EP2109454A1 - Compositions pharmaceutiques à base de glp-1 - Google Patents

Compositions pharmaceutiques à base de glp-1

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Publication number
EP2109454A1
EP2109454A1 EP07868132A EP07868132A EP2109454A1 EP 2109454 A1 EP2109454 A1 EP 2109454A1 EP 07868132 A EP07868132 A EP 07868132A EP 07868132 A EP07868132 A EP 07868132A EP 2109454 A1 EP2109454 A1 EP 2109454A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
peptide
aib
pharmaceutical composition
hglp
salt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07868132A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2109454A4 (fr
Inventor
Zheng Xin Dong
Roland Cherif-Cheikh
Jose-Antonio Cordero Rigol
Miravete Resurreccion Alloza
Frederic Lacombe
Maria Dolores Tobalina Maestre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ipsen Pharma SAS
Original Assignee
Ipsen Pharma SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/647,746 external-priority patent/US20070244034A1/en
Application filed by Ipsen Pharma SAS filed Critical Ipsen Pharma SAS
Publication of EP2109454A1 publication Critical patent/EP2109454A1/fr
Publication of EP2109454A4 publication Critical patent/EP2109454A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/22—Hormones
    • A61K38/26—Glucagons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/30—Zinc; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
    • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A61K33/34—Copper; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in compositions containing peptide analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 and/or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, methods for preparing such compositions, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using such compositions to treat mammals.
  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1 ) is synthesized in the intestinal L-cells by tissue-specific post-translational processing of the glucagon precursor preproglucagon (Varndell, J. M., et al., J. Histochem Cytochem, 1985:33:1080-6) and is released into the circulation system in response to a meal.
  • the plasma concentration of GLP-1 rises from a fasting level of approximately 15 pmol/L to a peak postprandial level of 40 pmol/L.
  • GLP-1 the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 was suggested following the observation that a single subcutaneous (s/c) dose of GLP-1 could completely normalize postprandial glucose levels in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (Gutniak, M.K., et al., Diabetes Care 1994:17:1039-44). This effect was thought to be mediated both by increased insulin release and by a reduction in glucagon secretion. Furthermore, an intravenous infusion of GLP-1 has been shown to delay postprandial gastric emptying in patients with NIDDM (Williams, B., et al., J. Clin Endo Metab 1996:81 :327-32).
  • GLP-1 Unlike sulphonylureas, the insulinotropic action of GLP-1 is dependent on plasma glucose concentration (HoIz, G. G. 4 th , et al., Nature 1993:361 :362-5). Thus, the loss of GLP-1 -mediated insulin release at low plasma glucose concentration protects against severe hypoglycemia. This combination of actions gives GLP-1 unique potential therapeutic advantages over other agents currently used to treat NIDDM.
  • GLP-1 potently influences glycemic levels as well as insulin and glucagon concentrations (Orskov, C, Diabetologia 35:701-711 , 1992; Hoist, JJ. , et al., Potential of GLP-1 in diabetes management in Glucagon III, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Lefevbre PJ, Ed. Berlin, Springer Verlag, 1996, p. 311-326), effects which are glucose dependent (Kreymann, B., et al., Lancet ii: 1300-1304, 1987; Weir, G. C, et al., Diabetes 38:338-342, 1989).
  • GLP-1 and agonists thereof have been proposed for use in subjects at risk for developing non-insulin dependent diabetes (see WO 00/07617) as well as for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (U.S. Patent Pub. No. 20040266670).
  • GLP-1 and agonists thereof have been suggested, including, without limitation: improving learning, enhancing neuro- protection, and/or alleviating a symptom of a disease or disorder of the central nervous system, e.g., through modulation of neurogenesis, and e.g., Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's Disease, ALS, stroke, ADD, and neuropsychiatry syndromes (U.S. Patent Pub. No.'s 20050009742 and 20020115605); converting liver stem/progenitor cells into functional cells pancreatic (WO03/033697); preventing beta-cell deterioration (U.S. Patent Pub.
  • GLP-1 is, however, metabolically unstable, having a plasma half-life (ti /2 ) of only 1-2 min in vivo. Exogenously administered GLP-1 is also rapidly degraded (Deacon, C.F., et al., Diabetes 44:1126-1131 , 1995). This metabolic instability limits the therapeutic potential of native GLP-1. A number of attempts have been taken to improve the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 and its analogs through improvements in formulation.
  • European patent publication no. EP 0619322A2 describes the preparation of micro-crystalline forms of GLP-1 (7-37)OH by mixing solutions of the protein in pH 7-8.5 buffer with certain combinations of salts and low molecular weight polyethylene glycols (PEG).
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,566,490 describes seeding microcrystals of, inter alia, GLP-1 which are said to aid in the production of purified peptide products.
  • U.S. Patent 6,555,521 discloses GLP-1 crystals having a tetragonal flat rod or a plate-like shape which are said to have improved purity and to exhibit extended in vivo activity.
  • a biodegradable triblock copolymer of poly [(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)- ⁇ - ethylene glycol-/3-(-lactide-co-glycolide)] has been suggested for use in a controlled release formulation of GLP-1.
  • the manufacture of triblock copolymer involves complex protocols and inconsistent particulate formation.
  • biodegradable polymers e.g., poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), have also been suggested for use in sustained delivery formulations of peptides.
  • biodegradable polymers have been disfavored in the art since these polymers generally have poor solubility in water and require water- immiscible organic solvents, e.g., methylene chloride, and/or harsh preparation conditions during manufacture. Such organic solvents and/or harsh preparation conditions are considered to increase the risk of inducing conformational change of the peptide or protein of interest, resulting in decreased structural integrity and compromised biological activity (Choi et al., Pharm. Research, Vol. 21 , No. 5, (2004).) Poloxamers have been likewise faulted. (Id.)
  • GLP-1 compositions described in the foregoing references are less than ideal for preparing pharmaceutical formulations of GLP's since they tend to trap impurities and/or are otherwise difficult to reproducibly manufacture and administer.
  • GLP analogs are known to induce nausea at elevated concentrations, thus there is a need to provide a sustained drug effect with reduced initial plasma concentrations (Ritzel et al., Diabetologia, 38: 720-725 (1995); Gutniak et al., Diabetes Care, 17(9): 1039-1044 (1994); Deacon et al., Diabetes, 44: 1126-1131 (1995).)
  • GLP-1 formulations which are more easily and reliably manufactured, that are more easily and reproducibly administered to a patient, and that provide for reduced initial plasma concentrations in order to reduce or eliminate unwanted side-effects.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a GLP-1 analog.
  • a GLP-1 analog according to formula (I):
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the invention does not consist of a clear aqueous ZnCI 2 solution having pH 4 in which said [Aib 835 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 is present at a concentration of 4 mg/ml and said ZnCI 2 is present at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.
