EP2104934B1 - Antenne sous-marine - Google Patents

Antenne sous-marine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2104934B1
EP2104934B1 EP07819860A EP07819860A EP2104934B1 EP 2104934 B1 EP2104934 B1 EP 2104934B1 EP 07819860 A EP07819860 A EP 07819860A EP 07819860 A EP07819860 A EP 07819860A EP 2104934 B1 EP2104934 B1 EP 2104934B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
plate
reflector plate
underwater antenna
rear wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07819860A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2104934A2 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Busch
Kai Wicker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP2104934A2 publication Critical patent/EP2104934A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2104934B1 publication Critical patent/EP2104934B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/002—Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
    • G10K11/008—Arrays of transducers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/20—Reflecting arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
    • G10K11/28—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using reflection, e.g. parabolic reflectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an underwater antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the reflector is designed as a spring-mass system and has, in addition to the composite of metal plates and intermediate layer acting as a spring, soft sound plate, such as an elastic foam plate, preferably from Polyurethane foam, which is disposed on the rear facing away from the sound incidence direction of the composite.
  • the designed as hydrophones - electro-acoustic transducers are glued to spacers, which are in turn inserted into the front metal plate of the reflector positionally accurate.
  • a hard encapsulation made of polyurethane a rod-shaped body, a so-called. Stave obtained, which is attached to the antenna carrier.
  • the underwater antenna has a multiplicity of staves arranged next to one another on the antenna carrier and, depending on the design of the antenna carrier (hollow cylinder or plate), is a so-called cylinder base or a so-called flank array.
  • the invention has for its object to suppress by design measures the formation of modes in the reflector of the underwater antenna.
  • the underwater antenna according to the invention has the advantage that due to the uneven shape of the reflector, no path lengths of constant geometry for the mode formation are present in the longitudinal direction of the reflector and thus prevent the formation of modes in the working frequency range of the underwater antenna becomes.
  • the transfer function of the inventively designed reflector has a constant frequency over the frequency in the working frequency range. The characteristic of modes of transfer function with maxima and minima is shifted to a higher frequency range, which is above the operating frequency of the converter.
  • the remote from the transducers rear wall of the reflector plate is designed so that the distance of the rear wall of the transducer facing, planar front wall of the reflector plate linearly increases or decreases.
  • the reflector plate thereby has a wedge shape.
  • the reflector is designed as a spring-mass system and additionally has a sound-absorbing plate, which bears against the rear wall of the reflector plate facing away from the transducers.
  • the sound-proof plate is shaped so that their seen in sound incidence direction thickness or height varies over the length of the reflector, for example so that the sound-soft plate also has wedge shape ,
  • a reflector 13 is arranged in the direction of sound incidence behind each row of transducers 11.
  • the sound incidence direction is indicated by arrow 10 in FIG Fig. 1 symbolizes.
  • the transducer row 11 and the reflector 13 are each embedded in an acoustically transparent hard encapsulation 14 of a processable by casting, essentially tough elastic elastomer.
  • polyurethane is used as the elastomer.
  • the hard encapsulation 14 creates a rod-shaped body, which is also referred to as a so-called. Stave.
  • a plurality of such staves are arranged side by side on an antenna carrier 15 so that the transducer rows 11 are vertically aligned.
  • the antenna carrier 15 may be, for example, the side wall of a submarine or a GRP cylinder.
  • the electroacoustic transducers 12 are designed as hydrophones, which are small ball ceramics and are provided for producing an electrical connection with connecting lines, not shown here. As also not shown here, lead the leads to connecting cables of an electro-acoustic receiving device.
  • the reflector 13 has two reflector plates 16, 17 and a bending wave damping intermediate layer 18.
  • the first reflector plate 16 is arranged in the direction of sound incidence 10 immediately behind the transducers 12 and receives the transducers 12 on a flat front wall 161.
  • the transducers 12 are adhesively bonded to small spacers 19, which in turn are fixed in exact position on the front wall 161, for example by small depressions in the front wall 161.
  • the second reflector plate 17 is arranged behind the first reflector plate 16 in the sound incidence direction 10, so that the front wall 172 of the second reflector plate 17 of the rear wall 162 of the first wall facing away from the transducers 12 Reflector plate 16 is facing.
  • the intermediate layer 18 is sandwiched between the rear wall 162 of the first reflector plate 16 and the front wall 171 of the second reflector plate 17.
