EP2133165B1 - Procédé de coulée de cuivre et d'alliages contenant du cuivre - Google Patents

Procédé de coulée de cuivre et d'alliages contenant du cuivre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2133165B1
EP2133165B1 EP09160173.2A EP09160173A EP2133165B1 EP 2133165 B1 EP2133165 B1 EP 2133165B1 EP 09160173 A EP09160173 A EP 09160173A EP 2133165 B1 EP2133165 B1 EP 2133165B1
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Prior art keywords
mold
casting
coating
copper
release agent
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EP09160173.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2133165A1 (fr
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Stefan Faber
Gerhard Schlick
Hans Bauch
Ralph Nonninger
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Ceranovis GmbH
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Ceranovis GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2007—Methods or apparatus for cleaning or lubricating moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/061—Materials which make up the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
    • B22D21/025—Casting heavy metals with high melting point, i.e. 1000 - 1600 degrees C, e.g. Co 1490 degrees C, Ni 1450 degrees C, Mn 1240 degrees C, Cu 1083 degrees C

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for potting copper and copper-containing alloys and semi-permanent mold coatings suitable for this method.
  • mold casting usually metal permanent molds are used, in which the liquid casting metal under the action of gravity (gravity casting) or in the low pressure process by applying a negative pressure are poured.
  • gravity casting or in the low pressure process by applying a negative pressure are poured.
  • die casting process can be accurately tailored castings with good surface finish and excellent produce mechanical properties. Quality defects are much less common in chill casting than, for example, in sand casting or die casting.
  • Chill casting processes are also used in brass casting. With the help of brass casting, for example, fittings for the sanitary sector, such as faucets are made.
  • die casting is more expensive than other casting methods. This is mainly due to the costs for the molds, which must be amortized over the entire expected service life. Moreover, due to intermediate steps required by conventional methods, such as cleaning steps, only a relatively small number of castings per unit time can be produced, resulting in low productivity.
  • the sizing which is usually applied as a protective layer on the inside of the mold.
  • the sizing is intended to protect the mold from premature wear, to prevent adherence of the castings to the mold wall and to facilitate demoulding.
  • the sizing influences the heat dissipation and also the quality of the casting. For example, graphite and water can evaporate or decompose and lead to errors in the casting pattern.
  • the mold walls are first cleaned by sandblasting with molten slag, broken glass, glass beads or corundum and then painted or sprayed on the optionally heated surfaces, the size.
  • the melt is subsequently introduced into the coated molds.
  • graphite-containing sizing also creates an extreme fine dust pollution for man and machine and causes a high degree of contamination of the workplace. This can lead to health problems of workers and poses further safety risks in the workplace, such as a high risk of slipping in the work area due to the lubricating properties of graphite dust. Furthermore, it may due to the electrical conductivity of the graphite to disturbances in the electrical system, and so to impair the plant technology of the foundry, such as hydraulics, come. In addition, high costs must be incurred for the disposal or recycling of the spent graphite sizing.
  • Graphite-free sizing compositions have already been described in the field of casting. An abrasion resistant, graphite free composition for Preparation of a size is for example in the German patent application DE 10 2005 045 666 the applicant described.
  • the temperature control of the mold also plays an essential role for mold casting.
  • the sizing material used in the temperature control must also be taken into account. Severe variations in heat balance from casting cycle to casting cycle can result in increased rejects.
  • excessively high casting temperatures lead to breakage of the casting, while too low temperatures result in incomplete spills, cold running or gas pockets.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially avoid the abovementioned disadvantages.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a mold having a prolonged life.
  • the application of the size is carried out as a suspension or dispersion.
  • the application of the size is carried out at a mold temperature of 90 to 200 ° C, preferably between 100 and 150 ° C.
  • the solidification of the coating takes place at a mold temperature of 250 to 400 ° C, preferably between 280 and 350 ° C, preferably over a period of 1 to 3 h.
  • the solidification of the coating takes place by filling the melt of copper or copper-containing alloys in the mold.
  • the mold is tempered to 80 to 150 ° C, preferably to 100 to 130 ° C, more preferably to 110 to 125 ° C and particularly preferably to about 120 ° C before filling the melt.
