EP2131652A2 - Insecticides as safener for fungicides with phytotoxic action - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of insecticides, selected from GABA antagonists and nicotine receptor agonists/antagonists, optionally in combination with at least one gibberellin, as safeners for fungicides which have a phytotoxic action. The invention further relates to a method for reducing or preventing the phytotoxic action of fungicides on treated plants, or on plants the seeds of which or the growth medium of which has been or is treated with said fungicides. The invention further relates to agents, comprising at least one GABA antagonist, at least one azole fungicide, or strobiliurin fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin and agents containing at least one nicotine receptor agonist/antagonist, at least one azole fungicide or strobilurin fungicide and optionally at lest one gibberellin.

Description

 Insecticides as safener for fungicides with phytotoxic effect

description

The present invention relates to the use of insecticides selected from GABA antagonists and nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, optionally in combination with at least one gibberellin, as safeners for fungicides which exert a phytotoxic effect. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for reducing or preventing the phytoxic effect of fungicides on plants treated therewith or on plants whose seeds or growth medium have been or are being treated with these fungicides. Finally, the invention also relates to compositions containing at least one GABA antagonist, at least one azole fungicide or strobilurin fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin, as well as agents containing at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist, at least one azole fungicide or strobilurin Fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

It is known that some crop protection agents can exert a phytotoxic effect on crops treated therewith. Thus, F. Montfort et al., Pesticide Science 46 (4), 1996, 315-322, describes that the use of azole fungicides, such as triticonazole, to treat seed and crop plants may adversely affect plant growth. For example, greatly reduced growth in length is observed in the treatment of wheat with fluquinconazole or triticonazole.

Experiments of the applicant have shown that also other phytotoxic effects occur with certain fungicides (especially with azole fungicides and also with strobilurin fungicides) treated plants, such as reduced or delayed germination or reduced emergence.

These adverse effects associated with crop losses, which partially offset the fungicidal action of these compounds, limit the economic benefits of the use of fungicides.

The object of the present invention was therefore to provide compounds which reduce or prevent the negative effects of phytotoxic fungicides.

Surprisingly, it has been found that certain insecticides prevent or at least reduce the phytotoxic effects of such fungicides. The object has been achieved by the use of insecticides selected from GABA antagonists and nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, optionally in combination with at least one gibberellin, as safeners for fungicides which have a phytotoxic effect on plants, seeds or plants treated therewith who are growing in a medium treated with it.

The term "safener" is typically used for substances that reduce or prevent damage to crops by herbicides used for weedkilling. In the context of the present invention, however, this term is more generally defined and refers to substances which are the phytotoxic

The effect of pesticides, in particular fungicides, on plants treated therewith and / or on plants whose seeds and / or their growth medium have been or are treated therewith, reduce or prevent this. The subject of the present invention thus relates to the use of the above-mentioned insecticides and optionally at least one gibberellin for reducing or preventing the phytotoxic effect of fungicides on plants which have been and / or whose seeds and / or growth medium have been treated with these fungicides ,

Of course, the term "their seeds" refers to the seed from which the plant was grown and not the seed that it produces.

The term "seed" is representative of all species of propagating material of the plants. It includes seeds in the proper sense, grains, fruits, tubers, the rhizome, spores, cuttings, offshoots, meristem tissue, individual plant cells and any form of plant tissue from which a complete plant can be grown. Preferably, it is seeds in the strict sense.

"Growth medium" refers to any type of medium in which the plant will grow or grow, such as soil (e.g., in the pot, in beds or in the field) or artificial nutrient media. As a rule, it is soil.

In one embodiment of the invention, the insecticides are selected from GABA antagonists.

The GABA antagonists are preferably selected from acetoproles, endosulfan, ethiproles, fipronil, vaniliproles, pyrafluproles, pyriproles and the phenylpyrazole compound of the formula F ¹

Particular preference is given to using fipronil as GABA antagonist.

In another embodiment of the invention, the insecticides are selected from nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists.

Preferably, the nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists are selected from acetamidipid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiomethoxam.

More preferably, they are selected from acetamidopride, clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, and more preferably clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiomethoxam, and even more preferably clothianidin and imidacloprid. Specifically, the nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist is clothianidin.

Insecticides from the group of GABA antagonists and nicotinic acid receptor agonists / antagonists and processes for their preparation are known. They are described, for example, in The Pesticide Manual, 13th Edition, British Crop Protection Council (2003), Farm Chemicals Handbook, Volume 88, Master Publishing Company, 2001, and http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/index. Html, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The gibberellins are preferably selected from those of the formula I.

wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxy group; and means that there is a single bond or a CC double bond at this point. Among the compounds of the formula I fall the following four compounds of the formula 1-1 to I-4:

Gibberellin A ₁ Gibberellin A ₃ (gibberellic acid)

Gibberellin A, Gibberellin A ₇

Gibberellins of the formula I and processes for their preparation are known and described, for example, in WO 02/069715, to which reference is hereby made in their entirety.

The gibberellin is particularly preferably gibberellic acid (gibberellin A ₃ ) of the formula (I-2).

The phytotoxic fungicides are preferably selected from azole fungicides and strobilurin fungicides.

Azole fungicides, also referred to as conazole fungicides, are fungicidally active compounds containing an aromatic 5-membered nitrogen heterocycle. In particular, they contain an imidazole ring ("imidazole-conazole") or a triazole ring ("triazole-conazole").

Azole fungicides and processes for their preparation are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in Farm Chemicals Handbook, Meister Publishing Company or in the Compendium of Pesticide Common Names, http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/, which is hereby incorporated by reference Full reference is made.

Preferred azole fungicides are those which are known under the common names bitertanol, bromoconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, dinitroconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, hexaconazole, imazalil, metconazole, mycium lobutanil, penconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, triadimol, triflumizole and triticonazole.

Particularly preferred azole fungicides are selected from difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, imazalil, metconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole,

Prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol and triticonazole. More preferred are the azole fungicides selected from epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, prochloraz, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, and triticonazole, and more preferably, epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, prochloraz, and triticonazole. In particular, they are selected from fluquinconazole, prochloraz and triticonazole. Specifically, they are selected from prochloraz and triticonazole. More specifically, the azole fungicide is triticonazole.

Strobilurin fungicides are fungicidally active compounds derived from natural strobilurins, antibodies produced by fungi of the genus Strobilurus (cone ruffians). Structurally they contain 1.) at least one functional group selected from enol ethers, oxime ethers and O-alkyl-hydroxylamines (group I) and 2.) at least one carboxyl derivative (group II). Preferred carboxyl derivatives are the following functional groups: ester, cyclic ester, amide, cyclic amide, hydroxamic acid and cyclic hydroxamic acid. Preferably, the radicals of group I and group II are directly adjacent, d. H. connected by a single bond.

Strobilurin fungicides are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in Farm Chemicals Handbook, Meister Publishing Company or in the Compendium of

Pesticide Common Names, http://www.hclrss.demon.co.uk/, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Particularly preferred strobilurins are those known by the common names azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, methaminostrobin, oryssastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin. More preferably, the strobilurin fungicides are selected from pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, orysastrobin and dimoxystrobin. Even more preferably, the strobilurin fungicides are selected from azoxystrobin, orysastrobin and dimoxystrobin and especially dimoxystrobin.

The fungicides, insecticides and gibberellins described above can also be used in the form of their agriculturally acceptable salts. Thus, all compounds which contain basic nitrogen atoms in the molecule (as for example with all azole fungicides, azoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, pyraclostrobin, acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetoprole, ethiprole, fipronil, vaniliprole, pyrafluprole , Pyriprole and the compound of the formula r ^{1 is} the case) can be used in the form of their acid addition salts. Compounds with abstractable protons (for example with carboxyl groups, such as the gibberellins I) can be used in the form of their salts with metal cations, ammonium ions, phosphonium ions, sulfonium ions or sulfoxonium ions.

The acid addition salts can be z. B. by reacting the free bases with a suitable Brönsted acid. Suitable acids have agriculturally acceptable acid anions, and are selected for example hydrohalic acids such as hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and lodwas- serstoffsäure, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, benzoic acid and CrC ₄ - alkanoic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid.

