EP2118687A2 - System aus motorisierten seismischen kabeln - Google Patents

System aus motorisierten seismischen kabeln

Info

Publication number
EP2118687A2
EP2118687A2 EP08761857A EP08761857A EP2118687A2 EP 2118687 A2 EP2118687 A2 EP 2118687A2 EP 08761857 A EP08761857 A EP 08761857A EP 08761857 A EP08761857 A EP 08761857A EP 2118687 A2 EP2118687 A2 EP 2118687A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fish
cable
seismic
towing
tail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08761857A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Georges Grall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2118687A2 publication Critical patent/EP2118687A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
    • G01V1/3817—Positioning of seismic devices
    • G01V1/3826—Positioning of seismic devices dynamic steering, e.g. by paravanes or birds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems that make it possible to carry out a so-called "3D" underwater seismic survey in order to detect the zones of sediments containing oil. It is known to conduct marine seismic surveys using a boat specially designed for this type of mission. This seismic boat towed a set of very long acoustic antennas (6km) and small diameter (70mm) containing hydrophones, they are completed by buoys tails. The immersion of the antennas is limited to about 7 m. This set can have up to 16 antennas called seismic flutes. The maximum spacing between flutes is provided by a diverging system which requires a traction force of 150 to 200 tons for a towing speed of 4 to 5 knots.
  • -To provide a system to greatly reduce or even cancel the tensile forces due to the drag of the flutes on their attachment points on the towing cable divergent, so that they only have to compensate for their clean drag and that of their cable, thereby significantly increasing the swept width and increasing the number of flutes up to 24.
  • -To provide a system linked to the towing cable that simultaneously reduces the drag force of the cable, to contain the electric power supply cables and the electrical or optical cables going up the seismic signals of the flutes towards the seismic boat. To provide a system that compensates for the weight in the water of the towing cable to reduce the lift of the divergents and therefore their drag
  • -To provide a system that also makes it possible to compensate for the drag of the divergents located at the end of the traction cables. -To provide a system that can navigate at least 24 flutes at an adjustable immersion from 0 to 30m in order to overcome the disturbances induced by the swell, if any.
  • the invention proposes a device according to the appended claims, principally characterized in that each flute is towed by a submarine vehicle, called an electric powered tugboat, and that this fish is connected and fed. by an electro-tractor cable at a point of attachment on the pulling cable of the diverging.
  • the towing fish has dive rams allowing it to adjust its immersion to the set point.
  • the towing fish has direction allowing him to navigate parallel to the trajectory of the seismic boat, thanks to for example, an acoustic locating system which provided him the location of his point of attachment, whose position is known.
  • the towing fish exerts a low mechanical tension (approximately 500 newtons) on the point of attachment of the cable of the electro-tractor cable.
  • the speed of the towing fish is controlled by measuring the mechanical tension exerted on the electro-tractor cable, which must remain constant.
  • a damping device at the entrance of the cable for example on Terrier of the towing fish makes it possible to eliminate the vibrations and residual shaking coming from the traction cable of the diverging ones.
  • the electric power (50 to 70 KW) for each fish is transmitted thanks to a high voltage electric cable (for example of 3000 volts) starting from the seismic boat, skirting the traction cable of the divergent until attachment point where it is connected to the electro tractor cable.
  • a high voltage electric cable for example of 3000 volts
  • this electrical connection also allows the transmission of seismic data from the flute to the seismic boat, as well as the orders of the boat to the tug, the flute and the tail fish.
  • -According to another feature are fixed along the towing cable fairing elements whose shape can reduce a significant factor the hydrodynamic coefficient of the towing cable.
  • these fairings integrate the electric power supply conductors of the tugs, as well as the electrical or optical cables carrying the seismic signals and the commands commands necessary to the tugs, flutes and tailfish.
  • these fairings are articulated freely around the traction cable in order to align collinearly with the relative flow of water.
  • fairings are mechanically and electrically connected to bypass devices for feeding each tug and route the signals from each flute and mechanically fasten the assembly along the towing cable.
  • these fairings equipped with their electrical conductors have a density of one.
  • these fairings have a high mechanical tensile strength thanks to integrated cables made of metal or Kevlar or any other material that makes it possible to withstand the sliding forces along the traction cable, particularly in the event of the breakdown of the tugs. in the absence of tugs.
  • the longitudinal mechanical strength and the section of the shrouds may decrease as a function of their distance from the seismic boat because the former must on the one hand resist the forces induced by the totality of the flutes and on the other hand allow the passage electrical conductors for all tugs and flutes, the last fairing must feed only one tug and a single flute and not withstand the efforts of a tug and flute.
