EP2122178B1 - Air conditioning apparatus equipped with a compressor and a vortex - Google Patents

Air conditioning apparatus equipped with a compressor and a vortex Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2122178B1
EP2122178B1 EP08761940A EP08761940A EP2122178B1 EP 2122178 B1 EP2122178 B1 EP 2122178B1 EP 08761940 A EP08761940 A EP 08761940A EP 08761940 A EP08761940 A EP 08761940A EP 2122178 B1 EP2122178 B1 EP 2122178B1
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Prior art keywords
air
blades
axial
conditioner
flow
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EP08761940A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2122178A1 (en
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Georges Mugnier
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GENIUS
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GENIUS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/02Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps having non-centrifugal stages, e.g. centripetal
    • F04D17/025Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps having non-centrifugal stages, e.g. centripetal comprising axial flow and radial flow stages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/004Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being air

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The system has a unit (16) with a control valve that is adapted around another unit for regulating or non regulating the passage of hot air in addition with ambient air, where the latter unit includes an axial diffuser rectifier (15). Third unit (17) has a vortex to permit the acceleration of the air stream in a swirling effect before penetrating into a fourth unit. The fourth unit has an expansion chamber (18) producing the cold air for directing the air stream in a final air distributor to selected temperature conditions. The units are arranged in a connection and protection envelope. INDUSTRIAL STRANDARDS - The control valve is connected to a digital card controlled by a computer via a RS 232socket.

Description

L'invention se rattache au secteur technique des appareils climatiseurs à production réversible de distribution d'air chaud ou d'air froid.The invention relates to the technical sector of air conditioning units with reversible production of hot air distribution or cold air.

La technologie actuelle des climatiseurs et de leurs composants présente plusieurs inconvénients majeurs. Un premier est de générer en effet de condensation dû aux échanges thermiques inhérents à la compression de certains gaz. Un second inconvénient réside dans le fait que les climatiseurs actuels sont souvent associés à des fluides réfrigérant avec la production de gaz nocifs à l'environnement présentant un pouvoir de réchauffement beaucoup plus élevé que celui du CO2 (jusqu'à 2.000 fois plus), dont les fuites sont fréquentes et dont le recyclage en fin de vie est contenu. Bien qu'il y ait une utilisation de dispositif de filtration, il apparaît aussi que les systèmes actuels de climatisation sont parfois la source de développement et de la propagation de certaines bactéries qui provoquent des légionelloses. D'importantes recherches ont été menées par de très nombreux fabricants de climatiseurs, mais on constate en pratique que tout ou partie des inconvénients précités demeurent.The current technology of air conditioners and their components has several major disadvantages. A first is to generate condensation effect due to heat exchange inherent in the compression of certain gases. A second disadvantage is that current air conditioners are often associated with refrigerant fluids with the production of environmentally harmful gases with a much higher warming potential than CO2 (up to 2,000 times more), of which leaks are frequent and end-of-life recycling is contained. Although there is a use of filtration device, it also appears that current air conditioning systems are sometimes the source of development and spread of certain bacteria that cause legionellosis. Extensive research has been conducted by many manufacturers of air conditioners, but it is found in practice that some or all of the aforementioned disadvantages remain.

La démarche du demandeur a donc été de s'orienter sur une conception radicalement différente de celles des climatiseurs actuels pour s'affranchir notamment des problèmes de condensation et d'évacuation des condensats.The applicant's approach was therefore to focus on a concept radically different from that of current air conditioners to overcome the problems of condensation and condensate evacuation.

Aussi, le premier but recherché selon l'invention était de supprimer l'effet de condensation en ne faisant plus appel à des composants du climatiseur les générant, et donc sans utilisation de fluides réfrigérant.Also, the first object of the invention was to eliminate the effect of condensation by no longer using components of the air conditioner generating them, and therefore without the use of refrigerant fluids.

Un deuxième but recherché selon l'invention était de concevoir un nouveau climatiseur permettant d'éviter tout phénomène de risque de pollution de l'environnement.A second aim of the invention was to design a new air conditioner to avoid any risk of pollution of the environment.

Un troisième but recherché était de concevoir un climatiseur dans des conditions économiques de fabrication très concurrentielles par rapport aux climatiseurs actuels et pouvant trouver des applications très variées.A third goal sought was to design an air conditioner in economically competitive manufacturing conditions compared to current air conditioners and can find a wide variety of applications.

Un autre but recherché était de concevoir un climatiseur présentant dans son agencement nouveau une très facile adaptation de l'effet produit de chauffage et de refroidissement pouvant être commandés par pilotage informatique.Another object sought was to design an air conditioner having in its new arrangement a very easy adaptation of the heating and cooling effect produced that can be controlled by computer control.

Ces buts et d'autres encore ressortiront bien de la suite de la description.These and other goals will be apparent from the rest of the description.

Le concept utilisé par le climatiseur fait référence à l'utilisation de la mécanique des fluides sans adjonction de gaz pour assurer les fonctions recherchées. Ce concept est connu du document US 4051689 .The concept used by the air conditioner refers to the use of fluid mechanics without the addition of gas to perform the desired functions. This concept is known from the document US 4051689 .

Selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, le climatiseur est remarquable en ce qu'il comprend, disposés et agencés dans une enceinte de réception et successivement, un premier moyen sous forme d'un compresseur axial muni de pales sur sa périphérie et alimenté par un groupe moteur intégré entraînant la mise en circulation d'air à une vitesse donnée, un second moyen sous forme d'un stator redresseur axial ayant pour fonction de créer une pression statique supérieure à la pression atmosphérique en transférant la veine d'air obtenue dans un troisième moyen sous forme d'un compresseur centrifuge statique ayant pour fonction la création d'un flux rotationnel avec une pression statique fluctuant en fonction de l'élévation de température tout au long du flux, la veine d'air étant acheminée dans un quatrième moyen constitué par un redresseur diffuseur axial, ledit redresseur étant creux intérieurement pour la circulation d'air ambiant et ayant extérieurement pour fonction de redresser le flux tourbillonnaire en flux axial et de détendre la pression, et en ce qu'un cinquième moyen constitué par une vanne de transfert s'adapte autour du quatrième moyen pour réguler ou non le passage d'air chaud, avec adjonction d'air ambiant, et en ce qu'un sixième moyen constitué par un vortex permet l'accélération de la veine d'air dans un effet tourbillonnaire avant de pénétrer dans un septième moyen constitué par une chambre de détente produisant le froid, et diriger la veine d'air dans le distributeur d'air final aux conditions de températures choisies, et en ce que l'ensemble desdits moyens sont disposés dans une enveloppe de protection et de liaison.According to a first characteristic of the invention, the air conditioner is remarkable in that it comprises, arranged and arranged in a reception chamber and successively, a first means in the form of an axial compressor provided with blades on its periphery and powered by an integrated motor unit driving the circulation of air at a given speed, a second means in the form of an axial stator stator whose function is to create a static pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure by transferring the air stream obtained in a third means in the form of a static centrifugal compressor whose function is to create a rotational flow with a static pressure fluctuating as a function of the temperature rise throughout the flow, the air stream being conveyed in a fourth means constituted by an axial diffuser rectifier, said rectifier being hollow internally for the circulation of ambient air and having externally for the purpose of straightening the vortex flow in axial flow and to relax the pressure, and in that a fifth means constituted by a transfer valve fits around the fourth means for regulating or not the passage of hot air, with adding ambient air, and in that a sixth vortex means allows the vortex to accelerate in a vortex effect before entering a seventh means consisting of an expansion chamber producing the cold, and directing the air stream into the final air distributor at the selected temperature conditions, and in that all of said means are arranged in a protective envelope. on and liaison.

Ces caractéristiques et d'autres encore ressortiront bien de la suite de la description.These and other characteristics will be apparent from the rest of the description.

Pour fixer l'objet de l'invention illustrée d'une manière non limitative aux figures des dessins où :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une installation de climatiseur selon l'invention.
  • la figure 2 est une vue de l'ensemble des composants du climatiseur en situation de montage, l'enceinte de protection les intégrant n'étant pas représentée.
  • la figure 3 est une vue sensiblement similaire à la figure 2, mais avec la représentation en partie éclatée de la motorisation intégrée pour le fonctionnement du compresseur axial.
  • la figure 4 est une vue du premier moyen constitué par la compresseur axial selon une vue de face.
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus du compresseur axial selon la figure 4.
  • la figure 6 est une vue de dessus du second moyen constitué par le stator redresseur axial.
  • la figure 7 est une vue axonométrique du troisième moyen constitué par le compresseur centrifuge statique.
  • la figure 8 est une vue isométrique du troisième moyen selon la figure 7.
  • la figure 9 est une vue partielle du couloir défini par les pales successives selon une veine d'air à partir du compresseur centrifuge statique.
  • la figure 10 est une vue axonométrique du quatrième moyen constitué par le redresseur diffuseur axial.
  • la figure 11 est une vue en perspective du cinquième moyen constitué par la vanne transfert.
  • la figure 12 est une vue en perspective montrant l'assemblage du redresseur diffuseur axial sur la vanne transfert.
  • la figure 13 est une vue du sixième moyen constitué par le vortex.
  • la figure 14 est une vue montrant l'assemblage de l'ensemble compresseur axial stator redresseur axial et moteur.
  • la figure 15 est une vue montrant l'assemblage des composants dans l'enceinte de protection de la fixation, avant assemblage des deux demi-parties de ladite enceinte.
  • la figure 16 est une vue en perspective selon la figure 13 illustrant la conception du groupe moteur d'entraînement du compresseur axial.
  • la figure 17 est une vue selon la figure 16 du groupe moteur en perspective avec le montage du stator redresseur axial.
For fixing the object of the invention illustrated in a nonlimiting manner to the figures of the drawings where:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of an air conditioner installation according to the invention.
  • the figure 2 is a view of all the components of the air conditioner in mounting situation, the protective enclosure incorporating them not being shown.
  • the figure 3 is a view substantially similar to the figure 2 , but with the partly exploded representation of the integrated motor for the operation of the axial compressor.
  • the figure 4 is a view of the first means constituted by the axial compressor in a front view.
  • the figure 5 is a top view of the axial compressor according to the figure 4 .
  • the figure 6 is a view from above of the second means constituted by the axial stator stator.
  • the figure 7 is an axonometric view of the third means constituted by the static centrifugal compressor.
  • the figure 8 is an isometric view of the third means according to the figure 7 .
  • the figure 9 is a partial view of the corridor defined by the successive blades in a vein of air from the static centrifugal compressor.
  • the figure 10 is an axonometric view of the fourth means constituted by the axial diffuser rectifier.
  • the figure 11 is a perspective view of the fifth means constituted by the transfer valve.
  • the figure 12 is a perspective view showing the assembly of the axial diffuser rectifier on the transfer valve.
  • the figure 13 is a view of the sixth means constituted by the vortex.
  • the figure 14 is a view showing the assembly of the axial compressor assembly stator axial rectifier and motor.
  • the figure 15 is a view showing the assembly of the components in the protection enclosure of the fastener, before assembly of the two half-parts of said enclosure.
  • the figure 16 is a perspective view according to the figure 13 illustrating the design of the axial compressor drive motor unit.
  • the figure 17 is a view according to the figure 16 of the motor group in perspective with the mounting of the axial stator stator.

