EP2120281A1 - Multistrahl-Antennensystem zur Multispot-Abdeckung und mit diesem System ausgestatteter Satellit - Google Patents

Multistrahl-Antennensystem zur Multispot-Abdeckung und mit diesem System ausgestatteter Satellit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2120281A1
EP2120281A1 EP09160505A EP09160505A EP2120281A1 EP 2120281 A1 EP2120281 A1 EP 2120281A1 EP 09160505 A EP09160505 A EP 09160505A EP 09160505 A EP09160505 A EP 09160505A EP 2120281 A1 EP2120281 A1 EP 2120281A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating elements
spot
coverage
spots
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP09160505A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2120281B1 (de
EP2120281B9 (de
Inventor
Nelson Fonseca
Jacques Sombrin
Daniel Renaud
Philippe Moreira
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Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
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Centre National dEtudes Spatiales CNES
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Publication of EP2120281B9 publication Critical patent/EP2120281B9/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of satellite communications and more particularly relates to a multibeam antennal system for the coverage of a given geographical area decomposed into several ground spots (in English, "spots").
  • Multi-beam antennal systems for multispots coverage of a given geographical area are used in satellite communications.
  • the main objective of this technology is to reduce the cost of bit transmission by making the best use of the frequency band allocated to a given application.
  • the distribution of the signals is such that two adjacent cells have no signals having the same characteristics, that is to say signals with the same frequency and the same polarization.
  • the identical signals are reused in non-adjacent cells to increase the capacity of the system.
  • the noted reuse factor k characterizes the number of different cells, in terms of signal characteristics, over the entire coverage.
  • the figure 1 presents an example of a theoretical cellular network with a fourfold reuse scheme.
  • the arrangement of the cells maximizes the distance D between identical cells, materialized on the figure 1 by the same filling pattern.
  • the allocated frequency band is divided into two sub-frequency bands F 1 and F 2 , and two orthogonal linear (horizontal H and vertical V) or circular (right PCG or left PCD) polarizations are used.
  • the main parameter is the signal to interference ratio (in English, " Carrier to Interference Ratio ", (C / I)).
  • the C / I can be improved by increasing the reuse factor, which has the direct consequence of increasing the distance D between two cells using the same signal (same frequency, same polarization) for a given reflector antenna geometry.
  • the invention makes it possible, from a reference configuration covering a given geographical area by means of a reuse scheme by k, to obtain a coverage equivalent to a multiple reuse scheme of the reuse factor k of the configuration of reference.
  • the invention relates to a multi-beam antennal system for covering a given geographical area decomposed into a plurality of spots, comprising at least one antenna comprising: an array of radiating elements; network supply means such that in operation the radiating elements form a plurality of beams each illuminating a spot, the coverage of the area being performed according to an initial reuse factor reuse scheme.
  • each antenna further comprises control means coupled to the supply means such that, in operation, subsets of radiating elements are successively supplied to form a plurality of beams illuminating a beam. portion of each spot of the coverage obtained according to the initial reuse scheme, the resulting coverage being equivalent to a reuse factor reuse scheme equal to the product of the initial reuse factor by the number of portions of each spot.
  • the multiplication is obtained by dividing in n sub-spots each spot of the reference configuration.
  • each sub-spot has a reduced area of a factor n relative to that of the reference spots.
  • the invention uses the technique of beam jumping between sub-spots of the same reference spot.
  • the invention relates to a satellite comprising at least one antenna system according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the proposed technique is based on a 3 or 4 reuse scheme in which each cell is subdivided into sub-spots, illuminated successively by the beam-jumping technique.
  • the proposed system can be seen as an antenna-level implementation of both spatial division multiplexing ( Spatial Division Multiple Access , (SDMA)) and time division ( Time Division Multiple Access ) techniques. (TDMA)), frequently used in terrestrial systems to improve their capacity.
  • SDMA Spatial Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • each of these four spots corresponds to the association of a sub-frequency band and a polarization.
  • Each subset of spots in the cover is obtained by means of a reflector antenna, ie four identical antennas in the case of an FAFR antenna solution where a source of the focal grating produces a spot.
  • the number of necessary reflector antennas could be reduced by using several sources of the focal grating to produce a spot.
  • the reflector 33 is typically of a diameter of 2 m for an operating frequency of 20 GHz, to allow if necessary the arrangement of two reflectors on the same side face of the satellite.
  • Each antenna used to obtain the cover comprises a reflector 33 disposed facing the network 30 of radiating elements.
  • each of the spots on the geographical area to be covered is obtained by the radiation of a source of the focal network on the reflector.
  • a network of sources is in particular arranged in the focal plane of the parabolic reflector, possibly formed to improve the overall performance of the antenna.
  • Each source of the focal network is typically a corrugated horn whose maximum diameter is geometrically imposed by the minimum distance between two spots of the cover illustrated on the diagram. figure 2b .
  • Each source emits different signals, but the polarization and frequency subband used is the same for all the sources of the focal network.
  • angular distances mentioned correspond to a representation in spherical coordinates (r, ⁇ , ⁇ ) centered at the apex of the paraboloid defining the shape of the reflector.
  • the pitch of the mesh is calculated in order to ensure a cross-matching between spots at a directivity level typically 4 dB below the maximum of directivity, thus allowing coverage without a significant dip in directivity.
  • spot size and mesh pitch in the triangular case is as follows p ⁇ 3 2 ⁇ d , where p is the pitch of the mesh and the diameter of a spot.
  • the spots made are circular in view of the electromagnetic properties of the antennas used but the service area is hexagonal.
  • the hexagon has been retained for cellular networks because it is the polygon closest to the circle for paving the plane.
  • the analyzed zone therefore has a ⁇ ⁇ d 2 4 , for a service area of 3 ⁇ 3 ⁇ d 2 8 .
  • the ratio between the service area and the analyzed area is therefore 3 ⁇ 3 2 ⁇ ⁇ about 83%.
  • This beam overlap nevertheless offers a certain flexibility since the users located in these zones can be allocated indifferently to one or the other of the spots thus relieving the spots with a high density of users.
  • DRA direct radiation
  • the antennal system that will be described here produces an area coverage equivalent to the coverage of the reference configuration as illustrated on the Figures 2a and 2b .
  • Each sub-spot therefore has a diameter of 0.38 ° according to the preceding hypotheses.
  • the shape of the reference spot corresponding to an equivalent reuse by four, is therefore substantially modified since it is the combination of three sub-spots of a cover with reuse by twelve as illustrated on the figure 4 , but it is important to note that the covered service area is the same (Europe in this case).
  • each reference focal plane source is replaced by an aggregate of twelve smaller sources as shown respectively on the figure 5b .
  • the sources used are typically walking horns whose diameter of the opening is of the order of the wavelength.
  • the maximum diameter for a source is imposed geometrically by the distance between two sub-spots of the same reference spot.
  • control means 32 are coupled to the power supply means 31 of each sub-network of twelve sources in order to produce the beam jump.
  • each sub-array is fed so as to form the beams making it possible to illuminate successively the sub-spots A1, A2 and A3, according to the notations of the figure 4 .
  • T 0 the instant at which all the spots A 1 are illuminated simultaneously.
  • all the spots A 2 and all spots A 3 will be illuminated respectively at T 0 + ⁇ t and at T 0 + 2. ⁇ t.
  • focal network does not show any overlap between sub-networks of twelve radiating elements as illustrated on the figure 5b , which considerably simplifies the design of the supply circuit 31 as well as control means 32.
  • control means 32 are limited to a switching matrix, whose technology is to adapt to the constraints of size and power levels sought.
  • the power supply circuit is simplified in that the amplitudes and phases are the same for all the radiating elements of a sub-array of twelve sources.
  • the power supply and control means are adapted to modify the amplitude and the phase of the source supply law by subassembly according to the portion of the spot of the cover to be illuminated.
  • the beam jump pattern is similarly reproduced for spots B, C and D.
  • the antennary system described is notably used on a telecommunications satellite as illustrated on the figure 7 for the transmission of multimedia contents.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP09160505A 2008-05-16 2009-05-18 Multistrahl-Antennensystem zur Multispot-Abdeckung und mit diesem System ausgestatteter Satellit Active EP2120281B9 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0853190A FR2931302B1 (fr) 2008-05-16 2008-05-16 Systeme antennaire multi-faisceaux pour couverture multispots et satellite comprenant un tel systeme

