These resins are highly cross-linked polymeric siloxane systems. The cross-linking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetrafunctional silanes with monofunctional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin.
  • Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system known to those of ordinary skill in the art as "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes the monofunctional unit (CHs) 3 SiOo S; D denotes the difunctional unit (CH 3 ⁇ SiO; T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH 3 )SiOi 5 ; and Q denotes the quadra or tetra functional unit Si ⁇ 2 . Primes of the unit symbols (e.g. M', D', T', and Q') denote substituents other than methyl, and are specifically defined for each occurrence. b. Organic conditioning oils
  • the conditioning component of the compositions of the present invention may also comprise from about 0.05% to about 3%, typically from about 0.08% to about 1.5%, commonly from about 0.1% to about 1%, of at least one organic conditioning oil, either alone or in combination with other conditioning agents, such as the silicones. i. Hydrocarbon oils
  • Suitable organic conditioning oils for use as conditioning agents in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbon oils having at least about 10 carbon atoms, such as cyclic hydrocarbons, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), and branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated), including polymers and mixtures thereof.
  • Hydrocarbon oils typically are from about Ci 2 to 10763/SK
  • Branched chain hydrocarbon oils typically will contain more than 19 carbon atoms. ii. Polyolefins
  • Organic conditioning oils for use in the compositions of the present invention can also include liquid polyolefins, typically liquid poly- ⁇ -olefins, commonly hydrogenated liquid poly- ⁇ -olefins.
  • Polyolefins for use herein are prepared by polymerization of C 4 to about C 14 olefenic monomers, typically from about C 6 to about Ci 2 .
  • Non- limiting examples of olefenic monomers for use in preparing the polyolefin liquids herein include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1- dodecene, 1-tetradecene, branched chain isomers such as 4-methyl- 1-pentene, and mixtures thereof.
  • olefin-containing refinery feedstocks or effluents are also suitable for preparing the polyolefin liquids.
  • Typical hydrogenated ⁇ -olefin monomers include, but are not limited to, 1-hexene to 1-hexadecenes, 1-octene to 1-tetradecene, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable organic conditioning oils for use as the conditioning agent in the compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, fatty esters having at least 10 carbon atoms. These fatty esters include esters with hydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols (e.g. mono-esters, polyhydric alcohol esters). The hydrocarbyl radicals of the fatty esters hereof may include other compatible functionalities, such as amides and alkoxy moieties (e.g., ethoxy or ether linkages, etc.). c. Other Conditioning Agents
  • conditioning agents are also suitable for use in the compositions herein.
  • compositions of the present invention may also contain an anti-dandruff agent.
  • anti-dandruff particulates include: pyridinethione salts, zinc carbonate, azoles, such as ketoconazole, econazole, and elubiol, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, and mixtures thereof.
  • a typical anti-dandruff particulate is pyridinethione salt.
  • Such anti- dandruff particulate should be physically and chemically compatible with the components of the 10763/SK
  • Pyridinethione anti-dandruff particulates are suitable particulate anti-dandruff agents for use in compositions of the present invention.
  • concentration of pyridinethione anti-dandruff particulate typically ranges from about 0.1 % to about 4%, by weight of the composition, generally from about 0.1% to about 3%, commonly from about 0.3% to about 2%.
  • Suitable pyridinethione salts include those formed from heavy metals such as zinc, tin, cadmium, magnesium, aluminum and zirconium, generally zinc, typically the zinc salt of l-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (known as "zinc pyridinethione” or “ZPT"), commonly l-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione salts in platelet particle form, wherein the particles have an average size of up to about 20 ⁇ , typically up to about 5 ⁇ , commonly up to about 2.5 ⁇ . Salts formed from other cations, such as sodium, may also be suitable.
  • Pyridinethione anti-dandruff agents are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,809,971; U.S. Pat. No. 3,236,733; U.S.
  • the present invention may further comprise one or more anti-fungal or anti-microbial actives in addition to the metal pyrithione salt actives.
  • Suitable anti-microbial actives include coal tar, sulfur, whitfield's ointment, castellani's paint, aluminum chloride, gentian violet, octopirox (piroctone olamine), ciclopirox olamine, undecylenic acid and it's metal salts, potassium permanganate, selenium sulphide, sodium thiosulfate, propylene glycol, oil of bitter orange, urea preparations, griseofulvin, 8-Hydroxyquinoline ciloquinol, thiobendazole, thiocarbamates, haloprogin, polyenes, hydroxypyridone, morpholine, benzylamine, allylamines (such as terb).