Afin de rendre plus concret l'objet de l'invention, on le décrit maintenant d'une manière non limitative illustrée aux figures des dessins.In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is now described in a nonlimiting manner illustrated in the figures of the drawings.

L'appareil climatiseur selon l'invention est représenté dans son ensemble par (A), et s'intègre dans une installation (I) représentée figure 1. L'appareil climatiseur est intégré dans un carter de protection extérieur (1) agencé avec des étriers de fixation (1a) ou tous autres moyens supports de fixation. Ce carter a une forme parallélépipédique par exemple, et comprend des flasques latéraux d'extrémité (1b) (1c) à partir desquels sont disposés des moyens connus en soi, à savoir à partir du flasque (1b) un conduit (2) débordant dans un distributeur d'air (3) double flux, une vanne de distribution d'air (4) débordant dans un conduit (5) associé à une canalisation d'entrée (6) fixée sur un plan support (P) approprié, mur ou autre. Ce conduit distributeur d'air reçoit aussi un dispositif de filtration carbone (7) de purification pour l'entrée d'air. En sortie du climatiseur, se trouve à partir du flasque (1c) un conduit (8) de sortie d'air chaud ou froid débordant sur une canalisation (9) de sortie et d'évacuation fixée aussi sur le plan support (P) approprié.The air conditioner apparatus according to the invention is represented as a whole by (A), and integrates into an installation (I) shown figure 1 . The air-conditioning unit is integrated in an outer protective casing (1) arranged with fixing brackets (1a) or any other means of fixing brackets. This housing has a parallelepipedal shape for example, and comprises side end flanges (1b) (1c) from which are disposed means known per se, namely from the flange (1b) a conduit (2) projecting into a double-flow air distributor (3), an air distribution valve (4) projecting into a duct (5) associated with an inlet duct (6) fixed on a suitable support plane (P), wall or other. This air distributor duct also receives a carbon filtration device (7) purification for the air inlet. At the outlet of the air conditioner, is located from the flange (1c) a duct (8) of hot or cold air outlet overflowing on a pipe (9) outlet and discharge also fixed on the support plane (P) appropriate .

Il convient dès lors d'exposer les caractéristiques du climatiseur et de ses différents éléments constitutifs.It is therefore necessary to describe the characteristics of the air conditioner and its various constituent elements.

Ce climatiseur comprend une pluralité de moyens disposés et agencés successivement en alignement dans une enceinte de réception (10), elle-même intégrée et protégée par le carter (1) précité. Cette enceinte (2) est de configuration cylindrique par exemple en étant réalisée en deux demi-parties cylindriques (10a-10b) qui présentent le long de leur bordure longitudinale extérieure des bandes (10c) permettant par rapprochement leur liaison et fixation par des moyens du type boulonnage ou autres. Les différents composants du climatiseur sont ainsi positionnés et fixés les uns aux autres et aussi par rapport à ladite enceinte.This air conditioner comprises a plurality of means arranged and successively arranged in alignment in a receiving chamber (10), itself integrated and protected by the housing (1) above. This enclosure (2) is of cylindrical configuration for example by being made in two cylindrical half-portions (10a-10b) which have along their outer longitudinal edge strips (10c) allowing their connection and fixing by means type bolting or others. The different components of the air conditioner are thus positioned and fixed to each other and also relative to said enclosure.

Le climatiseur comprend ainsi :