  • the temperature of the mold during the entire casting process remains largely constant and deviates from the initial temperature only by a maximum of 10 ° C.
  • the tempering of the mold preferably takes place via an actively controllable Peltier element and / or a water bath and / or an actively controllable water jet cooling and / or air.
  • the sizing additionally contains at least 1 wt .-% of boron nitride, MoS 2 and / or WS 2 , each based on the total weight of the size.
  • the boron nitride, MoS 2 and / or WS 2 preferably acts as a demolding lubricant.
  • a mold having a reusable hydrophobic mold coating prepared from a sizing comprising at least one inorganic oxide, at least 1 weight percent polysiloxane, each based on the total weight of the sizing, and a binder the binder contains nanoscale particles and wherein the coating has a foam structure on the surface.
  • the size from which the coating is produced additionally contains at least 1% by weight of boron nitride, MoS 2 and / or WS 2 , in each case based on the total weight of the size.
  • the coating obtained by application of the size has a thickness of from 1 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, preferably from 10 to 150 ⁇ m, more preferably from 10 to 90 ⁇ m and particularly preferably from 30 to 60 ⁇ m.
  • Steps (d) and (e) may be repeated several times before sizing is applied and solidified again (steps (b) and (c)).
  • steps (d) and (e) are repeated at least 10 times, more preferably at least 50 times, and most preferably at least 100 times before steps (b) through (c) are again carried out.
  • steps (d) and (e) are repeated at least 10 times, more preferably at least 50 times, and most preferably at least 100 times before steps (b) through (c) are again carried out.
  • a premature complete reapplication of a mold coating can be avoided by aftertreating or subsequently misting the defective site (s) with the size according to the invention. The aftertreatment can take place during the ongoing casting process.
  • the present invention relates to a mold having a reusable hydrophobic mold coating prepared from a size comprising at least one inorganic oxide and at least 1% by weight of polysiloxane, based on the total weight of the size, and a binder, wherein the binder contains nanoscale particles, and wherein the coating has a foam structure on the surface.
  • the inventive method can be carried out with steel or gray cast iron molds instead of much more expensive molds made of copper or copper alloy.
  • the term "average particle diameter” or “mean particle size” is understood here to mean, unless stated otherwise, the particle diameter based on the volume average (D 90 value).
  • the D 90 value is determined by means of dynamic light scattering, for example with an UPA (Ultrafine Particle Analyzer).
  • the principle of dynamic light scattering is also known by the terms “photon correlation spectroscopy” (PCS) or “quasi-elastic light scattering” (QELS).
  • PCS photon correlation spectroscopy
  • QELS quadsi-elastic light scattering
  • TEM quantitative electron microscopic methods
  • XRD X-ray diffraction
  • the term "sizing" describes a composition with demolding properties which is applied to the inside of the mold, e.g. in the form of a suspension or dispersion.
  • the amounts in wt .-% as used in the present application in connection with the components of the size, relate (unless stated otherwise) on the finished size comprising components and suspension and / or solvent.
  • the respective components of the size can be used, for example, in the form of a solid, a suspension, a dispersion or a solution or added to the size.
  • a coating is formed on the inside of the mold, which is largely free of any suspending or solvents used.
  • a "copper-containing alloy” in the sense of the present invention is any alloy containing copper.
  • copper-containing alloys are bronze, gunmetal or brass.
  • the term "brass" in the context of the present invention describes any copper-zinc alloys.
  • the copper-containing alloys may contain other ingredients such as Ni, Zn, Sn, Pb, Al or Sb.
  • the mold used in the method according to the invention can be made of any material that withstands the temperatures of the casting process.
  • suitable materials are aluminum, titanium, iron, steel, copper, chromium, cast iron, cast steel, boiler steel or gray cast iron and alloys of the aforementioned materials.
  • Molds made of copper or copper alloys are particularly suitable for brass casting.
  • the size used in the process according to the invention contains at least one inorganic oxide and preferably at least 1% by weight of hexagonal boron nitride, WS 2 and / or MoS 2 , based on the total weight of the size, at least 1% by weight of polysiloxanes, based on the total weight the sizing, and a binder.
  • the inorganic oxide may be selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum titanate, iron oxide, wollastonite, xonotlite, zirconium silicate, calcium silicate, bone ash, as well as so-called "red mud” and titanium dioxide.
