EP2102415B1 - Solid track comprising a concrete strip - Google Patents
Solid track comprising a concrete strip Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2102415B1 EP2102415B1 EP08701265.4A EP08701265A EP2102415B1 EP 2102415 B1 EP2102415 B1 EP 2102415B1 EP 08701265 A EP08701265 A EP 08701265A EP 2102415 B1 EP2102415 B1 EP 2102415B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- segments
- previous
- segment
- solid track
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 183
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100242901 Quaranfil virus (isolate QrfV/Tick/Afghanistan/EG_T_377/1968) PB2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150082826 Segment-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100194052 Thogoto virus (isolate SiAr 126) Segment 2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/06—Arrangement, construction or bridging of expansion joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
- E01B1/007—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with interlocking means to withstand horizontal forces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
- E01B2/003—Arrangement of tracks on bridges or in tunnels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/06—Arrangement, construction or bridging of expansion joints
- E01D19/067—Flat continuous joints cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/12—Grating or flooring for bridges; Fastening railway sleepers or tracks to bridges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a slab with a concrete band on a building made of individual juxtaposed segments and with rails (6) for a rail-guided vehicle, which are arranged on the concrete band, wherein the concrete strip runs continuously and bridges the individual segments, and between the concrete band and the segments a sliding layer (10) is arranged.
- Solid lanes are used, for example, for high-speed lines or for freight transport and heavy rail lines in rail.
- a concrete band is usually formed, which consists of juxtaposed and interconnected precast concrete, an in-situ concrete layer or a combination of in-situ concrete and precast concrete parts.
- the concrete strip is erected on bridges on a structure made of individual strung segments.
- the concrete band bridges the individual segments and supports the rails for a rail-guided vehicle.
- a sliding layer is arranged between the concrete band and the segments.
- the concrete strip usually has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
- Rail supports, on which the rails are mounted, are located on the concrete belt with a corresponding elevation or curvature, as required by the route. The rail supports must therefore be arranged individually on or in the concrete band. This requires a high construction cost.
- the concrete band is particularly at risk in the range of shocks of the segments of the substructure. In a positional shift of the segments forces can arise against the concrete band, which destroy the concrete band or at least the position of the rail support points arranged thereon can move inadmissible.
- a disadvantage of this design is that the track bed is not supported over a relatively large distance and thus must be performed either very massive in this area or the carrying capacity of the track bed is severely limited. Moreover, it is disadvantageous that the production of the self-supporting track bed with in-situ concrete is very complex. And finally, by incorporating the release liners into the lubricant layer, a thick lubricant layer is required to allow the inclusion of a sufficiently thick release liner.
- the separation layers are not intended by their arrangement on the bearing axes towards the carrier inside to absorb pressures. The separating layers can only take reliefs, but not loads, which would arise from a change in the position of the side members in the region of the joints of two side members.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a solid roadway with a concrete strip, which is inexpensive and reliable without particularly great effort to produce and is stable and reliable to operate in operation even on a critical surface.
- the present invention is achieved with a fixed track, which is provided with a concrete strip with a structure made of individual, juxtaposed segments with the features of claim 1.
- An essential aspect of the solution according to the invention on a rigid surface is the fact that we use a continuous sliding concrete band, which absorbs all the forces acting and dissipates stable and permanently in the segments.
- a continuous sliding concrete band which absorbs all the forces acting and dissipates stable and permanently in the segments.
- only the rail runs uninterrupted over the structures. This requires that the rail must absorb all the longitudinal forces from temperature, braking forces, centrifugal forces, deformations and subsidence of the segments, etc., which can easily lead to voltage overshoots and rail breakage.
- the continuous and sliding concrete strip relieves strain on the rail, making this solution much safer and more economical.
- the concrete slab of the slab track forms a continuous band extending over at least two segments.
- the expansion joint between the two segments thus remains unconsidered for the course of the concrete strip.
- the concrete band is exposed to much higher thermal expansions than the segment itself, and the segment in its thermal expansion is much slower than the concrete band, was an inventive structure created, which makes the segments independent of the concrete band.
- This construction consists in that the concrete band is designed in the form of a profiled concrete on the segment. The profile concrete is formed throughout. Between the profile concrete and the segment a sliding layer is arranged. In this way it is the concrete band or the concrete profile allowed to slide on the segment.
- the thermal expansion can thus take place largely independently.
- the profiled concrete bridges the joints or the adjacent end faces of the individual adjoining segments. It is thus created a slab track, which can be built continuously without interruption even in the area of a segmentally designed and shocks having substructure. As a result, the slab track is inexpensive to produce and also more comfortable than ever when driving.
- the course of the track is shown with respect to curvature and bank.
- the profile concrete thus has different cross-sections, for example, to produce an elevation of the route in curves.
- Rail supports for supporting the rails can be carried out very easily and in most cases as equal parts, which are mounted in or on the concrete profile. A fast, inexpensive and very accurate production of the track substructure is thus possible.
- a device bridging the two end faces is arranged for receiving a change in position of the adjacent end faces, which avoids a critical force acting on the profile concrete and does not substantially impair the effect of the sliding layer.
- the device bridges the end faces of the adjoining segments and can thus serve in addition to the function of the power also as a formwork element for the production of profiled concrete in situ concrete.
- the profiled concrete does not have to be reinforced with another continuous concrete strip, for example a layer of interconnected precast concrete slabs, since it is strong enough, even in a relatively thin design, since the forces from the segments through the concrete Facility to be intercepted.
- the device is able to absorb not only the forces in the horizontal direction from below on the profiled concrete, but also the forces that arise by a sliding movement of the segments to the profiled concrete, thereby maintaining the mobility of the profiled concrete on the segments and impermissible Tension and thus changes in position of the rails can be reliably avoided.
- the segment is supported on a fixed bearing and a movable bearing and the profiled concrete in the region of the fixed bearing of the segment firmly connected thereto.
- the different dimensions of the slab track and the profile concrete with respect to the segment are advantageously influenced in such a way that the expansions basically take place in substantially the same direction.
- the relative movements of the two units to each other thus remain relatively low.
- segment and profile concrete with connecting elements such as anchors, in particular screw-in anchor, stirrup or dowel created, which for example from the segment protrude and on which the concrete profile is concreted.
- anchors in particular screw-in anchor, stirrup or dowel created, which for example from the segment protrude and on which the concrete profile is concreted. It is particularly advantageous if the anchors are screwed and thus only be screwed into the segment immediately prior to concreting the profile concrete. It is thus possible that the segment before the concrete is poured concrete can be driven on construction vehicles without the anchors are damaged.
- the two structures are largely decoupled from each other. They can expand without mutual tension.
- the device for receiving a change in position of the adjacent end faces must in this case be able, in particular, not to restrict the sliding movement of the segments in relation to the profiled concrete, since greater sliding movements must be expected in the case of this type of bearing of the segments than when they are stored with a hard - and a floating bearing.
- a device for receiving a change in position by means of a resilient layer for example a hard foam layer or an elastomer layer in the region of end faces of two segments, which is arranged between the segments and the profile concrete.
- a resilient layer for example a hard foam layer or an elastomer layer in the region of end faces of two segments, which is arranged between the segments and the profile concrete.
- the resilient layer may be, for example, a hard foam layer, which is placed in the form of rigid foam panels on the segments before concreting the profile concrete. It is thus simultaneously obtained a formwork for the profile concrete in the region of the spaced end faces of two adjacent segments.
- the compliant layer is so strong that the forces are absorbed during concreting of the profiled concrete without significant deformation, whereas the forces press through the segments at a later angle change or a transverse or vertical displacement of the segments in the resilient layer and thus an unacceptable force avoid the profile concrete.
- a suitable material for the hard foam layer for example, Styrodur comes into question.
- the device has a support plate on the resilient layer, which is arranged towards the profile concrete, then the reinforcement for the profile concrete can be advantageously deposited on this support plate before and during concreting without damaging the flexible layer or in concrete to be embedded in the profile concrete ,
- the compliant layer and / or the support plate of the device bridges the two end faces of the segments.
- this is intended to ensure that the profile concrete can be concreted without additional measures in the area of the segment joints.