  • a pharmaceutical composition having an improved drug release profile, preferably with a reduced initial burst.
  • the present invention also provides for pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) having an extended duration of action.
  • the invention also provides for a pharmaceutical composition which precipitates in vivo at physiological pH to form an in situ deposit for a sustained release drug profile.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides for a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent comprises water.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound or GLP-1 peptide analog prepared with a salt of the peptide or with a mixture of peptide and salt thereof.
  • the salt of the GLP-1 peptide analog in said pharmaceutical composition is selected from the list of pharmaceutically acceptable salts of organic acids, such as those of acetic, lactic, malic, ascorbic, succinic, benzoic, citric, methanesulphonic or toluenesulphonic acids, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of inorganic acids, such as those of hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydriodic, sulfuric or phosphoric acids.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid are particularly preferred.
  • a strong acid is defined as an acid having a pKA of less than 4.5.
  • Additional preferred peptide salts in said pharmaceutical composition are salts of organic acids such as those of acetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid, lactic, malic, ascorbic, succinic, benzoic, or citric acid.
  • the solubility, the pH, and the release profile of the pharmaceutical composition can be modulated by adjusting the molar ratio of GLP-1 analog in salt form to GLP-1 analog not in salt form to extend the release profile and reduce the initial spike in GLP-1 analog concentration.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a divalent metal to lower the water solubility of the composition and thereby extend the release profile while simultaneously reducing the initial burst or spike in plasma concentrations.
  • Preferred divalent metals include zinc and copper. Salt forms of the divalent metals are particularly preferred, including but not limited to chloride and acetate salts of the divalent metals. CuAc 2 , CuCI 2 , ZnAc 2 , and/or ZnCI 2 are most preferred.
  • the divalent metal and/or divalent metal salts in said pharmaceutical composition is present in a concentration from about 0.0005mg/ml to about 50mg/m.
  • the divalent metal and/or divalent metal salts in said pharmaceutical composition is present in a concentration from about 0.01 mg/ml to about 0.50 mg/ml.
  • said pharmaceutical composition comprises a diluent, wherein said diluent comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous solution.
  • the diluent may comprise sterile water.
  • said pharmaceutical composition further comprises a divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt, wherein the molar ratio of said GLP-1 analog to said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt in said pharmaceutical composition ranges from approximately 6:1 to approximately 1 :1.
  • said ratio ranges from approximately 5.5:1 to approximately 1 :1.
  • said ratio ranges from approximately 5.4:1 to approximately 1.5:1.
  • said ratio is approximately 5.4:1 , 4.0:1 , or 1.5:1.
  • said ratio is approximately 1.5:1.
  • What is meant by approximately in this aspect of the invention is a ratio of 1.5:1 ⁇ 10% each target value, thus expected ratios include ratios encompassing, e.g., 1.35-1.65:0.85-1.15.
  • said pharmaceutical composition comprises an aqueous mixture, suspension or solution, wherein said analog of GLP-1 , compound of formula (I), or salt thereof is present at a concentration of approximately 0.5% - 30% (w/w). More preferably the concentration of said GLP-1 analog and/or salt thereof in said aqueous mixture, suspension or solution is approximately 1 %, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11 %, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21 %, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, or 30% (w/w).
  • the concentration of said GLP-1 analog and/or salt thereof in said aqueous solution is approximately 1 %, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11 %, 14%, 15%, 16%, 19%, 20%, 21 %, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 29%, or 30% (w/w). More preferably still, the concentration of said analog of GLP-1 analog and/or salt thereof in said aqueous solution is approximately 1 %, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 9%, 10%, 11 %, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, or 26% (w/w).
  • the concentration of said analog of GLP-1 and/or salt thereof in said aqueous solution is approximately 1 %, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 10%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, or 26% (w/w). Still more preferably, the concentration of said analog of GLP-1 and/or salt thereof in said aqueous solution is approximately 1 %, 2%, 5%, 10%, 23% or 25% (w/w).
  • the concentration of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 , analog of GLP-1 , or salt thereof in the pharmaceutical composition is about 1 % (weight/volume) and the molar ratio of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 to said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is about 1.5:1. More preferably, the concentration of [Aib 8 35 ]hGLP-1(7- 36)NH 2 or salt thereof in said pharmaceutical composition is about 2% (weight/volume) and the molar ratio of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP-1 (7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof to said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is about 1.5:1.
  • the concentration of [Aib 8 35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof in said pharmaceutical composition is about 10% (weight/volume) and the molar ratio of [Aib 8l35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof to said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is about 1.5:1.
  • the concentration of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP-1(7- 36)NH 2 or salt thereof in said pharmaceutical composition is about 23% or about 25% (weight/volume) and the molar ratio of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof to said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is about 1.5:1.
  • the concentration of the analog of GLP-1 , [Aib 8l35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 , or salts thereof in the pharmaceutical composition is about 5% (weight/volume) and the molar ratio of the peptide to the divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is approximately 5.4:1. More preferably, the concentration of [Aib 835 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof in said composition is about 5% (weight/volume) and said ratio is approximately 4.0:1. More preferably still, the concentration of [Aib 8i35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof in said composition is about 10% (weight/volume) and said ratio is approximately 5.4:1.
  • the concentration of [Aib 835 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 or salt thereof in said composition is about 10% (weight/volume) and said ratio is approximately 4.0:1.
  • said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is provided as zinc chloride or zinc acetate. More preferably, said zinc acetate is provided as ZnAc 2 -2 H 2 O.
  • said divalent metal and/or divalent metal salt is provided as copper chloride or copper acetate.
  • the pH of said pharmaceutical composition is adjusted upward using a base. More preferably, said pH adjustment is made using NaOH. More preferably still, the pH of said pharmaceutical composition is adjusted with NaOH such that, when diluted to approximately ⁇ A initial concentration using 0.9% NaCI, a pH value of approximately 5.0 - 5.5 is obtained using direct potentiometric determination.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention features a pharmaceutical composition, wherein the composition is formulated such that a peptide analog of GLP-1 or salt thereof, e.g., the compound according to formula (I) or salt thereof, is released within a subject in need thereof, e.g., a mammal, preferably a human, for an extended period of time.
  • a subject in need thereof e.g., a mammal, preferably a human
  • said release of said compound extends for at least one hour, more preferably at least 4, 6, 12, or 24 hours.
  • said composition is formulated such that the compound according to formula (I) is released within a subject for at least 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, or 96 hours.