Examples of suitable cations are, in particular, the cations of the alkali metals, preferably lithium, sodium or potassium, the alkaline earth metals, preferably calcium, magnesium or barium, and the transition metals, preferably manganese, copper, zinc or iron. Suitable ammonium cations are the ammonium cation itself (NH ₄ ⁺ ) and also substituted ammonium ions in which 1 to 4 of the hydrogen atoms are C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl, C 1 -C ₄ -hydroxyalkyl, C 1 -C ₄ -alkoxy, C 1 -C ₄ -alkoxy C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl, hydroxy-C 1 -C ₄ -alkoxy-C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl, phenyl or benzyl. Examples of suitable ammonium ions include methyl ammonium, ethyl ammonium, propyl ammonium, isopropyl ammonium, butyl ammonium, dimethyl ammonium, diethyl ammonium, dipropyl ammonium, diisopropyl ammonium, dibutyl ammonium, trimethyl ammonium, triethyl ammonium, tripropyl ammonium, tributyl ammonium, tetramethyl ammonium, tetraethyl ammonium, tetrapropyl ammonium, tetrabutyl ammonium, 2-hydroxyethyl ammonium , 2- (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethylammonium, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium and benzyltriethylammonium. Also suitable are phosphonium ions, sulfonium ions, such as tri (C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl) sulfonium, and sulfoxonium ions, such as tri (C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl) sulfoxonium.

C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl.

C 1 -C ₄ -hydroxyalkyl is a C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl radical in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by a hydroxy group. Examples include hydroxymethyl, 1- and 2-hydroxyethyl, 1, 2-dihydroxyethyl, 1-, 2- and 3-hydroxypropyl,

1,2-dihydroxypropyl, 1,3-dihydroxypropyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl, 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxybutyl and the like.

C 1 -C ₄ -alkoxy represents a C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl radical which is bonded via an oxygen atom. Examples of these are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, isobutoxy and tert-butoxy. C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl is a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by an alkoxy group. Examples thereof are methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, propoxymethyl, isopropoxymethyl, butoxymethyl, sec-butoxymethyl, isobutoxymethyl, tert-butoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, 1- and 2-ethoxyethyl, 1- and 2-propoxyethyl, 1- and 2-isopropoxyethyl, 1- and 2-butoxyethyl, 1- and 2-sec-butoxyethyl, 1- and 2-isobutoxyethyl, 1- and 2-tert-butoxyethyl, 1-, 2- and 3-methoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3-ethoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3-propoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3-isopropoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3-butoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3-sec-butoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3- isobutoxypropyl, 1-, 2- and 3-tert-butoxypropyl and the like.

Hydroxy-C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl is a C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by at least one alkoxy group. In addition, at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a hydroxy group in the alkyl radical or in the alkoxy radical or both. Examples of these are (2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl, (2- and 3-hydroxypropoxy) methyl, (2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl, (2- and 3-hydroxypropoxy) -1-ethyl, (2- and 3-hydroxypropoxy) -2 ethyl, 2-ethoxy-1-hydroxyethyl and the like.

Gibberellins which contain a carboxyl group in the molecule, such as the gibberellins of the formula I, can be used not only in the form of their salts, but also as esters. Suitable esters are, in particular, those with C 1 -C 4 -alkanols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol and tert-butanol.

The use of safeners according to the invention reduces or prevents the phytotoxic effect emanating from certain fungicides on plants or seeds treated therewith or on plants grown from seeds treated therewith or growing in a growth medium treated therewith.

"Treatment of the plant" means that the plant, more specifically aboveground plant parts, during the life of the plant, d. H. between emergence and

Death or harvest, preferably during the vegetative phase, i. from emergence to before flowering, is treated.

The phytotoxic effect exerted by these fungicides may be expressed in a variety of ways and may be demonstrated by comparing plants, and / or their seeds and / or their growth medium, with a phytotoxic fungicide, with plants, those whose seeds and their growth medium have not been treated with this fungicide. Of course, the comparison must be carried out under pathogen-free conditions, since otherwise the untreated plants could have characteristics due to the infection which correspond or resemble the phytotoxic effects. The phytotoxic effect manifests itself, for example, in that seeds which have been treated with the corresponding fungicide and / or seeded in a fungicide-treated growth medium, germinate worse. Inferior germination means that fewer seedlings from the same number of seeds are produced compared to seeds that have not been treated with the appropriate fungicide and grow in a suitably untreated growth medium.

The phytotoxic effect may be manifested alternatively or additionally in a reduced amount of run-up. The term "emergence", which is also referred to as "rising", means the breaking up of the seedling from the ground. Reduced start-up means that fewer seedlings will burst out of the soil from the same number of seeds as compared to seed not treated with the corresponding fungicide which germinate and grow in a non-appropriately treated growth medium.

Germination and emergence of the plant may coincide in some plant species, i. H. The first cotyledon already breaks through the soil. Since this is not the case with all plants, germination and emergence are described separately.

The phytotoxic effect may alternatively or additionally be expressed in a hypotrophic growth shortening, i. H. the stem does not grow as expected, and leaves and growth cones may be on the ground. This property is not necessarily detrimental to some crops, such as grain, because it reduces or prevents storage, but is undesirable in some plant species.

The phytotoxic effect of the fungicides may alternatively or additionally be manifested in a worsened vitality of the plants. Worsening of vitality can be detected by comparison with plants whose seeds and their growth medium have not been treated with the appropriate phytotoxic fungicide. The vitality of a plant manifests itself in various factors. Examples of factors in which plant vitality manifests are:

(a) overall visual impression;

(b) rooting and / or root development;

(c) size of leaf area;

(d) intensity of green coloration of the leaves;

(e) number of dead near-ground leaves; (f) plant height;

(g) plant weight;

(h) growth rate; (i) appearance and / or number of fruits; (j) density of plant life; (k) germination; (I) casserole behavior; (m) number of shoots;

(n) Type of shoots (quality and productivity)

(0) Robustness of the plant, e.g. B. resistance to biotic or abiotic stress;

(p) presence of necrosis; (q) aging behavior (senescence).

The phytotoxic effect may accordingly manifest itself in a deterioration of at least one of the above-mentioned factors, for. In

(a) a worse overall visual impression;

(b) less root growth and / or less root development;

(c) a smaller leaf area size;

(d) a reduced intensity of the green color of the leaves; (e) a greater number of dead ground-level leaves;

(f) a lower plant height;

(g) a lower plant weight;

(h) a slower rate of growth;

(1) a poorer appearance and / or fewer fruits; (j) a lower density of plant life;

(k) a poorer germination behavior (see above); (I) a worse casserole behavior (see above); (m) a smaller number of shoots;

(n) shoots of lesser quality (eg, weak shoots) and productivity (o) of reduced plant ruggedness, e.g. B. lower resistance to biotic or abiotic stress; (p) presence of necrosis; (q) poorer aging behavior (senescence, earlier aging).

Biotic stress is caused by organisms such as pests (such as insects, arachnids, nematodes, etc.), competing plants (e.g., weeds), phytopathogenic fungi, and other microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Abiotic stress is caused, for example, by temperature extremes such as heat, cold, strong temperature fluctuations or unusual temperatures, drought, extreme humidity, high salinity, radiation (eg increased UV radiation due to the decreasing ozone layer), increased ozone levels near the bottom and / or organic and inorganic pollution (eg by phytotoxic agents). see quantities of pesticides or by contamination with heavy metals). Biotic and abiotic stress leads to a reduction in the quantity and / or quality of the stressed plant and its fruits. For example, the synthesis and attachment of proteins is affected primarily by temperature stress, and growth and polysaccharide synthesis are reduced by virtually all stressors. This leads to a loss of biomass and to a deterioration of the nutrient content of the plant product.

