FR2911386A1 - Air conditioning system for providing reversible production of distribution of hot or cold air, has unit with chamber producing cold air to direct air stream in distributor to temperature conditions, where units are arranged in envelope - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a unit (16) with a control valve that is adapted around another unit for regulating or non regulating the passage of hot air in addition with ambient air, where the latter unit includes an axial diffuser rectifier (15). Third unit (17) has a vortex to permit the acceleration of the air stream in a swirling effect before penetrating into a fourth unit. The fourth unit has an expansion chamber (18) producing the cold air for directing the air stream in a final air distributor to selected temperature conditions. The units are arranged in a connection and protection envelope. INDUSTRIAL STRANDARDS - The control valve is connected to a digital card controlled by a computer via a RS 232socket.

Description

AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS WITH COMPRESSOR AND VORTEX

  The invention relates to the technical sector of air conditioning units with reversible production of hot air distribution or cold air. The current technology of air conditioners and their components has several major disadvantages. A first is to generate condensation effect due to heat exchange inherent in the compression of certain gases. A second drawback is that current air conditioners are often associated with refrigerant fluids with the production of environmentally harmful gases with a much higher heating capacity than CO2 (up to 2,000 times more), of which leaks are frequent and end-of-life recycling is contained. Although there is a use of filtration device, it also appears that current air conditioning systems are sometimes the source of development and spread of certain bacteria that cause legionellosis. Extensive research has been conducted by many manufacturers of air conditioners, but it is found in practice that some or all of the aforementioned disadvantages remain. The applicant's approach was therefore to focus on a concept radically different from that of current air conditioners to overcome the problems of condensation and condensate evacuation.

  Also, the first object of the invention was to eliminate the effect of condensation by no longer using components of the air conditioner generating them, and therefore without the use of refrigerant fluids. A second aim of the invention was to design a new air conditioner to avoid any risk of pollution of the environment.

  A third goal sought was to design an air conditioner in economically competitive manufacturing conditions compared to current air conditioners and can find a wide variety of applications.

  Another object sought was to design an air conditioner having in its new arrangement a very easy adaptation of the heating and cooling effect produced that can be controlled by computer control.

  These and other goals will be apparent from the rest of the description.

  The concept used by the air conditioner refers to the use of fluid mechanics without the addition of gas to perform the desired functions.

  According to a first characteristic of the invention, the air conditioner is remarkable in that it comprises, arranged and arranged in a reception chamber and successively, a first means in the form of an axial compressor provided with blades on its periphery and powered by an integrated motor unit driving the circulation of air at a given speed, a second means in the form of an axial stator stator whose function is to create a static pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure by transferring the air stream obtained in a third means in the form of a static centrifugal compressor whose function is to create a rotational flow with a static pressure fluctuating as a function of the temperature rise throughout the flow, the air stream being conveyed in a fourth means constituted by an axial diffuser rectifier, said rectifier being hollow internally for the circulation of ambient air and having its function is to straighten the vortex flow in axial flow and to relax the pressure, and in that a fifth means constituted by a transfer valve fits around the fourth means for regulating or not the passage of hot air, with adding ambient air, and in that a sixth vortex means allows the vortex to accelerate in a vortex effect before entering a seventh means consisting of an expansion chamber producing the cold, and directing the air stream into the final air distributor at the selected temperature conditions, and in that all of said means are arranged in a protective and connecting envelope.

  These and other characteristics will be apparent from the rest of the description.

  For fixing the object of the invention illustrated in a nonlimiting manner to the drawing figures in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of an air conditioner installation according to the invention.