  • said composition is formulated such that the compound according to formula (I) is released within a subject for at least approximately 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 , 12, 13, or 14 days. More preferably still, said composition is formulated such that the compound according to formula (I) is released within a subject for at least approximately 2, 3 or 4 weeks. Even more preferably, said composition is formulated such that the compound according to formula (I) is released within a subject for at least approximately 1 , 1.5, 2, or 3 months, or longer.
  • the modulation of the salt content of the GLP-1 peptide analog in said pharmaceutical composition improves the solubility and the stability of the GLP-1 peptide analog in the pharmaceutical composition and furthermore provides an improvement on the in vivo release profile by decreasing the initial burst.
  • modulation means in this aspect of the invention adjustment of salt content by adjusting the molar ratio of the GLP-1 analog in salt form to GLP- 1 analog not in salt form.
  • the peptide salt in said pharmaceutical composition is a salt of hydrochloric or acetic acid, or chlorides or acetates of said peptide of formula (1 ).
  • the acetate or chlorides is present as final molar ratio of acetate or chloride to said compound of formula (1 ) in ranges from approximately of 0.5:1 to approximately 10:1. More preferably said ratio ranges from approximately 0.8:1 to approximately 9:1. Even more preferably said ratio is approximately 1 :1 to approximately 6:1. Most preferably said ratio is approximately 3.0:1 in particular 3.2:1.
  • the molar ratio of acetate or chloride to peptide means the molar proportion of acetate (CH 3 COO " ) or chloride (Cl " ) in the pharmaceutical composition to the molar proportion of the peptide in the pharmaceutical composition.
  • acetate is three times the molar content of the peptide in proportion. This is a stoichiometric ratio of a compound compared to the other.
  • the pharmaceutical composition pH is adjusted by modulation of the acetate content of the composition.
  • the pH ranges of said pharmaceutical composition is from pH 3 to pH 6. More preferably said pH ranges of said pharmaceutical composition is from pH 3.5 to 5.5. Most preferably said pH ranges of said pharmaceutical composition is from pH 4.2 to pH 4.6.
  • the acetate content may be increased by adding acetic acid.
  • the pH of the said pharmaceutical composition may be increased starting from a peptide salt of an analog of GLP-1 having a low acetate or no acetate content by modulation of acetate content.
  • adjustment of the pH in the final pharmaceutical composition by modulation of acetate or chloride content allows modulation of parameters such as, the peptide concentration, the zinc concentration, the chemical stability, the physical stability and in vivo release profile by decreasing the initial burst.
  • Zn or Cu content is fixed, pH is controlled by modulating the acetate content.
  • Increased content of acetate shows an improvement on the solubility and the physical stability and decreased content of acetate shows an increasing effect on the pH and decreasing effect on the C max .
  • said pharmaceutical composition comprises an aqueous mixture, suspension or solution.
  • the present invention also provides for a method of eliciting a GLP-1 agonist effect, said method comprising contacting a receptor of the GLP-1 (7- 36)NH 2 ligand with a GLP-1 analog or salt thereof, directly or indirectly.
  • said receptor of the GLP-1 (7-36)NH 2 ligand is present in an animal subject, preferably a primate, more preferably a human being.
  • the present invention provides a method of eliciting an agonist effect from a GLP-1 receptor in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering to said subject a composition of the instant invention, wherein said composition comprises an effective amount of a GLP-1 analog or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • said subject is a human afflicted with, or at risk of developing, a disease or condition selected from the group consisting of Type I diabetes, Type Il diabetes, gestational diabetes, obesity, excessive appetite, insufficient satiety, and metabolic disorder.
  • said disease is Type I diabetes or Type Il diabetes.
  • said subject is a human afflicted with, or at risk of developing, a disease selected from the group consisting of Type I diabetes, Type Il diabetes, obesity, glucagonomas, secretory disorders of the airway, arthritis, osteoporosis, central nervous system disease, restenosis, neurodegenerative disease, renal failure, congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, pulmonary edema, hypertension, and disorders wherein the reduction of food intake is desired, a disease or disorder of the central nervous system, (e.g., through modulation of neurogenesis, and e.g., Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's Disease, ALS, stroke, ADD, and neuropsychiatric syndromes), irritable bowel syndrome, myocardial infarction (e.g., reducing the morbidity and/or mortality associated therewith), stroke, acute coronary syndrome (e.g., characterized by an absence of Q-wave) myocardi
  • a disease selected from the group consisting
  • the invention features a method of converting liver stem/progenitor cells into functional pancreatic cells, of preventing beta-cell deterioration and of stimulating beta-cell proliferation, of suppressing plasma blood levels of norepinepherine, of inducing an inotropic response and of increasing cardiac contractility, of improving nutrition via a non-alimentary route, (e.g., via intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, peritoneal, or other injection or infusion rout), of pre-treating a subject to undergo an endoscopic procedures, and of modulating triglyceride levels, in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to said subject a formulation of the present invention comprising an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • said subject is a mammalian animal, more preferably a primate, more preferably still a human being.
  • Figure 1 depicts the plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to dogs of approximately 1 mg of [Aib 8i35 ]hGLP- 1(7-36)NH2.
  • the peptide was administered as an aqueous zinc composition comprising approximately 1 % (wt/vol) peptide and having a peptide:Zn molar ratio of approximately 1.5.
  • Filled squares and open squares represent compositions in which the pH is adjusted with NaOH as described herein; filled triangles represent a composition in which the pH was not adjusted with NaOH; filled circles represent a composition in buffered with AcOH/AcO-.
  • Figure 2 depicts the plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to dogs of approximately 15 mg of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 .
  • the peptide was administered as an aqueous zinc composition comprising approximately 10% (wt/vol) peptide and having a peptide:Zn molar ratio of approximately 1.5.
  • Filled squares and open squares represent compositions in which the pH is adjusted with NaOH as described herein; filled triangles represent a composition in which the pH was not adjusted with NaOH; filled circles represent a composition in buffered with AcOH/AcO-.
  • Figure 3 depicts the plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to dogs of approximately 1 mg of [Aib 8 35 ]hGLP- 1(7-36)NH 2 .
  • the peptide was administered as an semisolid aqueous zinc composition as follows: solid circle: about 5% (wt/vol) peptide, peptide:Zn molar ratio about 5.4:1 , no pH adjustment; open circle: about 10% (wt/vol) peptide, peptide:Zn molar ratio about 5.4:1 , no pH adjustment; open square: about 10% (wt/vol) peptide, peptide:Zn molar ratio about 5.4:1 , pH adjusted with NaOH; solid square: about 10% (wt/vol) peptide, peptide:Zn molar ratio about 4:1 , pH adjusted with NaOH.
  • Figure 4 provides a schematic presentation of various devices useful in preparing certain formulations of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 depicts the plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to dogs of approximately 1 mg of [Aib 8 ' 35 ]hGLP- 1(7-36)NH 2 .