  • the two reflector plates 16, 17 are metal plates and preferably made of aluminum.
  • the intermediate layer 18 is preferably designed as a film and glued to the two reflector plates 16, 17, that is to say with the rear wall 162 of the first reflector plate 16 and the front wall 171 of the second reflector plate 17.
  • the intermediate layer 18 serves to reduce the noise reaching the electroacoustic transducers 12, which is radiated by the antenna carrier 15 as a result of bending waves propagating therein. The bending waves are caused by vibrations in submarines or other vessels drive units and / or equipment.
  • An embodiment of the structure of the intermediate layer 18 is shown in DE 36 21 318 A1 described.
  • the reflector plates 16, 17 In order to suppress the formation of standing waves, so-called modes, in the reflector 13, the reflector plates 16, 17 have an irregular or non-uniform geometry over the length of the reflector 13 seen along the transducer row 11.
  • the rear wall 162 of the first reflector plate 16 is configured such that the distance a of the rear wall 162 from the front wall 161 varies along the length of the reflector 13. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 the distance a increases or decreases over the length of the reflector 13, so that the first reflector plate 16 has a wedge shape.
  • the second reflector plate 17 has a complementary shape to the first reflector plate 16, ie the distance b between the front wall 171 and rear wall 172 of the second reflector plate 17 takes over the length of the reflector 13 in opposite directions to the distance a between the front and Rear wall 161, 162 of the first reflector plate 16 from or to, so that the two reflector plates 16, 17 supplement with the interposed intermediate layer 18 to a cuboid mass body 20.
  • the course of the rear wall 162 of the first reflector plate 16 can be designed differently, wherein the increase or decrease of the distance a over the length can be continuous or discontinuous. In the embodiment of Fig.
  • the distance a of the rear wall 162 from the front wall 161 increases or decreases similarly to an e-function. Accordingly, in the complementary design of the second reflector plate 17, the distance b from the front and rear walls 171, 172 decreases from one another to the same degree. An exponential course of the distance measure a is also possible.
  • the rear wall 162 of the first reflector plate 16 is designed so that the distance a between front and rear walls 161, 162 in steps increases or decreases and according to the distance b between the front and rear walls 171, 172 of the second reflector plate 17 in stages - or increases.
  • the reflector 13 is formed as a spring-mass system and has in addition to the formed from the two reflector plates 16, 17 with constrained intermediate layer 18 mass body 20 a soft-sound plate 21 which is integrated with the hard encapsulation 14.
  • the sound-absorbing plate 21 is arranged in the direction of sound incidence 10 behind the second reflector plate 17 at the rear wall 172 thereof. It is realized by an elastic soft material plate, wherein preferably a sheet of polyurethane foam is used as a soft material plate. To the less significant training of fashions in the soundproof plate 21, the soundproof plate 21 may also have an irregular geometry.
  • the sound-soft plate 21 designed as a wedge, seen in the direction of sound incidence 10 thickness or height decreases over the reflector length.
  • the wedge shape may also be chosen so that the thickness of the wedge increases over the length of the reflector 13. Another change in thickness of the plate 21 over the length of the reflector 13 is also possible.
  • FIG. 4 Partially schematically sketched underwater antenna is opposite to in Fig. 1 schematically outlined underwater antenna modified insofar as the second reflector plate 17 and the intermediate layer 18 are omitted and in turn designed as a mass-spring system reflector 13 only on its front wall 161 the transducer 12 supporting the reflector plate 16 and the rear wall 162 of the reflector plate sixteenth fitting, soft-sound plate 21 in the form of a soft material plate z.
  • B. of PU foam comprises.
  • Transducer 12 and reflector 13 are in turn enclosed by the hard casing 14 made of polyurethane.
  • the rear wall 162 of the reflector plate 16 is in turn formed so that the distance a between the flat front wall 161 and the rear wall 162 constantly changes over the length of the reflector 13.
  • the rear wall 162 is provided with a row of teeth into which engages a complementary tooth row formed on the soft-sound plate 21.
  • the rear wall 162 may also be designed differently. It is only essential that the distance a varies continuously or discontinuously over the length of the reflector 13, eg as in FIG Fig. 4 gradually increases and decreases over relatively short distances.
  • Fig. 5 shows a detail of a schematic perspective view of the assembled from the plurality of transducer rows 11, planar underwater antenna, a so-called. Area array.
  • the transducer rows 11 are vertically aligned and arranged horizontally next to each other and spaced apart. Each transducer row 11 is one as above Fig.
  • Each reflector 13 therefore has two reflector plates 16, 17 arranged one behind the other in the sound incidence direction 10, with intermediate layer 18 arranged therebetween.
  • the geometry of the reflector plates 16, 17 is in turn uneven, in the embodiment for this purpose again a wedge shape of the two reflector plates 16, 17 is selected so that the distance a of the rear wall 162 of the front wall 161 of the first reflector plates 16 steadily increases or decreases and the Distance b of the rear wall 172 of the front wall 171 of the second reflector plate 17 complementary decreases or increases.