- the flexible layer extends at least from the end face of the segment to beyond the bearing axis of the segment, then the end of the segment approaching the profile concrete, which changes its position, presses into the yielding layer.
- the end of the segment rotates about the bearing, in particular the bearing axis in the direction of the profile concrete.
- the resilient layer thus prevents damage to the profile concrete.
- a depression is arranged in the segment and / or in the profiled concrete for at least partially receiving the compliant layer, then on the one hand the layer's position is defined and on the other hand, with an arrangement in the segment, the profiled concrete in the region of the compliant layer is not particularly weakened.
- the height of the profiled concrete is thus in the region of the transition of two segments almost equal to the thickness in the rest of the profile concrete. If the resilient layer is arranged in the profiled concrete, then no separate recess must be provided in the segments. The production of the segments is thus facilitated and there is no weakening of the segments, which may be particularly advantageous if the segments are only plates that are laid, for example, at ground level or on supports.
- these two solutions ensure that there is no obstruction to the sliding movement of the segments with respect to the profiled concrete. If the weakening of the segment and the profile concrete is to be uniformly low, the arrangement of the device with the flexible layer in both parts, the profiled concrete and the segment, can be offered.
- the sliding layer between the profile concrete and the segment is advantageously produced from a film and / or a geotextile. It is also advantageous to use two films which lie on top of one another and can slide against each other in a defined manner.
- the geotextile has the advantage that it is at least partially soaked by the concrete and thus combines very well with the concrete. Unevenness of the segment can be compensated with the geotextile, which can have a thickness of 2-10 mm. The sliding of the profiled concrete on the segment is thereby considerably facilitated. Tensions can thus be largely avoided.
- a geotextile layer can be arranged on the segment and / or on the side of the profiled concrete facing the segment and have one or two foils, for example PE foils with a thickness of approximately 0.3-0.5 mm, between them.
- a plurality of rail supports is arranged on or in the profiled concrete.
- the rails are thereby fastened discontinuously on the rail supports on or in the profile concrete.
- the track layout is already given by the respective, adapted to the route shape of the profile concrete. It is therefore only a small effort to operate the laying of the rails.
- the rails can also be stored continuously.
- the corresponding rails recordings, for example. Troughs can already be provided in the shape of the profile concrete.
- the rail supports are poured or agedgedübert as precast concrete in the profile concrete.
- the contours for receiving the rails and their fasteners may already be provided in the precast concrete parts.
- individual components per support, sleepers, sleepers, bi-block sleepers, track gratings and / or plates or rail supports arranged thereon are suitable for the rail supports.
- the individual components are in particular not coupled to each other, but are independent of each other in or on the profile concrete. This avoids additional installation work. However, a coupling of the individual components is still not excluded if it should be advantageous in the individual case of the construction project.
- the profiled concrete also has the advantage that the routing of the slab track can be carried out with the profiled concrete.
- an elevation of the route for example in curve sections, is formed by means of the profile concrete.
- the components which have the rail supports, can be installed in always the same design. Special dimensions are not required in most cases.
- the concrete profile is executed reinforced.
- stoppers for lateral and / or vertical guidance of the profiled concrete are arranged on the segment.
- the stoppers allow a relative movement of the profiled concrete in the longitudinal and / or vertical direction of the rails.
- a lateral movement of the profiled concrete on the segments is prevented by the stoppers, which are arranged on both sides of the profiled concrete.
- the device forms a formwork for producing the profiled concrete between two adjacent segments, additional formwork elements are generally not required.
- the segments can be raised or laid at ground level. They can thus be used as bridge components, but also for ground-level bridging of unsustainable ground. Such a laying is cheaper than the preparation of the substrate.
- the segments are advantageously bridge beams, laid on a substrate plates or pile head plates.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a slab track 1 in the region of a joint 12 at end faces 13 of two segments 2 of a bridge.
- the slab track 1 is formed in the present embodiment of a profiled concrete 7, which is made of in-situ concrete and forms a continuous band.
- rails 6 are laid on rail supports.
- the rail supports 5 are arranged on the profile concrete 7. They may be formed so as to intermittently support the rails 6 as shown here. But it is also a continuous storage of the rails 6 possible by the rail support points 5 along the rails 6 extend.
- the profile concrete 7 thus forms for the rail support points 5 a solid and consistent in their location surface for permanent operation of the slab track. 1
- a sliding layer 10 is arranged between the profile concrete 7 and the top of the segment 2. To different extents, which occur in particular by sunlight and the different masses of the segment 2 and the slab track 1 with the concrete profile 7, it is necessary that the slab track 1 and the concrete profile 7 can slide on the segment 2. This prevents unacceptable tension and creates a, in particular in the field of slab track 1, very consistent structure, which the ride comfort of Rail vehicle significantly increased and on the other hand is relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
- the segments 2 are arranged on a pillar 14 in the section shown here. They are each supported on a fixed bearing 15 and a movable bearing 16. As a result, the longitudinal extent of the segment 2, starting from the fixed bearing 15, takes place in the direction of the floating bearing 16 of the same segment 2. As a result, the gap in the joint 12 becomes smaller or larger depending on the longitudinal extent of the segment 2.
- armature 18 are arranged in the region of the fixed bearing 15 of the segment 2, which connect the concrete profile 7 with the segment 2. Thermal expansions of the profiled concrete 7 and of the segment 2 are thereby also rectified in their direction, so that a lower relative movement of the two units is to be expected.
- the anchors 18 are advantageously screw-in. This means that 2 Einschraubhülsen are concreted into the top of the segments, in which the armature 18 are screwed in just before concreting the concrete profile 7. This has the advantage that the top of the segments 2 can be used during the construction of the building as a roadway for construction vehicles, without the anchor 18, which would otherwise protrude from the top of the segment 2, are damaged.
- a device 200 bridging the two end faces 13 is arranged for accommodating a change in position of the adjacent end faces 13.
- the device 200 consists of a hard foam layer 20, which is in the range of Stoßes 12 is arranged.
- the hard foam layer 20 is located in this embodiment between the segments 2 and the profile concrete 7 and extends partially into this.
- the hard foam layer 20 may consist of rigid foam plates, which are inserted into a recess provided for this purpose of the segment 2. A thickness of hard foam layer 20 of a few centimeters is usually sufficient. Likewise, an overlap of the end faces 13 to a length of 1-2 m is also sufficient to compensate for the expected relative movements of profiled concrete 7 and 2 segments in the vertical direction.
- the recess in the top of the segment 2 for receiving the hard foam layer 20 is advantageous for the production, since the position of the hard foam layer 20 is securely retained during concreting of the profiled concrete 7, but it is not necessarily required for the function.
- the device 200 has a support plate 21 on the hard foam layer 20.
- the support plate 21 ensures that the reinforcement does not sink to the hard foam layer 20 during concreting, but maintains a predetermined distance thereto.
- the reinforcement can accordingly be supported on the support plate 21, for example with feet arranged thereon.
- FIG. 2 shows it from a plan view of a slab track 1 on segments 2 in the region of the joint 12 of two segments 2.
- the profile concrete 7 forms a continuous band, which passes over the end faces 12 of two segments 2 in the region of the joint 12 are the Hard foam layer 20 and the support plate 21 incorporated.
- the armature 18 are provided to provide a compound of the profile concrete 7 with the segment 2.
- the rails 6 of the track for the rail-guided vehicle are laid on a plurality of rail supports 5. Depending on the system of rail installation but this can also be done differently.
- continuous support as indicated by longitudinal sleepers 5 "
- longitudinal sleepers 5 " can also be effected, and it is also possible for the fixed carriageway 1 to consist of individual sleepers 5 ', which carry both rails 6 and are interconnected with concrete and reinforcement Bi-block sleepers, track grids and / or plates (5 '") are other ways in which the rail supports are made of precast concrete elements.
- the rail supports can also be made of cast-in-situ concrete.
- stopper 24 are provided.
- the stoppers 24 are mounted on the segment 2 and guide the slab track 1 and the profile concrete 7 in the transverse direction.