  • the peptide was administered as an aqueous zinc composition having a peptide concentration of about 2%, and a peptide:Zn molar ratio of about 1.5:1.
  • Figure 6 depicts the plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to dogs of approximately 15 mg of
  • the peptide was administered as a semisolid zinc composition having a peptide concentration of about 25%, and a peptide:Zn molar ratio of about 4:1.
  • Figure 7 depicts the plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to dogs of approximately 15 mg of
  • the peptide was administered as a semisolid zinc composition having a peptide concentration of about 23%, and a peptide:Zn molar ratio of about 1.5:1.
  • Figure 8 depicts the full time course plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to rats of 0.3mg of (3 ⁇ l_ of 10% solution) of the GLP-1 analog HCI salt test formulations:
  • Figure 9 depicts the full time course plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to rats of 0.3mg of (3 ⁇ l_ of 10% solution) of the GLP-1 analog acetate salt test formulation:
  • Figure 10 depicts the early time course plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to rats of 0.3mg of (3 ⁇ l_ of 10% solution) of the test formulations shown in Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 depicts the early time course plasma profiles (median values) obtained after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration to rats of 0.3mg of (3 ⁇ l_ of 10% solution) of the test formulations shown in Figure 9.
  • Figure 12 depicts the estimated percentage of (Aib 8i35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 remaining at the injection site of rats after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of 0.3mg of (3 ⁇ l_ of 10% solution) of the three test formulations shown in Figure 8.
  • a preferred GLP-1 peptide, to be utilized as a peptide salt of the invention, is denoted herein by the following format, e.g., (Aib 8l35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 , with the substituted amino acids from the natural sequence placed between the first set of parentheses (e.g., Aib 8 ' 35 denotes that Aib is substituted for Ala 8 and GIy 35 in hGLP-1 ).
  • Aib is the abbreviation for ⁇ -aminoisobutyric acid.
  • the abbreviation GLP- 1 means glucagon-like peptide-1 ; hGLP-1 means human glucagon-like peptide-1.
  • hGLP-1 (7-36) refers to amino acids 7 through 36 of the peptide sequence for human GLP-1 ).
  • the sequence for hGLP-1 (7-37) is listed in Mojsov, S., Int. J. Peptide Protein Res,. 40, 1992, pp. 333-342.
  • the designation "NH 2 " in hGLP-1 (7-36)NH 2 indicates that the C-terminus of the peptide is amidated.
  • hGLP-1 (7-36) means that the C-terminus is the free acid.
  • residues in positions 37 and 38 are GIy and Arg, respectively, unless otherwise indicated.
  • Particularly preferred GLP-1 peptide analogs used in this invention are in the form of pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • such salts include, but are not limited to, those formed with organic acids (e.g., acetic, lactic, maleic, citric, malic, ascorbic, succinic, benzoic, methanesulfonic, toluenesuffonic, or pamoic acid), inorganic acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid), and polymeric acids (e.g., tannic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, polylactic, polyglycolic, or copolymers of polylactic-glycolic acids).
  • organic acids e.g., acetic, lactic, maleic, citric, malic, ascorbic, succinic, benzoic, methanesulfonic, toluenesuffonic, or pamoic acid
  • inorganic acids e.g., hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid
  • a typical method of making a salt of a peptide of the present invention is well known in the art and can be accomplished by standard methods of salt exchange. Accordingly, the TFA salt of a peptide of the present invention (the TFA salt results from the purification of the peptide by using preparative HPLC, eluting with TFA containing buffer solutions) can be converted into another salt, such as an acetate salt by dissolving the peptide in a small amount of 0.25 N acetic acid aqueous solution. The resulting solution is applied to a semi-prep HPLC column (Zorbax, 300 SB, C-8).
  • the column is eluted with (1 ) 0.1 N ammonium acetate aqueous solution for 0.5 hrs., (2) 0.25N acetic acid aqueous solution for 0.5 hrs. and (3) a linear gradient (20% to 100% of solution B over 30 min.) at a flow rate of 4 ml/min (solution A is 0.25N acetic acid aqueous solution; solution B is 0.25N acetic acid in acetonitrile/water, 80:20).
  • solution A is 0.25N acetic acid aqueous solution
  • solution B is 0.25N acetic acid in acetonitrile/water, 80:20.
  • the fractions containing the peptide are collected and lyophilized to dryness.
  • GLP-1 As is well known to those skilled in the art, the known and potential uses of GLP-1 are varied and multitudinous (See, Todd, J. F., et al., Clinical Science, 1998, 95, pp. 325-329; and Todd, J. F. et al., European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1997, 27, pp.533-536). Thus, the administration of the compounds of this invention for purposes of eliciting an agonist effect can have the same effects and uses as GLP-1 itself.
  • GLP-1 GLP-1 vascular endothelial pulmonary edema
  • the present invention includes within its scope pharmaceutical compositions as defined herein comprising, as an active ingredient, a compound of formula (I).
  • the dosage of active ingredient in the formulations of this invention may be varied; however, it is necessary that the amount of the active ingredient be such that a suitable dosage is obtained.
  • the selected dosage depends upon the desired therapeutic effect, on the route of administration, and on the duration of the treatment, and normally will be determined by the attending physician.
  • an effective dosage for the activities of this invention is in the range of 1x10 ⁇ 7 to 200 mg/kg/day, preferably IxIO "4 to 100 mg/kg/day, which can be administered as a single dose or divided into multiple doses.
  • the formulations of this invention are preferably administered parenterally, e.g., intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, intravenously, subcutaneously, and the like.
  • Preparations according to this invention for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, gels, or emulsions, provided that the desired in vivo release profile is achieved.
  • nonaqueous solvents or vehicles are propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils, such as olive oil and corn oil, gelatin, and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate.
  • Such dosage forms may also contain adjuvants such as preserving, wetting, emulsifying, and dispersing agents.
  • compositions may be sterilized by, for example, filtration through a bacteria-retaining filter, by incorporating sterilizing agents into the compositions, by irradiating the compositions, or by heating the compositions. They can also be manufactured in the form of sterile solid compositions which can be dissolved in sterile water, or some other sterile injectable medium immediately before use.
  • Peptides useful for practicing the present invention can be and were prepared by standard solid phase peptide synthesis. See, e.g., Stewart, J. M., et al., Solid Phase Synthesis (Pierce Chemical Co., 2d ed. 1984).
  • Boc- ⁇ Ala-OH, Boc-D-Arg(Tos)-OH and Boc-D-Asp(OcHex) were purchased from Nova Biochem, San Diego, California.
  • Boc-Aun-OH was purchased from Bachem, King of Prussia, PA.