  • the course of the rear wall 162 in adjacent reflectors 13 is designed in opposite directions.
  • Fig. 4 decreases in the foremost first reflector 13, the distance a of the rear wall 162 from the front wall 161 of the first reflector plate 16 in the vertical direction from top to bottom linearly.
  • the adjacent reflector 13 which is shown pulled out for the purpose of illustration from the underwater antenna, the distance a of the rear wall 162 from the front wall 161 of the first reflector plate 16 in the vertical direction from top to bottom increases linearly.
  • the course of the rear wall 162 of the first reflector plate 16 is again as in FIG first reflector 13, ie the distance a of the rear wall 162 from the front wall 161 of the first reflector plate 16 decreases in the vertical direction from top to bottom again.
  • the distance b between the front and rear walls 171, 172 of the second reflector plate 17 changes. This also avoids larger path lengths with constant geometry in the horizontal direction and thus suppresses the formation of modes.
  • sound-soft plates 21 may be integrally connected to each other, so be realized by means of a one-piece, continuous soft material plate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Antenne sous-marine comprenant au moins une rangée de transducteurs (11) constituée d'une pluralité de transducteurs (12) électro-acoustiques espacés les uns des autres et alignés les uns à la suite des autres et comprenant un réflecteur (13) disposé dans la direction d'incidence du son (10) à l'arrière de la rangée de transducteurs (11), qui comprend au moins une plaque réfléchissante réverbérant les sons (16) ayant une paroi avant (161) tournée vers l'un des transducteurs (12) et une paroi arrière tournée à l'opposé de l'un des transducteurs (12), caractérisée en ce que la plaque réfléchissante (16) est conçue de manière à ce que la distance (a) de la paroi arrière (162) à la paroi avant (161) augmente de manière continue ou discontinue ou diminue de manière continue ou discontinue sur toute la longueur du réflecteur (13) vue le long de la rangée de transducteurs (11).
  2. Antenne sous-marine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'augmentation ou la diminution de la distance (a) des parois avant et arrière (161, 162) de la plaque réfléchissante (16) s'effectuant sur toute la longueur du réflecteur (13) est linéaire.
  3. Antenne sous-marine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'augmentation ou la diminution de la distance (a) des parois avant et arrière (161, 162) de la plaque réfléchissante (16) s'effectuant sur toute la longueur du réflecteur (13) est exponentielle ou suit une fonction e.
  4. Antenne sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le réflecteur (13) est réalisé sous la forme d'un système à masse et ressort et en ce qu'il comprend une plaque d'absorption acoustique (21) adjacente à la paroi arrière (162) de la plaque réfléchissante (16).
  5. Antenne sous-marine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la plaque réfléchissante (16) est constituée de métal, de préférence d'aluminium, et en ce que la plaque d'absorption acoustique (21) est constituée d'un matériau en mousse souple, de préférence une mousse de polyuréthane.
  6. Antenne sous-marine selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que la plaque d'absorption acoustique (21) est conformée de telle manière que son épaisseur, vue dans la direction d'incidence du son (10), varie sur toute la longueur du réflecteur (13).
  7. Antenne sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'une pluralité de rangées de transducteurs (11) comportant des réflecteurs associés (13) sont juxtaposées de telle manière que les rangées de transducteurs (11) soient espacées les unes des autres et que les réflecteurs (13) soient entièrement adjacents les uns aux autres, et en ce que, dans des réflecteurs (13) adjacents, le profil de la paroi arrière (162) soit l'inverse de celui de la plaque réfléchissante (16).
  8. Antenne sous-marine selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'absorption acoustique (21) des réflecteurs (13) sont solidaires les unes des autres.
  9. Antenne sous-marine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le réflecteur (13) comprend une seconde plaque réfléchissante (17) disposée à l'arrière de la première plaque réfléchissante (16) dans la direction d'incidence du son (10) et une couche intermédiaire (18) amortissant les ondes de flexion, qui est disposée entre la paroi arrière (162) de la première plaque réfléchissante (16) et la paroi avant (171) tournée vers celle-ci de la seconde la plaque réfléchissante (17).
  10. Antenne sous-marine selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la seconde plaque réfléchissante (17) présente une forme complémentaire de celle de la première plaque réfléchissante (16), de telle sorte que les deux plaques réfléchissantes (16, 17) forment avec la couche intermédiaire (18) disposée entre celles-ci un corps de masse parallélépipédique (20).
EP07819860A 2006-12-21 2007-11-19 Antenne sous-marine Not-in-force EP2104934B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006060795A DE102006060795B3 (de) 2006-12-21 2006-12-21 Unterwasserantenne
PCT/EP2007/009977 WO2008080451A2 (fr) 2006-12-21 2007-11-19 Antenne sous-marine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2104934A2 EP2104934A2 (fr) 2009-09-30
EP2104934B1 true EP2104934B1 (fr) 2012-10-31

