EP2102474A1 - Procédé d'exploitation d'une soupape d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Procédé d'exploitation d'une soupape d'injection de carburant

Info

Publication number
EP2102474A1
EP2102474A1 EP07847294A EP07847294A EP2102474A1 EP 2102474 A1 EP2102474 A1 EP 2102474A1 EP 07847294 A EP07847294 A EP 07847294A EP 07847294 A EP07847294 A EP 07847294A EP 2102474 A1 EP2102474 A1 EP 2102474A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
drive voltage
injection valve
time
time derivative
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07847294A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Peter Lehr
Erik Tonner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2102474A1 publication Critical patent/EP2102474A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a fuel injection valve, in particular an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, wherein the fuel injection valve has a piezoelectric actuator for driving a valve needle coupled to the actuator, preferably hydraulically, and wherein a drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator is evaluated to an operating condition to close the fuel injection valve.
  • Such a method is known for example from DE 10 2006 003861.
  • a voltage applied to this actuator following activation of the piezoelectric actuator is checked for deviations from a predefinable voltage value in order to conclude a closing time of a nozzle needle of the fuel injection valve.
  • This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned in the present invention that the second time derivative of the drive voltage and / or dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage size is evaluated.
  • the inventive evaluation of the second time derivative of the drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator or a dependent thereof size is a precise inference to characteristic operating conditions of the piezoelectric actuator or the coupled with him valve needle and a total of the fuel injection valve possible.
  • a zero crossing of the second time derivative in particular from positive to negative values, can be determined in order to obtain a characteristic value
  • a maximum of the second time derivative is determined in order to conclude a characteristic operating state.
  • Investigations by the applicant have shown that during a closing operation of the fuel injection valve, an impact of the valve needle on its closing seat and the concomitant sudden deceleration of the valve needle in turn give rise to a reaction to the piezoelectric actuator in the form of the maximum described above.
  • the evaluation according to the invention to such a maximum accordingly allows a precise monitoring of the time point in which the valve needle reaches its closing seat.
  • a simple and at the same time very accurate evaluation can be carried out when the drive voltage of the piezoelectric actuator, preferably at a fixed sampling frequency, is sampled, and if from the samples obtained in this case dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage size is formed.
  • the quantity dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage is obtained by the following equation:
  • u [k] represents a sample value for the drive voltage at a discrete time k
  • the determination according to the invention of the quantity dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage by means of the above equation represents a particularly simple and efficiently to be implemented method to obtain the information in question by means of a computing unit, as provided for example in a control unit for operating the fuel injection valve. Investigations of the applicant have also shown that with sampled signals hereby a more accurate detection of kinks in the waveform is possible as in the evaluation of the mathematically exact second derivative.
  • the operation of the fuel injection valve is regulated in a particularly advantageous manner as a function of the second time derivative of the drive voltage and / or the variable dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage.
  • the information obtained in accordance with the invention about the operating state or states of the fuel injection valve can be advantageously used to realize a specifiable, in particular temporally constant operating behavior and to compensate production-related tolerances, aging effects and the like.
  • a charging current and / or a discharge current in particular corresponding threshold values therefor.
  • a charging time for which the piezoelectric actuator is charged in order to ensure that the piezoelectric actuator is charged again to the corresponding rated or output voltage for a subsequent activation.
  • the specification of a discharge time is accordingly also possible.
  • a Ladeg. Discharge time can also be given a certain control voltage as a shutdown criterion for a discharge or charging process.
  • An increase in the reliability of the method according to the invention results from the fact that the evaluation takes place only in one or more predeterminable time windows.
  • the computer program may be stored, for example, on an electronic storage medium, wherein the storage medium in turn may be contained for example in the control unit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a fuel injection valve for carrying out the inventive
  • FIG. 2 a schematically shows a time profile of a drive voltage of a piezoelectric actuator of the fuel injection valve from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 2b schematically shows a time profile of a drive current of the piezoelectric actuator
  • FIG. 3a is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 3a
  • FIG. 3b schematically shows a time profile of a variable evaluated according to the invention and dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage
  • FIG. 4a is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 4a
  • FIG. 4d schematically shows a time course of a needle stroke of a valve needle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection valve 10 of a motor vehicle, which is provided with a piezoelectric actuator 12.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 12 is driven by a control device 20 as indicated in FIG. 1 by the arrow.