  • un premier moyen (11) sous forme d'un compresseur axial muni de pales (11a) sur sa périphérie et alimenté par un groupe moteur (12) intégré entraînant la mise en circulation d'air à une vitesse donnée ;
  • un second moyen (13) sous forme d'un stator redresseur axial ayant pour fonction de créer une pression statique supérieure à la pression atmosphérique en transférant la veine d'air obtenue ;
  • dans un troisième moyen (14) sous forme d'un compresseur centrifuge statique ayant pour fonction la création d'un flux rotationnel avec une pression statique fluctuant en fonction de l'élévation de température tout au long du flux ;
  • un quatrième moyen (15) sous forme d'un redresseur diffuseur axial creux intérieurement pour la circulation d'air ambiant et ayant extérieurement pour fonction de redresser le flux tourbillonnaire en flux axial et de détendre la pression ;
  • un cinquième moyen (16) constitué par une vanne transfert s'adaptant sur le redresseur diffuseur d'air pour réguler ou non le passage d'air chaud avec adjonction d'air ambiant ;
  • un sixième moyen (17) constitué par un vortex permettant l'accélération de la veine d'air dans un effet tourbillonnaire ;
  • un septième moyen (18) disposé en bout du vortex et constituant une chambre de détente produisant le froid pour diriger la veine d'air dans le distributeur final d'air aux conditions de température choisie.
The air conditioner includes:
  • first means (11) in the form of an axial compressor provided with blades (11a) on its periphery and powered by an integrated motor unit (12) causing the circulation of air at a given speed;
  • second means (13) in the form of an axial stator stator whose function is to create a static pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure by transferring the air stream obtained;
  • in a third means (14) in the form of a static centrifugal compressor whose function is to create a rotational flow with a static pressure fluctuating as a function of the rise in temperature throughout the flow;
  • fourth means (15) in the form of an internally hollow axial diffuser rectifier for the circulation of ambient air and having the function externally of straightening the vortex flow in axial flow and of relieving the pressure;
  • fifth means (16) constituted by a transfer valve fitting on the air diffuser rectifier to regulate or not the passage of hot air with the addition of ambient air;
  • a sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex allowing the acceleration of the air stream in a vortex effect;
  • a seventh means (18) disposed at the end of the vortex and constituting an expansion chamber producing the cold to direct the air stream into the final air distributor at the selected temperature conditions.

Il convient dès lors de décrire chacun desdits moyens (11 à 18) de manière plus spécifique en se référant aux figures des dessins.It is therefore appropriate to describe each of said means (11 to 18) more specifically with reference to the figures of the drawings.

Les différents moyens (11 à 18) sont ainsi représentés en ordre de montage aux figures 2 et 3, la figure 3 illustrant le groupe moteur intégré et associé au compresseur axial.The various means (11 to 18) are thus represented in order of assembly to Figures 2 and 3 , the figure 3 illustrating the integrated motor group and associated with the axial compressor.

Le premier moyen (11) est ainsi le compresseur axial représenté aux figures 4 et 5. Il comprend un corps cylindrique (11b) recevant sur sa périphérie une pluralité de pales (11a), réalisées par exemple en aluminium, et en partie avant (11c) en forme d'ogive. Lesdites pales sont traitées sur la surface de leur intrados par grenaillage à la bille de verre, ce traitement ayant pour fonction de durcir la surface correspondante pour restituer un fluage créé par la rotation du compresseur formant rotor et évitant la déformation des triangles de vitesse sur les pales. Le compresseur axial est ainsi monté sur un axe conique (12a) au groupe moteur illustré figure 16. Lesdites pales (11a) ont une configuration en hélice avec des profils de base en regard (11a1) de deux pales adjacentes divergentes pour améliorer le flux de vitesse de l'air. Le calcul des triangles de vitesse des pales est conçu de telle façon qu'il produit un flux d'air cylindrique axial de vitesse élevée. La répartition des veines d'air tout au long de la pale reste constante, sur un même axe, de façon à ne pas perturber la masse d'air en général. Le groupe moteur (12) illustré figure 16 comprend ainsi un arbre (12b) associé au moteur (12c) et carter de protection (12d), une bride de fixation (12e) du moteur. En extrémité, l'arbre (12b) présente une tête conique (12a) pour la réception support du compresseur axial (11). La liaison du compresseur axial (11) sur ladite partie conique est établie de toute manière appropriée, le compresseur axial étant agencé de manière complémentaire pour s'adapter.The first means (11) is thus the axial compressor represented in FIGS. Figures 4 and 5 . It comprises a cylindrical body (11b) receiving on its periphery a plurality of blades (11a), made for example of aluminum, and front portion (11c) in the form of ogive. Said blades are treated on the surface of their underside by glass-ball blasting, this treatment having the function of hardening the corresponding surface to restore a creep created by the rotation of the rotor compressor and avoiding the deformation of the speed triangles on the blades. The axial compressor is thus mounted on a conical axis (12a) to the engine group illustrated figure 16 . Said blades (11a) have a helical configuration with facing base profiles (11a1) of two diverging adjacent blades to improve the flow of air velocity. The calculation of the speed triangles of the blades is designed in such a way that it produces a high speed axial cylindrical air flow. The distribution of the air veins along the blade remains constant, on the same axis, so as not to disturb the air mass in general. The motor group (12) illustrated figure 16 thus comprises a shaft (12b) associated with the motor (12c) and protective casing (12d), a fixing flange (12e) of the motor. At the end, the shaft (12b) has a conical head (12a) for receiving support of the axial compressor (11). The connection of the axial compressor (11) to said conical portion is established in any suitable manner, the axial compressor being arranged complementary to fit.

Le second moyen (13) est le stator diffuseur axial qui est fixé et solidarisé à l'enveloppe (10) par tous moyens de liaison appropriés. Ce second moyen (13) est situé sur la partie d'arbre (12c) entre la bride de fixation (12e) et la partie conique (12a).The second means (13) is the axial diffuser stator which is fixed and secured to the casing (10) by any appropriate connecting means. This second means (13) is located on the shaft portion (12c) between the attachment flange (12e) and the conical portion (12a).

