CN100589883C - Cone Core Supersonic Condensation Cyclone Separator - Google Patents
Cone Core Supersonic Condensation Cyclone Separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN100589883C CN100589883C CN200810011258A CN200810011258A CN100589883C CN 100589883 C CN100589883 C CN 100589883C CN 200810011258 A CN200810011258 A CN 200810011258A CN 200810011258 A CN200810011258 A CN 200810011258A CN 100589883 C CN100589883 C CN 100589883C
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- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明锥芯式超音速冷凝旋流分离器属于压力气体的膨胀制冷和冷凝分离技术领域。采用了向流道中插入锥芯的结构，由改变锥芯在各处的直径，形成截面渐缩、喉部相等段、截面渐扩的流道，这样就能采用等径内孔，而避免加工困难的渐扩型小锥管流道，更使自旋强度不致因扩径而减弱。本发明利用气体自身压力膨胀降温实现低温工况，并靠缩径使自旋增强产生强大的离心力场，分离之后压力可以回升，具有无运动件、不需外部驱动、节省能源、体积很小、成本低、运行稳定可靠等优点。适用于高压，小流量的混合气体的冷凝分离，天然气和石油气中重组分的分离等，由于体积小，更适用于空间受限(如海上平台)等场合。
The invention relates to a cone core type supersonic condensation cyclone separator, which belongs to the technical field of expansion refrigeration and condensation separation of pressurized gas. The structure of inserting the cone core into the flow channel is adopted, and the diameter of the cone core is changed at various places to form a flow channel with a tapered cross-section, an equal throat section, and a gradually expanding cross-section, so that the inner hole of equal diameter can be used without machining Difficult gradually expanding small tapered tube flow channel prevents the spin strength from being weakened due to diameter expansion. The invention uses the pressure of the gas itself to expand and cool down to achieve low temperature conditions, and relies on the shrinkage of the diameter to increase the spin to generate a strong centrifugal force field. After separation, the pressure can rise. It has no moving parts, no external drive, energy saving, small volume, Low cost, stable and reliable operation and other advantages. It is suitable for condensation separation of mixed gas with high pressure and small flow rate, separation of heavy components in natural gas and petroleum gas, etc. Due to its small size, it is more suitable for occasions with limited space (such as offshore platforms).
Description
Technical field
Conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention belongs to the swell refrigeration and the condensation separation technical field of pressed gas.The present invention is a kind of gas expand at a high speed cooling, state type condensation separating unit of separating heavy lime set in its high speed rotational flow field again of making.
Background technology
Utilize pressed gas pressure energy swell refrigeration, make heavy ends wherein be condensed into liquid, carry out gas-liquid separation then, to realize the separation of heavy ends in the mist.This technology can be widely used in the separation occasion of various mists, especially has using value in gas dehydration purification and lighter hydrocarbons recovery field.Conventional natural gas cryogenic technology often adopts " Bretton " circulation, and key equipment is the swell refrigeration machine, and turbo-expander, air wave refrigerating device or choke valve etc. are wherein arranged.Choke valve simple in structure, but it is the constant enthalpy step-down, pressure are can utilization rate very low, and cryogenic temperature is limited.The efficient of turbo-expander is higher, but Operations, Administration and Maintenance is numerous and diverse, and band liquid service ability is poor.The novel all-in-one refrigeration that develops simple and easy, durable, management easy to operate adds the separation technology, significant for fields such as natural gas processings.Shell Co. Ltd (Shell) is after buying the relevant patent that supersonic speed separates in 1997, further research and develop and put forth effort to be applied to natural gas processing, obtain some breakthroughs, successively to its Twister device application multinomial international monopoly (US 6513345B1, US2002/0194988A1, US 2003/0145724A1, WO 03/092850A1, WO 2004/020074 etc.).And in company of Petronas offshore gas field and Nigeria's gas field development, obtained checking in 2003 and use, still improving and improving at present.The Twister device of Shell Co. Ltd is mainly used in the dehydration of gases at high pressure, is that 7～15MPa and hydrocarbon condensing pressure surpass under the 5MPa condition at pressure, weight, body is long-pending and cost aspect bigger saving is arranged, at sea using has bigger advantage.Twister device tool no-movable part and need not add characteristics such as chemical agent, and can be unattended.But