- the contact point to the slab trackway 1 and the profile concrete 7 is loose, so that tension is avoided in a longitudinal expansion. It may therefore be advantageous to provide a sliding layer between the stopper 24 and the profile concrete 7 here as well.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the building according to the invention.
- a section through a segment 2 and the slab track 1 in the region of an end face 13 of a Segment2 2 is shown on the left side of the illustration. It is therefore the hard foam layer 20 and the support plate 21 can be seen under the profile concrete 7.
- the profile concrete 7 is wedge-shaped, so that the slab track 1 is excessive. This is particularly necessary in curved sections of the track of the slab track 1.
- the elevation is carried out with the help of the profile concrete 7, which is concreted as needed.
- stopper 24 are arranged laterally.
- the stoppers 24 are on the one hand firmly connected to the segment 2 and on the other hand, the profiled concrete 7 can slide along the stopper 24.
- FIG. 3 The right half of the representation of FIG. 3 shows a cross section in the region of the normal distance, away from the joint 12. Between the segment 2 and the profile concrete 7, the sliding layer 10 is arranged, which allows sliding of the profile concrete 7 on the segment 2. Incidentally, this representation corresponds to the representation on the left side of FIG. 3 ,
- FIG. 4 shows a detail of the sliding connection between profiled concrete 7 and segment 2.
- each a geotextile 26 is arranged on top of the Segments 2 as well as on the underside of the concrete profile 7 .
- the geotextiles 26 compensate for the irregularities of the surfaces of the segment 2 and the profiled concrete 7. Partly they soak in concreting with the concrete when they are applied before setting the concrete. Usually, the geotextile 26 will be applied to the segment 2, however, only after the setting of the concrete. An impregnation of the geotextile 26 does not take place in this case.
- the profiled concrete 7 is usually concreted onto the geotextile 26, penetrates into the geotextile 26 during concreting and thus creates a firm connection.
- the two films 27 provide a sliding movement of the profiled concrete 7 on the segment 2, which has a very low friction.
- the two films 27 slide against each other without much resistance.
- FIG. 5 a further embodiment of the invention is shown.
- the profile concrete 7 is not interrupted by a recess for the hard foam layer 20. It runs above the joint 12 of the two segments 2 without change in cross section. Between the profile concrete 7 and the segments 2 and the hard foam layer 20, the sliding layer 10 is also arranged continuously and without paragraph. As a result, an undisturbed sliding of the segments 2 below the profile concrete 7 is possible.
- the hard foam layer 20 is arranged in a recess at the respective ends of the segments 2. It extends from an area in front of the support of the first segment 2 beyond its end face 13 and the impact 12 beyond the end face 13 and the support of the second segment 2. The strength of the segments 2 is thereby affected only insignificantly.
- the hard foam layer 20 bridges while the shock 12 and also serves as a formwork for the concrete produced with in-situ concrete 7. This can be done without support plate 21 when the shock 12 has only a small width or the hard foam layer 20 is formed sufficiently stable.
- the two segments 2 are floatingly mounted in this embodiment. This is indicated by the two plain bearings 16 on which the segments 2 are mounted. Thermal expansions or movements of the substrate under the segments 2 can thereby be decoupled from the concrete profile 7 particularly well.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the hard foam layer 20 rests on the segments 2 and protrudes into the profile concrete 7.
- the profile concrete 7 must be designed in its strength so that they despite the cross-sectional reduction in the hard foam layer 20, the expected forces can record.
- the sliding layer 10 is interrupted in the region of the hard foam layer 20. The movement between the profile concrete 7 and the segments 2 is compensated by the hard foam layer 20, provided that the hard foam layer 20 does not move on the segments together with the profile concrete 7. If difficulties are to be expected in this case, it is also possible for the sliding layer 10 to be continuous and for the hard foam layer 20 to be arranged on the continuous sliding layer 10.
- the storage of the segments 2 is shown on a substrate 30.
- the segments 2 are designed as plates, which are placed on the substrate 30.
- the substrate 30 may be a hydraulically bound support layer or another more or less elaborate treated surface.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Feste Fahrbahn mit einem Betonband auf einem aus einzelnen, aneinandergereihten Segmenten hergestellten Bauwerk und mit Schienen (6) für ein schienengeführtes Fahrzeug, welche auf dem Betonband angeordnet sind, wobei das Betonband durchgehend verläuft und die einzelnen Segmente überbrückt, und zwischen dem Betonband und den Segmenten eine Gleitschicht (10) angeordnet ist.The present invention relates to a slab with a concrete band on a building made of individual juxtaposed segments and with rails (6) for a rail-guided vehicle, which are arranged on the concrete band, wherein the concrete strip runs continuously and bridges the individual segments, and between the concrete band and the segments a sliding layer (10) is arranged.
Feste Fahrbahnen werden beispielsweise für Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecken oder für Güterverkehrs und Schwerlastverkehrsstrecken im Eisenbahnverkehr eingesetzt. Hierbei wird in der Regel ein Betonband gebildet, welches aus aneinandergereihten und miteinander verbundenen Betonfertigteilen, aus einer Ortbetonschicht oder aus einer Kombination aus Ortbeton und Betonfertigteilen besteht. Das Betonband wird auf Brücken auf einem aus einzelnen aneinandergereihten Segmenten hergestellten Bauwerk errichtet. Das Betonband überbrückt dabei die einzelnen Segmente und trägt die Schienen für ein schienengeführtes Fahrzeug. Um Spannungen zwischen dem Betonband und den Segmenten, beispielsweise durch Wärmeausdehnungen, zu vermeiden, ist zwischen dem Betonband und den Segmenten eine Gleitschicht angeordnet. Das Betonband weist in der Regel einen weitgehend rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. Schienenstützpunkte, auf welchen die Schienen gelagert sind, befinden sich auf dem Betonband mit einer entsprechenden Überhöhung oder Krümmung, je nachdem wie es der Streckenverlauf verlangt. Die Schienenstützpunkte müssen dementsprechend individuell auf oder in dem Betonband angeordnet werden. Dies erfordert einen hohen Bauaufwand.Solid lanes are used, for example, for high-speed lines or for freight transport and heavy rail lines in rail. Here, a concrete band is usually formed, which consists of juxtaposed and interconnected precast concrete, an in-situ concrete layer or a combination of in-situ concrete and precast concrete parts. The concrete strip is erected on bridges on a structure made of individual strung segments. The concrete band bridges the individual segments and supports the rails for a rail-guided vehicle. In order to avoid stresses between the concrete band and the segments, for example by thermal expansion, a sliding layer is arranged between the concrete band and the segments. The concrete strip usually has a substantially rectangular cross-section. Rail supports, on which the rails are mounted, are located on the concrete belt with a corresponding elevation or curvature, as required by the route. The rail supports must therefore be arranged individually on or in the concrete band. This requires a high construction cost.
Das Betonband ist insbesondere im Bereich von Stößen der Segmente des Unterbaus gefährdet. Bei einer Lageverschiebung der Segmente können Kräfte gegen das Betonband entstehen, welche das Betonband zerstören oder zumindest die Lage der darauf angeordneten Schienenstützpunkte unzulässig verschieben können.The concrete band is particularly at risk in the range of shocks of the segments of the substructure. In a positional shift of the segments forces can arise against the concrete band, which destroy the concrete band or at least the position of the rail support points arranged thereon can move inadmissible.
Für den Brückenbau wurden daher gemäß der
Nachteilig bei dieser Ausführung ist es, dass das Gleisbett über eine relativ große Strecke nicht abgestützt ist und damit in diesem Bereich entweder sehr massiv ausgeführt werden muss oder die Tragkraft des Gleisbettes stark eingeschränkt ist. Darüber hinaus ist es nachteilig, dass die Herstellung des freitragenden Gleisbettes mit Ortbeton sehr aufwändig ist. Und schließlich ist durch den Einbau der Trennlagen in die Gleitmittelschicht eine dicke Gleitmittelschicht erforderlich, um die Aufnahme einer ausreichend dicken Trennlage zu erlauben. Darüber hinaus sind die Trennlagen durch ihre Anordnung an den Lagerachsen hin zur Trägerinnenseite nicht dafür vorgesehen, Drücke aufzunehmen. Die Trennlagen können im Bereich der Stöße zweier Längsträger lediglich Entlastungen, nicht jedoch Belastungen, welche durch eine Veränderung der Lage der Längsträger entstehen würden, aufnehmen.A disadvantage of this design is that the track bed is not supported over a relatively large distance and thus must be performed either very massive in this area or the carrying capacity of the track bed is severely limited. Moreover, it is disadvantageous that the production of the self-supporting track bed with in-situ concrete is very complex. And finally, by incorporating the release liners into the lubricant layer, a thick lubricant layer is required to allow the inclusion of a sufficiently thick release liner. In addition, the separation layers are not intended by their arrangement on the bearing axes towards the carrier inside to absorb pressures. The separating layers can only take reliefs, but not loads, which would arise from a change in the position of the side members in the region of the joints of two side members.