  - Figure 2 is a view of all the components of the air conditioner in mounting situation, the protective enclosure incorporating them not being shown. - Figure 3 is a view substantially similar to Figure 2, but with the partly exploded representation of the integrated motor for the operation of the axial compressor. - Figure 4 is a view of the first means constituted by the axial compressor in a front view. - Figure 5 is a top view of the axial compressor according to Figure 4. - Figure 6 is a top view of the second means constituted by the axial stator stator. FIG. 7 is an axonometric view of the third means constituted by the static centrifugal compressor. FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the third means according to FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is a partial view of the corridor defined by the successive blades in a vein of air from the static centrifugal compressor. FIG. 10 is an axonometric view of the fourth means constituted by the axial diffuser rectifier. - Figure 11 is a perspective view of the fifth means constituted by the transfer valve. - Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the assembly of the axial diffuser rectifier on the transfer valve. FIG. 13 is a view of the sixth means constituted by the vortex. - Figure 14 is a view showing the assembly of the axial compressor assembly stator axial rectifier and motor. - Figure 15 is a view showing the assembly of the components in the protective enclosure of the fastener, before assembly of the two half-parts of said enclosure. FIG. 16 is a perspective view according to FIG. 13 illustrating the design of the drive motor unit of the axial compressor. - Figure 17 is a view according to Figure 16 of the motor group in perspective with the mounting of the axial stator stator.

  In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is now described in a nonlimiting manner illustrated in the figures of the drawings.

  The air conditioner apparatus according to the invention is represented as a whole by (A), and integrates into an installation (I) shown in FIG. 1. The air-conditioning unit is integrated in an external protective casing (1) arranged with fixing brackets (la) or any other means of fixing brackets. This housing has a parallelepipedal shape for example, and comprises side end flanges (lb) (1 c) from which are disposed means known per se, namely from the flange (lb) a conduit (2) overflowing in a double-flow air distributor (3), an air distribution valve (4) projecting into a duct (5) associated with an inlet duct (6) fixed on a suitable support plane (P), wall Or other. This air distributor duct also receives a carbon filtration device (7) purification for the air inlet. At the outlet of the air conditioner, is located from the flange (1c) a duct (8) of hot or cold air outlet overflowing on a pipe (9) outlet and discharge also fixed on the support plane (P) appropriate .

  It is therefore necessary to describe the characteristics of the air conditioner and its various constituent elements.

  This air conditioner comprises a plurality of means arranged and successively arranged in alignment in a receiving chamber (10), itself integrated and protected by the housing (1) above. This enclosure (2) is of cylindrical configuration for example being made in two half-cylindrical portions (10a-1 Ob) which have along their outer longitudinal edge strips (10c) allowing closer their connection and fixing by means type bolting or others. The various components of the air conditioner are thus positioned and fixed to each other and also relative to said enclosure.

  The air conditioner thus comprises: - a first means (II) in the form of an axial compressor provided with blades (11a) on its periphery and powered by an integrated motor unit (12) causing the circulation of air at a given speed ; a second means (13) in the form of an axial stator stator whose function is to create a static pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure by transferring the air stream obtained; in a third means (14) in the form of a static centrifugal compressor whose function is to create a rotational flow with a static pressure fluctuating as a function of the rise in temperature throughout the flow; fourth means (15) in the form of an internally hollow axial diffuser rectifier for the circulation of ambient air and having the function externally of straightening the vortex flow in axial flow and of relieving the pressure; a fifth means (16) constituted by a transfer valve fitting on the air diffuser rectifier to regulate or not the passage of hot air with the addition of ambient air; a sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex allowing the acceleration of the air stream in a vortex effect; - A seventh means (18) disposed at the end of the vortex and constituting an expansion chamber producing the cold to direct the air stream in the final air distributor at the selected temperature conditions.

  It is therefore appropriate to describe each of said means (11 to 18) more specifically with reference to the figures of the drawings.

  The various means (11 to 18) are thus represented in order of assembly in FIGS. 2 and 3, FIG. 3 illustrating the integrated motor group and associated with the axial compressor.

  The first means (11) is thus the axial compressor shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. It comprises a cylindrical body (11b) receiving on its periphery a plurality of blades (11a), made for example of aluminum, and at the front ( 11c) in the form of an ogive. Said blades are treated on the surface of their underside by glass-ball blasting, this treatment having the function of hardening the corresponding surface to restore a creep created by the rotation of the rotor compressor and avoiding the deformation of the speed triangles on the blades. The axial compressor is thus mounted on a conical axis (12a) to the power unit illustrated in FIG. 16. Said blades (11a) have a helical configuration with facing base profiles (liai) of two diverging adjacent blades to improve the flow of air speed. The calculation of the speed triangles of the blades is designed in such a way that it produces a high speed axial cylindrical air flow. The distribution of the air veins along the blade remains constant, on the same axis, so as not to disturb the air mass in general. The motor unit (12) illustrated in FIG. 16 thus comprises a shaft (12b) associated with the motor (12c) and protective casing (12d), a fixing flange (12e) for the motor. At the end, the shaft (12b) has a conical head (12a) for receiving support of the axial compressor (11). The connection of the axial compressor (11) to said conical portion is established in any suitable manner, the axial compressor being arranged complementary to fit.