  • Boc-Ava-OH and Boc-Ado-OH were purchased from Chem-lmpex International, Wood Dale, IL.
  • Boc-2Nal-OH was purchased from Synthetech, Inc. Albany, OR.
  • Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane; and Bis-Tris for Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino- tris(hydroxymethyl)methane (i.e., 2-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)- 1 ,3-propanediol).
  • halo or “halogen” encompasses fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Also, all publications, patent applications, patents and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference.
  • Boc amino acids (Bachem, CA, Torrance, CA; Nova Biochem., LaJoIIa, CA) were used with the following side chain protection: Boc-Ala-OH, Boc-Arg(Tos)-OH, Boc-Asp(OcHex)-OH, Boc- Tyr(2BrZ)-OH, Boc-His(DNP)-OH, Boc-Val-OH, Boc-Leu-OH, Boc-Gly-OH, Boc- GIn-OH, Boc-lle-OH, Boc-Lys(2CIZ)-OH, Boc-Thr(Bzl)-OH, Boc-Ser(Bzl)-OH, Boc- Phe-OH, Boc-Aib-OH, Boc-Glu(OcHex)-OH and Boc-Trp(Fm)-OH.
  • Boc amino acids 2.5 mmol
  • HBTU 2.0 mmol
  • DIEA 1.0 ml
  • Coupling times were 5 min. except for the Boc-Aib-OH residues and the following residues, Boc-l_ys(2CIZ)-OH and Boc-His(DNP)-OH wherein the coupling times were 2 hours.
  • the resin was treated with a solution of 20% mercaptoethanol/10% DIEA in DMF for 2 x 30 min. to remove the DNP group on the His side chain.
  • the N-terminal Boc group was then removed by treatment with 100% TFA for 2 x 2 min.
  • the formyl group on the side chain of Trp was removed by treatment with a solution of 15% ethanolamine/ 15% water/ 70% DMF for 2 x 30 min.
  • the peptide-resin was washed with DMF and DCM and dried under reduced pressure.
  • the final cleavage was done by stirring the peptide-resin in 10 ml of HF containing 1 ml of anisole and dithiothreitol (24 mg) at 0°C for 75 min. HF was removed by a flow of nitrogen. The residue was washed with ether (6 x 10 ml) and extracted with 4N HOAc (6 x 10 ml). The peptide mixture in the aqueous extract was purified on reverse-phase preparative high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a reverse phase VYDAC® C-I 8 column (Nest Group, Southborough, MA).
  • HPLC reverse-phase preparative high pressure liquid chromatography
  • A content of pure peptide (mg).
  • a formulation comprising a percentage of peptide describes a formulation comprising a weight of peptide per total weight of the composition, e.g., 1 % peptide, describes a formulation comprising 1g of peptide per 10Og of total composition.
  • compositions are prepared by mixing 20 mg freeze-dried (Aib 8 ' 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 (see 2.1 B (iv) above) with 2 ml Of ZnCI 2 solution (0.272 mg/ml; see 2.1 B (i) above)
  • compositions are prepared by mixing 20 mg freeze-dried (Aib 8 ' 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 (see 2.1 B (iv) above) with 1 ml Of ZnCI 2 solution (0.544 mg/ml; see 2.1 B (i) above)
  • compositions are prepared by mixing 50 mg freeze-dried (Aib 8 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 (see 2.1 B (v) above) with 0.45 ml of ZnCI 2 solution
  • Freeze-dried peptides and solutions were allowed to equilibrate to room temperature.
  • the designated volume of ZnCI 2 solution was injected into the vial containing the freeze-dried peptide and hydration allowed to proceed for about 2 minutes for 1 % or 2% peptide compositions to about 60 minutes for 10% peptide composition, or until all freeze-dried peptide is completely hydrated and the solution is free of clumps of peptide. Following hydration, the reconstituted peptide is shaken for approximately 1 minute.
  • the appropriate amount of dissolved peptide may be removed for dosing, e.g., 100 ul of a 1 % peptide solution prepared as per A above equates to a 1 mg dose, 50 ul of a 2% peptide solution prepared as per B above equates to a 1 mg dose, 150 ul of a 10% peptide solution prepared as per C above equates to a 15 mg dose, etc.
  • compositions with 1-10% freeze-dried peptide and ZnCb. with a PH adjustment
  • Formulations comprising about 1 %, or about 2% up to about 10% peptide were prepared as follows. Freeze-dried samples of (Aib 8l35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 prepared as described were thoroughly mixed with a ZnCI 2 stock solution pH 3 at
  • the desired pH of the solution is reached by the addition of diluted NaOH solution.
  • compositions are prepared by mixing 20 mg freeze-dried (Aib 8 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 (see 2.1 B (iv) above) with 1.8 ml of ZnCI 2 solution (see 2.1 B (i) above)
  • compositions are prepared by mixing 20 mg freeze-dried (Aib 8 ' 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 (see 2.1 B (iv) above) with 0.9 ml Of ZnCI 2 solution (see 2.1 B (i) above)
  • compositions are prepared by mixing 50 mg freeze-dried (Aib 8 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 (see 2.1 B (v) above)with 0.40 ml of ZnCI 2 solution
  • compositions Add 0.2 ml of NaOH solution of proper concentration 2% composition: Add 0.1 ml of NaOH solution of proper concentration 10% composition: Add 0.05 ml of NaOH solution of proper concentration Using the teachings of the instant application, one skilled in the art could vary the amounts of peptide and ZnCI 2 to achieve compositions other than the 1 %, 2% and 10% compositions detailed below.
  • Liquid formulations comprising about 1 %, or about 2% up to about 10% peptide were prepared as follows. Samples of (Aib 8t35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 were weighed and mixed with a ZnCI 2 stock solution pH 3 to achieve the target concentration of 1 %, 2%, up to 10% peptide. Following mixing, the composition is filter sterilized and stored until use.
  • Liquid formulations comprising about 1 %, or about 2% up to about 10% peptide were prepared as follows. Samples of (Aib 8 ' 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 were weighed and thoroughly mixed with a ZnCI 2 stock solution pH 3 at 80% of the total excipient volume. The zinc solution may be either ZnCI 2 or ZnAc 2 *2H20. The desired pH of the solution is reached by the addition of diluted NaOH solution. Preparations C5 to C13 were prepared using this method.
  • Semi-solid or gel formulations comprising about 25% peptide were prepared as follows. Samples of (Aib 8l35 )HGLP-1 (7-36)NH 2 were weighed and thoroughly mixed with a ZnCI 2 stock solution pH 2 at 66.66% of the total excipient volume. The zinc solution may be either ZnCI 2 or ZnAc 2 *2H 2 0. Preparations C1 and C2 were prepared using this method.