it is the big angle of sweep Yangtze River Delta wing that this device produces the parts of eddy flow, although have the high advantage of rotational flow separation efficient, easily produces shock wave near this member, destroys the low-temp low-pressure environment, causes the instability in condensation flow field.Xi'an Communications University proposes many air intake ducts supersonic speed rotational flow separation and back pressure device (ZL200610043158.2), a plurality of convergents or superonic flow nozzzle take place to adopt in its eddy flow, make the air-flow speedup, temperature is reduced to below the required degree of supercooling of moisture condensation, make condense in cold excessively atmosphere nucleation and growing up of heavy ends, high velocity air is along certain separating cyclone tube that tangentially enters simultaneously.But the drop that produces in this device nozzle easily makes the drop secondary volatilization of having condensed when injecting separator tube, cause unnecessary degree of supercooling loss; The gas velocity of jet expansion too high (velocity of sound or supersonic speed), spin intensity is excessive, has reduced stagnation pressure efficient.In addition, the supersonic speed rotational flow separation part of many air intake ducts supersonic speed rotational flow separation of the Twister of Shell and western Shanghai Communications University and back pressure device, all be to adopt the less increaser of angle, the difficulty of processing this smooth increaser is very big, and swirl strength can reduce with the increase of increaser diameter in the increaser, reduces gas-liquid separation effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simple in structure, handling ease, stable and reliable operation, pressure conversion efficiency higher, be used for the refrigeration that Mixed Gas Condensation separates and the conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of isolation integral.
The technical solution of conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention is: adopt the structure of inserting the awl core in runner, then making the cross section that comprises rotational flow generator, convergent rotation strengthening segment and condensation separation jet pipe, all is to ply in the centre the position and the annular that surrounds with outer casing inner wall by an awl core.
Because inserting the diameter of awl core can change arbitrarily throughout, therefore annular channel just is easy to form the structure of cross section convergent, throat's equal segments, cross section flaring, particularly at the supersonic speed divergent segment, can adopt the diminishing awl core of diameter and strategy that the jet pipe internal diameter remains unchanged, form along its length that top external diameter is constant, internal diameter constantly contracts circlet cross section reamer runner, the difficulty and the cost of processing flaring runner endoporus have not only been avoided, and the external diameter of runner remains unchanged, internal diameter dwindles, and interior eddy flow field strengthens more.This is as the effect of vortex tube, makes in the gas flow temperature of inner radius lowlyer, and dew point is lower and lime set is fully outer gets rid of separation, more helps improving the mass dryness fraction of working off one's feeling vent one's spleen.
In the conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention, the rotational flow field of centrifugation is to be produced by circumferentially uniform curved arc shape blade water conservancy diversion, these blades make gas tangentially enter acceleration channels, hole and inner core are the subsonic speed runner section of the awl that contracts outside, the radius reduction of runner is very fast, according to the conservation of angular momentum rule, the angular velocity of rotation of fluid can increase substantially, and can produce very strong centrifugal force field.
Conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention, surround the runner of passage section convergent, throat and flaring by the awl core of shell endoporus and insertion, fluid is accelerated to very high supersonic speed in runner, static temperature then drops to and the corresponding low temperature of Mach number, making wherein heavy ends cross condensation analyses, and the spin inwall of separated honeycomb duct of the high speed that is accompanied by air-flow, fine drop constantly runs foul of each other and grows up, and under the drive of air-flow flow further downstream.