  The second means (13) is the axial diffuser stator which is fixed and secured to the casing (10) by any appropriate connecting means. This second means (13) is located on the shaft portion (12c) between the attachment flange (12e) and the conical portion (12a).

  The diffuser stator comprises 10 blades (13a) for example of aluminum. Preferably, the connection with the envelope (11) is effected by the end of the blades (13a). These blades (13a) are arranged in the extension of the blades (11a) formed on the compressor, but unlike these which have a helical configuration, the blades (13a) are arranged in the longitudinal axial direction of the axial stator stator. They have a symmetrical configuration with a progressive entry (13a1), and a second part (13a2) degressive, so as to form a teardrop profile. As it appears in FIG. 6, the examination of the two successive blades shows an entry of convergent profiles, then of divergent profiles with an intermediate zone of narrowing with a neck (13a3). The front configuration in the first section of the blades allows an acceleration of the air flow and its speed, while the second part causes a significant drop in speed and contributes to the elevation of the pressure gradient. The folded geometrical shape of the blades (13a) gives a suitable orientation to the flow of air before admission to the following means, namely the static centrifugal compressor. This axial stator stator comprises plenums located upstream and downstream of itself, these means not being represented. The purpose of these chambers is to create a static pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure.

  It is therefore appropriate to expose the third means (14) consisting of a static centrifugal compressor shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9.

  This compressor (14) comprises a tubular body (14a) fitting around the engine block (12) and receiving according to a particular characteristic two sets of primary (14b) and secondary (14c) blades of different characteristics. The first series of blades (14b) comprises five blades arranged helically with geometry and variable pitch. These primary blades (14b) are developed so as to make a complete revolution around the receiving body (14a) in the configuration shown in FIG. 9. Said blades are initially parallel to each other according to a pre-established space to allow the positioning of the other series of secondary blades (14c) established at a much lower amplitude. Said secondary blades have a twisted configuration corresponding to the starting profile of the primary blades (14b), said blades (14c) being of less length in a ratio of 1 to 2 or 1 to 3. Thus, in the front part of the centrifugal compressor statically, one distinguishes the positioning of the set of blades (14b-14c) arranged alternately with an identical spacing. Given the much shorter length of the secondary blades, the other end of the static centrifugal compressor only shows the ends of the primary blades. There is therefore a tightening of the space established between the successive blades (14b) creating the swirling flow. The inlet portions of the blades (14b-14c) are all in the longitudinal axial direction of the body, while the rear outlet ends of the primary blades are in a radial plane. It should also be noted that, to facilitate the circulation of the air fluid, the front and rear ends of all types of blades are tapered.

  The surface of each side of the blade is concave without special surface treatment. Thus, the static centrifugal compressor (14) makes it possible to transform the axial air flow coming from the means (13) into a rotational flow in order to accelerate it, while maintaining the static pressure established at the outlet of the diffuser stator. axial (13).

  Centrifugation is achieved by reversing the axial airflow along the blades and combining the swirling effects given by the different types of blades.

  The blades are constructed by projecting several unregulated surfaces according to the development of velocity triangles on the generatrix of the center of mass and the inertial center of each surface. These surfaces are then projected by winding on the final surface of each blade, to give a gyratory effect to the flow of air. As soon as the rotational flow is created, there is an increase in pressure on the surfaces, due to the centrifugal force created by the winding of the flow and the restreatment of the convergent duct between the bearing surfaces. In this phase, the static pressure fluctuates as a function of the temperature rise throughout the journey.