  • HV two-way hand valve
  • Semi-solid or gel formulations comprising about 25% peptide were prepared as follows. Samples of (Aib 8 ' 35 )HGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 were weighed and thoroughly mixed with a ZnCI 2 stock solution pH 2 at 66.66% of the total excipient volume.
  • the zinc solution may be either ZnCI 2 or ZnAc 2 *2H 2 0.
  • the desired pH of the solution is reached by the addition of diluted NaOH solution.
  • the total volume of liquid added to the powder must be divided between the zinc and the NaOH solutions. Therefore, the concentration of the zinc solution was adjusted so that the total volume of zinc solution needed was reduced to 50% of the total liquid volume added to the peptide powder (step d). The remaining 50% of the total liquid volume added to the peptide powder was added as NaOH solution as detailed below.
  • Preparations C3 and C4 were prepared using this method.
  • HV two-way hand valve
  • Target value shown Actual value was within 5% of target i n all cases
  • a compound useful to practice the present invention can be tested for its ability to bind to the GLP-1 receptor using the following procedure.
  • Cell Culture RIN 5F rat insulinoma cells (ATCC-# CRL-2058, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA), expressing the GLP-1 receptor, were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal calf serum, and maintained at about 37 0 C in a humidifed atmosphere of 5% CO 2 /95% air.
  • DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
  • Membranes were prepared for radioligand binding studies by homogenization of the RIN cells in 20 ml of ice-cold 50 mM Tris-HCI with a Brinkman Polytron (Westbury, NY) (setting 6, 15 sec). The homogenates were washed twice by centrifugation (39,000 g / 10 min), and the final pellets were resuspended in 50 mM Tris-HCI, containing 2.5 mM MgC ⁇ , 0.1 mg/ml bacitracin (Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO), and 0.1 % BSA.
  • the filters were then washed three times with 5 ml aliquots of ice-cold 50 mM Tris- HCI, and the bound radioactivity trapped on the filters was counted by gamma spectrometry (Wallac LKB, Gaithersburg, MD). Specific binding was defined as the total ( 125 I)GLP-I (7-36) bound minus that bound in the presence of 1000 nM GLP1(7-36) (Bachem, Torrence, CA).
  • a compound that may advantageously be used to practice the invention can be tested to determine its solubility in PBS at different pHs and temperatures using the following procedure.
  • a stock PBS buffered solution was made by dissolving one packet of pre- mixed powder (SIGMA, Product No.: P-3813) in one liter of de-ionized water to yield 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline with 138 mM NaCI, 2.7 mM KCI, and a pH of 7.4. PBS buffers with different pH values were made by adjusting the pH of this stock solution with phosphoric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.
  • a compound that may advantageously be used to practice the invention can be tested to determine its solubility in saline at different pH values and temperatures using the following procedure.
  • a stock saline solution is prepared by dissolving 9 grams of NaCI in one liter of de-ionized water. Saline solutions with different pH values are made by adjusting the pH of this stock solution with HCI and/or NaOH.
  • Two mg samples of a compound to be tested e.g., 2 mg of a compound of example 1 , are weighed into glass vials. Into each vial is added a 50 ⁇ l aliquot of saline solution at a certain pH. The vial is vortexed and, if necessary, sonicated until clear. For each tested pH the total volume of saline needed to dissolve 2 mg of the compound is recorded and the solubility is calculated. Solutions that are clear at room temperature (20-25° C) are placed in a refrigerator (4° C) overnight and the solubility at 4° C then examined.
  • Saline solution is prepared by dissolving 9 grams of NaCI in one liter of de- ionized water.
  • a 2 mg sample of a compound to be tested e.g., a compound of example 1
  • a 2 mg sample of a compound to be tested is weighed into a glass vial and 1 ml aliquots of saline are added, with vortexing and sonication, until clear.
  • the total volume of saline used to dissolve 2 mg of peptide is recorded and the solubility at room temperature is calculated.
  • a stock saline solution is prepared by dissolving 9 grams of NaCI in one liter of de-ionized water. Saline solutions having various pH values are obtained by treating aliquots of this stock saline solution with HCI and NaOH.
  • a 2 mg sample of a compound to be tested e.g., the compound of example 1
  • a glass vial e.g., the compound of example 1
  • Aliquots of 50 ⁇ l of a saline buffer at a certain pH are added.
  • the solution is vortexed and sonicated until clear.
  • the total volume of buffer used to dissolve 2 mg of peptide is recorded and the solubility is calculated.
  • a stock zinc solution was prepared by dissolving ZnC ⁇ in de-ionized water to a concentration of 100 mg/ml and adjusting the pH to 2.7 using HCI. Solutions having various ZnC ⁇ concentrations (“Zn Test Solutions”) were prepared by making appropriate dilutions of the stock solution.
  • One mg of a compound to be tested e.g., 1 mg of the compound of
  • Example 1 was dissolved in 250 ⁇ l of each Zn Test Solution to yield a solution having 4 mg/ml of the compound. The pH of this solution was then adjusted using 0.2 N NaOH until white precipitates were observed to form. The precipitation solution was centrifuged and the mother liquor analyzed using HPLC. The UV absorption area of test compound peak was measured and the concentration of the test compound in the mother liquor was determined via comparison to a calibration curve.
  • Example 2 As a representative example of a compound that may be used to practice the invention, the compound of Example 1 was tested in the immediately foregoing assay and the following results were obtained (aqueous, pH 7.0, room temperature): Table 2
  • Invitrogen's Novex IEF pH3-10 gels were used to measure the pi of GLP-1 peptides, e.g., the compound of Example 1.
  • Peptidyl compounds to be tested were dissolved in water to a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.
  • 5 ⁇ l of the resulting solution was mixed with 5 ⁇ l of Novex ® Sample Buffer 2X (comprised of 20 mM Arginine free base, 20 mM Lysine free base and 15% Glycerol) and the resulting 10 ⁇ l sample solution was loaded onto the gel along with a protein standard sample.
  • Running buffers were also obtained from Invitrogen and the gel is run according to manufacture's instructions, generally as follows: 100 V constant for 1 hour, followed by 200 V constant for 1 hour, followed by 500 V constant for 30 minutes.
  • the gel was then fixed in 12% TCA containing 3.5% sulfosalicylic acid for 30 minutes, and then stained for 2 hours with Colloidal Coomassie Blue according to the instructions found on the Novex ® Colloidal Blue Kit thereafter, then de- stained in water overnight.
  • the gel was scanned and analyzed by the program Fragment Analysis 1.2. pi's of unknown peptides were calculated relative to the pi's of standard compounds having pi values of: 10.7, 9.5, 8.3, 8.0, 7.8, 7.4, 6.9, 6.0, 5.3, 5.2, 4.5, 4.2, and 3.5.