  • the inorganic oxide is alumina or aluminum titanate or a mixture thereof.
  • the inorganic oxide particles may have an average particle size between 200 nm and 1 ⁇ m, preferably between 100 nm and 1 ⁇ m. However, larger average particle sizes, for example around 10 ⁇ m, may also be suitable.
  • the inorganic oxide may preferably be present in the size according to the invention in an amount of from 1 to 80% by weight, in particular from 10 to 70% by weight, preferably from 20 to 60% by weight and more preferably from 30 to 50% by weight on the total weight of the sizing, be included.
  • the size contains at least 1% by weight of boron nitride, WS 2 and / or MoS 2 , based on the total weight of the size.
  • a proportion of boron nitride has a positive effect on the flexibility, in particular the susceptibility to cracking and the elasticity of the sizing agent produced coating can affect.
  • the proportion of boron nitride may preferably be 1-50 wt.% Or 5-40 wt.% Or 10-30 wt.% Or about 20 wt.%, Based on the total weight of the size.
  • the proportion of boron nitride about 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the size.
  • the binder used according to the invention may be an organic or inorganic binder, wherein the binder contains nanoscale particles.
  • organic binders are organic natural products, e.g. Natural resins, organic modified natural products, e.g. Cellulose derivatives or modified natural resins, or organic synthetic compounds such as e.g. Polyacrylic and polymethacrylic compounds, vinyl polymers, polyesters, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyamines and polyamides.
  • Suitable inorganic binders may include polysilicic acids, glass frits, clay minerals, bentonites, phosphates or inorganic oxides. Particular preference is given to using inorganic nanoparticles, glass frits and phosphates as binders.
  • the binder may be contained in the size in an amount of 1 to 40% by weight, 3 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the size.
  • Nanoscale particles in the sense of the present invention are particles having an average particle diameter (also referred to as average particle size) of not more than 100 nm in the non-agglomerated state.
  • the nanoscale particles Preferably, have an average particle size of less than about 50 nm.
  • nanoscale particles examples are aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite or titanium dioxide or else mixtures or precursors of these compounds.
  • the nanoparticles used in the binder may have very large specific surfaces, which are preferably coated with reactive hydroxyl groups which are able to crosslink at room temperature with the surface groups of the (usually coarser) particles to be bound. Particular preference is given to using Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , boehmite or ZrO 2 in the form of nanoscale particles.
  • the size comprises at least 1% by weight of polysiloxane, based on the total weight of the size.
  • the polysiloxane may be selected from the group consisting of polyalkylsiloxane, polyalkylphenylsiloxane, alkylsilicone resin and phenylsilicone resin. Particularly preferred is polymethylphenylsiloxane.
  • the proportion of the polysiloxane may be 1-50 wt.% Or 5-40 wt.% Or 10-30 wt.% Or about 20 wt.%, Based on the total weight of the size.
  • the proportion of the polysiloxane is 20 to 25 wt .-%, and preferably about 23 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the size.
  • the sizing additionally comprises a vitreous constituent which usually functions as a binder or constituent of the binder.
  • the glassy constituent may be a low-melting glass frit, ie a glassy system in which water-soluble salts such as soda or borax and other substances are silicate bound and thus largely converted into a water-insoluble form.
  • the glass frits should largely contain no lead or other heavy metals.
  • the softening point of the glass frit is less than 500 ° C.
  • the Glass frit at least 50 wt .-% SiO 2 , at least 5 wt .-% boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ) and / or Al 2 O 3 and preferably has a high alkali content.
  • the binder used according to the invention comprises a combination of vitreous constituents and nanoscale particles.
  • the size additionally comprises fillers.
  • suitable fillers are oxides or nitrides of Al, Si, Zr, Ti, Fe, B, Wo or Mo and silicates of Al, Zr, Ti, B, Wo or Mo.
  • the sizing additionally comprises a suspending agent.
  • polar suspending agents can be used. Suitable examples are water or alcohols such as isopropanol.
  • the sizing agent comprises a suspending agent that is substantially free of nonaqueous liquid components.
  • the size may contain at least one surfactant, eg a polyacrylate. The addition of a surfactant may be particularly advantageous in those cases where the suspending agent is free of nonaqueous liquid components.