  • the fuel injection valve 10 has a valve needle 13, which can sit on a valve seat 14 in the interior of the housing of the fuel injection valve 10.
  • the fuel injection valve 10 is opened and fuel is injected. This state is shown in FIG. If the valve needle 13 is seated on the valve seat 14, the fuel injection valve 10 is closed. The transition from the closed to the open state is effected by means of the piezoelectric actuator 12. For this purpose, a voltage referred to below as the drive voltage U is applied to the actuator 12, which causes a change in length of a arranged in the actuator 12 piezo stack, which in turn is used to open or close the fuel injection valve 10.
  • the fuel injection valve 10 further includes a hydraulic coupler 15.
  • a coupler housing 16 is present within the fuel injection valve 10, in which two pistons 17, 18 are guided. The piston 17 is connected to the actuator 12 and the piston 18 is connected to the valve needle 13. Between the two pistons 17, 18, a volume 19 is included, which accomplishes the transmission of the force exerted by the actuator 12 on the valve needle 13.
  • the coupler 15 is surrounded by pressurized fuel 11.
  • the volume 19 is also filled with fuel. Via the guide gaps between the two pistons 17, 18 and the coupler housing 16, the volume 19 can be adapted over a longer period of time to the respectively existing length of the actuator 12. For short-term changes in the length of the actuator 12, however, the volume 19 remains virtually unchanged and the change in the length of the actuator 12 is transmitted to the valve needle 13.
  • the inventive method described below is carried out, which may be stored, for example in the form of a computer program on an electronic memory element (not shown) and provided in the control unit 20, by a computing unit of the controller 20 to be processed.
  • FIG. 2 a schematically shows the time profile of the drive voltage U, with which the actuator 12 is actuated, in order to effect the opening and a subsequent closing of the fuel injection valve 10 (FIG. 1) and thus a fuel injection.
  • a subsequent charging of the actuator 12 takes place from the time t6, up to the time t9, wherein the valve needle 13 reaches its valve seat 14 again at the time t7 and is accordingly braked sharply.
  • the electrical capacitance is reduced.
  • the drive voltage U rises steeper than before from the time t8, i.e., at the time t8. at the times t ⁇ t7, although there is no significant change for the drive current I, cf. FIG. 2b.
  • the charging process is ended at the time t9, at which the drive voltage U again has its required for a next fuel injection output value UO.
  • the second time derivative of the drive voltage U and / or a variable dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage U are advantageously evaluated in order to detect the reaction of the valve needle 13 at the time t4.
  • the drive voltage U is preferably sampled, preferably at a fixed sampling frequency, and a quantity ddu dependent on the second time derivative of the drive voltage U is formed from the sampling values u [k] obtained in this case.
  • the sampling frequency may be 200 kHz, for example.
  • ddu [k] (u [k + j] -u [k + l]) - (u [k] -u [k-j + l]),
  • u [k] is a sample for the drive voltage U at a discrete time k
  • the formation of the quantity ddu is particularly useful because it requires only additions or subtractions and accordingly can be executed quickly and efficiently by a computing unit of the controller 20.
  • a schematic time profile of the size ddu is for the opening operation of the fuel injection valve 10, see. the time interval [t ⁇ , t5] from Figure 2a, in Figure 3a, and for the closing operation of the fuel injection valve 10, see. the time interval [t6, t9] from FIG. 2a, indicated in FIG. 3b, wherein the discrete points in time k correspond to the corresponding values of the time t indicated on the abscissa.
  • the quantity ddu considered according to the invention has the time t 3, cf.
  • Figure 2a a zero crossing from positive to negative values out, which is determined or examined in the context of the evaluation of the invention.
  • a characteristic operating state of the fuel injection valve 10 can be determined, according to the Applicant's investigations corresponds to about half a maximum stroke of the valve needle 13.
  • the time t3 of the zero crossing of the size ddu indicates regardless of changed operating conditions and signs of wear that time at which the valve needle 13 has completed its half maximum stroke.
  • the time coincidence of the half maximum stroke and the inflection point in the drive voltage U and the zero crossing of the size ddu applies to the presently described design of the fuel injection valve 10.
  • the Aktorhub at the occurrence of the inflection point in the drive voltage U also be a different percentage of the maximum .