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2120281A1 true EP2120281A1 (de) 2009-11-18
EP2120281B1 EP2120281B1 (de) 2011-05-11
EP2120281B9 EP2120281B9 (de) 2011-09-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09160505A Active EP2120281B9 (de) 2008-05-16 2009-05-18 Multistrahl-Antennensystem zur Multispot-Abdeckung und mit diesem System ausgestatteter Satellit

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2120281B9 (de)
AT (1) ATE509390T1 (de)
FR (1) FR2931302B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2429036A1 (de) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-14 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Mehrstrang-Telekommunikationsantenne, die auf einem Hochleistungssatelliten montiert ist, und zugehöriges Telekommunikationssystem
WO2013095942A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-27 Space Systems/Loral, Llc High efficiency multi-beam antenna
US10270524B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2019-04-23 Space Systems/Loral, Llc Broadband satellite payload architecture

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6075484A (en) * 1999-05-03 2000-06-13 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for robust estimation of directions of arrival for antenna arrays
US6157811A (en) * 1994-01-11 2000-12-05 Ericsson Inc. Cellular/satellite communications system with improved frequency re-use

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6157811A (en) * 1994-01-11 2000-12-05 Ericsson Inc. Cellular/satellite communications system with improved frequency re-use
US6075484A (en) * 1999-05-03 2000-06-13 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for robust estimation of directions of arrival for antenna arrays

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2429036A1 (de) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-14 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Mehrstrang-Telekommunikationsantenne, die auf einem Hochleistungssatelliten montiert ist, und zugehöriges Telekommunikationssystem
FR2964800A1 (fr) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-16 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales Antenne de telecommunication multifaisceaux embarquee sur un satellite a grande capacite et systeme de telecommunication associe
US8780000B2 (en) 2010-09-10 2014-07-15 Centre National D'etudes Spatiales Multi-beam telecommunication antenna onboard a high-capacity satellite and related telecommunication system
WO2013095942A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-27 Space Systems/Loral, Llc High efficiency multi-beam antenna
US9153877B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2015-10-06 Space Systems/Loral, Llc High efficiency multi-beam antenna
US10270524B2 (en) 2014-04-15 2019-04-23 Space Systems/Loral, Llc Broadband satellite payload architecture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE509390T1 (de) 2011-05-15
EP2120281B1 (de) 2011-05-11
EP2120281B9 (de) 2011-09-21
FR2931302A1 (fr) 2009-11-20
FR2931302B1 (fr) 2010-07-30

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