CN110081014B

CN110081014B - Centrifugal vortex tube with blades rotating

Info

Publication number: CN110081014B
Application number: CN201910344054.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 栾一刚; 张力敏; 梁恩广; 殷越; 王松
Original assignee: Harbin Engineering University
Current assignee: Harbin Engineering University
Priority date: 2019-04-26
Filing date: 2019-04-26
Publication date: 2021-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-26
Also published as: CN110081014A

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a centrifugal vortex tube with rotating blades, which comprises a flow guide cover, a centrifugal compressor, a support plate, a front-section tube, a middle-section tube, a tail-section tube, a throttling regulating valve and a gas collecting tube, wherein the outer ring of the flow guide cover is connected with the front-section tube, the support plate is connected with the inside of the flow guide cover, the centrifugal compressor is arranged between the support plate and the flow guide cover and connected with a transmission shaft, the front-section tube, the middle-section tube and the tail-section tube are sequentially connected, the tail-section tube is connected with the gas collecting tube, the head of the throttling regulating valve is arranged in the tail-section tube, the tail of the throttling regulating valve is a long straight tube, the long straight tube penetrates through the gas collecting tube and is communicated with the atmosphere, and the. The centrifugal vortex tube provided by the invention can generate compressed gas by depending on the centrifugal compressor of the centrifugal vortex tube, so that the centrifugal vortex tube can independently work, and has the advantages of less dependence on external equipment, small size limitation degree and stronger adjustability.

Description

Centrifugal vortex tube with blades rotating

Technical Field

The invention relates to a vortex tube.

Background

The vortex tube is a refrigerating device which can convert the energy of the input compressed gas to discharge cold air at one end and hot air at the other end. The factors influencing the heat exchange effect of the vortex tube mainly include the pressure of the introduced gas, the flow rate of the introduced gas and the flow rate of cold/hot gas. The higher the pressure of the introduced gas is, the higher the flow rate is, and the better the heat exchange effect is.

At present, the vortex tube mainly comprises a vortex generator, a hot end tube and a throttle valve. Compressed air from the outside generates free vortex after passing through a vortex generator (a plurality of nozzles which are arranged in a circle and are arranged along the tangential direction of the cross section of the hot end pipe), and the airflow generates heat exchange in the process of high-speed rotation and generates temperature gradient in the radial direction of the cross section. The gas temperature at the center of the vortex is lowest and increases in the radial direction.

Vortex tubes are divided into counter-flow and forward-flow types. In the counter-flow vortex tube, gas with higher temperature at the outer layer of the vortex is discharged outwards along the valve surface of the circular truncated cone-shaped throttle valve, and gas with lower temperature at the inner layer of the vortex moves in the opposite direction due to the blocking effect of the throttle valve and high-temperature gas and is discharged from the other end of the vortex tube; the throttle valve of the downstream vortex tube is provided with an opening penetrating through the valve body at the position of the axis, and the low-temperature gas in the vortex inner layer is discharged from the opening.

The throttle valves of the counterflow vortex tube and the cocurrent vortex tube have the function of adjusting the size of the high-temperature gas outlet. The cold/hot air flow rate can be achieved by adjusting the size of the high-temperature gas outlet. The size of a high-temperature gas outlet of the conventional vortex tube is mainly adjusted by retracting a circular truncated cone-shaped throttle valve.

The prior vortex tube does not have the capacity of independently generating compressed air, and needs an external air compressor, an air storage cylinder and other equipment to provide compressed air required by work for the vortex tube. Vortex tubes are often only used in applications where compressed gas is readily available. Therefore, the application range is narrow.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vane-spinning centrifugal vortex tube capable of independently generating compressed gas.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:

the invention relates to a centrifugal vortex tube with blades rotating, which is characterized in that: the centrifugal air compressor comprises a flow guide cover, a centrifugal air compressor, a support plate, a front section pipe, a middle section pipe, a tail section pipe, a throttling regulating valve and a gas collecting pipe, wherein the front section pipe is connected with the outer ring of the flow guide cover, the support plate is connected with the inner part of the flow guide cover, the centrifugal air compressor is installed between the support plate and the flow guide cover, the centrifugal air compressor is connected with a transmission shaft, the front section pipe, the middle section pipe and the tail section pipe are sequentially connected, the tail section pipe is connected with the gas collecting pipe, the head part of the throttling regulating valve is installed in the tail section pipe, the tail part of the throttling regulating valve is a long straight pipe, the long straight pipe penetrates through the gas collecting pipe to be.