  • investigations of the applicant have shown that for the variable ddu, as shown in FIG. 3b, during the closing of the fuel injection valve 10, a maximum results, which corresponds to the kink of the drive voltage U in the region of the time t7, t8, cf. FIG. 2a. That is, by the determination of the time t8, at which the maximum of the size ddu occurs, regardless of changed
  • the time of the actual closing of the fuel injection valve 10 are determined at which the valve needle 13 reaches its valve seat 14.
  • the corresponding operating state of the fuel injection valve 10 can always be determined by evaluating the quantity ddu independently of time-varying operating conditions and aging phenomena, in particular of an electrical capacitance or a lifting capacity of the actuator 12, the valve seat 14, etc.
  • Operation of the fuel injection valve 10 is regulated in a particularly advantageous manner as a function of the size ddu or its evaluation.
  • the occurrence of the zero crossing, cf. 3a, and the maximum, cf. 3b are each controlled to a specific, fixed time t3, t8, so that the corresponding operating state actually always sets at these times t3, t8.
  • Fuel injection processes - with respect to a control start t ⁇ - be equalized in time, whereby almost over the entire life of the fuel injection valve 10, a constant time course of the needle lift of the valve needle 13 can be achieved, which corresponds to a correspondingly constant amount of injected fuel. A drift in the amount of fuel injected by aging or fatigue of the actuator 12 and mechanical wear is thus effectively prevented.
  • threshold values provided for the charging or discharging current I can be set as a function of the magnitude ddu or its time profile.
  • a control of the charging time for which the actuator 12 is recharged after discharging can also be done to ensure that the actuator 12 after the actual closing of the fuel injection valve 10 at the time t8, Figure 2a, even further charged to the required for a subsequent fuel injection operation output voltage UO.
  • the operating states determined using the method according to the invention or the kinks or inflection points correlated therewith in the time profile of the drive voltage U as control characteristics, and e.g. with different manipulated variables, such as to connect to a tax start.
  • the inflection point in the drive voltage U during the opening of the fuel injection valve 10 with the control start and a kink in the drive voltage U during the closing of the fuel injection valve 10 can be linked to the drive duration.
  • a particularly reliable detection of the characteristic operating states of the fuel injection valve 10 is ensured if the evaluation of the variable ddu takes place at a zero crossing or at a maximum only in predefinable time windows.
  • the time windows are preferably advantageously to be selected as a function of an actual actuation of the actuator 12 such that the characteristics zero crossing or maximum to be determined occur as clearly as possible in the time window.
  • two such time windows T1, T2 in FIGS. 3a, 3b are symbolized by curly brackets.
  • FIG. 4 a shows, in a total of four curves, a diagrammatic progression of the time
  • FIG. 4a very different conditions exist depending on the operating conditions or state of wear Time courses for the needle stroke h and thus also correspondingly different injected fuel quantities.
  • Figure 4c shows schematically a time course of the needle stroke h of the valve needle 13, as it results in different operating conditions or wear conditions without the application of the method according to the invention when closing a fuel injection valve. As can be seen from FIG. 4c, depending on
  • the temporal equalization according to the invention of the buckling of the drive voltage U at the time t8 leads, as shown in FIG. 4d, to a substantially more consistent needle travel course h even under different operating conditions or wear conditions, and thus to a fuel quantity that is largely independent of different operating conditions or a state of wear.
  • Fuel injection valve 10 allows over the entire service life of the fuel injection valve 10, a precise compliance with the amount of fuel to be injected, provided that the injection rate remains almost constant in the open state.
  • the inventive method also allows the specification of a desired valve needle dynamics by adjusting the charging or discharging I.
  • the kink of the drive voltage U which lies in the time interval [t7, t9] in the present example according to FIG. a. at high drive currents I and depending on the design of the hydraulic components of the
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously also be used to detect an operating state of the fuel injection valve 10, in which the valve needle 13 reaches a stroke stop during opening.
  • the stroke stopper (not shown) limits the movement of the valve needle 13 to a maximum stroke that corresponds to the fully opened state of the fuel injection valve 10.
  • the timing of reaching the stroke stop by the valve needle 13 can thus advantageously also be controlled by presetting corresponding manipulated variables, whereby the accuracy in the injection of the fuel quantity is increased.
  • a plurality of fuel injection valves 10 are made by means of a corresponding regulation.
  • a current for the opening of the fuel injection valve 10 required energization of the piezoelectric actuator 12 at the time t5, see. Figure 2b, finished.
  • the valve needle 13 initially moves further in the opening direction towards the stroke stop and exerts a pressure on the piezoelectric actuator 12, which leads to the rise of the drive voltage U directly after the time t5, cf. FIG. 2a.