It goes without saying that the appearance of the individual features of the phytotoxic effect depends on whether the plant itself (or aerial parts thereof), its seed or its growth medium were treated with the fungicide. Thus, of course, impaired germination behavior is only observed when the seed and / or the growth medium has been treated before or shortly after sowing. The same applies to the baking behavior. However, worsened plant vitality (eg, in the form of deterioration of at least one of features (a) to (j) and (m) to (q)) may also be observed when the plant or parts thereof during the life of the plant (ie between emergence and harvest or death).

However, the phytotoxic effects are especially noticeable when the seed from which the plant was grown and / or its growth medium - especially before emergence of the plant - and especially when the seed has been treated with the appropriate fungicides.

In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of the insecticides described above and optionally the gibberellins described above for improving the germination of plants whose seeds and / or their growth medium have been or are being treated with a fungicide as defined above.

In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of the insecticides described above, optionally in combination with the gibberellins described above, for improving the emergence of plants and / or their seeds and / or their growth medium with a fungicide as defined above have been or will be treated.

In a further preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of the insecticides described above, optionally in combination with the gibberellins described above, for improving the vitality of plants and / or their seeds and / or their growth medium with a fungicide as defined above have been or will be treated. In particular, the invention relates to the use of at least one of the insecticides described above, optionally in combination with the gibberellins described above, to improve the germination and / or emergence and / or vitality of plants whose seeds are treated with a fungicide as defined above were.

The plants may in principle be all plant species and varieties which are usually treated with the above-described fungicides and which have a phytotoxic effect due to this treatment. These are usually agricultural crops or ornamental plants. Agricultural crops are crops in which parts or the entire plant serve as a source of food, feed, fibers (eg cotton, linen), fuels (eg wood, bioethanol, biodiesel, biomass) or other chemical compounds. Examples include soybean, corn, wheat, triticale, rye, oats, barley, rapeseed, millet, rice, sunflower, cotton, sugar beet, stone fruit, pome fruit, citrus, banana, strawberry, blueberry, almond, grape, mango, papaya, soil - nut, potato, tomato, pepper, cucumber, pumpkin, melon, watermelon, garlic, onion, carrot, cabbage, bean, vegetable and pea peas, lentil, alfalfa, clover, flax, elephant grass (Miscanthus), grass, lettuce, sugarcane , Tea, tobacco and coffee.

Preferred agricultural crops are selected from soybean, corn, wheat, triticale, oats, rye, barley, rapeseed, millet, rice, sunflower and sugar cane, more preferably soybean, wheat, corn, rice and rapeseed, and even more preferably soybean and wheat , Most preferably, it is soybean.

Alternatively, preferred agricultural crops are selected from potato, tomato, pepper, cucumber, squash, melon, watermelon, garlic, onion, carrot, cabbage, bean, vegetable and pea peas and lettuce, and more preferably tomato, onion, lettuce and pea.

Ornamental plants include, for example, turf, geranium, pellargonium, petunia, begonia and fuchsia, to name but a few examples of the large number of ornamental plants.

The plants may be non-transgenic or transgenic in nature.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that the genetic engineering of the transgenic plant is such that the plant has resistance to a particular crop protection agent, eg a herbicide. For example, the transgenic plant may have resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. Examples of transgenic plants are those with a resistance to Herbicides of the group of sulfonylureas (see eg EP-A-0257993, US 5,013,659), imidazolinones (see eg US 6,222,100, WO 01/82685, WO 00/26390, WO 97/41218, WO 98 / 02526, WO 98/02527, WO 04/106529, WO 05/20673, WO 03/14357, WO 03/13225, WO 03/14356, WO 04/16073), of the glufosinate type (see, for example, EP-A A-0242236, EP-A-242246) or of the glyphosate type (see, for example, WO 92/00377) or plants with resistance to herbicides from the group of the cyclohexadienone / aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicides (see, for example, US Pat 5,162,602, US 5,290,696, US 5,498,544, US 5,428,001, US 6,069,298, US 6,268,550, US 6,146,867, US 6,222,099, US 6,414,222) or transgenic plants such as cotton in the presence of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins (Bt toxins). which confer resistance to certain pests (see eg EP-A-0142924, E-PA-0193259).

An example of a transgenic plant are transgenic soybean plants with herbicide resistance, in particular with glyphosate resistance (Roundup Ready Resistance).

With respect to the manner and amount in which the above-described fungicides, insecticides and gibberellins are used, reference is made to the following comments on the method according to the invention.

Another object of the present invention is a method for reducing or preventing the phytotoxic effect of fungicides on plants which have been and / or whose seeds and / or growth medium have been or are treated with these fungicides, comprising the plant and / or its seeds and / or treating its growth medium with at least one of these fungicides in combination with at least one of the insecticides described above and optionally with at least one of the gibberellins described above.

With regard to suitable and preferred fungicides, insecticides, gibberellins and plants, reference is made to the above statements.

Preferably, the method is for reducing or preventing the phytotoxic effect of fungicides as defined above on plants whose seeds have been treated with said fungicide, comprising treating the seeds of the plant with at least one of these fungicides in combination with at least one of the insecticides described above and optionally treated with at least one of the gibberellins described above.

Preferably, the method is used to improve the germination and / or the Auflau- fens and / or the vitality of the appropriately treated plant. The treatment of the plant, its seed and / or its growth medium may, for example, be carried out by mixing the plant, a part thereof, its seed and / or growth medium with a mixture of the at least one fungicide, the at least one insecticide and optionally at least treated with gibberellin. Alternatively, the plant, its seed and / or its growth medium may be treated with the at least one fungicide, the at least one insecticide and optionally the at least one gibberellin in separate form, wherein the treatment with the individual active ingredients may be simultaneous or sequential. In the successive treatment, the time interval can be a few seconds to several months, z. B. up to 6, 8 or even 10 months. However, the time interval must be such that the desired effect can occur. Preferably, the treatment interval is relatively short, ie fungicide, insecticide and optionally gibberellin are administered in a time interval of a few seconds to a maximum of one month, more preferably up to a maximum of one week and in particular up to a maximum of one day. It is in principle possible to apply the various active substances to different treatment objects (treatment objects are here plant, seeds and growth medium), ie, for example, to treat the seed with one of the active substances, eg with the fungicide, and the other active substance (s), eg Insecticide, and optionally gibberellin, to be applied to the plant resulting from the seed and / or to treat its growth medium therewith. However, it is preferred to apply all active ingredients used to the same treatment object. In the successive treatment, the order in which the individual active substances are administered is usually arbitrary. Frequently, however, first the at least one fungicide and then the at least one insecticide and optionally the at least one gibberellin are applied.

Particularly preferably one treats the seed (= the seed) and / or the growth medium and in particular the seed. The seed can be treated before sowing or via the growth medium into which it is sown, z. B. sowing in the form of the so-called "in furrow" application. In this application form, the pesticide is added to the furrow ("furrow") at substantially the same time as the seed.

The ratio of the total weight of fungicide (s) used according to the invention to the total weight of insecticide (s) used according to the invention is preferably 100: 1 to 1: 100, more preferably 50: 1 to 1:50, more preferably 10: 1 to 1: 10, even more preferably 5: 1 to 1: 5 and especially 1, 5: 1 to 1: 5, eg 1, 2: 1 to 1: 3 or 1: 1 to 1: 2.

When a gibberellin is used, the ratio of the total weight of the fungicide (s) used according to the invention to the total weight of gibberellin (s) used according to the invention is preferably from 200: 1 to 1: 1, especially preferably 100: 1 to 1: 1, more preferably 100: 1 to 2: 1, even more preferably 70: 1 to 5: 1 and especially 70: 1 to 10: 1.

In the ready-to-use preparations, the active ingredients (i.e., the at least one fungicide, the at least one insecticide, and the optionally used at least one gibberellin) may be formulated together or separately in suspended, emulsified, or dissolved form. The forms of application depend entirely on the intended use.

The active compounds can be used as such, in the form of their formulations or the use form prepared therefrom, for example in the form of directly sprayable solutions, powders, suspensions or dispersions, also high-percentage aqueous, oily or other suspensions or dispersions, emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, scattering agents or granules are applied. The application is usually carried out by spraying, atomizing, dusting, scattering or pouring. The application forms and methods depend on the intended use; In any case, they should ensure the finest possible distribution of active ingredients.