  • the bypass devices are located at distances along the traction cable making it possible to choose the pitch between flutes, for example, 50, 100, 150, 200 meters.
  • floats are arranged along the towline floats whose buoyancy compensates for the weight in the water of the towing cable. According to another characteristic, these floats have a slightly negative lift when the assembly moves at the operational speed of 4 knots, in order to immerse themselves and to free themselves from surface movements.
  • the divergents may be equipped with propulsion or towing devices in order to at least cancel their drag in the water and thus make it possible to offset the back of the given boat by increasing the maximum lateral offset.
  • the tail fish whose role is to stretch the seismic flute to keep it straight and horizontal, has a hydrodynamic brake with controllable effect in order to apply a constant mechanical tension on the tail of the flute when the speed relative to the water varies.
  • the tail fish has a capacity of evolution in immersion, from 0 to 30m.
  • the tail fish deploys a surface buoy equipped with a radio positioning receiver, for example the GPS system to determine the position of the tail.
  • FIG. 1 represents a view from above of the half of the system according to the invention, in which are illustrated 12 flutes, 12 tugging fish, 12 tailfishes and the detail of a float for compensation of the weight of the pulling cable of the divergent, the whole being towed by the seismic boat.
  • FIG. 2 represents one of the possible embodiments of the tugging fish according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a possible embodiment of the tail fish according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows the rigging of the tail fish having deployed its locator buoy according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a possible embodiment of the branch box.
  • Figure 6 shows another possible embodiment of the branch box.
  • 7 shows in perspective an exploded view of a possible embodiment of the fairing mounted on the traction cable of the diverging.
  • Figure 8 shows the divergent equipped with an electric thruster.
  • the seismic survey system shown in FIG. 1 comprises, by way of example, the seismic boat (01), 2x12 seismic streamers (09) towed by 2x12 fish (08) with electric propulsion, which are connected to the seismic cable (01). traction (02) of the divergent (04) by cables (07). The 2x 12 self-propelled flutes are completed by 2x 12 tail fish (30). The weight of the cable (02) is compensated by the floats (06) located at each junction where the junction boxes (05) are located, these inverted flange-shaped floats sink to operational immersion at about 7 m . under the surface when the assembly moves, thanks to the negative lift of the float.
  • 2 represents an exemplary embodiment of a tugboat which is propelled by two propellers (17) against keeled rotors (18) to increase their yield.
  • These propellers are driven by 2 electric motors (16), in the axis of which pass the signals from the flute (09) to be routed to the seismic boat (01) via the cables (07) and (02).
  • the high power supply voltages are lowered by the transformer (14) before being applied to the motors, via a power electronics (15) which makes it possible to control the movement speed of the fish under control of a tensiometer ( 11) installed for example on the towing bracket (10), in order to maintain a constant and low mechanical tension in the electro-traction cable (07).
  • Immersion control is provided by the elevators (12) under the control of an immersion sensor.
  • Steering in heading is provided by the rudders (13) from the information of the deposit of the point of attachment delivered by an acoustic transponder mounted on the nose of the fish whose emitted pulse is reflected on the float (06).
  • the length D of the electric towing cable (07) is dimensioned to allow adjustment in immersion from 0 to 30m, while limiting the vertical force on the elevators, ie from 150 to 200m.
  • This cable has a mechanical strength allowing it to tow the fish and flute together when the latter is out of order.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the tail fish (30) whose role is to position the tail of the flute and keep it rectilinear and horizontal, to the set immersion and distance of the adjacent flutes.
  • the tail fish is constituted by a submersible profiled body equipped with elevators (21), control surfaces (20).
  • a device for regulating the mechanical tension of the flute (09), in the case of variation of speed with respect to the water, is implemented. It comprises, a brake propeller (24) rotated by the speed of displacement; this propeller drives an electric generator (23) which delivers in a variable resistive load. The value of this load is controlled by a servo which compares with the help of a tensiometer the actual value exerted on the tail of the flute at a set value (about 1000 newtons); This generator also recharges the batteries in the keel (22) to power the fish electronics.
  • a stirrup (19) takes up the traction forces and provides the electrical connection between the fish and the flute.
  • the fish deploys a surface float (26) which is equipped with a mast (28) carrying a radio localization antenna (33), for example a GPS receiver.
  • FIG. 4 represents the tail fish (30) in operational immersion with its locating buoy (26) deployed, the buoy is held vertically to the tail fish by means of a rope (29) fixed on the flute at a distance D which is great in front of the immersion of the fish.