  • the measured pi of the compound of Example 1 was 7.60.
  • compositions of the present invention can be tested to determine their ability to promote and enhanced effect in vivo using the following assays.
  • Germantown, NY that weighed approximately 300-35Og were implanted with a right atrial jugular cannula under chlorohydrate anesthetic. The rats were then fasted for 18 hours prior to the injection of the appropriate test composition or vehicle control at time 0. The rats continued to be fasted throughout the entire experiment.
  • a 0.5 mg/ml ZnCI 2 solution was prepared by dilution of a solution of 100 mg/ml ZnCI 2 in an HCI solution having pH 2.7 water. 1 mg of the compound of formula (I) ((Aib 8 35 )hGLP1(7-36)NH 2 ) was dissolved in 250 ⁇ l of this solution to yield a clear solution having 4 mg/ml of the compound and 0.5 mg/ml Zn at pH 4. At time zero the rats were injected subcutaneously (sc) either with (a) the immediately forgoing solution of (Aib 8 , 35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 ), or with vehicle control.
  • sc subcutaneously
  • the injection volume was very small (4-6 ⁇ L) and the dose of GLP-1 compound administered to the subject was 75 ⁇ g/kg.
  • a 500 ⁇ l blood sample was withdrawn via the intravenous (iv) cannula and the rats were given an iv glucose challenge to test for the presence of enhanced insulin secretion.
  • the times of the glucose challenge were 0.25, 1 , 6, 12 and 24 hours post-compound injection.
  • glucose (1g/kg) was injected iv and flushed in with 500 ⁇ l heparinized saline (10U/ml). Thereafter, 500 ⁇ l blood samples were withdrawn at 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 minutes post-glucose injection.
  • a total of 6 male Beagle dogs, ages 42 - 78 months and 14 - 21 kg bodyweight were maintained with free access to water and once daily food (approx. 400 g of dry standard diet (SAFE 125).
  • SAFE 125 dry standard diet
  • the dogs were fasted 18 hours before administration of test composition.
  • the test composition was administered by subcutaneous route in the interscapular area by.
  • the blood was rapidly chilled after sampling until centrifugation, and the plasma decanted and rapidly frozen pending assay. Determination of peptide plasma concentration was made after off line solid phase extraction, followed by on-line phase extraction coupled to LC-MS/MS, and the data obtained managed by Analyst v1.2 software.
  • composition demonstrated an extended release of the active peptide for at least 2 days. 8.2. 1 % (Aib 8 ' 35 )hGLP1 (7-36)NH9) Solution:
  • compositions were examined for their ability to release the subject peptide over an extended period of time.
  • concentration of peptide was about 1 % (wt/wt)
  • ratio of peptide to zinc was about 1.5:1
  • dose of peptide administered was approximately 1 mg.
  • Solution 8.2.A (Aib 8 ' 35 )hGLP1(7-36)NH 2 in a solution containing (i) 90% ZnCI 2 (0.298 mg/ml) and (ii) 10% NaOH (0.975 mg/ml); Solution 8.2.B: (Aib 8 35 )hGLP1 (7-36)NH 2 in a solution of ZnCI 2 (0.286 mg/ml)
  • Solution 8.2. C Substantially similar to Solution 8.2. B, and buffered using AcOH/AcO '
  • Solution 8.2. D Substantially similar to Solution 8.2.A
  • the compositions provided for an extended release of (Aib 8 ' 35 )hGLP1(7- 36)NH 2 as depicted in Figure 1.
  • the following composition was examined for its ability to release the subject peptide over an extended period of time.
  • concentration of peptide was about 2% (wt/wt)
  • the ratio of peptide to zinc was about 1.5:1
  • the dose of peptide administered was approximately 1 mg.
  • Solution 8.3. (Aib 8 35 )hGLP1(7-36)NH 2 in a solution containing (i) 80% ZnCI 2 (0.695 mg/ml) and (ii) 20% NaOH (1.75 mg/ml);
  • composition provided for an extended release of (Aib 835 )hGLP1(7- 36)NH 2 , as depicted in Figure 5.
  • compositions were examined for their ability to release the subject peptide over an extended period of time.
  • concentration of peptide was about 10% (wt/wt)
  • ratio of peptide to zinc was about 1.5:1
  • dose of peptide administered was approximately 15 mg.
  • Solution 8.4.A (Aib 835 )hGLP1(7-36)NH 2 in a solution containing (i) 90% ZnCI 2 (3.367 mg/ml) and (ii) 10% NaOH (5.01 mg/ml); Solution 8.4.B: (Aib 835 )hGLP1 (7-36)NH 2 in a solution of ZnCI 2 (2.993 mg/ml)
  • Solution 8.4.C Substantially similar to Solution 8.4.B, and buffered using AcOH/AcO-
  • Solution 8.4. D Substantially similar to Solution 8.4.A
  • compositions provided for an extended release of (Aib 835 )hGLP1(7- 36)NH 2 as depicted in Figure 2.
  • compositions 8.5.A. the concentration of the peptide was about 5%, while for compositions 8.5. B, 8.4.C, and 8.5. D., the concentration of peptide was about 10%
  • compositions 8.5.A, 8.5. B, and 8.5. C were about 5.4:1 , while for composition 8.5. D the ratio was about 4.0:1.
  • dose of peptide administered was approximately 1 mg.
  • Composition 8.5.A (Aib 8i35 )hGLP1(7-36)NH 2 in a semisolid composition containing ZnCI 2 (0.40 mg/ml) in WFI.
  • Composition 8.5. B Substantially similar to Composition 8.5.A., wherein the ZnCL2 concentration has been adjusted upward to maintain a peptide:Zn ratio of about 5.4:1.
  • Composition 8.5.C (Aib 8 ' 35 )hGLP1(7-36)NH 2 in a semisolid containing (i) 50% ZnCI 2 (1.69 mg/ml) and (ii) 50% NaOH (1 mg/ml).
  • compositions provided for an extended release of (Aib 8i35 )hGLP1(7- 36)NH 2 , as depicted in Figure 3. 8.6.
  • the following semi-solid composition was examined for its ability to release the subject peptide over an extended period of time.
  • the composition was formulated according to the process detailed in section 2.6, above. The dose of peptide administered was approximately 15 mg (corresponding to about 65 microliters of the composition).
  • Composition 8.6 provided for an extended release of (Aib 8 35 )hGLP1(7- 36)NH 2 , as depicted in Figure 7.
  • compositions of the present invention provide a useful drug delivery platform for the compound of formula (I).
  • one skilled in the art could vary the amounts of peptide, ZnCI 2 and pH to prepare compositions of the present invention as described herein.