In der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine feste Fahrbahn mit einem Betonband zu schaffen, welches kostengünstig und zuverlässig ohne besonders großen Aufwand herstellbar ist und im Betrieb auch auf einem kritischen Untergrund stabil und zuverlässig zu betreiben ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a solid roadway with a concrete strip, which is inexpensive and reliable without particularly great effort to produce and is stable and reliable to operate in operation even on a critical surface.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird gelöst mit einer festen Fahrbahn, die mit einem Betonband mit einem aus einzelnen, aneinandergereihten Segmenten hergestellten Bauwerk mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.The present invention is achieved with a fixed track, which is provided with a concrete strip with a structure made of individual, juxtaposed segments with the features of
Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung auf starrem Untergrund ist die Tatsache, dass wir ein durchlaufendes gleitendes Betonband verwenden, welches alle einwirkenden Kräfte aufnimmt und in die Segmente lagestabil und dauerhaft ableitet. Im Gegensatz dazu läuft bei den herkömmlichen Systemen nur die Schiene ohne Unterbrechung über die Bauwerke. Das bedingt, dass die Schiene alle Längskräfte aus Temperatur, Bremskräften, Fliehkräften, Verformungen und Setzungen der Segmente usw. aufnehmen muss, was leicht zu Spannungsüberschreitungen und zum Schienenbruch führen kann. Durch das durchlaufende und gleitende Betonband wird die Schiene entlastet, sodass diese Lösung wesentlich sicherer und wirtschaftlicher ist.An essential aspect of the solution according to the invention on a rigid surface is the fact that we use a continuous sliding concrete band, which absorbs all the forces acting and dissipates stable and permanently in the segments. In contrast, in conventional systems, only the rail runs uninterrupted over the structures. This requires that the rail must absorb all the longitudinal forces from temperature, braking forces, centrifugal forces, deformations and subsidence of the segments, etc., which can easily lead to voltage overshoots and rail breakage. The continuous and sliding concrete strip relieves strain on the rail, making this solution much safer and more economical.
Erfindungsgemäß bildet das Betonband der Festen Fahrbahn ein über mindestens zwei Segmente durchgehend verlaufendes Band. Die Dehnungsfuge zwischen den beiden Segmenten bleibt somit unberücksichtigt für den Verlauf des Betonbandes. Nachdem aufgrund der hohen Masse des Segments im Vergleich zum Betonband, und aufgrund der Richtung der Wärmeeinstrahlung das Betonband sehr viel höheren Wärmedehnungen ausgesetzt ist, als das Segment selbst, und das Segment in seiner Wärmeausdehnung wesentlich träger als das Betonband ist, wurde ein erfindungsgemäßer Aufbau geschaffen, welcher die Segmente unabhängig von dem Betonband macht. Dieser Aufbau besteht darin, dass das Betonband in Form eines Profilbetons auf dem Segment ausgeführt ist. Der Profilbeton ist durchgehend ausgebildet. Zwischen dem Profilbeton und dem Segment ist eine Gleitschicht angeordnet. Auf diese Weise ist es dem Betonband bzw. dem Profilbeton ermöglicht, auf dem Segment zu gleiten. Die Wärmedehnungen können somit weitgehend unabhängig voneinander stattfinden. Der Profilbeton überbrückt die Stöße bzw. die benachbarten Stirnseiten der einzelnen aneinandergrenzenden Segmente. Es wird somit eine Feste Fahrbahn geschaffen, welche auch im Bereich eines segmentartig ausgeführten und Stöße aufweisenden Unterbaus ohne Unterbrechung durchgehend gebaut werden kann. Hierdurch wird die Feste Fahrbahn kostengünstig herstellbar und zudem im Fahrbetrieb noch komfortabler als bisher.According to the invention, the concrete slab of the slab track forms a continuous band extending over at least two segments. The expansion joint between the two segments thus remains unconsidered for the course of the concrete strip. After due to the high mass of the segment compared to the concrete band, and due to the direction of heat radiation, the concrete band is exposed to much higher thermal expansions than the segment itself, and the segment in its thermal expansion is much slower than the concrete band, was an inventive structure created, which makes the segments independent of the concrete band. This construction consists in that the concrete band is designed in the form of a profiled concrete on the segment. The profile concrete is formed throughout. Between the profile concrete and the segment a sliding layer is arranged. In this way it is the concrete band or the concrete profile allowed to slide on the segment. The thermal expansion can thus take place largely independently. The profiled concrete bridges the joints or the adjacent end faces of the individual adjoining segments. It is thus created a slab track, which can be built continuously without interruption even in the area of a segmentally designed and shocks having substructure. As a result, the slab track is inexpensive to produce and also more comfortable than ever when driving.
In dem Profilbeton ist der Streckenverlauf der Festen Fahrbahn bezüglich Krümmung und Querneigung abgebildet. Der Profilbeton weist dadurch unterschiedliche Querschnitte auf, um bspw. eine Überhöhung der Fahrstrecke in Kurven herzustellen. Schienenstützpunkte zur Lagerung der Schienen können dadurch sehr einfach und in den meisten Fällen als Gleichteile ausgeführt werden, welche in oder auf dem Profilbeton befestigt werden. Eine schnelle, kostengünstige und sehr genaue Herstellung des Gleisunterbaus ist damit möglich.In the profile concrete, the course of the track is shown with respect to curvature and bank. The profile concrete thus has different cross-sections, for example, to produce an elevation of the route in curves. Rail supports for supporting the rails can be carried out very easily and in most cases as equal parts, which are mounted in or on the concrete profile. A fast, inexpensive and very accurate production of the track substructure is thus possible.
Im Bereich von benachbarten Stirnseiten zweier aneinandergrenzender Segmente ist eine die beiden Stirnseiten überbrückende Einrichtung zur Aufnahme einer Lageveränderung der benachbarten Stirnseiten angeordnet, welche eine kritische Krafteinwirkung auf den Profilbeton vermeidet und die Wirkung der Gleitschicht nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt. Die Einrichtung überbrückt die Stirnseiten der aneinandergrenzenden Segmente und kann damit neben der Funktion der Kraftaufnahme auch als Schalelement für die Herstellung des Profilbetons aus Ortbeton dienen. Bei einer Verschiebung der Segmente in Bezug zueinander, insbesondere bzgl. des Tangentenwinkels, drückt sich das Ende eines Segmentes in die Einrichtung hinein und verhindert, dass eine kritische Kraft auf den Profilbeton übertragen wird. Der Profilbeton muss daher nicht dafür ausgelegt werden, eine hohe Kraft, ausgehend von den Enden der Segmente, aufnehmen zu müssen. Sie kann relativ dünn ausgeführt werden, wenn sichergestellt ist, dass die zu erwartende Kraft in der Einrichtung aufgenommen wird. Dies führt zu einer deutlichen Kostenersparnis, da weniger Beton erforderlich ist und zu einer Beschleunigung beim Bau der Strecke. Der Profilbeton muss darüber hinaus auch nicht mit einem weiteren durchgehenden Betonband, beispielsweise einer Schicht aus miteinander verbundenen Betonfertigteil-Platten, verstärkt werden, da sie selbst, auch bereits bei einer relativ dünnen Ausführung, stark genug ist, da die Kräfte aus den Segmenten durch die Einrichtung abgefangen werden.In the region of adjacent end faces of two adjoining segments, a device bridging the two end faces is arranged for receiving a change in position of the adjacent end faces, which avoids a critical force acting on the profile concrete and does not substantially impair the effect of the sliding layer. The device bridges the end faces of the adjoining segments and can thus serve in addition to the function of the power also as a formwork element for the production of profiled concrete in situ concrete. With a displacement of the segments in relation to one another, in particular with respect to the tangent angle, The end of a segment presses into the device and prevents a critical force from being transmitted to the profile concrete. Therefore, the profiled concrete need not be designed to have a high force starting from the ends of the segments. It can be performed relatively thin, if it is ensured that the expected force is absorbed in the device. This leads to a significant cost savings, since less concrete is required and to an acceleration in the construction of the track. Moreover, the profiled concrete does not have to be reinforced with another continuous concrete strip, for example a layer of interconnected precast concrete slabs, since it is strong enough, even in a relatively thin design, since the forces from the segments through the concrete Facility to be intercepted.