  • the drive voltage U remains substantially constant, before it rises again at the time t6 by a renewed energization of the piezoelectric actuator 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'exploitation d'une soupape d'injection de carburant (10), notamment d'un moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile. La soupape d'injection de carburant (10) présente un actionneur piézoélectrique (12) pour entraîner un pointeau de soupape (13) couplé de préférence hydrauliquement à l'actionneur (12). Une tension d'asservissement (U) de l'actionneur piézoélectrique (12) est interprétée pour déterminer l'état d'exploitation de la soupape d'injection de carburant (10). Selon l'invention, on interprète la dérivée seconde de la tension d'asservissement (U) en fonction du temps et/ou une grandeur (ddu) dépendant de la dérivée seconde de la tension d'asservissement (U) en fonction du temps.
EP07847294A 2006-12-12 2007-11-23 Procédé d'exploitation d'une soupape d'injection de carburant Withdrawn EP2102474A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006058742A DE102006058742A1 (de) 2006-12-12 2006-12-12 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftstoffeinspritzventils
PCT/EP2007/062730 WO2008071532A1 (fr) 2006-12-12 2007-11-23 Procédé d'exploitation d'une soupape d'injection de carburant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2102474A1 true EP2102474A1 (fr) 2009-09-23

Family

ID=39102971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07847294A Withdrawn EP2102474A1 (fr) 2006-12-12 2007-11-23 Procédé d'exploitation d'une soupape d'injection de carburant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8483933B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2102474A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5039147B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101558227B (fr)
DE (1) DE102006058742A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008071532A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008041527A1 (de) * 2008-08-25 2010-03-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102009000741A1 (de) * 2009-02-10 2010-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Nadelschließens
DE102009003215A1 (de) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Betreiben eines Einspritzventils
DE102009029590A1 (de) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Betreiben eines Ventils
EP2455601B1 (fr) * 2010-11-17 2018-06-06 Continental Automotive GmbH Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une soupape d'injection
WO2013191267A1 (fr) * 2012-06-21 2013-12-27 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Dispositif de commande pour moteur à combustion interne
EP2685074B1 (fr) * 2012-07-13 2018-04-18 Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg SA Contrôle d'injection de carburant pour moteur à combustion interne
US20140373508A1 (en) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-25 Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. Reductant delivery unit for automotive selective catalytic reduction with thermally optimized peak-and-hold actuation based on an injector open event
DE102014208837A1 (de) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung eines Öffnungsverhaltens von Einspritzventilen
DE102014214233A1 (de) * 2014-07-22 2016-01-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Einspritzventils mit direkt schaltendem Piezoaktor
DE102015217945A1 (de) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von wenigstens einem schaltbaren Ventil
CN110475959B (zh) 2017-04-14 2022-03-04 日立安斯泰莫株式会社 燃料喷射阀的控制装置

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EP1172541B1 (fr) * 2000-07-01 2005-03-23 Robert Bosch GmbH Actionneur piézo-électrique pour système d'injection
DE10146747A1 (de) * 2001-09-22 2003-04-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
WO2003081007A1 (fr) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif de detection du moment d'impact du pointeau d'une soupape de commande piezoelectrique
JP3922206B2 (ja) * 2003-04-15 2007-05-30 株式会社デンソー ピエゾアクチュエータ駆動回路
JP4002860B2 (ja) * 2003-06-12 2007-11-07 ヤンマー株式会社 燃料噴射ポンプの燃料噴射制御装置
DE10345226B4 (de) * 2003-09-29 2006-04-06 Volkswagen Mechatronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern eines Ventils und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern einer Pumpe-Düse-Vorrichtung mit einem Ventil
DE102004020937B4 (de) * 2004-04-28 2010-07-15 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Schließzeit eines Schließgliedes und Schaltungsanordnung
DE102006003861A1 (de) 2006-01-27 2007-08-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102006059070A1 (de) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem und Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Nadelhubanschlags in einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8483933B2 (en) 2013-07-09
CN101558227B (zh) 2013-10-23
DE102006058742A1 (de) 2008-06-19
JP2010512486A (ja) 2010-04-22
US20110180046A1 (en) 2011-07-28
JP5039147B2 (ja) 2012-10-03
WO2008071532A1 (fr) 2008-06-19
CN101558227A (zh) 2009-10-14

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