  • Example 9 PK profile modulation by Acetate content in 10% peptide solutions.
  • the method to conduct the in vivo assay is the same as disclosed under paragraph 8.1.
  • This example illustrates PK profile modulation by acetate content in the pharmaceutical composition and thus the influence of the ratio [acetate/peptide] in the pharmaceutical composition on the pH.
  • the pH modulation is controlled by the way of modulation of acetate content a decreasing content of acetate shows an increasing effect on the pH. A variation of acetate also shows an effect on the C max .. In general a decreasing content of acetate decreases the C max value.
  • An increased content of acetate shows an improvement on the solubility and the physical stability.
  • the improvement by the modulation of the ratio acetate/peptide on solubility or stability is compensated by the modulation of the ratio peptide/Zn for instance on the C max.
  • This can be seen as a system with three possible variables to adjust stability, solubility, the pH or C max.
  • the abbreviation SD means standard deviation.
  • AUC means the Artemisinin areas under the plasma concentration-time curve.
  • MRT mean residence time (MRT) is a parameter for estimating the rate of bioavailability to compare MRT with tmax wich is the time of peak drug concentration. MRTt was calculated using data from zero time through the last sampling time.
  • a TFA salt of a GLP-1 analog (the TFA salt results from the purification of the peptide by using preparative HPLC, eluting with TFA containing buffer solutions) can be converted into another salt, such as an acetate salt by dissolving the peptide in a small amount of 0.25 N acetic acid aqueous solution.
  • the resulting solution is applied to a semi-prep HPLC column (Zorbax, 300 SB, C-8). The column is eluted with (1 ) 0.1 N ammonium acetate aqueous solution for 0.5 hrs., (2) 0.25N acetic acid aqueous solution for 0.5 hrs.
  • Rats were dosed at 0.3 mg/rat (3 ⁇ l_ of 10% solution) subcutaneously with these three formulations of (Aib 8 35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 .
  • Blood samples were collected at 5, 10, 15, 30 min, 1 , 2, 4, 8 hours, and 1 , 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 days.
  • Plasma was collected from the blood by centrifugation and stored at -80 0 C.
  • the tissue at the injection site was also collected, homogenized in 5x methanol, and stored at - 8O 0 C.
  • Two rats were used for the 5, 10, 15, 30 min, and 1 , 2, 4, 8 hours data points.
  • One rat was used for 1 , 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 days data points.
  • Plasma (200 ⁇ l_) was acidified with 10 ⁇ l_ formic acid and precipitated with
  • Tissue methanol extract (10 ⁇ l_) was diluted to 1 ml_ 30% acetonitrile in water and 50 ⁇ l_ was injected for LC-MS/MS analysis.
  • LC-MS/MS analysis was done with an API4000 mass spectrometer system equipped with a Turbo lonspray probe.
  • the MRM mode of molecular ion detection was used with the ion pair of 668.9 and 136.1.
  • HPLC separation was performed with a Luna C8(2) 2x30 mm 3 ⁇ column run from 10% B to 90% B in 10 minutes at a flow rate of 0.30 mL/minute.
  • Buffer A is 1 % formic acid in water and buffer B is 1 % formic acid in acetonitrile.
  • LOQ was 0.5 ng/mL.
  • a full time course plot of the pharmacokinetics profile of the HCI salt formulations of (Aib 8l35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 is shown in Figure 8.
  • An early time course plot of the pharmacokinetics profile of the HCI salt formulations of (Aib 8l35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 is shown in Figure 9.
  • a full time course plot of the pharmacokinetics profile of the acetate salt formulation of (Aib 8>35 )hGLP-1(7- 36)NH 2 is shown in Figure 10.
  • An early time course plot of the pharmacokinetics profile of the acetate salt formulation of (Aib 8i35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 is shown in Figure 11.
  • Tissue accumulation profile of (Aib 8 ' 35 )hGLP-1(7-36)NH 2 at the injection site is further shown in Figure 12.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des analogues peptidiques du peptide 1 ressemblant au glucagon, leurs sels de qualité pharmaceutique, ainsi que des méthodes d'utilisation de ces analogues pour le traitement de mammifères et des compositions pharmaceutiques destinées au traitement de ces mammifères, comprenant lesdits analogues.
EP07868132.7A 2006-12-29 2007-12-31 Compositions pharmaceutiques à base de glp-1 Withdrawn EP2109454A4 (fr)

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US11/647,746 US20070244034A1 (en) 2005-06-30 2006-12-29 GLP-1 pharmaceutical compositions
US90058607A 2007-09-12 2007-09-12
PCT/US2007/026490 WO2008082656A1 (fr) 2006-12-29 2007-12-31 Compositions pharmaceutiques à base de glp-1

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EP2216042A1 (fr) * 2009-02-09 2010-08-11 Ipsen Pharma S.A.S. Compositions pharmaceutiques analogues au GLP-1
SG185604A1 (en) * 2010-05-17 2012-12-28 Zhejiang Beta Pharma Inc Novel glucagon like peptide analogs, composition, and method of use
CN103405753B (zh) * 2013-08-13 2016-05-11 上海仁会生物制药股份有限公司 稳定的促胰岛素分泌肽水针药物组合物
EP3727332A1 (fr) * 2017-12-21 2020-10-28 Sanofi Composition pharmaceutique liquide
EP3628683A1 (fr) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-01 Zealand Pharma A/S Formulations d'analogues de peptide-2 de type glucagon (glp-2)

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WO2007005738A2 (fr) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques S.A.S. Compositions pharmaceutiques de glp-1

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US4902434A (en) * 1988-10-21 1990-02-20 The Drackett Company Fabric treatment
US5545618A (en) * 1990-01-24 1996-08-13 Buckley; Douglas I. GLP-1 analogs useful for diabetes treatment
US6284727B1 (en) * 1993-04-07 2001-09-04 Scios, Inc. Prolonged delivery of peptides
EP2322545A1 (fr) * 1998-12-07 2011-05-18 Ipsen Pharma Analogues du GLP-1
TWI353250B (en) * 2003-12-16 2011-12-01 Ipsen Pharma Sas Glp-1 pharmaceutical compositions

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WO2007005738A2 (fr) * 2005-06-30 2007-01-11 Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifiques S.A.S. Compositions pharmaceutiques de glp-1

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KR20090096739A (ko) 2009-09-14
CN101668535B (zh) 2017-07-28
AU2007340369A1 (en) 2008-07-10
WO2008082656A1 (fr) 2008-07-10
AU2007340369B2 (en) 2011-12-22
AU2007340369C1 (en) 2013-05-02
KR101247665B1 (ko) 2013-04-02
JP2010523473A (ja) 2010-07-15
CN101668535A (zh) 2010-03-10

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