Depending on the embodiment in which the ready-to-use preparations of the active substances are present, they contain one or more liquid or solid carriers, optionally surface-active substances and optionally further auxiliaries customary for the formulation of crop protection agents. The formulations for such formulations are well known to those skilled in the art.

Aqueous application forms can, for. B. from emulsion concentrates, suspensions, pastes, wettable powders or water-dispersible granules by the addition of water. For the preparation of emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions, the active compounds can be dissolved as such or in an oil or solvent and homogenized by means of wetting agents, tackifiers, dispersants or emulsifiers in water. However, it is also possible to prepare concentrates consisting of active substance, wetting, adhesion, dispersing or emulsifying agent and possibly solvent or oil, which are suitable for dilution with water.

The concentrations of the active ingredients in the ready-to-use preparations can be varied within wide ranges. In general, they are between 0.0001 and 10%, preferably between 0.01 and 1% (wt .-% total active ingredient, based on the total weight of the ready-to-use preparation). The active ingredients can also be used with great success in the ultra-low-volume (ULV) process, it being possible to apply formulations containing more than 95% by weight of active ingredient or even the active ingredients without additives.

The active substances may include oils of various types, wetting agents, adjuvants, herbicides, fungicides and insecticides other than the active compounds used according to the invention, nematicides, other pesticides such as bactericides, fertilizers and / or growth regulators which are different from the gibberellins used according to the invention, if appropriate also immediately before use (Tank mix), to be added. These agents can be added to the active ingredients used in the invention in a weight ratio of 1: 100 to 100: 1, preferably 1: 10 to 10: 1.

As an adjuvant in this sense are in particular: organically modified polysiloxanes, eg Break Thru S 240 ^® ; Alcohol alkoxylates, eg. As Atplus 245 ^®, Atplus MBA 1303 ^®, Plurafac LF 300 ^® and Lutensol ON 30 ^®; EO-PO block polymers, eg. B. Pluro- nic RPE 2035 ^® and Genapol B ^®; Alcohol ethoxylates, eg. As Lutensol XP 80 ^®; and sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, e. B. Leophen RA ^®.

In the case of the combined use of the active compounds used according to the invention with other fungicides, enlargement of the fungicidal activity spectrum is obtained in many cases.

The following list of fungicides with which the active substances used according to the invention can be used together is intended to illustrate, but not limit, the possible combinations.

Acylalanines such as benalaxyl, metalaxyl, ofurace, oxadixyl;

Amine derivatives such as aldimorph, dodine, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, fenpropidin, guazatine, iminoctadine, tridemorph;

Anilinopyrimidines such as pyrimethanil, mepanipyrim or cyprodinil;

• antibiotics such as cycloheximide, griseofulvin, kasugamycin, natamycin, polyoxin or streptomycin;

Dicarboximides such as iprodione, myclozoline, procymidone, vinclozolin; Dithiocarbamates such as Ferbam, Nabam, Maneb, Mancozeb, Metam, Propineb, polycarbamate, Thiram, Ziram, Zineb;

Heterocyclic compounds such as anilazine, benomyl, carbendazim, dazomet, fenarimol, flutolanil, furametpyr, isoprothiolane, mepronil, nuarimol, probenazole, pyrifoxox, pyroquilone, quinoxyfen, thiophanate-methyl, tricyclazole, triforine; Copper fungicides such as Bordeaux broth, copper acetate, copper oxychloride, basic copper sulfate;

Nitrophenyl derivatives, such as binapacryl, dinocap, dinobutone, nitrophthalic-isopropyl;

Phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil or fludioxonil; • sulfur;

Other fungicides such as carpropamide, chlorothalonil, cymoxanil, diclomethine, diclocymet, diethofencarb, edifenphos, fentin acetate, ferimzone, fluazinam, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminum, hexachlorobenzene, pencycuron, phthalide, quintozene;

Sulfenic acid derivatives such as captafol, captan, dichlofluanid, folpet; Cinnamic acid amides and analogues such as dimethomorph, flumetover.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, no further fungicides are used in addition to the fungicides used according to the invention.

The formulations are prepared in a known manner, for. By stretching the active ingredient (s) with solvents and / or excipients, if desired using surface-active substances, d. H. Emulsifiers and dispersants. Suitable solvents / carriers are essentially:

Water, aromatic solvents (eg Solvesso products, xylene), paraffins (eg petroleum fractions), alcohols (eg methanol, butanol, pentanol, benzyl alcohol), ketones (eg cyclohexanone, methyl -hydroxybutyl ketone, diacetone alcohol, mesityl oxide, isophorone), lactones (for example γ-butyrolactone), pyrrolidones (pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, n-octylpyrrolidone), acetates (glycol diacetate),

Glycols, dimethyl fatty acid amides, fatty acids and fatty acid esters. In principle, solvent mixtures can also be used.

Carriers such as ground natural minerals (eg kaolins, clays, talc, crayons) and ground synthetic minerals (eg highly disperse silicic acid, silicates);

Emulsifiers such as nonionic and anionic emulsifiers (for example polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, alkyl sulfonates and arylsulfonates) and dispersants such as lignin-sulphite liquors and methylcellulose.

The surface-active substances used are alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium salts of lignin sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid, dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkylsulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty acids and sulfated fatty alcohol glycol ethers, and also condensation products of sulfonated naphthalene and naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, condensation products of naphthalene or naphthalenesulfonic acid with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, ethoxylated isooctylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, tributylphenyl polyglycol ethers, tristerylphenyl polyglycol ethers, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, alcohol and fatty alcohol ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated Castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, ethoxylated polyoxpropylene, Laurylalkoholpoly- glycol ether acetal, sorbitol esters, Ligninsulfitablaugen and methyl cellulose into consideration.

For the production of directly sprayable solutions, emulsions, pastes or oil dispersions come mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, such as kerosene or diesel oil, coal tar oils and oils of vegetable or animal origin, aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, eg. For example, toluene, xylene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes or their derivatives, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, mesityl oxide, isophoron, strongly polar solvents, eg. As dimethylsulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, butyrolactone or water into consideration.

Powders, dispersants and dusts may be prepared by mixing or co-grinding the active substances with a solid carrier.

Granules, for. B. coated, impregnated and homogeneous granules can be prepared by binding the active compounds to solid carriers. Solid carriers are z. As mineral earths, such as silica gels, silicates, talc, kaolin, Attaclay, limestone, lime, chalk, bolus, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium and magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground plastics, fertilizers such. Ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas and vegetable products such as cereal flour, tree bark, wood and nutshell flour, cellulose powder and other solid carriers.

Seed treatment formulations may additionally contain binders and / or gelling agents and optionally dyes.

The formulations generally contain between 0.01 and 95 wt .-%, preferably between 0.1 and 90 wt .-%, in particular 5 to 50 wt .-% of the active ingredient. The active ingredients are used in a purity of 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum). For seed treatment, the formulations in question give, after dilution of from two to ten times, active compound concentrations of from 0.01 to 60% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 40% by weight, in the ready-to-use preparations.

Examples of formulations are:

1. Products for dilution in water

I) Water-soluble concentrates (SL, LS) 10 parts by weight of active compound are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of water or a water-soluble solvent. Alternatively, wetting agents or other adjuvants are added. When diluted in water, the active ingredient dissolves. This gives a formulation with 10 wt .-% active ingredient content.

II) Dispersible Concentrates (DC)

20 parts by weight of active compound are dissolved in 70 parts by weight of cyclohexanone with the addition of 10 parts by weight of a dispersant, for. As polyvinylpyrrolidone, dissolved. The active ingredient content is 20% by weight. Dilution in water gives a dispersion.

III) Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)

15 parts by weight of active compound are dissolved in 75 parts by weight of xylene with addition of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (in each case 5 parts by weight). The formulation has 15% by weight active ingredient content. Dilution in water results in an emulsion.