  The characteristics of the fourth means (15) constituted by the axial diffuser rectifier shown in FIG. 10 should be explained. The latter is located in axial extension of the means (14). It is constituted by a hollow cylindrical body (15a) capable of surrounding the motor unit (12c), by circulating ambient air. On its periphery, the axial diffuser rectifier has a plurality of blades (15b) for example of aluminum 14 in number, arranged in a curvilinear configuration. The blades in the entrance zone have a range separation distance smaller than that existing at the rear end of said blades, creating a divergent effect, and the orientation of the blades at the rear end is in the longitudinal axis of the rectifier. The air inlet area from the means (14) is set to be an extension of the air outlet from the means (14). This means (15) is intended to straighten the vortex flow in axial flow and slightly relax the pressure, in order to lower the temperature of the air circulating before admission in the sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex . The rectifier (15) is fixed in the envelope (10) by being fixed in any suitable manner.

  This axial diffuser rectifier is capable of cooperating and allowing the positioning and fitting of a fifth means (16) constituted by a transfer valve. It has a cylindrical body (16a) coming into the body (15a) of the rectifier (15), and it has a flange (16b) projecting cylindrical configuration. This ring-shaped collar is arranged with a plurality of lights (16c) allowing a passage and an air flow in the body (16a). On the ring (16b) is reported and positioned a ring (20) of complementary shape may be rotated angularly relative to said ring (16b). For this purpose, the ring itself has solid parts (20a) in the form of a cover which have shapes and dimensions complementary to the slots (16c) for closing them in whole or in part according to the position of the ring on the ring (16b). ). Adjusting means (21) and driving the ring on the ring gear is thus disposed on the body of the rectifier (15) to allow the appropriate angular orientation of the transfer valve. Depending on the degree of opening and closing of the transfer valve, it is possible to introduce and mix ambient air with the air produced and heated by the various means described above.

  It is therefore appropriate to set out the sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex. This corresponds to the cylindrical disc (17a) hollow in its central part and receiving a plurality of blades (17b) for example of aluminum, 10 in number for example. These blades are arranged in a star configuration with a truncated cone. The purpose of this vortex is to provide a stable and constant speed to the air flow by rotating between the blades, and it prepares the transfer of airflow produced in the expansion chamber (18) producing the cold disposed in downstream. It has a cylindrical configuration with a nose (18a) ogive.

  The air conditioning thus constituted by all these means allows the production of hot or cold air according to temperature ranges adapted according to the applications of the invention, and this, thanks to the combination of the circulatory effects of air given by the various means described.

  The power unit and the transfer valve and their controls are connected to a computer-controlled digital card via an RS232 or other socket.

  The air conditioning according to the invention responds to the various problems posed. The configuration (11) of these various components and means and the number of blades is given as an example in the context of an optimization of operation of the air conditioner.

  These means can be made of aluminum material, but also according to the applications of air conditioners, they can be made by molding plastic material and composite or other, taking into account the operating constraints.

Claims (1)