Darüber hinaus ist die Einrichtung in der Lage nicht nur die Kräfte in horizontaler Richtung von unten auf den Profilbeton aufzunehmen, sondern auch noch die Kräfte, welche durch eine Gleitbewegung der Segmente zu dem Profilbeton entstehen, wodurch die Beweglichkeit des Profilbetons auf den Segmenten beibehalten und unzulässige Verspannungen und damit Lageveränderungen der Schienen zuverlässig vermieden werden.In addition, the device is able to absorb not only the forces in the horizontal direction from below on the profiled concrete, but also the forces that arise by a sliding movement of the segments to the profiled concrete, thereby maintaining the mobility of the profiled concrete on the segments and impermissible Tension and thus changes in position of the rails can be reliably avoided.
In einer bevorzugten Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Festen Fahrbahn ist das Segment auf einem Festlager und einem Loslager abgestützt und der Profilbeton im Bereich des Festlagers des Segments fest mit diesem verbunden. Hierdurch werden in vorteilhafter Weise die unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungen von Fester Fahrbahn und Profilbeton in Bezug auf das Segment dahingehend beeinflusst, dass die Ausdehnungen grundsätzlich im Wesentlichen in derselben Richtung erfolgen. Die Relativbewegungen der beiden Einheiten zueinander bleiben damit relativ gering.In a preferred embodiment of the slab track according to the invention, the segment is supported on a fixed bearing and a movable bearing and the profiled concrete in the region of the fixed bearing of the segment firmly connected thereto. As a result, the different dimensions of the slab track and the profile concrete with respect to the segment are advantageously influenced in such a way that the expansions basically take place in substantially the same direction. The relative movements of the two units to each other thus remain relatively low.
Besonders vorteilhaft wird die feste Verbindung von Segment und Profilbeton mit Verbindungselementen wie Anker, insbesondere Einschraubanker, Bügelbewehrung oder Dübel geschaffen, welche beispielsweise aus dem Segment herausragen und auf welche der Profilbeton betoniert wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn die Anker Einschraubanker sind und damit erst unmittelbar vor dem Betonieren des Profilbetons in das Segment eingeschraubt werden. Es ist damit möglich, dass das Segment bevor der Profilbeton betoniert wird mit Baufahrzeugen befahren werden kann, ohne dass die Anker beschädigt werden.Particularly advantageous is the firm connection of segment and profile concrete with connecting elements such as anchors, in particular screw-in anchor, stirrup or dowel created, which for example from the segment protrude and on which the concrete profile is concreted. It is particularly advantageous if the anchors are screwed and thus only be screwed into the segment immediately prior to concreting the profile concrete. It is thus possible that the segment before the concrete is poured concrete can be driven on construction vehicles without the anchors are damaged.
Ist das Segment schwimmend gelagert und sind der Profilbeton und das Segment gleitend miteinander verbunden, so sind die beiden Bauwerke weitgehend von einander entkoppelt. Sie können sich ohne gegenseitige Verspannungen ausdehnen. Die Einrichtung zur Aufnahme einer Lageveränderung der benachbarten Stirnseiten muss hierbei insbesondere in der Lage sein die Gleitbewegung der Segmente in Bezug auf den Profilbeton nicht einzuschränken, da bei dieser Art der Lagerung der Segmente mit größeren Gleitbewegungen zu rechnen ist, als bei einer Lagerung mit einem Fest- und einem Loslager.If the segment is mounted in a floating manner and the profiled concrete and the segment are slidably connected to one another, then the two structures are largely decoupled from each other. They can expand without mutual tension. The device for receiving a change in position of the adjacent end faces must in this case be able, in particular, not to restrict the sliding movement of the segments in relation to the profiled concrete, since greater sliding movements must be expected in the case of this type of bearing of the segments than when they are stored with a hard - and a floating bearing.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Einrichtung zur Aufnahme einer Lageveränderung mittels einer nachgiebigen Schicht, beispielsweise einer Hartschaumschicht oder einer Elastomerschicht im Bereich von Stirnseiten zweier Segmente, welche zwischen den Segmenten und dem Profilbeton angeordnet ist, vorgesehen. Nachdem die einzelnen Segmente unabhängig voneinander sind und im Gegensatz dazu der Profilbeton als ein durchgehendes Band auch über die Dehnungsfugen an den Stirnseiten der Segmente hinaus verläuft, entstehen unterschiedliche Biegelinien der beiden Einheiten. Die Segmente werden sich jeweils bogenförmig durchbiegen, während der Profilbeton wellenförmig über die einzelnen Segmente verläuft. Um hier zu große Spannungen im Bereich zwischen zwei Segmenten zu vermeiden, ist die Hartschaumschicht oder die Elastomerschicht vorgesehen. Die Enden der Segmente können sich im Extremfall in die nachgiebige Schicht hinein- und herausbewegen, ohne eine unzulässige Druckkraft auf den Profilbeton auszuüben. Die Belastung auf das durchgehende Band wird hierdurch reduziert.According to the invention, a device for receiving a change in position by means of a resilient layer, for example a hard foam layer or an elastomer layer in the region of end faces of two segments, which is arranged between the segments and the profile concrete, is provided. After the individual segments are independent of each other and in contrast to the profile concrete as a continuous band also extends beyond the expansion joints on the faces of the segments, different bending lines of the two units. The segments will bend each arc, while the profile concrete wavy over the individual segments. In order to avoid excessive stresses in the region between two segments, the hard foam layer or the elastomer layer is provided. In extreme cases, the ends of the segments can move in and out of the compliant layer without exerting an undue compressive force on the profiled concrete. The load on the continuous band is thereby reduced.
Die nachgiebige Schicht kann beispielsweise eine Hartschaumschicht sein, welche in Form von Hartschaumplatten auf die Segmente vor dem Betonieren des Profilbetons aufgelegt wird. Es wird damit gleichzeitig eine Schalung für den Profilbeton im Bereich der voneinander beabstandeten Stirnseiten zweier benachbarter Segmente erhalten. Die nachgiebige Schicht ist dabei so stark, dass die Kräfte beim Betonieren des Profilbetons ohne wesentlicher Verformung aufgenommen werden, wohingegen die Kräfte durch die Segmente bei einer späteren Winkelveränderung oder einer Quer- oder Höhenverschiebung die Segmente in die nachgiebige Schicht eindrücken und damit eine unzulässige Kraft auf den Profilbeton vermeiden. Als geeignetes Material für die Hartschaumschicht kommt beispielsweise Styrodur in Frage.The resilient layer may be, for example, a hard foam layer, which is placed in the form of rigid foam panels on the segments before concreting the profile concrete. It is thus simultaneously obtained a formwork for the profile concrete in the region of the spaced end faces of two adjacent segments. The compliant layer is so strong that the forces are absorbed during concreting of the profiled concrete without significant deformation, whereas the forces press through the segments at a later angle change or a transverse or vertical displacement of the segments in the resilient layer and thus an unacceptable force avoid the profile concrete. As a suitable material for the hard foam layer, for example, Styrodur comes into question.