  • water is used as the suspending agent.
  • the sizing additionally comprises a thickening agent.
  • suitable thickening agents are, for example, inorganic thickeners, e.g. Polysilicic acids, clay minerals or zeolites, organic natural products, e.g. Gum arabic, pectins, starch or dextrins, organic modified natural products, e.g. Carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose or cellulose ethers, or organic fully synthetic thickeners, e.g. Poly (meth) acrylic compounds, vinyl polymers, polycarboxylic acids, polyethers, polyamines or polyamides.
  • an anionic heteropolysaccharide is used.
  • the size additionally comprises a corrosion inhibitor.
  • suitable corrosion inhibitors are Korantin MAT ® (BASF, Ludwigshafen), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), mixtures of inorganic phosphates such as Zinkphoshate or alkali / alkaline earth metal phosphates and phosphoric acid.
  • the sizing agent may contain a solids content of between 10 and 80% by weight, between 20 and 60% by weight, and preferably about 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the sizing.
  • the size comprises: From 30% to 40% by weight of a 50% by weight aqueous aluminum oxide suspension; 3 to 6 wt .-% boron nitride; 15 to 20 wt .-% of a 34 wt% aqueous nanoscale particle-containing binder; 20 to 25% by weight of phenylmethylpolysiloxane; possibly together with one or more of the following components: 2 to 4% by weight of a 50% by weight aqueous glass frit suspension; 3 to 8% by weight of additional water; 1 to 3% by weight AMP; 0.1 to 1.5 wt .-% Korantin MAT ®; 1 to 5% by weight of aluminum titanate; 1 to 5% by weight of wollastonite; 1 to 5% by weight of xonotlite; and or 0.5 to 3% by weight of a 2% strength by weight aqueous deuteron XG solution, wherein the ranges in wt .-% each relate to
  • the sizing can be applied by means of conventional application methods such as doctoring, dipping, spinning, flooding, brushing, brushing, brushing or spraying.
  • the application of the size to the mold inside can be done when the mold is installed in the casting device. Alternatively, the size can also be applied to the inside of a dismantled mold.
  • the size is applied by spraying.
  • the layer properties, the roughness and the surface morphology of the coating, which is produced by the application of the size in this case of the spray parameters, such as the spray pressure, the type of spray gun used and spray nozzle, the spray distance between mold and nozzle, the temperature of the mold and / or size depending on the order and the concentration of the size, and can be controlled by varying these parameters targeted.
  • Suitable spray pressure ranges are for example 1 to 6 bar, preferably 1.5 to 3 bar.
  • the spraying distance between nozzle and mold surface may be, for example, 15 to 40 cm and preferably 20 to 30 cm.
  • a suitable nozzle diameter is preferably in the range between 1.0 and 2.0 mm.
  • the application of the size can be carried out at room temperature or at higher mold temperature.
  • the sizing may be applied at a temperature of about 60 ° C to about 200 ° C.
  • the application of the size takes place at a mold temperature of about 90 ° C to about 150 ° C.
  • the application of the size can be carried out as a suspension, dispersion or paste.
  • the solids content of the size can be directly dispersed as freeze-dried material immediately before application in a solvent.
  • the size is applied as a suspension or dispersion.
  • the inside of the mold is pretreated prior to application of the size.
  • a common pretreatment is the cleaning by blasting, for example with CO 2 , sand, glass beads, glass breakage, melt-chamber slag, corundum, steel shot or metal balls, brushing or grinding.
  • Other pretreatments include, for example, a structure specification by blasting or milling and the use of laser technology if the coating is to be carried out by means of PVD or CVD or when using thin sol-gel layers.
  • the coating obtained according to the invention by application of the size to the inside of the mold and subsequent solidification has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, from 1 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m or approximately 80 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the coating obtained is preferably 20 to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the insulating effect of the coating produced can be controlled by the composition of the size and the layer thickness targeted.
  • At least one further coating is applied to the first mold coating, wherein the composition of the at least one further coating Coating may be different or identical in composition of the first coating.
  • the solidification of the mold coating obtained by application of the size can be effected by drying and optionally further thermal compression.
  • the drying of the coating can be carried out at room temperature or at elevated temperature, e.g. at temperatures of 80 to 100 ° C.