  • Azole anti-microbials include imidazoles such as benzimidazole, benzothiazole, bifonazole, butaconazole nitrate, climbazole, clotrimazole, croconazole, eberconazole, econazole, elubiol, fenticonazole, fluconazole, flutimazole, isoconazole, ketoconazole, lanoconazole, metronidazole, miconazole, neticonazole, omoconazole, oxiconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, sulconazole nitrate, tioconazole, thiazole, and triazoles such as terconazole and itraconazole, and combinations thereof.
  • imidazoles such as benzimidazole, benzothiazole, bifonazole, butaconazole nitrate, climbazole, clotrimazole,
  • the azole anti-microbial active is included in an amount from about 0.01% to about 5%, typically from about 0.1% to about 3%, and commonly from about 0.3% to about 2%, by weight of the composition.
  • ketoconazole ii.
  • Selenium sulfide is a particulate anti-dandruff agent suitable for use in the anti-microbial compositions of the present invention, effective concentrations of which range from about 0.1% to about 4%, by weight of the composition, typically from about 0.3% to about 2.5%, commonly from about 0.5% to about 1.5%.
  • Sulfur may also be used as a particulate anti-microbial/anti-dandruff agent in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention. Effective concentrations of the particulate sulfur are typically from about 1% to about 4%, by weight of the composition, typically from about 2% to about 4%. iv. Keratolvtic Agents
  • the present invention may further comprise one or more keratolytic agents such as Salicylic Acid. v. Additional Anti-microbial Actives
  • Additional anti-microbial actives of the present invention may include extracts of melaleuca (tea tree) and charcoal.
  • the present invention may also comprise combinations of anti-microbial actives. Such combinations may include octopirox and zinc pyrithione 10763/SK
  • sulfur are typically from about 1% to about 4%, commonly from about 2% to about 4%.
  • compositions of the present invention may contain a humectant.
  • the humectants herein are selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, water soluble alkoxylated nonionic polymers, and mixtures thereof.
  • the humectants, when used herein, are typically used at levels of from about 0.1% to about 20%, commonly from about 0.5% to about 5%.
  • Polyhydric alcohols useful herein include glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, ethoxylated glucose, 1, 2-hexane diol, hexanetriol, dipropylene glycol, erythritol, trehalose, diglycerin, xylitol, maltitol, maltose, glucose, fructose, sodium chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate, sodium adenosine phosphate, sodium lactate, pyrrolidone carbonate, glucosamine, cyclodextrin, and mixtures thereof.
  • Water soluble alkoxylated nonionic polymers useful herein include polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a molecular weight of up to about 1000 such as those with CTFA names PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600, PEG-1000, and mixtures thereof.
  • compositions of the present invention may further comprise a suspending agent at concentrations effective for suspending water-insoluble material in dispersed form in the compositions or for modifying the viscosity of the composition.
  • concentrations range from about 0.1% to about 10%, typically from about 0.3% to about 5.0%.
  • Suspending agents useful herein include anionic polymers and nonionic polymers.
  • vinyl polymers such as cross linked acrylic acid polymers with the CTFA name Carbomer, cellulose derivatives and modified cellulose polymers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, nitro cellulose, sodium cellulose sulfate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, crystalline cellulose, cellulose powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, hydroxypropyl guar gum, xanthan gum, arabia gum, tragacanth, galactan, carob gum, guar gum, karaya gum, carragheenin, pectin, agar, quince seed (Cydonia oblonga Mill), starch (rice, corn, potato, wheat), algae colloids (algae extract), microbiological polymers such as dextran, succinoglucan, pulleran
  • acrylate polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, polyethylacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, and inorganic water soluble material such as bentonite, aluminum magnesium silicate, laponite, hectonite, and anhydrous silicic acid.
  • acrylate polymers such as sodium polyacrylate, polyethylacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, and inorganic water soluble material such as bentonite, aluminum magnesium silicate, laponite, hectonite, and anhydrous silicic acid.
  • compositions of the present invention may contain also vitamins and amino acids such as: water soluble vitamins such as vitamin Bl, B2, B6, B 12, C, pantothenic acid, panto thenyl ethyl ether, panthenol, biotin, and their derivatives, water soluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanin, indole, glutamic acid and their salts, water insoluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E, and their derivatives, water insoluble amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptamine, and their salts.