Weist die Einrichtung auf der nachgiebigen Schicht eine Stützplatte auf, welche zum Profilbeton hin angeordnet ist, so kann auf dieser Stützplatte vorteilhafterweise die Bewehrung für den Profilbeton vor und während des Betonierens abgelegt werden ohne die nachgiebige Schicht zu beschädigen oder undefiniert in den Profilbeton einbetoniert zu werden.If the device has a support plate on the resilient layer, which is arranged towards the profile concrete, then the reinforcement for the profile concrete can be advantageously deposited on this support plate before and during concreting without damaging the flexible layer or in concrete to be embedded in the profile concrete ,
Vorteilhafterweise überbrückt die nachgiebige Schicht und/oder die Stützplatte der Einrichtung die beiden Stirnseiten der Segmente. Insbesondere soll dadurch gewährleistet sein, dass der Profilbeton ohne zusätzliche Maßnahme im Bereich der Segmentstöße betoniert werden kann.Advantageously, the compliant layer and / or the support plate of the device bridges the two end faces of the segments. In particular, this is intended to ensure that the profile concrete can be concreted without additional measures in the area of the segment joints.
Reicht die nachgiebige Schicht zumindest von der Stirnseite des Segmentes bis über die Lagerachse des Segmentes hinaus, so drückt sich das sich dem Profilbeton nähernde Ende des Segmentes, das sich in seiner Lage verändert, in die nachgiebige Schicht hinein. Das Ende des Segmentes dreht sich dabei um das Lager, insbesondere die Lagerachse in Richtung auf den Profilbeton. Die nachgiebige Schicht verhindert somit eine Beschädigung des Profilbetons.If the flexible layer extends at least from the end face of the segment to beyond the bearing axis of the segment, then the end of the segment approaching the profile concrete, which changes its position, presses into the yielding layer. The end of the segment rotates about the bearing, in particular the bearing axis in the direction of the profile concrete. The resilient layer thus prevents damage to the profile concrete.
Ist in dem Segment und/oder in dem Profilbeton eine Vertiefung angeordnet zur zumindest teilweisen Aufnahme der nachgiebigen Schicht, so wird einerseits die Lage der Schichtdefiniert und andererseits wird, bei einer Anordnung im Segment, der Profilbeton im Bereich der nachgiebigen Schicht nicht sonderlich geschwächt. Die Bauhöhe des Profilbetons ist somit im Bereich des Übergangs zweier Segmente nahezu gleich der Dicke im übrigen Verlauf des Profilbetons. Ist die nachgiebige Schicht in dem Profilbeton angeordnet, so muss in den Segmenten keine gesonderte Aussparung vorgesehen sein. Die Herstellung der Segmente wird damit erleichtert und es findet auch keine Schwächung der Segmente statt, was insbesondere dann vorteilhaft sein kann, wenn die Segmente lediglich Platten sind, die beispielsweise ebenerdig oder auf Trägern verlegt sind. Diese beiden Lösungen sorgen insbesondere dafür, dass keine Behinderung der Gleitbewegung der Segmente in Bezug auf den Profilbeton erfolgt. Soll die Schwächung von Segment und Profilbeton gleichmäßig gering sein, so kann sich die Anordnung der Einrichtung mit der nachgiebigen Schicht in beiden Teilen, dem Profilbeton und dem Segment, anbieten.If a depression is arranged in the segment and / or in the profiled concrete for at least partially receiving the compliant layer, then on the one hand the layer's position is defined and on the other hand, with an arrangement in the segment, the profiled concrete in the region of the compliant layer is not particularly weakened. The height of the profiled concrete is thus in the region of the transition of two segments almost equal to the thickness in the rest of the profile concrete. If the resilient layer is arranged in the profiled concrete, then no separate recess must be provided in the segments. The production of the segments is thus facilitated and there is no weakening of the segments, which may be particularly advantageous if the segments are only plates that are laid, for example, at ground level or on supports. In particular, these two solutions ensure that there is no obstruction to the sliding movement of the segments with respect to the profiled concrete. If the weakening of the segment and the profile concrete is to be uniformly low, the arrangement of the device with the flexible layer in both parts, the profiled concrete and the segment, can be offered.
Die Gleitschicht zwischen Profilbeton und Segment wird vorteilhafterweise aus einer Folie und/oder einem Geotextil hergestellt. Auch die Verwendung von zwei Folien, welche aufeinanderliegen und damit definiert aneinander gleiten können, ist vorteilhaft. Das Geotextil hat den Vorteil, dass es von dem Beton zumindest teilweise getränkt wird und sich damit sehr gut mit dem Beton verbindet. Unebenheiten des Segments können mit dem Geotextil, welches eine Dicke von 2-10 mm aufweisen kann, ausgeglichen werden. Das Gleiten des Profilbetons auf dem Segment wird hierdurch wesentlich erleichtert. Verspannungen können damit weitgehend vermieden werden. Eine Geotextilschicht kann hierzu auf dem Segment und/oder auf der dem Segment zugewandten Seite des Profilbetons angeordnet sein und dazwischen eine oder zwei Folien, beispielsweise PE-Folien mit einer Stärke von etwa 0,3-0,5 mm aufweisen.The sliding layer between the profile concrete and the segment is advantageously produced from a film and / or a geotextile. It is also advantageous to use two films which lie on top of one another and can slide against each other in a defined manner. The geotextile has the advantage that it is at least partially soaked by the concrete and thus combines very well with the concrete. Unevenness of the segment can be compensated with the geotextile, which can have a thickness of 2-10 mm. The sliding of the profiled concrete on the segment is thereby considerably facilitated. Tensions can thus be largely avoided. For this purpose, a geotextile layer can be arranged on the segment and / or on the side of the profiled concrete facing the segment and have one or two foils, for example PE foils with a thickness of approximately 0.3-0.5 mm, between them.
Besonders vorteilhaft für die Erfindung ist es, wenn auf oder in dem Profilbeton eine Vielzahl von Schienenstützpunkten angeordnet ist. Die Schienen werden dabei diskontinuierlich über die Schienenstützpunkte auf oder in dem Profilbeton befestigt. Der Schienenverlauf ist durch die jeweilige, an den Streckenverlauf angepasste Form des Profilbetons bereits vorgegeben. Es ist somit nur ein geringer Aufwand für die Verlegung der Schienen zu betreiben. Alternativ können die Schienen auch kontinuierlich gelagert werden. Die entsprechenden Schienen aufnahmen, bspw. Tröge, können in der Form des Profilbetons bereits vorgesehen sein.It is particularly advantageous for the invention if a plurality of rail supports is arranged on or in the profiled concrete. The rails are thereby fastened discontinuously on the rail supports on or in the profile concrete. The track layout is already given by the respective, adapted to the route shape of the profile concrete. It is therefore only a small effort to operate the laying of the rails. Alternatively, the rails can also be stored continuously. The corresponding rails recordings, for example. Troughs can already be provided in the shape of the profile concrete.
Vorteilhafterweise sind die Schienenstützpunkte als Betonfertigteile in den Profilbeton eingegossen oder aüfgedübelt. Die Konturen zur Aufnahme der Schienen und deren Befestigungselemente können in den Betonfertigteilen bereits vorgesehen sein. Für die Schienenstützpunkte eignen sich insbesondere einzelne Bauteile pro Auflagerung, Querschwellen, Längsschwellen, Zweiblockschwellen, Gleisroste und/oder Platten oder darauf angeordnete Schienenstützpunkte. Die einzelnen Bauteile sind insbesondere nicht miteinander gekoppelt, sondern liegen voneinander unabhängig in oder auf dem Profilbeton. Damit wird ein zusätzlicher Verlegeaufwand vermieden. Eine Koppelung der einzelnen Bauteile ist aber dennoch nicht ausgeschlossen, wenn es im Einzelfall des Bauprojektes vorteilhaft sein sollte.Advantageously, the rail supports are poured or agedgedübert as precast concrete in the profile concrete. The contours for receiving the rails and their fasteners may already be provided in the precast concrete parts. In particular, individual components per support, sleepers, sleepers, bi-block sleepers, track gratings and / or plates or rail supports arranged thereon are suitable for the rail supports. The individual components are in particular not coupled to each other, but are independent of each other in or on the profile concrete. This avoids additional installation work. However, a coupling of the individual components is still not excluded if it should be advantageous in the individual case of the construction project.