  • the buoy navigates vertically thanks to the system of shrouds fixed on the one hand to the rope and on the other hand to its body (32).
  • the geographical position information delivered by the satellite receiver is transmitted to the flute by the connecting cable (31), which before deployment is coiled as a coil (27).
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a bypass device (05) which consists of two oblong sealed electrical sockets and another socket (43) allowing the electrical and mechanical connection of the leash (07) of the tugs. .
  • a bypass device (05) which consists of two oblong sealed electrical sockets and another socket (43) allowing the electrical and mechanical connection of the leash (07) of the tugs.
  • the plugs located at the end of the fairings.
  • a cover (38) removably links the bypass device (05) to the pulling cable (02) for free movement in rotation.
  • the total thickness of the bypass device (05) is equal to that of fairings (03) for a possible winding in a single layer on the drum of the winch to wind the streamlined cable.
  • For the mechanical connection is used, for example, four dovetail tongues (41) which slide in grooves machined in the body of the plugs once the electrical connection is made.
  • the power and high voltage electrical connections (42) are arranged in line to, on the one hand, hold in the thickness imposed for a possible winding in a single layer on the drum of the storage winch and on the other hand to distance as much as possible drivers with high potential difference (3000 V).
  • the seal is provided by two O-rings (40).
  • Figure 6 shows a variant of the bypass device, where the mechanical and electrical connections with the leash (07) of the fish are separated.
  • the mechanical connection is provided by a hinged stirrup (44) removable.
  • the electrical connection is provided by a sealed hose (45) terminated by a connector.
  • FIG. 7 represents, by way of example, the structure of the profiled fairing (03) mounted on the cable (02), the outer envelope (52) made of flexible and resistant material such as for example polyurethane, is filled with oil and a low density foam core (46) for equilibrating in water the weight and moments of the electrical power conductors (49; 50) and the low level electrical signal conductors (51).
  • the core (46) is cut regularly (47) to allow unrestrained winding.
  • a fixing clip (39) located at approximately every meter makes it possible to fix or uncouple the different fairing elements to the traction cable (02).
  • a network of son, for example Kevlar (48) is integrated in the fairing ensuring a mechanical strength required by operational use, the ends of these son are fixed on the connectors (37).
  • Figure 8 shows a possible embodiment of a divergent (04) said active which has a thruster (53) which can be integrated or not, in one variant it is possible to use multiple thrusters.
  • the thruster exerts a thrust parallel to the trajectory of the boat, the value of which makes it possible to compensate for at least the own drag of the divergent, in order either to reduce the rear offset relative to the boat or to offset the increase of the number of seismic flutes.
  • the power supply of the thruster is done by a power line of the same nature as those used for towing fish.
  • FIG. 9 represents a possible embodiment of a winch for deploying and recovering the overall system with the type of rigging described in FIG. 1.
  • the particularity is to make a winch (54) with a large drum (55) (8m diameter for example) so as to wind the entire cable (2500m for example) with its fairings in a single layer; a trimming system (56) ensures the correct positioning of the fairings (03), ie perpendicular to the surface of the drum.
  • the high supply voltages of the tugs are developed by transformers (58) attached to the drum of the winch.
  • the rotary joint (57) is used to distribute to the transformers the power required for fish to avoid a large number of rotating joints passing high voltages.
  • the seismic signals and commands pass through a specific rotary joint or in a variant can be transmitted by a very short radio system.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Storing, Repeated Paying-Out, And Re-Storing Of Elongated Articles (AREA)
  • Mechanical Means For Catching Fish (AREA)
EP08761857A 2007-02-19 2008-02-08 System aus motorisierten seismischen kabeln Withdrawn EP2118687A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0701165A FR2912818A1 (fr) 2007-02-19 2007-02-19 Systeme de flutes automotrices pour prospection en sismique marine 3d a grande productivite
FR0702300A FR2912819B3 (fr) 2007-02-19 2007-03-29 Systeme de greement a faible trainee hydrodynamique pour remorquage de flutes de sismique.
PCT/FR2008/000155 WO2008113914A2 (fr) 2007-02-19 2008-02-08 Systeme de flutes de sismiques automotrices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2118687A2 true EP2118687A2 (de) 2009-11-18

Family

ID=39650895

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08761857A Withdrawn EP2118687A2 (de) 2007-02-19 2008-02-08 System aus motorisierten seismischen kabeln

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090316526A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2118687A2 (de)
JP (1) JP2010519518A (de)
BR (1) BRPI0807652A2 (de)
FR (2) FR2912818A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008113914A2 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2010519518A (ja) 2010-06-03
BRPI0807652A2 (pt) 2014-06-10
WO2008113914A3 (fr) 2009-07-09
FR2912819B3 (fr) 2009-05-15
FR2912819A1 (fr) 2008-08-22
US20090316526A1 (en) 2009-12-24
WO2008113914A2 (fr) 2008-09-25
FR2912818A1 (fr) 2008-08-22

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