  • the coating can be further compressed.
  • the solidification of the coating takes place at a mold temperature of 250 to 350 ° C over a period of 1 to 3 h.
  • the sizing is solidified at a mold temperature of 90 to 140 ° C and then at 280 to 320 ° C, preferably about 300 ° C for 1.5 h.
  • the solidification of the coating takes place by filling the melt of copper or copper-containing alloys in the mold.
  • Another possibility of solidification is the burning and solidification by means of direct or indirect gas flame.
  • solidification of the size into a coating may preferably be carried out by performing a brass casting operation (pouring brass into the mold) or by direct heat (e.g., gas firing). If the mold is removed from the casting plant, the solidification can also be solidified by introducing the Kokillenhgann in an oven.
  • the coating which is produced according to the invention by application of the size to the inside of the mold is a ceramic coating.
  • the ceramic coating may have, for example, a pore or foam structure, a dense structure, a smooth-compact structure or a sharp-edged surface structure.
  • the roughness R z of the ceramic Coating may preferably be between 20 ⁇ m and 250 ⁇ m. The roughness is particularly preferably 50-150 ⁇ m.
  • the roughness of the coating can also be controlled by the particle size of the inorganic oxide particles contained in the size.
  • the roughness R z can be determined by means of the surface roughness tester Mitutoyo SJ 201 (Mitutoyo Messtechnik GmbH, Neuss) using the differential inductive method.
  • the mold coating in the mold has a surface structure which shows a "foamy” appearance.
  • This "foam structure” has proved to be particularly advantageous for the inventive method for casting copper and copper-containing alloys. In particular, very good demoulding, insulating and zinkaustragsreduusingde properties are obtained.
  • the thermal shock resistance of the ceramic coating provided according to the invention can be increased by using platelet-shaped particles and / or a binder according to the invention having elastic properties.
  • Suitable platelet-shaped particles consist for example of BN, WS 2 , MoS 2 or phyllosilicates.
  • An example of a binder for improving elastic properties is boron nitride.
  • the coating produced according to the invention by application of the size to the inside of the mold has a hydrophobic surface.
  • the addition of at least 1% by weight of polysiloxane increases the hydrophobicity of the surface of the coating made from the size.
  • the hydrophobicity of the resulting coating can be increased or improved by so-called burn-in, ie solidification of the coating at elevated or appropriate temperature.
  • burn-in, ie solidification of the coating at elevated or appropriate temperature A higher hydrophobicity of the Kokillenbe harshung leads to a poorer wettability by the Melting of copper or copper-containing alloys, and thus to an improved demolding of the casting.
  • due to the increased hydrophobicity of the coating prevents water can penetrate into the coating.
  • micro-explosions For the penetration of water, it may, for example, during the cooling process of the mold come by immersion in a water bath or spraying with water. This leads to a sudden evaporation of the water in the pores in the coating (so-called micro-explosions) during the casting process, which causes defects in the casting surface and thus a high rejection.
  • microbursts are commonly observed in graphite-based single-size siftings because the water molecules can attach between the graphite agglomerates.
  • the mold is heated to about 60 ° C to about 200 ° C before filling the melt of copper or copper-containing alloys in the mold.
  • a tempering of the mold is carried out at 80 to 150 ° C, preferably at 90 to 130 ° C, more preferably at 110 to 125 ° C and more preferably at about 120 ° C prior to filling the melt of copper or copper-containing alloys in the mold .
  • the temperature control has proved to be particularly important for the inventive method and in particular with regard to the reusability of Kokillenbe Anlagenung and the control of Zinkaustrags.
  • the temperature of the mold is adapted before filling the melt of copper or copper-containing alloys in the mold to the properties of the mold coating obtained by application of the size.
  • the inventors have also found that when casting brass, the zinc discharge from the melt can be reduced or avoided if the mold temperature before filling the melt in a range of 60 ° C to 200 ° C and preferably 90 ° C to 130 ° C is maintained. Precisely coordinated cooling of the mold allows both its service life to be significantly extended and rejects during casting to be significantly reduced.
  • the zinc discharge can be further reduced by additives in the cooling water bath, for example acids or complexing agents, which dissolve zinc or keep it in solution.
  • Another additional measure to reduce the zinc discharge in brass casting may be to provide the knife edge of the mold with a riser. The zinc deposits then arise preferably in the riser channel and do not affect the quality of the surface structure of the brass casting, such as a fitting.
  • the structure of the brass can be set closer due to the low mold temperature.
  • the inventors speculate that the larger bulk density is caused by the faster cooling of the charged melt, since the shorter cooling time produces smaller crystallites.
  • the structure density of castings can be selectively controlled or optimized.
  • a further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the low mold temperature makes it possible to cast more complex and / or by casting methods difficult or hitherto impossible realizable geometries.
  • the tempering of the mold can be carried out by means known in the art, for example by a heat-dissipating medium such as air, water or thermal oil.
  • a heat-dissipating medium such as air, water or thermal oil.
  • a Peltier element for cooling allows the targeted adjustment of temperature gradients and temperature distributions, and thus a control of the solidification of the melt and the interception of temperature peaks.
  • a tempering of the mold can also by heat pipes or an actively controlled Wasserbad- or water jet cooling be achieved.
  • Air cooling of the mold can be done by blowing air or dry ice.
  • the tempering of the mold takes place via an actively controllable Peltier element and / or water bath and / or an actively controllable water jet cooling.
  • the mold is transferred to a water bath for cooling and left therein for a certain time.
  • the cooling time is to be selected according to the invention such that the mold is cooled to the temperature range according to the invention before the next casting operation.
  • suitable molds between the inside and outside of the mold may have cooling channels for cooling, through which a coolant is passed during the casting process.
  • coolable or heatable molds are for example made US 4,875,518 or DE 103 59 066 are known and used in particular for aluminum casting.
  • the filling of the melt of copper or copper-containing alloys can be carried out by low-pressure casting or by gravity casting.
  • a typical period for a total casting process is about 50 and 120 seconds, and typically about 70 seconds, depending on the casting.
  • the dissolution of the resulting casting can be done in any manner known in the art.
  • the aluminum oxide suspension and the frit mixture are placed in a stirred vessel and stirred for 10 minutes at 100 U / min. Then Korantin MAT and AMP are stirred. The nanobinder is added at an increased speed of 130 rpm. At 170 rpm, the aluminum titanate is stirred in within 10 minutes, followed by Silres MP42E and the deuteron XG (2% solution). The mixture is then stirred again for 30 minutes.
  • the aluminum oxide suspension, the frit mixture and the water are placed in a stirred vessel and stirred for 10 min at 85 rev / min.
  • the AMP is added with stirring and then the Korantin MAT is stirred.
  • the speed is then increased to 130 rpm and the nanobinder added with stirring.
  • the aluminum titanate and boron nitride Hebofill 110 are first stirred in at 170 rpm, followed by the phenylmethylsilicone resin emulsion, the wollastonite MM80 and the xonotlite Promaxon D successively for 5 minutes.
  • Deuteron XG is then stirred in at 170 rpm and more Stirred for 30 min.
  • the solids content of the resulting size was 41.8%.
  • Example 3 Coating of a mold with size A to produce a foam structure
  • the copper mold is first pretreated by blasting with glass granules (150-300 microns). Before application, the size A was stirred for about 15 minutes and then at a mold temperature of 130 ° C with the spray gun SATA-jet HVLP (SATA GmbH & Co. KG) with a WSB 1.2 -1.4 mm nozzle with a spray pressure of 2 bar sprayed onto the inside of the mold with a moderate flat jet. The distance to the mold surface was about 30 cm and the spraying was done in the double cloister to produce a layer thickness of about 30 microns. As the illustration 1 shows, the mold coating thus prepared on a pronounced Schaumstrukur.
  • the mold temperatures were between 60 and 110 ° C.
  • the castings were easy to remove and the visual inspection showed a flawless surface.
  • the mold coatings had a uniform brown-black color. Strongly gray zinc deposits could not be observed.
  • the first casting cycle was carried out without cooling the molds, while in the subsequent casting cycles, the molds were cooled by means of a water jet cooling. After the first casting cycle, the mold temperatures were between 60 and 110 ° C. The mold temperature before filling the melt was kept at between 110 and 150 ° C in the subsequent casting cycles. In total, 22 casting cycles were carried out.