The present invention may further comprise:

1. the adjusting block is arranged on the outer side of the head of the throttling adjusting valve, the block is arranged in the gas collecting pipe, an adjusting hole is formed between the blocks, the adjusting block is matched with the adjusting hole by rotation of the head of the throttling adjusting valve, so that the flow of airflow on the outer side of the tail pipe is controlled, and the gas collecting pipe is provided with an opening communicated with the adjusting hole.

2. The outside of the support plate is provided with a guide vane.

3. Vane cyclones are arranged between the front section pipe and the middle section pipe and between the middle section pipe and the tail section pipe.

The invention has the advantages that: the centrifugal vortex tube provided by the invention can generate compressed gas by depending on the centrifugal compressor of the centrifugal vortex tube, so that the centrifugal vortex tube can independently work, and has the advantages of less dependence on external equipment, small size limitation degree and stronger adjustability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a centrifugal compressor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vane swirler;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a throttle valve;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a throttle valve;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a header;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a header;

fig. 10 is a combined schematic of a header and a throttle valve.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

with reference to fig. 1 to 10, the present invention relates to a centrifugal vortex tube with blades rotating, which mainly comprises: the device comprises a flow guide cover 2, a centrifugal compressor 3, a support plate 4, a front section pipe 5, a middle section pipe 6, a tail section pipe 8, a throttling regulating valve 9 and a gas collecting pipe 10; the transmission shaft 1 is used for being connected with a driving motor and driving the centrifugal compressor 3 to rotate; the centrifugal compressor 3 is positioned between the air guide sleeve 2 and the support plate 4, and the periphery of the support plate 4 is provided with a guide vane 4.1; vane cyclones 7 are arranged between the front-section pipe 5 and the middle-section pipe 6, and between the middle-section pipe 6 and the tail-section pipe 8; the throttle regulating valve 9 is positioned at the downstream of the last section pipe 8, and the tail part of the throttle regulating valve is provided with a long straight pipe 9.1 which is thinner than the valve body; the long straight pipe 9.1 passes through the center of the gas collecting pipe 10, and the gas collecting pipe 10 is connected with the tail section pipe 8; blocks 9.2 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of a valve body of the throttling regulating valve 9, and the opening size between the block 9.2 and the block 10.1 on the gas collecting pipe 10 can be adjusted by rotating the long straight pipe 9.1, so that the distribution of cold and hot airflow flow can be realized; the guide sleeve 2 is connected with the support plate 4 to limit the centrifugal compressor 3; compressed gas required by the operation of the vortex tube is generated by a centrifugal compressor 3; the front section pipe 5 is connected to the air guide sleeve 2; flanges are arranged at the head ends and the tail ends of the front section pipe 5, the middle section pipe 6 and the tail section pipe 8 and are used for connecting other parts; the vane swirler 7 is positioned among the front-section pipe 5, the middle-section pipe 6 and the tail-section pipe 8; the periphery of the vane swirler 7 is provided with a flange used for connecting with other parts; an opening is arranged at the axis of the throttle regulating valve 9 and penetrates through the whole valve body; the opening size between the block 9.2 and the block 10.1 on the gas collecting pipe 10 can be adjusted by rotating the long straight pipe 9.1; the center of the gas collecting pipe 10 is penetrated; the inlet of the gas collecting pipe 10 is uniformly distributed with blocks 10.1, which not only have the function of adjusting the flow rate of high-temperature/low-temperature gas, but also have the function of supporting the shell of the gas collecting pipe 10; the upper part of the gas collecting pipe 10 is provided with an opening for discharging high-temperature gas to the outside.

The vortex generator of the vortex tube is a centrifugal compressor and a matched air guide sleeve and a supporting plate. The centrifugal compressor has the advantage of high single-stage pressure ratio, and the movement form of gas after passing through the centrifugal compressor and guide vanes on a support plate is circular movement taking a vortex tube as an axis and translation along the axial direction, namely, free vortex is formed. The rotating speed of the centrifugal compressor is 30000rpm, the pressure ratio is 3.0, and the flow rate is 1 kg/s.