Le stator diffuseur comprend 10 pales (13a) par exemple en aluminium. De préférence, la liaison avec l'enveloppe (11) s'effectue par l'extrémité des pales (13a). Ces pales (13a) sont disposées dans le prolongement des pales (11a) formées sur le compresseur, mais contrairement à celles-ci qui ont une configuration en hélice, les pales (13a) sont disposées dans le sens axial longitudinal du stator redresseur axial. Elles ont une configuration symétrique avec une entrée (13a1) progressive, et une seconde partie (13a2) dégressive, de sorte à former un profil en goutte d'eau. Ainsi qu'il apparaît figure 6, l'examen des deux pales successives montre une entrée de profils convergents, puis en sortie en profils divergents avec une zone intermédiaire de rétrécissement avec un col (13a3). La configuration avant dans la première section des pales permet une accélération du flux d'air et de sa vitesse, tandis que la seconde partie provoque une chute importante de la vitesse et contribue à l'élévation du gradient de pression. La forme géométrique repliée des pales (13a) donne une orientation convenable au flux d'air avant l'admission au moyen suivant, à savoir le compresseur centrifuge statique. Ce stator redresseur axial comporte des chambres de tranquillisation se situant en amont et en aval de lui-même, ces moyens n'étant pas représentés. Le but de ces chambres est de créer une pression statique supérieure à la pression atmosphérique.The diffuser stator comprises 10 blades (13a) for example of aluminum. Preferably, the connection with the envelope (11) is effected by the end of the blades (13a). These blades (13a) are arranged in the extension of the blades (11a) formed on the compressor, but unlike these which have a helical configuration, the blades (13a) are arranged in the longitudinal axial direction of the axial stator stator. They have a symmetrical configuration with a progressive entry (13a1), and a second part (13a2) degressive, so as to form a teardrop profile. As it appears figure 6 , the examination of the two successive blades shows an entry of convergent profiles, then out of divergent profiles with an intermediate zone of narrowing with a neck (13a3). The front configuration in the first section of the blades allows an acceleration of the air flow and its speed, while the second part causes a significant drop in speed and contributes to the elevation of the pressure gradient. The folded geometrical shape of the blades (13a) gives a suitable orientation to the flow of air before admission to the following means, namely the static centrifugal compressor. This axial stator stator comprises plenums located upstream and downstream of itself, these means not being represented. The purpose of these chambers is to create a static pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure.

Il convient dès lors d'exposer le troisième moyen ( 14) constitué par un compresseur centrifuge statique représenté aux figures 7, 8 et 9.It is therefore appropriate to describe the third means (14) consisting of a static centrifugal compressor shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9 .

Ce compresseur (14) comprend un corps tubulaire (14a) s'ajustant autour du bloc moteur (12) et recevant selon une caractéristique particulière deux séries de pales primaires (14b) et secondaires (14c) de caractéristiques différentes. La première série de pales (14b) comprend cinq pales disposées en hélice à géométrie et à pas variable. Ces pales primaires (14b) sont développées de manière à faire un tour complet autour du corps (14a) récepteur dans la configuration représentée figure 9. Lesdites pales sont initialement parallèles entre elles selon un espace préétabli pour permettre le positionnement de l'autre série de pales secondaires (14c) établies selon une amplitude bien moindre. Lesdites pales secondaires ont une configuration vrillée correspondant au profil de démarrage des pales primaires (14b), lesdites pales (14c) étant de longueur moindre dans un rapport du 1 à 2 ou de 1 à 3. Ainsi, dans la partie avant du compresseur centrifuge statique, on distingue le positionnement de l'ensemble des pales (14b-14c) disposées en alternance avec un écartement identique. Compte tenu de la longueur beaucoup plus réduite des pales secondaires, l'autre extrémité du compresseur centrifuge statique ne fait apparaître que les extrémités des pales primaires. Il y a donc un resserrement de l'espace établi entre les pales successives (14b) créant le flux tourbillonnaire. Les parties d'entrée des pales (14b-14c) sont toutes dans le sens axial longitudinal du corps, tandis que les extrémités de sortie arrière des pales primaires se trouvent être dans un plan radial. Il y a lieu d'observer aussi que, pour faciliter la circulation du fluide d'air, les extrémités avant et arrière de tous types de pales sont effilées.This compressor (14) comprises a tubular body (14a) fitting around the engine block (12) and receiving according to a particular characteristic two sets of primary (14b) and secondary (14c) blades of different characteristics. The first series of blades (14b) comprises five blades arranged helically with geometry and variable pitch. These primary blades (14b) are developed so as to make a complete revolution around the receiving body (14a) in the configuration shown figure 9 . Said blades are initially parallel to each other in a pre-established space to allow positioning of the other series of secondary blades (14c) established at a much lower amplitude. Said secondary blades have a twisted configuration corresponding to the starting profile of the primary blades (14b), said blades (14c) being of less length in a ratio of 1 to 2 or 1 to 3. Thus, in the front part of the centrifugal compressor statically, one distinguishes the positioning of the set of blades (14b-14c) arranged alternately with an identical spacing. Given the much shorter length of the secondary blades, the other end of the static centrifugal compressor only shows the ends of the primary blades. There is therefore a tightening of the space established between the successive blades (14b) creating the swirling flow. The inlet portions of the blades (14b-14c) are all in the longitudinal axial direction of the body, while the rear outlet ends of the primary blades are in a radial plane. It should also be noted that, to facilitate the circulation of the air fluid, the front and rear ends of all types of blades are tapered.