Der Profilbeton weist neben den oben genannten Vorteilen weiterhin den Vorteil auf, dass die Streckenführung der Festen Fahrbahn mit dem Profilbeton ausgeführt werden kann. Insbesondere eine Überhöhung der Streckenführung, beispielsweise in Kurvenabschnitten, wird mit Hilfe des Profilbetons geformt. Die Bauteile, welche die Schienenstützpunkte aufweisen, können dabei in stets gleicher Ausführung verlegt werden. Sondermaße sind in den meisten Fällen nicht erforderlich.In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, the profiled concrete also has the advantage that the routing of the slab track can be carried out with the profiled concrete. In particular, an elevation of the route, for example in curve sections, is formed by means of the profile concrete. The components which have the rail supports, can be installed in always the same design. Special dimensions are not required in most cases.
Um einen stabilen Profilbeton zu erhalten, welcher Druck- und Zugspannungen aus Wärmedehnungen, aber auch aus Beschleunigungskräften der Schienenfahrzeuge aufnehmen kann, ist der Profilbeton bewehrt ausgeführt.In order to obtain a stable profile concrete, which can absorb compressive and tensile stresses from thermal expansion, but also from acceleration forces of rail vehicles, the concrete profile is executed reinforced.
Insbesondere um ein seitliches Ausbrechen des Profilbetons und der Festen Fahrbahn zu vermeiden, sind an dem Segment Stopper zur seitlichen und/oder vertikalen Führung des Profilbetons angeordnet. Die Stopper erlauben eine Relativbewegung des Profilbetons in Längs- und/oder Höhenrichtung der Schienen. Eine seitliche Bewegung des Profilbetons auf den Segmenten wird durch die Stopper, welche beiderseits des Profilbetons angeordnet sind, vermieden.In particular, in order to avoid lateral breakage of the profiled concrete and the slab track, stoppers for lateral and / or vertical guidance of the profiled concrete are arranged on the segment. The stoppers allow a relative movement of the profiled concrete in the longitudinal and / or vertical direction of the rails. A lateral movement of the profiled concrete on the segments is prevented by the stoppers, which are arranged on both sides of the profiled concrete.
Bildet die Einrichtung eine Schalung zur Herstellung des Profilbetons zwischen zwei benachbarten Segmenten, so werden zusätzliche Schalungselemente in der Regel nicht benötigt.If the device forms a formwork for producing the profiled concrete between two adjacent segments, additional formwork elements are generally not required.
Die Segmente können aufgeständert oder ebenerdig verlegt sein. Sie können damit als Brückenbauteile, aber auch zur ebenerdigen Überbrückung von nicht ausreichend tragfähigem Untergrund verwendet werden. Eine derartige Verlegung ist kostengünstiger als die Aufbereitung des Untergrundes. Die Segmente sind vorteilhafterweise Brückenträger, auf einen Untergrund aufgelegte Platten oder Pfahlkopfplatten.The segments can be raised or laid at ground level. They can thus be used as bridge components, but also for ground-level bridging of unsustainable ground. Such a laying is cheaper than the preparation of the substrate. The segments are advantageously bridge beams, laid on a substrate plates or pile head plates.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung sind in den nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Es zeigt:
-
Figur 1 - einen Längsschnitt durch eine Feste Fahrbahn auf einem Brückenbauwerk im Bereich von Stirnseiten zweier Brückensegmente;
-
Figur 2 - eine Draufsicht auf eine Feste Fahrbahn in einem Bereich wie in
;Figur 1 -
Figur 3 - einen Querschnitt durch ein Brückensegment;
-
Figur 4 - einen Ausschnitt mit einer Detailansicht der Gleitschicht;
-
Figur 5 - einen Längsschnitt durch eine Ausführung einer Festen Fahrbahn und
- Figur 6
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführung einer Festen Fahrbahn.
- FIG. 1
- a longitudinal section through a slab track on a bridge structure in the region of end faces of two bridge segments;
- FIG. 2
- a top view of a slab track in an area as in
FIG. 1 ; - FIG. 3
- a cross section through a bridge segment;
- FIG. 4
- a detail with a detailed view of the sliding layer;
- FIG. 5
- a longitudinal section through an execution of a slab track and
- FIG. 6
- a longitudinal section through another embodiment of a slab track.
Zwischen dem Profilbeton 7 und der Oberseite des Segments 2 ist eine Gleitschicht 10 angeordnet. Um unterschiedliche Ausdehnungen, welche insbesondere durch Sonneneinstrahlung und die unterschiedlichen Massen des Segments 2 und der Festen Fahrbahn 1 mit dem Profilbeton 7 eintreten, ist es notwendig, dass die Feste Fahrbahn 1 und der Profilbeton 7 auf dem Segment 2 gleiten können. Es werden hierdurch unzulässige Verspannungen vermieden und es entsteht ein, insbesondere im Bereich der Festen Fahrbahn 1, sehr gleichbleibendes Bauwerk, welches den Fahrkomfort des Schienenfahrzeuges deutlich erhöht und andererseits relativ kostengünstig in der Herstellung ist.Between the
Die Segmente 2 sind bei dem hier dargestellten Ausschnitt auf einem Pfeiler 14 angeordnet. Sie sind jeweils auf einem Festlager 15 und einem Loslager 16 abgestützt. Hierdurch wird die Längsausdehnung des Segments 2 von dem Festlager 15 ausgehend in Richtung auf das Loslager 16 desselben Segments 2 erfolgen. Der Spalt in dem Stoß 12 wird hierdurch je nach Längenausdehnung des Segments 2 kleiner oder größer. Um Schubkräfte aus der Festen Fahrbahn 1 und dem Profilbeton 7 auf das Segment 2 übertragen zu können, sind Anker 18 im Bereich des Festlagers 15 des Segments 2 angeordnet, welche den Profilbeton 7 mit dem Segment 2 verbinden. Wärmeausdehnungen des Profilbetons 7 und des Segments 2 werden hierdurch auch in ihrer Richtung gleichgerichtet, so dass eine geringere Relativbewegung der beiden Einheiten zu erwarten ist.The
Die Anker 18 sind vorteilhafterweise Einschraubanker. Dies bedeutet, dass an der Oberseite der Segmente 2 Einschraubhülsen einbetoniert sind, in welche die Anker 18 erst kurz vor dem Betonieren des Profilbetons 7 eingeschraubt werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Oberseite der Segmente 2 während der Herstellung des Bauwerkes als Fahrweg für Baufahrzeuge genutzt werden kann, ohne dass die Anker 18, welche ansonsten aus der Oberseite des Segments 2 herausragen würden, beschädigt werden.The
Nachdem die Segmente 2 nicht miteinander verbunden sind, werden sie sich bei einer Belastung jeweils bogenförmig durchbiegen. Im Gegensatz hierzu wird die Bewegung des durchgehenden Bandes des Profilbetons 7 und der Festen Fahrbahn 1 eher wellenförmig erfolgen. Um einen unzulässigen Knick des durchgehenden Bandes im Bereich der Stirnseiten 13 zu vermeiden, ist eine die beiden Stirnseiten 13 überbrückende Einrichtung 200 zur Aufnahme einer Lageveränderung der benachbarten Stirnseiten 13 angeordnet. Die Einrichtung 200 besteht aus einer Hartschaumschicht 20, die im Bereich des Stoßes 12 angeordnet ist. Die Hartschaumschicht 20 befindet sich bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen den Segmenten 2 und des Profilbetons 7 und reicht teilweise in diese hinein. Ein gegebenenfalls auftretender Knick zwischen zwei Segmenten 2 im Bereich des Stoßes 12 drückt somit nicht gegen den Profilbeton 7, sondern bewegt sich in die Hartschaumschicht 20 hinein und komprimiert den Hartschaum ohne auf den Profilbeton 7 eine unzulässige Druckkraft auszuüben. Die Hartschaumschicht 20 kann aus Hartschaumplatten bestehen, welche in eine dafür vorgesehene Vertiefung des Segments 2 eingelegt sind. Eine Dicke der Hartschaumschicht 20 von wenigen Zentimetern ist üblicherweise ausreichend. Ebenso ist eine Überlappung der Stirnseiten 13 auf einer Länge von 1-2 m ebenfalls ausreichend, um die zu erwartenden Relativbewegungen von Profilbeton 7 und Segmente 2 in vertikaler Richtung ausgleichen zu können. Die Vertiefung in der Oberseite des Segments 2 zur Aufnahme der Hartschaumschicht 20 ist zwar vorteilhaft für die Herstellung, da die Position der Hartschaumschicht 20 beim Betonieren des Profilbetons 7 sicher beibehalten wird, sie ist aber für die Funktion nicht notwendigerweise erforderlich.After the
Um beim Betonieren des Profilbetons 7 die Position der darin befindlichen Bewehrung und insbesondere bei größeren Abständen zwischen den Segmenten 2 das Betonieren des Profilbetons 7 ohne zusätzliche Schalungsmittel sicherstellen zu können, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Einrichtung 200 auf der Hartschaumschicht 20 eine Stützplatte 21 aufweist. Die Stützplatte 21 stellt sicher, dass die Bewehrung nicht auf die Hartschaumschicht 20 beim Betonieren sinkt, sondern einen vorbestimmten Abstand hierzu einhält. Die Bewehrung kann sich dementsprechend auf der Stützplatte 21, beispielsweise mit daran angeordneten Füssen, abstützen.In order to be able to ensure the concreting of the profiled
Wesentlich ist jedenfalls, dass ein durchgehendes Band der Festen Fahrbahn 1 entsteht, welches unabhängig von dem Stoß 12 fortlaufend ausgebildet ist.It is essential in any case that a continuous band of
Zur Sicherstellung einer gleichbleibenden Position der Festen Fahrbahn 1 in Bezug auf die Querausrichtung zum Segment 2 sind Stopper 24 vorgesehen. Die Stopper 24 sind auf dem Segment 2 befestigt und führen die Feste Fahrbahn 1 sowie den Profilbeton 7 in Querrichtung. Die Kontaktstelle zur Festen Fahrbahn 1 bzw. zum Profilbeton 7 ist lose, so dass bei einer Längenausdehnung Verspannungen vermieden werden. Es kann deshalb vorteilhaft sein, auch hier eine Gleitschicht zwischen dem Stopper 24 und dem Profilbeton 7 vorzusehen.To ensure a constant position of the