Family

ID=38664041

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07819860A Not-in-force EP2104934B1 (fr) 2006-12-21 2007-11-19 Antenne sous-marine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2104934B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101221737B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006060795B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008080451A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018222040A1 (de) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne mit einer netzartigen Schicht auf einem Schallempfänger-Körper

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007053801B3 (de) * 2007-11-12 2008-12-11 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne
DE102008053606A1 (de) 2008-10-20 2010-05-06 Monika Sarkar Gerät und Verfahren zum Suchen und Detektieren

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415832A (en) * 1942-12-31 1947-02-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Radiation absorber
DE3621318A1 (de) * 1986-06-26 1988-01-07 Krupp Gmbh Daempfungsschicht
FR2691596B1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1995-04-28 Thomson Csf Antenne acoustique sous-marine à capteur surfacique.
DE4339798A1 (de) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Wandleranordnung
DE102004038032A1 (de) 2004-08-05 2006-02-23 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Wandleranordnung für Unterwasserantennen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018222040A1 (de) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne mit einer netzartigen Schicht auf einem Schallempfänger-Körper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20090101179A (ko) 2009-09-24
DE102006060795B3 (de) 2007-12-13
WO2008080451A2 (fr) 2008-07-10
WO2008080451A4 (fr) 2009-01-08
EP2104934A2 (fr) 2009-09-30
WO2008080451A3 (fr) 2008-11-20
KR101221737B1 (ko) 2013-01-11

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