La surface de chaque côté de la pale est concave sans traitement de surface particulier. Ainsi, le compresseur centrifuge statique (14) permet de transformer le flux d'air axial en provenance du moyen (13) en un flux rotationnel afin d'accélérer celui-ci, tout en conservant la pression statique établie à la sortie du stator diffuseur axial (13).The surface of each side of the blade is concave without special surface treatment. Thus, the static centrifugal compressor (14) makes it possible to transform the axial air flow coming from the means (13) into a rotational flow in order to accelerate it, while maintaining the static pressure established at the outlet of the diffuser stator. axial (13).

La centrifugation est obtenue par le renversement du flux d'air axial le long des pales et la combinaison des effets tourbillonnaires donnés par les différents types de pales.Centrifugation is achieved by reversing the axial airflow along the blades and combining the swirling effects given by the different types of blades.

Les pales sont construites par projection de plusieurs surfaces non réglées d'après l'élaboration des triangles de vitesse sur la génératrice du centre de masse et du centre inertiel de chaque surface. Ces surfaces sont ensuite projetées par enroulement sur la surface définitive de chaque pale, afin de donner un effet giratoire au flux d'air. Dès que le flux rotationnel est créé, il s'ensuit une augmentation de pression sur les surfaces, due à la force de centrifugation créée par l'enroulement du flux et par la retrainte du conduit convergent entre les surfaces d'appui. Dans cette phase, la pression statique fluctue en fonction de l'élévation de température tout au long du trajet.The blades are constructed by projecting several unregulated surfaces according to the development of velocity triangles on the generatrix of the center of mass and the inertial center of each surface. These surfaces are then projected by winding on the final surface of each blade, to give a gyratory effect to the flow of air. As soon as the rotational flow is created, there is an increase in pressure on the surfaces, due to the centrifugal force created by the winding of the flow and the restreatment of the convergent duct between the bearing surfaces. In this phase, the static pressure fluctuates as a function of the temperature rise throughout the journey.

Il convient d'exposer les caractéristiques du quatrième moyen (15) constitué par le redresseur diffuseur axial représenté figure 10. Ce dernier est situé en prolongement axial du moyen (14). Il est constitué par un corps cylindrique creux (15a) susceptible d'entourer le bloc moteur (12c), en laissant circuler de l'air ambiant. Sur sa périphérie, le redresseur diffuseur axial présente une pluralité de pales (15b) par exemple en aluminium au nombre de 14, disposées dans une configuration curviligne. Les pales en zone d'entrée ont un intervalle de séparation de distance inférieure à celle existante en extrémité arrière desdites pales, créant un effet divergent, et l'orientation des pales en extrémité arrière se situe dans l'axe longitudinal du redresseur. La zone d'entrée de l'air en provenance du moyen (14) est établie pour être dans le prolongement de la sortie d'air en provenance du moyen (14). Ce moyen (15) a pour but de redresser le flux d'air tourbillonnaire en flux axial et de détendre légèrement la pression, afin d'abaisser la température de l'air circulant avant admission dans le sixième moyen (17) constitué par un vortex. Le redresseur (15) est à position fixe dans l'enveloppe (10) en étant fixé de toute manière appropriée.The characteristics of the fourth means (15) constituted by the axial diffuser rectifier shown in FIG. figure 10 . The latter is located in axial extension of the means (14). It is constituted by a hollow cylindrical body (15a) capable of surrounding the motor unit (12c), by circulating ambient air. On its periphery, the axial diffuser rectifier has a plurality of blades (15b) for example of aluminum 14 in number, arranged in a curvilinear configuration. The blades in the entrance zone have a range separation distance smaller than that existing at the rear end of said blades, creating a divergent effect, and the orientation of the blades at the rear end is in the longitudinal axis of the rectifier. The air inlet area from the means (14) is set to be an extension of the air outlet from the means (14). This means (15) is intended to straighten the vortex flow in axial flow and to slightly relax the pressure, in order to lower the temperature of the circulating air before admission into the sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex. The rectifier (15) is fixed in the envelope (10) by being fixed in any suitable manner.

Ce redresseur diffuseur axial est susceptible de coopérer et de permettre le positionnement et l'emmanchement d'un cinquième moyen (16) constitué par une vanne transfert. Celle-ci présente un corps cylindrique (16a) venant s'emmancher dans le corps (15a) du redresseur (15), et elle présente une collerette (16b) débordante de configuration cylindrique. Cette collerette en forme de couronne est aménagée avec une pluralité de lumières (16c) autorisant un passage et une circulation d'air dans le corps (16a). Sur la couronne (16b) est rapportée et positionnée une bague (20) de forme complémentaire susceptible d'être pivotée angulairement par rapport à ladite couronne (16b). A cet effet, la bague présente elle-même des parties pleines (20a) en forme de cache qui ont des formes et dimensions complémentaires aux lumières (16c) pour les obturer en tout ou partie selon la position de la bague sur la couronne (16b). Un moyen de réglage (21) et d'entraînement de la bague sur la couronne est ainsi disposé sur le corps du redresseur (15) pour permettre l'orientation angulaire appropriée de la vanne transfert. Selon le degré d'ouverture et de fermeture de la vanne transfert, on permet l'introduction et le mélange d'air ambiant avec l'air produit et chauffé par les différents moyens décrits précédemment.This axial diffuser rectifier is capable of cooperating and allowing the positioning and fitting of a fifth means (16) constituted by a transfer valve. It has a cylindrical body (16a) coming into the body (15a) of the rectifier (15), and it has a flange (16b) projecting cylindrical configuration. This ring-shaped collar is arranged with a plurality of lights (16c) allowing a passage and an air flow in the body (16a). On the ring (16b) is reported and positioned a ring (20) of complementary shape may be rotated angularly relative to said ring (16b). For this purpose, the ring itself has solid parts (20a) in the form of a cover which have shapes and dimensions complementary to the slots (16c) for closing them in whole or in part according to the position of the ring on the ring (16b). ). Adjusting means (21) and driving the ring on the ring gear is thus disposed on the body of the rectifier (15) to allow the appropriate angular orientation of the transfer valve. Depending on the degree of opening and closing of the transfer valve, it is possible to introduce and mix ambient air with the air produced and heated by the various means described above.

Il convient dès lors d'exposer le sixième moyen (17) constitué par un vortex. Celui-ci correspond au disque cylindrique (17a) creux dans sa partie centrale et recevant une pluralité de pales (17b) par exemple en aluminium, au nombre de 10 par exemple. Ces pales sont disposées en étoile avec une configuration en tronc de cône. Ce vortex a pour fonction de donner une vitesse stable et constante au flux d'air par un mouvement de rotation entre les pales, et il prépare le transfert de flux d'air produit dans la chambre de détente (18) produisant le froid disposée en aval. Celle-ci présente une configuration cylindrique avec un nez (18a) en ogive.It is therefore appropriate to set out the sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex. This corresponds to the cylindrical disc (17a) hollow in its central part and receiving a plurality of blades (17b) for example of aluminum, 10 in number for example. These blades are arranged in a star configuration with a truncated cone. This vortex has the function of giving a stable and constant speed to the flow of air by a rotational movement between the blades, and it prepares the transfer of air flow produced in the expansion chamber (18) producing the cold disposed downstream. It has a cylindrical configuration with a nose (18a) ogive.

La climatisation ainsi constituée par l'ensemble de ces moyens permet la production d'air chaud ou froid selon des plages de températures adaptées en fonction des applications de l'invention, et ce, grâce à la combinaison des effets circulatoires d'air donnés par les différents moyens décrits.The air conditioning thus constituted by all these means allows the production of hot or cold air according to temperature ranges adapted according to the applications of the invention, and this, thanks to the combination of the circulatory effects of air given by the various means described.

Le groupe moteur et la vanne transfert, ainsi que leurs commandes, sont raccordés à une carte numérique pouvant être pilotée par ordinateur via une prise RS232 ou autre.The power unit and the transfer valve and their controls are connected to a computer-controlled digital card via an RS232 or other socket.

La climatisation selon l'invention répond aux différents problèmes posés. La configuration (11) de ces différents composants et moyens et le nombre de pales est donnée à titre d'exemple dans le cadre d'une optimisation de fonctionnement du climatiseur.The air conditioning according to the invention responds to the various problems posed. The configuration (11) of these various components and means and the number of blades is given as an example in the context of an optimization of operation of the air conditioner.

Ces moyens peuvent être fabriqués en matériau aluminium, mais aussi selon les applications des climatiseurs, ils peuvent être réalisés par moulage en matériau plastique et composite ou autre, tenant compte des contraintes de fonctionnement.These means can be made of aluminum material, but also according to the applications of air conditioners, they can be made by molding plastic material and composite or other, taking into account the operating constraints.

Claims (13)