The hot end pipe of the vortex tube adopts a sectional type, and the cyclone is arranged between the two sections of pipes, so that on one hand, the vortex can be stabilized, and the heat exchange process can be normally carried out; on the other hand, the resistance of the airflow can be properly increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Because the vortex tube adopts the concurrent flow type layout and the cold and hot air flows are discharged in the same direction, the traditional retraction type throttle valve can not meet the requirement. The throttle valve has an opening through the valve body in the axial direction, a thin long straight pipe at the tail end passes through the gas collecting pipe, cold gas is discharged to the outside along the axial direction, and the valve body can be rotated by rotating the thin pipe, so that the size of the opening of the high-temperature gas outlet is adjusted.

The high-temperature gas enters the gas collecting pipe along the radial direction of the cross section of the vortex tube and is discharged from other directions, and the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas are not interfered with each other in the discharging process.

Under the drive of the inducer of the centrifugal compressor 3, outside air enters the centrifugal compressor 3 through the air guide sleeve 2, and compressed air is discharged from the centrifugal compressor 3 in the radial direction and is converted into free vortex after being guided by the guide vanes 4.1 on the support plate 4. Free vortex flows in the front section pipe 5, the middle section pipe 6 and the end section pipe 8, energy exchange is carried out in the radial direction of the cross section of the vortex tube, energy is transferred from inside to outside, and as a result, a temperature gradient is generated in the radial direction, and the temperature of the inner side is lower than that of the outer side. In order to keep the stability of free vortex, a vane swirler 7 is arranged between each section of pipe, and meanwhile, the vane swirler 7 can increase the resistance of the airflow in the advancing process to a certain extent, and slow down the speed of the airflow in the axial direction, so that the time for the airflow to stay in the pipe is longer, and the heat exchange process is more sufficient. After the air flow reaches the throttle regulating valve 9, the air flow with lower temperature at the inner side is discharged to the outside from an opening penetrating through the axle center part of the throttle regulating valve 9; the air flow with higher temperature at the outside enters the air collecting pipe 10 along the valve surface of the throttle adjusting valve 9 and is discharged to the outside from the outlet of the air collecting pipe 10. The long straight pipe 9.1 at the tail part of the rotary throttle regulating valve 9 can regulate the size of a high-temperature gas outlet, and further regulate the flow ratio of cold gas to hot gas.

Claims

1. A centrifugal vortex tube with blades rotating is characterized in that: the centrifugal air compressor is connected with a transmission shaft, the front section pipe, the middle section pipe and the tail section pipe are sequentially connected, the tail section pipe is connected with the air collecting pipe, the head of the throttling regulating valve is installed in the tail section pipe, the tail part of the throttling regulating valve is a long straight pipe, the long straight pipe penetrates through the air collecting pipe to be communicated with the atmosphere, and through holes are formed in the head of the throttling regulating valve and are respectively communicated with the tail section pipe and the long straight pipe; vane cyclones are arranged between the front-section pipe and the middle-section pipe and between the middle-section pipe and the tail-section pipe;

the vortex tube adopts a downstream layout, and cold and hot air flows are discharged in the same direction; after the air flow reaches the throttling regulating valve, the air flow with lower temperature at the inner side is discharged to the outside from an opening penetrating through the axle center of the throttling regulating valve; and the air flow with higher temperature at the outer side enters the gas collecting pipe along the valve surface of the throttling regulating valve and is discharged to the outside from the outlet of the gas collecting pipe.

2. A centrifugal vortex tube with vanes rotating according to claim 1 wherein: the adjusting block is arranged on the outer side of the head of the throttling adjusting valve, the block is arranged in the gas collecting pipe, an adjusting hole is formed between the blocks, the adjusting block is matched with the adjusting hole by rotation of the head of the throttling adjusting valve, so that the flow of airflow on the outer side of the tail pipe is controlled, and the gas collecting pipe is provided with an opening communicated with the adjusting hole.

3. A centrifugal vortex tube with vanes rotating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the outside of the support plate is provided with a guide vane.