IV) Emulsions (EW, EO, ES)

25 parts by weight of active compound are dissolved in 35 parts by weight of xylene with addition of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (in each case 5 parts by weight). This mixture is mixed by means of an emulsifying machine (Ultraturax) in 30 wt.

Parts of water introduced and brought to a homogeneous emulsion. The formulation has an active ingredient content of 25% by weight.

V) Suspensions (SC, OD, FS) 20 parts by weight of active compound are mixed with the addition of 10 parts by weight of dispersing and

Wetting agents and 70 parts by weight of water or an organic solvent in an agitating ball mill to a fine suspension of active ingredient crushed. The active ingredient content in the formulation is 20% by weight. Dilution in water results in a stable suspension of the active ingredient.

VI) Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules (WG, SG) 50 parts by weight of active compound are added with the addition of 50 parts by weight of dispersing and

Wetting agents finely ground and produced by means of technical equipment (eg., Extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed) as water-dispersible or water-soluble granules. The formulation has an active ingredient content of 50% by weight. Dilution in water results in a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.

VII) Water-Dispersible and Water-Soluble Powders (WP, SP, SS, WS)

75 parts by weight of active compound are ground with the addition of 25 parts by weight of dispersants and wetting agents and silica gel in a rotor-stator mill. The active ingredient content of the formulation is 75% by weight. When diluted in

Water results in a stable dispersion or solution of the active ingredient.

VIII) Gel Formulations (GF)

In a ball mill, 20 parts by weight of active compound, 10 parts by weight of dispersant, 1 part by weight of gelling agent and 70 parts by weight of water or an organic solvent are ground to a fine suspension.

2. Products for direct application

IX) dusts (DP, DS)

5 parts by weight of active compound are finely ground and intimately mixed with 95 parts by weight of finely divided kaolin. This gives a dust with 5 wt .-% active ingredient content.

X) Granules (GR, FG, GG, MG)

0.5 parts by weight of active compound are finely ground and combined with 95.5 parts by weight of carriers. Common processes are extrusion, spray drying or fluidized bed. This gives a granulate for direct application with 0.5 wt .-% active ingredient content.

Xl) ULV solutions (UL)

10 parts by weight of active compound are dissolved in 90 parts by weight of an organic solvent, for. B. XyIoI solved. This gives a product for direct application with 10 wt .-% active ingredient content. Suitable formulations for the treatment of seeds are, for example:

I Water Soluble Concentrates (LS) III Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC)

IV emulsions (ES)

V suspensions (FS)

VI Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules (SG)

VII Water-dispersible and Water-Soluble Powders (WS, SS) VIII Gel Formulations (GF)

IX dusts and dusty powders (DS)

Preference is given to using FS formulations for seed treatment. Typically, such formulations contain 1 to 800 g / l active ingredient, 1 to 200 g / l surfactants, 0 to 200 g / l antifreeze, 0 to 400 g / l binder, 0 to 200 g / l dyes and solvents, preferably water.

Preferred FS formulations of the seed treatment agents usually comprise 0.5 to 80% active ingredient, 0.05 to 5% wetting agent, 0.5 to 15% dispersant, 0.1 to 5% thickener, 5 to 20% antifreeze, 0 , 1 to 2% defoamer, 1 to 20% pigment and / or dye, 0 to 15% adhesive, 0 to 75% filler / vehicle, and 0.01 to 1% preservative.

Suitable pigments or dyes for formulations of the seed treatment agents are Pigment Blue 15: 4, Pigment Blue 15: 3, Pigment Blue 15: 2, Pigment Blue 15: 1, Pigment Blue 80, Pigment Yellow 1, Pigment Yellow 13, Pigment red 112, Pigment red 48: 2, Pigment red 48: 1, Pigment red 57: 1, Pigment red 53: 1, Pigment orange 43, Pigment orange 34, Pigment orange 5, Pigment green 36, Pigment green 7, Pigment white 6, Pigment brown 25, Basic violet 10, Basic violet 49, Acid red 51, Acid red 52, Acid red 14, Acid blue 9, Acid yellow 23, Basic red 10, Basic red 108.

Suitable wetting agents and dispersants are, in particular, the abovementioned surface-active substances. Preferred wetting agents are alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, such as diisopropyl or diisobutylnaphthalene sulfonates. Preferred dispersants are nonionic or anionic dispersants or mixtures of nonionic or anionic dispersants. Particularly suitable nonionic dispersants are, in particular, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide, block polymers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and tristryrylphenol polyglycol ethers, for example polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether, ethoxylated isooctylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, alkylphenolpolyglycol ethers. ethers, tributylphenyl polyglycol ethers, tristerylphenyl polyglycol ethers, alkylaryl polyether alcohols, alcohol and fatty alcohol ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, ethoxylated polyoxypropylene, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetal, sorbitol esters and methyl cellulose. Suitable anionic dispersants are, in particular, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium salts of lignin sulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, phenolsulfonic acid, dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid, alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkylsulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty acids and sulfated fatty alcohol glycol ethers, furthermore arylsulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, eg. B. condensation products of sulfonated naphthalene and naphthalene derivatives with formaldehyde, condensation products of naphthalene or Naphtalinsulfonsäure with phenol and formaldehyde, lignosulfonates, Ligninsulfitablaugen, phosphated or sulfated derivatives of methylcellulose and polyacrylic acid salts.

In principle, all substances which lower the melting point of water can be used as antifreeze. Suitable antifreezes include alkanols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, the butanols, glycol, glycerin, diethylene glycol and the like.

Suitable thickening agents are all substances which can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions, for example cellulose derivatives, polyacrylic acid derivatives, xanthan, modified clays and highly dispersed silicic acid.

Defoamers which can be used are all foam-inhibiting substances customary for the formulation of agrochemical active substances. Particularly suitable are silicone defoamers and magnesium stearate.

As preservatives, it is possible to use all preservatives which can be used for such purposes in agrochemical compositions. May be mentioned by way of example

Dichlorophen, isothiazolens such as 1,2-benzisothiazol-3 (2H) -one, 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one hydrochloride, 5-chloro-2- (4-chlorobenzyl) -3 (2H) -isothiazolone,

5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one,

5-chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one hydrochloride,

4,5-dichloro-2-cyclohexyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one,

2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one calcium chloride complex, 2-octyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one and benzyl alcohol hemiformal. Adhesive / adhesive is added to improve the adhesion of the active ingredients on the seed after treatment. Suitable adhesives are surface-active block copolymers based on EO / PO, but also polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polybutenes, polyisobutenes, polystyrene, polyethylene amines, polyethylene amides, polyethyleneimines (Lupasol®, Polymin®), polyethers and copolymers which derived from these polymers.

An example of a gelling agent is carrageenan.

For the treatment of the seed, it is possible in principle to use all customary methods of seed treatment or seed dressing, for example dry pickling, moist pickling, wet pickling, slurry pickling or encrusting. In detail, the treatment is carried out by treating the seed with the respectively desired amount of seed dressing formulations either as such or after diluting previously with water in a device suitable for this purpose, for example a

Mixing device for solid or solid / liquid mixing partners until uniform distribution of the agent on the seed mixes. Optionally, a drying process follows.

Suitable formulations for the treatment of plants, especially the aerial part of the plants, include spray applications, dusts and microgranules, with spray applications being preferred.

Suitable formulations for the production of spray solutions for direct application are fertil:

I Water-soluble concentrates (LS)

II Dispersible Concentrates (DC)

III Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC) IV Emulsions (EW, EO)

V suspensions (SC)

VI Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules (WG)

VII Water-dispersible and water-soluble powders (WP, SP)

Suitable formulations for soil treatment are, for example, granules and spray applications.

The total application quantities (ie the total amount of the active ingredients used according to the invention) for the treatment of the above-ground part of the plant are preferably from 0.001 to 3 kg / ha, more preferably from 0.005 to 2 kg / ha, more preferably from 0.01 to 2 kg / ha and especially from 0.01 to 1 kg / ha per season.

The total application rates (ie the total amount of active ingredients used according to the invention) for the treatment of the seed are preferably 0.1 to 1000 g, more preferably 1 to 750 g, more preferably 5 to 200 g, even more preferably 10 to 150 g and especially 20 up to 150 g per 100 kg of seed.