  1. Air-conditioner characterised in that it comprises, arranged and laid out in an accommodating structure (10), successively, a first means (11) in the form of an axial compressor equipped with blades (11a) around its periphery and powered by a built-in motor unit (12) which circulates air at a given velocity, a second means (13) in the form of an axial flow-straightening stator, the function whereof is to create a static pressure in excess of atmospheric pressure and to transfer the air stream obtained into a third means (14) in the form of a static centrifugal compressor whereof the function is to create a rotational flow with a static pressure which varies depending on the temperature rise along the flow, the air stream being routed through a fourth means (15) comprising an axial flow-straightener/diffuser, said flow straightener being internally hollow in order to circulate ambient air and fulfilling, externally, the function of straightening the turbulent flow into an axial flow and relieving the pressure and in that a fifth means (16) comprising a transfer valve adapts itself around the fourth means in order to regulate or not regulate the flow of hot air with the addition of ambient air and in that a sixth means (17) comprising a vortex makes it possible to accelerate the stream of air with a turbulence effect before it enters a seventh means (18) comprising an expansion chamber which produces cold and directing the air stream into the final air control valve under the selected temperature conditions,
    and in that all the means (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18) are arranged in a protective, connecting enclosure (10).
  2. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that first means (11) is an axial compressor comprising a cylindrical body (11b) which accommodates, around its periphery, a plurality of blades (11a) and a front shape (11c) like a propeller cone and in that the axial compressor is mounted on taper pin (12a) of the motor unit (12) and in that said blades (11a) have a helical configuration with two adjacent blades having opposite-facing base profiles (11a1) which diverge.
  3. Air-conditioner as claimed in claims 1 and 2, characterised in that motor unit (12) comprises a shaft (12b) associated with motor (12c), protective housing (12d) and a flange (12e) for mounting the motor and in that the end of shaft (12b) has a conical head (12a) to receive and support axial compressor (11) and in that connection of axial compressor (11) to said conical part is obtained in any appropriate manner.
  4. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that second means (13) is an axial diffuser stator which is attached and joined to enclosure (10) and in that second means (13) is located on the shaft part (12c) between mounting flange (12e) and conical part (12a) and in that it comprises blades (13a) arranged as an extension of blades (11a) formed on the compressor but, unlike the latter which have a helical configuration, blades (13a) are arranged in the axial longitudinal direction of the axial flow-straightening stator.
  5. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that blades (13a) have a symmetrical configuration with a gradual inlet (13a1) and a second tapered part (13a2) so as to form a teardrop profile and in that the position of two successive blades defines an inlet with convergent profiles and then an outlet with divergent profiles with an intermediate narrowed area with a neck (13a3).
  6. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the axial flow-straightening stator is designed with an upstream and downstream plenum chamber, the function whereof is to create a static pressure in excess of atmospheric pressure.
  7. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the third means (14) consists of a static centrifugal compressor which comprises a tubular body (14a) which fits around motor unit (12) and accommodates, according to one particular aspect, two series of primary blades (14b) and secondary blades (14c) having different characteristics.
  8. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the third means comprises a first series of blades (14b) with five blades arranged as a variable-geometry and variable-pitch helix, these primary blades (14b) being developed so as to make one complete revolution around accommodating body (14a) and in that said blades are initially parallel to each other with a preset gap in order to allow positioning of the other series of secondary blades (14c) which have a much smaller amplitude, and in that said secondary blades have a twisted configuration which corresponds to the start-up profile of primary blades (14b), said blades (14c) being shorter.
  9. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that the inlet parts of blades (14b-14c) are all in the longitudinal axial direction of the body whereas the rear outlet tips of the primary blades are located in a radial plane and in that the surface on each side of the blade is concave.
  10. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the fourth means (15) consists of an axial flow-straightener/diffuser positioned as an axial extension of means (14) and in that it consists of a hollow cylindrical body (15a) capable of surrounding motor unit (12c) and allowing ambient air to circulate and in that, on its periphery, the axial flow-straightener/diffuser has a plurality of blades (15b) in a curved configuration.
  11. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that the blades in the inlet area have a separation gap which is less than the gap at the rear tip of said blades, thereby creating a divergent effect and the rear tip of the blades is oriented along the longitudinal axis of the flow straightener and in that the inlet area for air originating from means (14) is designed to be an extension of the outlet for air originating from means (14),
  12. Air-conditioner as claimed in either claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the axial straightener/diffuser is capable of cooperating with and allowing positioning and fitting of a fifth means (16) consisting of a transfer valve, and in that means (16) has a cylindrical body (16a) which fits into the body (15a) of flow straightener (15) and it has a projecting skirt (16b) with a cylindrical configuration, and in that the crown-shaped skirt is designed with a plurality of slits (16c) which allow air to enter and circulate in body (16a), and in that, on crown (16b) there is a separately mounted and located ring (20) having a matching shape which is capable of being angularly swivelled relative to said crown (16b), and in that the ring has solid parts (20a) in the form of shutters which have shapes and dimensions which match slits (16c) in order to shut them wholly or partly depending on the position of the ring on crown (16b), and in that a means of adjusting (21) and driving the ring on the crown is provided on the body of flow straightener (15) in order to enable appropriate angular orientation of the transfer valve.
  13. Air-conditioner as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the sixth means (17) consists of a vortex, comprising a cylindrical disk (17a) with a central hollow part which accommodates a plurality of blades (17b), and in that the blades are arranged in a star shape with a truncated cone configuration, and in that the function of this vortex is to impart a stable, constant velocity to the airflow through rotational movement between the blades and it prepares for transfer of the airflow produced into expansion chamber (18) which is located downstream.
EP08761940A 2007-01-16 2008-01-15 Air conditioning apparatus equipped with a compressor and a vortex Not-in-force EP2122178B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0752698A FR2911386B1 (en) 2007-01-16 2007-01-16 AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS WITH COMPRESSOR AND VORTEX
PCT/FR2008/050069 WO2008099119A1 (en) 2007-01-16 2008-01-15 Air conditioning apparatus equipped with a compressor and a vortex

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EP2122178A1 EP2122178A1 (en) 2009-11-25
EP2122178B1 true EP2122178B1 (en) 2011-11-16

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EP (1) EP2122178B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2010515862A (en)
AT (1) ATE533945T1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2008099119A1 (en)

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FR2911386A1 (en) 2008-07-18
WO2008099119A1 (en) 2008-08-21
FR2911386B1 (en) 2009-03-06
JP2010515862A (en) 2010-05-13
ATE533945T1 (en) 2011-12-15
US20100172750A1 (en) 2010-07-08
EP2122178A1 (en) 2009-11-25

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