  • the castings were easily demolded after each casting cycle and the visual inspection showed a flawless surface.
  • the mold coatings had a uniform brown-black color. Gray zinc deposits could not be observed.
  • the first and second casting cycle was carried out without cooling the molds, while in the subsequent casting cycles, the molds were cooled by means of a water jet system.
  • the mold temperature before filling the melt was maintained at between 130 and 150 ° C in the subsequent casting cycles.
  • a total of 8 casting cycles were carried out.
  • the castings were easily demolded after each casting cycle and the visual inspection showed a flawless surface.
  • the mold coatings showed a uniform brown-black color on. Gray zinc deposits could not be observed.
  • the first casting cycle was carried out without cooling the molds, while in subsequent casting cycles the molds were cooled by water by means of an immersion bath.
  • the mold temperature before filling the melt was maintained at between 130 and 150 ° C in the subsequent casting cycles.
  • a total of 11 casting cycles were carried out.
  • the castings were easily demolded after each casting cycle and the visual inspection showed a flawless surface.
  • the mold coatings had a uniform brown-black color. Gray zinc deposits could not be observed.

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Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de coulée de cuivre et d'alliages contenant du cuivre, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a. Mise à disposition d'une lingotière,
    b. Application d'un poteillage sur la paroi interne de la lingotière pour la création d'un revêtement avec en surface une structure mousseuse, le poteillage comprenant
    au moins un oxyde anorganique,
    au moins 1 % en poids de siloxane polymère, en rapport au poids total de le poteillage et
    un agent liant, l'agent liant contenant des particules de l'ordre nanométrique,
    c. Solidification de le poteillage en un revêtement,
    d. Remplissage d'une masse fondue de cuivre ou d'alliages contenant du cuivre dans la lingotière, la lingotière étant amenée avant le remplissage à une température comprise entre 60°C et 200°C et
    e. extraction de la pièce moulée obtenue de la lingotière.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, le poteillage contenant en sus au moins 1 % en poids en rapport au poids total de le poteillage de nitrure de bore, de MoS2 et/ou de WS2.
  3. Procédé selon les revendications précédentes, l'application de le poteillage s'effectuant à une température de la lingotière de 90 à 200°C.
  4. Procédé selon les revendications précédentes, la solidification du revêtement s'effectuant sur une période de 1 à 3 h, à une température de la lingotière de 250°C à 400 °C.
  5. Procédé selon les revendications précédentes, avant le remplissage de la masse fondue, la lingotière étant amenée à une température de 80 à 150°C, de préférence d'environ 120°C.
  6. Lingotière avec un revêtement de lingotière hydrophobe à réutilisation multiple, produit à partir d'un poteillage, comprenant
    au moins un oxyde anorganique,
    au moins 1 % en poids de siloxane polymère, rapporté au poids total de le poteillage et un agent liant,
    l'agent liant contenant des particules de l'ordre nanométrique et
    le revêtement présentant en surface une structure mousseuse.
  7. Lingotière selon la revendication 6, le poteillage contenant en sus au moins 1 % en poids en rapport au poids total de le poteillage de nitrure de bore, de MoS2 et/ou de WS2.
  8. Lingotière selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, le siloxane polymère étant choisi dans le groupe comprenant le siloxane(alkyl)polymère, le siloxane(alkylphényl)polymère, la résine de silicone d'alkyle et la résine de silicone de phényle.
  9. Lingotière selon la revendication 6, 7 ou 8, l'au moins un oxyde anorganique étant choisi dans le groupe comprenant l'oxyde d'aluminium, l'oxyde de zirconium, le titanate d' aluminium, la wollastonite, la xonotlite, le silicate de zirconium, l'oxyde de fer et le dioxyde de titane.
EP09160173.2A 2008-06-03 2009-05-13 Procédé de coulée de cuivre et d'alliages contenant du cuivre Active EP2133165B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102008026535A DE102008026535A1 (de) 2008-06-03 2008-06-03 Verfahren zum Vergießen von Kupfer und kupferhaltigen Legierungen

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EP2133165B1 true EP2133165B1 (fr) 2013-11-20

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EP2133165A1 (fr) 2009-12-16
PT2133165E (pt) 2014-01-03

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