The active compounds used according to the invention can be formulated together or separately.

The use according to the invention or the method according to the invention lead to a markedly reduced phytotoxic effect of the fungicide used with, at the same time, substantially unchanged or even improved fungicidal and / or insecticidal activity.

Another object of the present invention is an agent (agent A) containing at least one insecticide selected from GABA antagonists, at least one azole fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

Preferably, the agent A of the invention comprises at least one insecticide selected from GABA antagonists, at least one azole fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

The at least one GABA antagonist is preferably selected from acetoprole, endosulfan, ethiprole, fipronil, vaniliprole, pyrafluprole, pyriprole and the phenylpyrazole compound of the formula F ¹ .

The present invention further provides an agent (Agent B) containing at least one insecticide selected from GABA antagonists, at least one strobilurin fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

Preferably, the agent B of the invention contains at least one insecticide selected from GABA antagonists, at least one strobilurin fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

In addition, the subject of the invention is an agent (agent C) comprising at least one insecticide selected from nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, at least one azole fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin. Preferably, the agent C according to the invention comprises at least one insecticide which is selected from nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, at least one azole fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

The invention further provides an agent (agent D) containing at least one insecticide selected from nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, at least one strobilurin fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

The agent D according to the invention preferably comprises at least one insecticide which is selected from nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, at least one strobilurin fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

Preferably, the at least one azole fungicide contained in agents A and C is selected from difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, imazalil, metconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimol and triticonazole, more preferably epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, prochloraz and Triticonazole and especially under prochloraz and triticonazole. Specifically, it is triticonazole.

The at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist is preferably selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam. It is particularly preferably selected from among clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. In particular, it is clothianidin.

The at least one gibberellin optionally contained in the agents A, B, C and D is preferably selected from gibberellins of the formula I. Particular preference is given to gibberellic acid.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, difenoconazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, epoxiconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, fluquinconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, flutriafol and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, imazalil and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, metconazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, prochloraz and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, propiconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, prothioconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, tebuconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, triadimenol and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises clothianidin, triticonazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, difenoconazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, epoxiconazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, fluquinconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, flutriafol and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, imazalil and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, metconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, prochloraz and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, propiconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternatively particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, prothioconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, tebuconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, triadimenol and gibberellic acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent C according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, triticonazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, difenoconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, epoxiconazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, fluquinconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, flutriafol and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, imazalil and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, metconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, prochloraz and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, propiconazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, prothioconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, tebuconazole and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, triadimenol and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent A according to the invention comprises fipronil, triticonazole and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises clothianidin and azoxystrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises clothianidin and dimoxystrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises clothianidin and orysastrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises clothianidin, azoxystrobin and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises clothianidin, dimoxystrobin and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises clothianidin, orysastrobin and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises imidacloprid and azoxystrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises imidacloprid and dimoxystrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises imidacloprid and orysastrobin.

In an alternatively preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, azoxystrobin and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, dimoxystrobin and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent D according to the invention comprises imidacloprid, orysastrobin and gibberellic acid.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent B according to the invention comprises fipronil and azoxystrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent B according to the invention comprises fipronil and dimoxystrobin. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent B according to the invention comprises fipronil and orysastrobin.

In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent B according to the invention comprises fipronil, azoxystrobin and gibberellic acid. In an alternative particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent B according to the invention comprises fipronil, dimoxystrobin and gibberellin acid. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the agent B according to the invention comprises fipronil, orysastrobin and gibberellic acid.

The agents according to the invention may be a physical mixture of at least one of the fungicides previously defined with at least one of the insecticides defined above and optionally at least one of the previously defined gibellins. However, the agent can also be any combination of the active ingredients, wherein the individual active ingredients need not be formulated together.

An example of compositions of the invention in which the at least one fungicide and the at least one insecticide and optionally the at least one gibberellin are not co-formulated is a 2-component kit or a 3-component kit.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates to a 2-component kit comprising a first component which contains the at least one fungicide, a liquid or solid carrier and optionally at least one surfactant and / or at least one conventional adjuvant, and a second component which at least one insecticide, a liquid or solid carrier and optionally at least one surfactant and / or at least one conventional adjuvant. Optionally, the second component also contains at least one gibberellin.

The present invention also relates to a 3-component kit comprising a first component comprising the at least one fungicide, a liquid or solid carrier and optionally at least one surfactant and / or at least one conventional adjuvant, a second component which contains at least one insecticide, a liquid or solid carrier and optionally at least one surfactant and / or at least one conventional adjuvant, and a third component which at least one gibberellin, a liquid or solid carrier and optionally at least one surfactant and / or at least one conventional adjuvant.

Suitable liquid and solid carriers, surfactants and conventional adjuvants are described above.

The compositions according to the invention may be formulated as described above and / or they may contain the additional components indicated above (eg other active ingredients (fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, bactericides, nematicides, fertilizers, growth regulators, etc.), adjuvants, oils, wetting agents, etc.) ,

With regard to the suitable and preferred weight ratios of the components contained in the agents A to D, the application rates and the nature of their application, reference is made to the above statements.

The compositions of the invention are characterized by a substantially reduced phytotoxicity compared to corresponding agents which, however, do not contain an insecticide as defined above and also no gibberellin. At the same time, their fungicidal activity is essentially unchanged or even improved. In addition, they also have insecticidal activity, so that they are suitable both for the treatment of phytopathogenic fungi and unwanted pests. Accordingly, the invention also relates to the use of the agents according to the invention for controlling phytopathogenic fungi.

In particular, they are suitable for controlling the following phytopathogenic fungi:

• Alternaria species on vegetables, oilseed rape, sugar beets, fruits and rice, eg. A.solani or A. alternata on potatoes and tomatoes,

• Aphanomyces species on sugar beet and vegetables, • Bipolaris and Drechslera species on maize, cereals, rice and turf, eg. B. Mayay's maize,

• Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew) on cereals,

• Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) on strawberries, vegetables, flowers and vines,

• Bremia lactucae on lettuce, • Cercospora species on corn, soybeans, rice and sugar beet, Cochliobolus species on corn, cereals, rice (eg Cochliobolus sativus on cereals, Cochliobolus miyabeanus on rice),

Colletotricum species on soybeans and cotton,

• Drechslera species and Pyrenophora species on cereals, rice, turf and maize, eg. D.teres to barley or D. tritici-repentis to wheat,

Esca on grapevine caused by Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporium, Ph. Ale- ophilum, and Formitipora punctata (syn. Phellinus punctatus),

Exserohilum species on corn,

• Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea on cucurbits, • Fusarium and Verticillium species on various plants, eg. B. F. graminearum or F. culmorum on cereal or F. oxysporum on a variety of plants such. Tomatoes,

Gaeumanomyces graminis on cereals,

• Gibberella species on cereals and rice (eg Gibberella fujikuroi on rice), • Grainstaining complex on rice,

Helminthosporium species on corn and rice,

Michrodochium nivale on cereals,

Mycosphaerella species on cereals, bananas and peanuts, e.g. B. M. graminicola on wheat or M. fijiensis on bananas, • Peronospora species on cabbage and bulbous plants, such. P. brassicae on cabbage or P. destructor on onion,

• Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae on soybeans,

• Phomopsis species on soybeans and sunflowers,

• Phytophthora infestans on potatoes and tomatoes, • Phytophthora species on various plants such as. B. capsici to paprika,

Plasmopara viticola on grapevines,

• Podosphaera leucotricha on apple,

Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides on cereals,

• Pseudoperonospora species on various plants such. P. cubensis on cucumber or P. humili on hops,

• Puccinia species on various plants, such as P. triticina, P. striformins, P. hordei or P. graminis on cereals, or P. asparagi on asparagus,

• Pyrenophora species on cereals,

Pyricularia oryzae, Corticium sasakii, Sarocladium oryzae, S. attenuatum, Entyloma oryzae on rice,

• Pyricularia grisea on grass and cereals,

• Pythium spp. on turf, rice, corn, cotton, oilseed rape, sunflowers, sugar beets, vegetables and other plants, e.g. B. P. ultiumum on various plants,

P. aphanidermatum on lawn, • Rhizoctonia species on cotton, rice, turf, corn, oilseed rape, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables and other plants, eg. BR solani on turnips and various plants,

• Rhynchosporium secalis on barley, rye and triticale, • Sclerotinia species on rape and sunflowers,

• Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum on wheat,

• Erysiphe (syn. Uncinula) necator on grapevine,

• Setospaeria species on corn and turf,

Sphacelotheca reilinia on corn, Thievaliopsis species on soybeans and cotton,

• Tilletia species on cereals,

• Ustilago species on cereals, maize and sugar beet, eg. B. maydis on corn, and

• Venturia species (scab) on apple and pear, eg. B. V. inaequalis to apple.