  • compositions of the present invention may also contain pigment materials such as inorganic, nitroso, monoazo, disazo, carotenoid, triphenyl methane, triaryl methane, xanthene, quinoline, oxazine, azine, anthraquinone, indigoid, thionindigoid, quinacridone, phthalocianine, botanical, natural colors, including: water soluble components such as those having C. I. Names.
  • compositions of the present invention may also contain antimicrobial agents which are useful as cosmetic biocides and antidandruff agents including: water soluble components such as piroctone olamine, water insoluble components such as 3,4,4'- trichlorocarbanilide (trichlosan), triclocarban and zinc pyrithione.
  • antimicrobial agents which are useful as cosmetic biocides and antidandruff agents including: water soluble components such as piroctone olamine, water insoluble components such as 3,4,4'- trichlorocarbanilide (trichlosan), triclocarban and zinc pyrithione.
  • compositions of the present invention may also contain chelating agents.
  • the shampoo compositions illustrated in the following Examples are prepared by conventional formulation and mixing methods. All exemplified amounts are listed as weight percents and exclude minor materials such as diluents, preservatives, color solutions, imagery ingredients, botanicals, and so forth, unless otherwise specified. All percentages are based on weight unless otherwise specified.
  • the Oil Water Emulsification test is a measure of the ability of a composition to emulsify an oil and maintain the emulsification over time.
  • Different compositions compositions of examples 1 and 6) of the invention as well as a comparative composition (example 7) are added to a water- and olive oil-filled vial at 25°C.
  • a vial containing 18 mL of water and 20 mL of olive oil is added 2 mL of one of the above compositions (compositions of examples 1 , 6, or 7).
  • the ratio of water to such composition is approximately 10:1 (by volume), to mimic in- use (i.e., shower) conditions.
  • the resulting mixtures are shaken uniformly for about 3 minutes (and up to about 15 minutes) using a standard orbital mixer.
  • the volume of water and the time required for the water layer to reappear from the emulsified phase is recorded.
  • the above data show indices of time required for water separation.
  • the emulsion formed in example 1 is 33% more stable, while the emulsion formed in example 6 is more than twice as stable as the comparative composition.
  • the Human Lipid Assay is a soil removal test using real sebum.
  • the test involves the use of several vials, each having an interior coated with a known mass of sebum (i.e., 0.2 g).
  • Different compositions compositions of examples 1,6, or 7 are added to the sebum-coated vials at 25°C.
  • the ratio of water to such composition is approximately 10:1 (by volume), to mimic in- use (i.e., shower) conditions.
  • the resulting mixtures are shaken uniformly for about 3 minutes (and up to about 15 minutes) using standard magnetic stirrers.
  • Approximately 10 minutes after shaking has stopped, the solution is poured out of the vial and analyzed for sebum concentration.
  • the percent of initial sebum present is indexed in the above table. As seen in the above table, the composition of example 1 removed 50% more sebum, while the composition of example 6 removed twice as much sebum as the comparative composition.

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Abstract

La présente invention porte sur une composition pour shampooing améliorée. Ladite composition comprend d'environ 5 à environ 50% en poids d'une composition d'agent tensio-actif détergente incluant au moins un tensio-actif anionique ; d'environ 0,1 à environ 20% en poids d'oxyde d'amine ; et d'environ 0,01 environ 5% en poids de polymère cationique, le rapport molaire de l'agent tensio-actif anionique à l'oxyde d'amine étant d'environ 2:1 à environ 40:1. La présente invention couvre également une composition de shampooings améliorée contenant d'environ 5 à environ 50% en poids d'une composition d'agent tensio-actif détergente ; d'environ 0,1 à environ 20% en poids d'oxyde d'amine ; d'environ 0,01 à environ 5% en poids de polymère cationique ; et d'environ 0,1 à 10% en poids d'un agent de pénétration des impuretés.
EP08719797A 2007-03-20 2008-03-20 Composition contenant des agents tensio-actifs d'oxyde d'amine ou des agents de pénétration des impuretés Withdrawn EP2136773A2 (fr)

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MX2009010031A (es) 2009-10-12
JP2010519250A (ja) 2010-06-03
WO2008114232A3 (fr) 2009-05-14

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