Die rechte Hälfte der Darstellung der
In
In dem Ausführungsbeispiel der
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Abwandlungen in der Gestaltung des Profilbetons 7, dem Segment 2 sowie der Gleitschicht 10 sind jederzeit im Rahmen der Patentansprüche möglich.The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Modifications in the design of the
Claims (17)
- Solid track comprising a concrete strip on a structure made of individual segments (2) placed in rows and- with rails (6) arranged on the concrete strip for a rail-guided vehicle,- the concrete strip running on the segments (2) continuously and spanning the individual segments (2),- and an anti-friction layer (10) being placed between the concrete strip and the segments (2), andcharacterized in that- the concrete strip is made of profiled concrete (7) in which the curvature and transverse gradient of the course of the solid track are shown, and- in the region of the neighboring front sides of the two segments (2) placed in rows, a device (200) spanning the two front sides has been arranged for absorbing a change of position of the neighboring front sides by means of a compliant layer that is arranged between the segments (2) and the profiled concrete (7) and that is able to absorb a critical impact on the profiled concrete by forces acting in horizontal direction from below and by forces resulting from the sliding movement of the segments relative to the profiled concrete whereby the mobility of the profiled concrete (7) on the segments (2) is maintained and the unacceptable stresses of the profiled concrete (7) and therefore changes in rail (6) position are prevented without significantly affecting the effect of the anti-friction layer.
- Solid track according to claim 1 characterized in that the segment (2) rests on a fixed bearing (15) and a floating bearing (16) and the profiled concrete (7) in the region of the fixed bearing (15) of the segment (2) is firmly attached to it.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the fixed connection of segment (2) and profiled concrete (7) is provided with connecting elements such as anchors (18), especially screw-down anchors, stirrup reinforcements or plugs.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the compliant layer contains for example a rigid foam layer (20) or an elastomeric layer,.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the device (200) has a supporting plate (21) on the compliant layer (20).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the compliant layer (20) and/or the supporting plate (21) of the device (200) spans both front sides (13) of the segments (2).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the compliant layer (20) at least reaches out from the front side (13) of the segment (2) all the way to and beyond the bearing axis of the segment (2).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that a recess has been arranged on the segment (2) to partially receive the compliant layer (20).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the anti-friction layer (10) consists of a foil (27) and/or a geotextile (26).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that many rail-supporting points (5) have been arranged on or in the profiled concrete.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the rail-supporting points (5) have been poured into the profiled concrete as pre-cast concrete units or bolted in place.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the rail-supporting points (5) are individual structural parts (5) for each support, cross ties (5'), longitudinal ties (5"), two-block ties, a track grid and/or plates (5"') or are arranged on top of them.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the profiled concrete (7) is reinforced.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that stoppers (24) have been arranged on the segment (2) for the lateral and/or vertical guidance of the profiled concrete (7).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the device (200) forms a formwork for manufacturing the profiled concrete (7) between two neighboring segments (2).
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the segments (2) have been placed elevated or at ground level.
- Solid track according to one of the previous claims characterized in that the segments (2) are bridge girders, plates placed on a subsurface or pole head plates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007003351A DE102007003351A1 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2007-01-17 | Solid roadway with a concrete band |
PCT/EP2008/050086 WO2008087061A1 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2008-01-07 | Solid track comprising a concrete strip |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2102415A1 EP2102415A1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
EP2102415B1 true EP2102415B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
Family
ID=39204945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08701265.4A Not-in-force EP2102415B1 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2008-01-07 | Solid track comprising a concrete strip |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8281722B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2102415B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20090100429A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101583761B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007003351A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2472893C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008087061A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2011120187A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | 上海磁浮交通发展有限公司 | End consititution structure of maglev track beam |
KR101158466B1 (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-06-20 | 강남훈 | Easily replaceable track block having three dimensions solid shape and method for manufacturing the same, method for laying concrete track and method for laying track of automated guideway type light rail transit using the same track block |
KR101416157B1 (en) * | 2012-02-03 | 2014-07-09 | 강남훈 | Easily replaceable track block having three dimensions solid shape and method for manufacturing the same, method for laying concrete track and method for laying track of automated guideway type light rail transit using the same track block |
CN103015317B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-05-06 | 南京工业大学 | Factory-made orthotropic steel plate and composite combined deck structure |
CN103194970A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-07-10 | 黄海林 | Ribbed FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) component and concrete composite bridge deck |
RU2544041C2 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-03-10 | Александр Тихонович Зиньковский | Track and method of its operation |
CN104452584A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽省交通投资集团有限责任公司 | Steel bridge deck laying structure |
RU2700098C2 (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2019-09-12 | Альберт Васильевич Горностаев | Railway rail track |
RU2668530C1 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-10-01 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" | High speed main road |
RU2668529C1 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-10-01 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" | High speed main road |
IT201800004163A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-03 | Method of stabilization, by lightening, of a railway or road embankment | |
CN110761125A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-07 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Rock foundation existing high-speed rail coarse-grained soil filled embankment side width structure and construction method |
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- 2008-01-07 CN CN200880002560.3A patent/CN101583761B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-01-07 EP EP08701265.4A patent/EP2102415B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-01-07 RU RU2009131063/11A patent/RU2472893C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-01-07 WO PCT/EP2008/050086 patent/WO2008087061A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-01-07 KR KR1020097015912A patent/KR20090100429A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-01-07 US US12/523,221 patent/US8281722B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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RU2009131063A (en) | 2011-02-27 |
KR20090100429A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
US20100065651A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
DE102007003351A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
US8281722B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 |
WO2008087061A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
EP2102415A1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
CN101583761A (en) | 2009-11-18 |
RU2472893C2 (en) | 2013-01-20 |
CN101583761B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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