  -1- air conditioner characterized in that it comprises, arranged and arranged in a chamber (10) receiving and successively, a first means (11) in the form of an axial compressor provided with blades (1la) on its periphery and powered by an integrated motor unit (12) causing the circulation of air at a given speed, a second means (13) in the form of an axial stator rectifier whose function is to create a static pressure greater than the atmospheric pressure by transferring the air stream obtained in a third means (14) in the form of a static centrifugal compressor whose function is to create a rotational flow with a static pressure fluctuating as a function of the temperature rise throughout the flow, the air stream being conveyed in a fourth means (15) constituted by an axial diffuser rectifier, said rectifier being hollow internally for the circulation of ambient air and having externally as a function of e straighten the vortex flow in axial flow and relax the pressure, and in that a fifth means (16) constituted by a transfer valve fits around the fourth means to regulate or not the passage of hot air, with adding ambient air, and in that a sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex allows the acceleration of the air stream in a vortex effect before entering a seventh means (18) constituted by a chamber of triggering the cold, and directing the air stream into the final air distributor at the selected temperature conditions, and that all the means (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 ) are arranged in a protective and connecting envelope (10). -2- air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that the first means (11) is an axial compressor comprising a cylindrical body (1 lb) receiving on its periphery a plurality of blades (11 a), and in front (11c) ) in the form of an ogive, in that the axial compressor is mounted on a conical axis (12a) of the power unit (12), and in that the said blades (11a) have a helical configuration with base profiles facing each other. (liai) two divergent adjacent blades. -3- air conditioner according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the power unit (12) comprises a shaft (12b) associated with the motor (12c) and protective housing (12d), a fixing flange (12e) of the engine , and in that at the end, the shaft (12b) has a conical head (12a) for receiving support of the axial compressor (1l), in that the connection of the axial compressor (Il) on said conical portion is made of any appropriate way. -4- air conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that the second means (13) is an axial diffuser stator fixed and secured to the casing (10), in that the second means (13) is located on the part d shaft (12c) between the fixing flange (12e) and the conical portion (12a), and in that it comprises blades (13a) arranged in the extension of the blades (11a) formed on the compressor, but unlike these having a helical configuration, the blades (13a) being arranged in the longitudinal axial direction of the axial stator stator. -5- air conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that the blades (13a) have a symmetrical configuration with a gradual inlet (13al), and a second portion (13a2) degressive, so as to form a teardrop profile , and in that the position of two successive blades defines an input of convergent profiles, then output in divergent profiles with an intermediate zone of narrowing with a neck (13a3) .- 6 air conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that the stator axial stator is arranged with the presence of a plenum of flow flow forward and downstream, whose function is to create a static pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. -7-air conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that the third means (14) is constituted by a static centrifugal compressor which comprises a tubular body (14a) fitting around the engine block (12) and receiving according to a particular characteristic two sets of primary (14b) and secondary (14c) blades of different characteristics. -8-air conditioner according to claim 7, characterized in that the third means comprises a first series of blades (14b) with five blades arranged helically with geometry and variable pitch, these primary blades (14b) being developed so as to make a complete revolution around the receiver body (14a), and in that said blades are initially parallel to each other in a predetermined space to allow positioning of the other series of secondary blades (14c) established at a much smaller amplitude, and said secondary blades have a twisted configuration corresponding to the starting profile of the primary blades (14b), said blades (14c) being of shorter length. An air conditioner according to claim 8, characterized in that the inlet portions of the blades (14b-14c) are all in the longitudinal axial direction of the body, while the rear outlet ends of the primary blades are in a radial plane, and in that the surface of each side of the blade is concave.-10- air conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that the fourth means (15) is constituted by an axial diffuser rectifier located in axial extension of the means (14), and in that it is constituted by a hollow cylindrical body (15a) capable of surrounding the motor unit (12c), by circulating ambient air, and in that on its periphery, the rectifier axial diffuser has a plurality of blades (15b) arranged in a curvilinear configuration. Air conditioner according to claim 10, characterized in that the blades in the entry zone have a range separation distance smaller than that existing at the rear end of said blades, creating a divergent effect, and the orientation of the blades at the end. rearward axis is axial to the longitudinal axis of the rectifier, and in that the air inlet zone from the means (14) is established to be in the extension of the air outlet from the means (14). -12- air conditioner according to any one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the axial diffuser rectifier is capable of cooperating and to allow the positioning and fitting of a fifth means (16) constituted by a transfer valve, and in that said means (16) has a cylindrical body (16a) coming into the body (15a) of the straightener (15), and a flange (16b) projecting from a cylindrical configuration, and in that the collar crown shape is arranged with a plurality of lights (16c) allowing passage and circulation of air in the body (16a), and in that on the ring (16b) is attached and positioned a ring (20) of shape complementary pivotable angularly relative to said ring (16b), and in that the ring itself has solid parts (20a) in the form of a cover that have shapes and dimensions complementary to the lights (16c) to seal in all or by according to the position of the ring on the ring gear (16b), and in that a means (21) for adjusting and driving the ring on the ring gear is thus arranged on the body of the rectifier (15) to enable the ring appropriate angular orientation of the transfer valve. -13-air conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that the sixth means (17) constituted by a vortex, comprising a cylindrical disk (17a) hollow in its central portion and receiving a plurality of blades (17b), and in that the blades are arranged in a star shape with a truncated cone configuration, and in that the function of the vortex is to give a stable and constant speed to the air flow by a rotational movement between the blades, and it prepares the transfer of air flow produced in the expansion chamber (18) disposed downstream.