In particular, the compositions according to the invention are suitable for controlling soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae).

The present invention also relates to the use of the agents according to the invention for controlling pests, in particular insects and / or arachnids.

The following pests can be well controlled by the agents according to the invention:

• Lepidoptera: eg Agrotis ypsilon, Agrotis segetum, Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Argyresthia conjugella, Autographa gamma, Bupalus piniarius, Cacoecia murinana, Capua reticulana, Cheimatobia brumata, Choristoneura fumiferana, Choristoneura occidentalis, Cirphis unipuncta, Cydia pomonella, Dendrolimus pini Diaphania nitidalis, Diatraea grandiosella, Earias insulana, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eupoecilia ambiguella, Evetria bouliana, Feltia subterranea, Galleria mellonella, Grapholitha funebrana, Grapholitha molesta, Heliothis armigera, Heliothis virescens, Heliothis zea, Helatia and alis, Hibernia defoliaria, Hyphantria cunea, Hyponomeuta malinellus, Keiferia lycopersicella, Lambdina fiscaria, Laphygma exigua, Leucopterra coffeella, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocolletis blancardella, Lobesia botrana, Loxostege sticticalis, Lymantria dispar, Lymantria monacha, Lyonetia clerkella, Malacosoma neustria, Mamestra brassicae, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Ostrinia nubilalis , Panoli s flammea, Pectinophora gossypiella, Peridroma saucia, Phalera bucephala, Phthoremaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris brassicae, Plathypena scabra, Plutella xylostella, Pseudoplusia includens, Rhyacionia frustrana, Scrobipalpula absoluta, Simotroga cerealella, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spodoptera eridania, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Thaumatopoea pityocampa, Tortrix wididana, Trichoplusia ni and Zeiraphera canadensis, • Coleoptera (beetles), eg, Agrilus sinuatus, Agriotes lineatus, Agriotes obscurus, Amphimallus solstitialis, Anisandrus dispar, Anthonomus grandis, Anthonomus polorum, Atomaria linearis, Blastophagus piniperda, Blitophaga undata, Bruchus rufimusus, Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus lentis, Byctiscus betulae, Cassida nebulosa, Cefromoma trifurcata, Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis, Ceuthorrhynchus napi, Chaetocnema tibialis, Conoderus vespertinus, Crioceris asparagi, Diabrotica longicornis, Diabrotica 12-punctata, Diabrotica virgifera, Epilachna varivestis, Epitrix hirtipennis, Eutinobasthrus brasiliensis, Hylobius abietis Hypera brunneipennis, Hypera postica, Ips typographus, Lema bilineata, Lema melanopus, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Limonius californicus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Melanotus communis, Meligethes aeneus,

Melolontha hippocastani, Melolontha melolontha, Oulema oryzae, Ortiorrhynchus sulcatus, Otiorrhynchus ovatus, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Phyllophaga sp., Phyllopertha horticola, Phyllotreta nemorum, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Sitona lineatus and Sitophilus granaria, • Diptera, e.g. Aedes aegypti, Aedes vexans, Anastrepha ludens, Anopheles maculi- pennis, Ceratitis capitata, Chrysomya bezziana, Chrysomya hominivorax, Chrysomelia macellaria, Contarina sorghicola, Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culex pipiens, Dacus cucurbitae, Dacus oleae, Dasineura brassicae, Fannia canicularis, guests - rophilus intestinalis, Glossina morsitans, Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis e-questris, Hylemyia platura, Hypoderma lineata, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza trifolii,

Lucilia caprina, Lucilia cuprina, Lucilia sericata, Lycoria pectoralis, Mayetiola destructor, Musca domestica, Muscina stabulans, Oestrus ovis, Oscinella frit, Pegomya hyoidyami, Phorbia antiqua, Phorbia brassicae, Phorbia coarctata, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhagoletis pomonella, Tabanus bovine, Tipula oleracea and Tipula paludosa, • Thysanoptera (fringed wing), eg Dichromothrips spp., Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci,

Hymenoptera e.g. Athalia rosae, Atta cephalotes, Atta sexdens, Atta texana, Hoplo campa minuta, Hoplocampa testudinea, Monomorium pharaonis, Solenopsis geminata and Solenopsis invicta,

Heteroptera, eg Acrosternum hilare, Blissus leucopterus, Cyrtopeltis notatus, Dysdercus cingulatus, Dysdercus intermedius, Eurygaster integriceps, Eushistus impictiventris, Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygus lineolaris, Lygus pratensis, Nezara viridula, Piesma quadrata, Solubea insularis and Thyanta perditor. • Aphis forbesi, Aphis pomi, Aphis gossypii, Aphis grossulariae, Aphis cut, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis sambuci, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aulacorthum solani, Bemisa tabaci, Bemisa argentifolii, Brachycaudus cardui, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Brachycaudus persicae, Brachycaudus prunicola, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus horni, Cerosipha gossypii, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Cryptomyzus ribis, Dreyfusia nordmannianae, Dreyfusia piceae, Dysaphis radicola, Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysaphis pyri, Em- poasca fabae, Hyalopterus pruni, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Macrosiphum avenae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Macrosiphon rosae, Megoura viciae, Melanaphis pyrarius, Metopolophium dirhodum, Myzodes persicae, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus varians, Nasonovia ribis-nigri, Nilaparvata lugens, Pemphigus bursarius, Perkinsiella saccharicida, Phorodon humuli, Psylla mali, Psylla piri, Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosiphum padi, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mali, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Sitobion avenae, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiiand, and Viteus vitilfolii , • Isoptera (termites), eg Calotermes flavicollis, Leucotermes flavipes, Reticulitermes lucifugus and Termes natalensis,

Orthoptera, e.g. Acheta domestica, Blatta orientalis, Blattella germanica, Forficula auricularia, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus bivittatus, Meunoplus femur-rubrum, Melanoplus mexicanus, Melanoplus sanguinipes, Melanoplus spretus, Nomadacris septemfasciata, Periplaneta americana, Schistocerca america, Schistocerca peregrina , Stauronotus maroccanus and Tachycines asynamorus,

Collembola (springtails), e.g. Onychiurus ssp., And

Arachnids, such as mites (Acarina), e.g. of the families Argasidae, Ixodidae and Sarcoptidae, such as Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma variegatum, Argas persicus, Boophilus annulatus, Boophilus decoloratus, Boophilus microplus, Dermacenter silvarum, Hyalomma truncatum, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes rubicundus, Ornithodoro moubata, Otobius megnini Dermanyssus gallinae, Psoroptes ovis, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Sarcoptes scabiei, and Eriophyidae spp. such as Aculus badendali, Phyllocoptrata oleivora, and Eriophyes sheldoni; Tarsonemidae spp. such as Phytonemus pallidus and Polyphagotarsonemus latus; Tenuipalpida spp. like Brevipalpus phoenicis; Tetranychidae spp. such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus kanzawai, Tetranychus pacificus, Tetranychus telarius and Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus ulmi, Panonychus citri, and oligonychus pratensis.

The agents according to the invention can also be used to combat nematodes.

The invention will now be explained in more detail by the following non-limiting examples.