Near the air-flow velocity maximum runner place, expansion turnover by endoporus, the Taper Pipe that continued access is inserted from the downstream, form the slit outlet of annular together in the socket of inner hole wall place, lime set film (containing a part of gas) water conservancy diversion with inwall goes out runner thus, enter in the fluid collection chamber and compile, discharge from liquid outlet again.The then most of Taper Pipe that continues that flows into of dry gas produces shock wave in its inlet back, and subsonic speed falls in speed, and pressure and temperature rises, and flows through the flaring runner of the Taper Pipe that continues again, the deceleration diffusion, and pressure and temperature gos up, and discharges from the dry gas outlet at last.
The design feature of conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention is:
1. convergent continues the endoporus runner isometrical and the plug-in type awl core of segmentation reducing.
Be directed to the runner endoporus and be difficult to process, be difficult to guarantee the intrinsic unfavorable of dimensional accuracy, fineness quality, invent out endoporus and only process subsonic speed convergent awl and cylindrical hole, the method that cooperates the awl core of interpolation vary in diameter, subsonic speed, throat and the divergent segment runner of ring-type have been realized, thereby avoided mach difficult point, obtained precision height, ganoid water passage surface easily.And such supersonic speed runner can improve the effect of gas-liquid separation because inwardly expansion can make interior eddy flow field stronger.And, reduce energy loss because the existence of inner cone can reduce gas rotation velocity gradient radially.And ring cross-section is compared with cylindrical cross-section, can shorten the radially settling height of drop.
2. gas enters the subsonic speed runner by rotational flow generator.
Gas radially enters several prerotation vane runners again after import enters pressure stabilizing cavity, form the passage of inside convergent between each blade, gas is quickened gradually, and tangentially enter the jet pipe runner by radially changing into.
3. the subsonic speed eddy flow that undergauge is bigger strengthens the awl section.
Because in the subsonic speed section, runner inner cone and inner core diameter can be dwindled simultaneously significantly, can not contract suddenly and guarantee that cross section of fluid channel is long-pending, therefore can realize the bigger footpath ratio that contracts, the angular speed amplification that makes the air-flow rotation more very, separating power is strengthened more.
4. dry gas is derived the structure that passage adopts quadratic extension.
Plug-in type gas after the lime set outlet is derived passage and is adopted continuous one section isometrical section afterwards of expansion slightly, and then the structure of expansion, the effect of expansion for the first time is to make near the terminal and supersonic speed that keeps of liquid outlet circumferential weld of condensation separation jet pipe, avoid the shock wave reach, cause condensation separation section influence on flow field.Carry out the transition to isometrical section from first expansion segment, dry gas stream decelerates to below the velocity of sound by weak oblique shock wave; And second expansion segment is only real diffuser section, and subsonic flow is in this constant entropy deceleration supercharging.If the runner parameter designing is good, the pressure of conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention falls can be less.
The beneficial effect that conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention reached is: do not need additionaling power, by simple structure, mist such as natural gas etc. self are expanded accelerate to supersonic speed, static temperature greatly reduces, thereby make the heavy ends condensation, and under the effect of the powerful centrifugal force field that produces, realize the separation of lime set at it.
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the profile of rotational flow generator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of interpolation awl core of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1, pressure gas inlet, 2, rotational flow generator, 3, the shell Taper Pipe, 4, awl core, 5, the shell column jecket, 6, drainage device, 7, support, 8, plug-in type gas is derived passage, and 9, the dry gas outlet, 10, leakage fluid dram, 11, liquid collecting cavity, 12, supersonic speed cooling separating flow tract, 13, throat's runner, 14, subsonic speed and eddy flow acceleration channels, 15, pressure stabilizing cavity, 16, the short awl section of awl core, 17, awl core short column section, 18, the long gradually fine cone section of awl core, 19, awl core buttress shaft section.
The specific embodiment
The conical core type supersonic condensing cyclone separator that the present invention proposes is mainly derived passage 8, liquid collecting cavity 11, supersonic speed cooling separating flow tract 12, throat's runner 13, subsonic speed and eddy flow acceleration channels 14 by rotational flow generator 2, shell Taper Pipe 3, awl core 4, shell column jecket 5, drainage device 6, support 7, plug-in type gas and pressure stabilizing cavity 15 is formed.
Quicken to be welded to form by different disks, shell Taper Pipe 3,5 segmentations of shell column jecket, then machining taper and cylindricality endoporus runner with the shell of separating flow tract.Drainage device 6 also is to be welded by shell, adapter and flange, after the machined with acceleration and separating flow tract by inside and outside hole circle cooperate contraposition, be threaded, the sealing of O type circle.The pressure stabilizing cavity 15 of inlet adopts flange to be connected with acceleration and separating flow tract, so that rotational flow generator 2 and awl core 4 are cleaned or change in dismounting.
Blade in the rotational flow generator 2 is that arc or arc add twisted blade, is generally 4～8, and thickness is 2～3 millimeters, and is circumferentially uniform, and short transverse is parallel with the separating flow tract axis, and blade subtended angle α is relevant with blade quantity, is generally 60～110 °.Adjacent blades constitutes air inlet runner, and the runner minimum sectional area is by blade minimum spacing w and blade height decision.The angle of throat of the shell Taper Pipe 3 of housing subsonic speed awl section is generally 20～50 °, and the cone angle of the short awl section 16 of the awl core of contraposition is generally 10～40 °.The shell column jecket 5 of housing supersonic speed section is isometrical cylindrical hole, and its length is 8～30 times of internal diameter, with the length of the awl core of its contraposition gradually the cone angle of fine cone section 18 be 1～8 °.The length of awl core short column section 17 is 2～20 millimeters, with the boundary line contraposition of shell Taper Pipe 3 and shell column jecket 5, forms the throat of runner.Plug-in type gas is derived passage 8 the secondary flaring, and first section angle of flare is 5～20 °, is thereafter the transition of isometrical endoporus section, and isometrical segment length is 3～30 millimeters, after connect second expansion segment, its angle of flare is 7～30 °.The part that interpolation awl core 4 occupies runner has four sections: the short awl section 16 of awl core surrounds subsonic speed and eddy flow acceleration channels 14 with the awl section of housing, awl core short column section 17 constitutes throat's runner 13 with awl, the post boundary section of housing, and the long endoporus shell of column of long gradually fine cone section 18 of awl core and housing surrounds the supersonic speed cooling separating flow tract 12 of flaring, the buttress shaft section 19 of back segment penetrates the centre bore of support 7, mainly plays the centering location and supports vibrationproof.
Pressed gas 1 enters the pressure stabilizing cavity 15 from entering the mouth, radially enter axial accelerating tube by rotational flow generator 2 runners, flow through subsonic speed earlier and eddy flow acceleration channels 14 makes air-flow accelerate to velocity of sound, and owing to radius reduces to quicken strong rotation, enter supersonic speed cooling separating flow tract 12 through throat's runner 13, over-one Mach number increases gradually, static temperature drops to very low, heavy ends in the gas are because of crossing cold condensation, again under the effect in the strong rotating centrifugal field of force centrifugal sedimentation to the wall of runner, form liquid film and downstream dirty, carry fraction gas from liquid outlet circumferential weld secretly and flow out in the drainage device 6, flow out leakage fluid dram 10 through liquid collecting cavity 11 washing away of air-flow.Dry gas then enters follow-up plug-in type gas and derives flow-path tube 8, earlier supersonic speed is become subsonic speed, continues diffusion then and slows down, and flows out from dry gas outlet 9.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810011258A CN100589883C (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Cone Core Supersonic Condensation Cyclone Separator |
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| CN200810011258A CN100589883C (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Cone Core Supersonic Condensation Cyclone Separator |
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| CN100589883C true CN100589883C (en) | 2010-02-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11460244B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2022-10-04 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | System and method for producing liquefied natural gas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11460244B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2022-10-04 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | System and method for producing liquefied natural gas |
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