Examples:

1. Baking behavior of soybeans

The casserole behavior of soybeans whose seeds were treated with triticonazole or a combination of triticonazole and fipronil was investigated. For this purpose, seeds of the variety "Conquista" with triticonazole (used as FS formulation with a concentration of 200g / l; 25 g or 50 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) or with triticonazole in the above formulation and amount and then immediately with fipronil (used as FS formulation at a concentration of 250 g / l, 50 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) treated by means of the seed treatment machine HEGE11. The seeds were sown the same day. After seven days, it was examined how many seeds had been planted. The results are listed in the table below. A value of 100% means that plants have formed from all seeded seeds.

Table 1 :

as = active substance

2. Vitality of the plants 14 days after sowing

Seeds of the variety "Conquista" were either with tritconazole alone (50 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) or with a combination of triticonazole and fipronil (fipronil: 50 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) or triticonazole used in combination with fipronil and gibberellic acid (gibberellic acid as 90% active ingredient concentrate in a mixture of water and acetone, 1 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) treated as described above and then seeded. 14 days after sowing, the vitality of the plants was examined optically. The results are listed in the table below. The vitality is determined by optical comparison of plants from untreated seeds with plants from treated seeds. The criteria used were the above criteria (a) to (q), in particular the robustness of the plant, the color intensity of the leaves, the size of the leaves (leaf area), the size of the plant, the density of the plants, the length of the stem, possible necroses and the overall visual impression of the plant, and graded on a scale from 0 to 10. Plants from untreated seeds receive the value 5. An improvement of 20% of the averaged overall impression of the plants compared to plants from untreated seeds means a value of 6, an improvement of 40% a value of 7, etc., while a deterioration compared to Plants from untreated Seeds by 20% means 4, deterioration by 40% means 3, etc.

Table 2:

as = active substance

3. Linear state 14 days after sowing

The linear state indicates the number of plants per meter and is a measure of how many plants will survive some time after emergence. Seeds of the variety "Conquista" were treated as in Example 1. 14 days after sowing, the number of plants per meter was counted and averaged. The results are listed in the table below.

Table 3:

as = active substance

4. Fungicidal activity against soybean rust

The following experiments show that the use of triticonazole in combination with fipronil or with fipronil and gibberellic acid leads to no significant deterioration and in some cases even an improvement in the fungicidal activity of triticonazole. Seeds of the variety "Conquista" were treated in accordance with Example 2. delt. After emergence, the plants were inoculated four times, 7 days apart, with spores of Phakopsora pachyrhizi (5 x 10 ⁵ spores per ml). At 21 and 35 days after sowing, the extent of infection was visually assessed. The visually determined values for the percentage of affected leaf areas are listed in the following tables.

Table 4: Extent of infection in the lower part of the plant 21 days after sowing

as = active substance

Table 5: Extent of infection in the lower part of the plant 35 days after sowing

as = active substance

Table 6: extent of infection of the leaves in the middle part of the plant 35 days after sowing

as = active substance

5. Baking behavior in wheat

The emergence behavior of wheat plants whose seeds have been treated with triticonazole and Prochorraz or with a combination of triticonazole, prochloraz and fipronil was investigated. For this purpose, wheat seed with triticonazole (5 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) and prochloraz (12 g of active ingredient per 100 kg of seed) or with triticonazole and prochloraz each in the amount indicated above and then immediately with fipronil (50 g of active ingredient per 100 kg Seeds) by means of the seed treatment machine HEGE1 1. The seeds were sown the same day. After 71 days it was examined how many seeds were produced. The results are listed in the table below. A value of 100% means that plants have formed from all seeded seeds.

Table 7:

as = active substance

Claims

claims

1. Use of insecticides selected from GABA antagonists and nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists, optionally in combination with at least one gibberellin, as safeners for fungicides containing a phytotoxic

Effect on plants, seeds or plants grown in a medium treated therewith.

2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the GABA antagonists are selected from acetoprole, endosulfan, ethiprole, fipronil, vaniliprole, pyrafluprole, pyrrole and the Phenylpyrazolverbindung of formula F ¹

3. Use according to claim 2, wherein the GABA antagonist is fipronil.

Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists are selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam.

Use according to claim 4, wherein the nicotinic receptor agonists / antagonists are selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam.

6. Use according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gibberellins are selected from gibberellin Ai, gibberellin A3, gibberellin A ₄ and Gibberel¬

Use according to claim 6, wherein the gibberellin is gibberellin A3.

8. Use according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fungicides are selected from azole fungicides.

9. Use according to claim 8, wherein the azole fungicides are selected from difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, imazalil, metconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol and triticonazole.

10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the azole fungicides are selected from epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, prochloraz and triticonazole.

1 1. Use according to claim 10, wherein the azole fungicides are selected from prochloraz and triticonazole.

12. Use according to claim 11, wherein the azole fungicide is triticonazole.

13. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fungicides are selected from strobilurin fungicides.

14. Use according to claim 13, wherein the strobilurin fungicides are selected from azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin and orysastrobin.

Use according to any one of the preceding claims, for improving the germination and / or emergence and / or vitality of plants treated with seeds or their growth medium with a fungicide as defined in any one of claims 1 or 8 to 14 or will.

Use according to claim 15 for improving the germination and / or creeping and / or vitality of plants whose seeds have been treated with a fungicide as defined in any of claims 1 or 8 to 14.

17. A method for reducing or preventing the phytotoxic effect of fungicides as defined in any one of claims 1 or 8 to 14 on plants or their seeds or their growth medium were or are treated with these fungicides, wherein the plant and / or their seed and / or growth medium containing at least one fungicide as defined in any one of claims 1 or 8 to 14 in combination with at least one insecticide as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 and optionally with at least one gibberellin as defined in one of claims 1, 6 or 7 treated.

18. A method according to claim 17, for reducing or preventing the phytotoxic effect of fungicides as defined in any of claims 1 or 8 to 14 on plants whose seeds have been treated with said fungicides. in which the seeds of the plants having at least one fungicide as defined in any one of claims 1 or 8 to 14 in combination with at least one insecticide as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 and optionally with at least one gibberellin as defined in any one of claims 1, 6 or 7 treated.

19. The method according to any one of claims 17 or 18, for improving the germination and / or the emergence and / or the vitality of plants.

20. Use or method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the plants are selected from soybean, corn, wheat, triticale, rye, oats, barley, rape, millet, rice, sunflower, cotton, sugar beet, stone fruit, pome fruit, citrus fruit, banana , Strawberry, blueberry, almond, grape, mango, papaya, peanut, potato, tomato, pepper, cucumber, pumpkin, melon, watermelon, garlic, onion, carrot, cabbage, bean, vegetable and cattle pea, lentil, alfalfa, clover, Flax, elephant grass, grass, lettuce, sugarcane, tea, tobacco and coffee.

21. Use or method according to claim 20, wherein the plants are selected from soybean, rapeseed, maize and wheat.

22. Use or method according to claim 21, wherein the plants are selected from soybean and wheat

23. Use or method according to claim 22, wherein the plants are transgenic or non-transgenic soybeans.

24. Composition comprising at least one GABA antagonist, at least one azole fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

25. Agent comprising at least one GABA antagonist, at least one azole fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

26. Composition containing at least one GABA antagonist, at least one strobilurin fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

27. Agent comprising at least one GABA antagonist, at least one strobilurin fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

28. A composition containing at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist, at least one azole fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

29. A composition containing at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist, at least one azole fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

30. Composition containing at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist, at least one strobilurin fungicide and optionally at least one gibberellin.

31. A composition comprising at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist, at least one strobilurin fungicide and at least one gibberellin.

32. Means according to any one of claims 24, 25, 28 and 29, wherein the at least one azole fungicide is selected from difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, imazalil, metconazole, prochloraz, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol and triticonazole ,

The agent of claim 32, wherein the at least one azole fungicide is selected from epoxiconazole, fluquinconazole, prochloraz and triticonazole.

34. A composition according to any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein said at least one nicotinic receptor agonist / antagonist is selected from acetamipride, clothianidin, dinofurane, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam.