EP2100975A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour traiter un métal fondu pour produire des coulages de métal - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour traiter un métal fondu pour produire des coulages de métal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2100975A1
EP2100975A1 EP08101995A EP08101995A EP2100975A1 EP 2100975 A1 EP2100975 A1 EP 2100975A1 EP 08101995 A EP08101995 A EP 08101995A EP 08101995 A EP08101995 A EP 08101995A EP 2100975 A1 EP2100975 A1 EP 2100975A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molten metal
treatment chamber
additive
granules
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08101995A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Charles Defrancq
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Corus Technology BV
Original Assignee
Corus Technology BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Corus Technology BV filed Critical Corus Technology BV
Priority to EP08101995A priority Critical patent/EP2100975A1/fr
Publication of EP2100975A1 publication Critical patent/EP2100975A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
    • C22B9/103—Methods of introduction of solid or liquid refining or fluxing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0068—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by introducing material into a current of streaming metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0024—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of metallic workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
    • C21C7/0043—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material into the falling stream of molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating a molten metal suitable for producing a metal casting using an additive that is fed into the molten metal, wherein a stream of molten metal is introduced into a treatment chamber such that the introduced molten metal rotates in the treatment chamber, the treated molten metal being discharged from the lower end of the treatment chamber by gravity.
  • the invention also relates to a device for the implementation of the method.
  • Feeding an additive into a molten metal is necessary for obtaining castable molten metals or for performing specific treatments.
  • the additive has a lower specific mass than the molten metal and thus remains floating on the molten metal for some time, and sometimes the additive will evaporate, oxidise or bum before it is mixed with the molten metal.
  • it is very difficult to feed such additives into the molten metal.
  • one or more of these objects are reached by using a method for treating a molten metal suitable for producing a metal casting using an additive that is fed into the molten metal, wherein a stream of molten metal is introduced into a treatment chamber such that the introduced molten metal rotates in the treatment chamber, the treated molten metal being discharged from the lower end of the treatment chamber by gravity, and wherein the rotating molten metal in the treatment chamber forms an open vortex and the additive is fed into the molten metal by supplying granules or wire containing the additive into the centre of the open vortex.
  • the inventors have found that, surprisingly, the recovery of the additive is very much improved by feeding the granules into the centre of the open vortex of the molten metal. By doing so, the inventors found that the granules are directly immersed in the molten metal, and as a result virtually no oxidation of the additive will take place, and that the granules will not float on the molten metal, so no clogging of the treatment chamber will occur. The inventors thus found a high recovery of the additive in the molten metal discharged from the treatment chamber. Moreover, they found that the recovery rate is fairly stable during use and that the temperature of the treated molten metal was only slightly lowered as compared to the introduced molten metal. With the term 'open vortex' is meant here the surface of a rotating fluid which in cross section presents a parabolic shape that is lower to the centre of the rotation of the fluid, due to the forced rotation.
  • the granules are supplied into the centre of the open vortex by gravity.
  • gravity is a very simple way of supplying the granules into the molten metal, which is very reproducable as well. No carrier gas is needed, of which the pressure could change during the use of the method, which would result in varying immersion of the granules in the molten metal.
  • the use of gravity results in a very constant supply of the granules into the centre of the open vortex of the molten metal.
  • the granules are supplied from a reservoir having a discharge opening which is situated perpendicularly above the centre of the open vortex.
  • the granules will be supplied directly from the reservoir into the centre of the open vortex of the molten metal, without any additional guiding or introduction means such as a tube, which could get choked.
  • the granules have a diameter of 0,2 to 2 mm. With such a diameter, the granules can be supplied evenly into the centre of the open vortex of the molten metal. Using a smaller diameter could result in floating of the granules on the molten metal; using a larger diameter could result in clogging of the feeding means of the granules, such as the discharge opening of the granule reservoir.
  • the stream of molten metal is introduced into the treatment chamber in the upper half of the treatment chamber, more preferably under an angle that is slightly inclined towards the lower end of the treatment chamber.
  • an open vortex is formed, while it has been found that by introducing the stream of molten metal in the lower part of the treatment chamber the molten metal will rotate in the treatment chamber, but an open vortex will not easily be formed.
  • Introducing the stream of molten metal under a slight angle has shown to form a stable open vortex.
  • the treated molten metal is liquid cast iron.
  • the additive is provided in a secure, safe way giving a constant and high recovery.
  • the additive is a nodulisation additive such as magnesium, used for producing a nodular or vermicular iron casting.
  • a nodulisation additive such as magnesium
  • magnesium has a boiling point that is lower than the casting temperature of cast iron, so it can easily vaporise in contact with molten iron.
  • magnesium is less dense than iron and thus apt to float on molten iron. It has been found that the method according to the invention results in a high recovery of the magnesium in the molten iron.
  • the granules or the wire preferably comprise a FeSiMg alloy.
  • a FeSiMg alloy is the most widely used alloy for introducing magnesium into cast iron.
  • the additive can also be an inoculation additive such as a ferrosilicon alloy, preferably comprising 70-75 wt% Si, 0.005-3 wt% bismuth, lead or antimony and 0.005-3 wt% of at least one metal from the group of rare earths.
  • a ferrosilicon alloy preferably comprising 70-75 wt% Si, 0.005-3 wt% bismuth, lead or antimony and 0.005-3 wt% of at least one metal from the group of rare earths.
  • This preferred alloy is usually called 'Sphérix'.
  • inventions are those where the treated molten metal is liquid steel and the additive is a desoxidising additive such as aluminium, for producing desoxidised steel, or where the treated molten metal is liquid steel and the additive is a grain refining additive, for producing grain refined steel.
  • a desoxidising additive such as aluminium
  • the additive is a grain refining additive, for producing grain refined steel.
  • a device for feeding an additive into a molten metal comprising a treatment chamber having an inlet opening for the introduction of molten metal and an outlet opening at its lower end, the treatment chamber being formed such that an open vortex is formed when molten metal is introduced through the inlet opening and discharged through the outlet opening during use, and wherein supply means are provided for supplying granules or wire into the treatment chamber such that the granules or wire are supplied into the centre of the open vortex during use.
  • This apparatus can be used for implementing the method described above.
  • the supply means are formed by a granule reservoir having an outlet opening for the granules that is situated perpendicularly above the open vortex during use.
  • the granule reservoir and especially the outlet opening can be formed such that they match the size of the treatment chamber and the amount of molten metal transported through the treatment chamber per second.
  • outlet opening of the granule reservoir has been provided with an interchangeable valve. This is especially so when the amount of granules has to be controlled accurately and when the amount of granules has to be changed, for instance when the apparatus is to be used for different molten metal types.
  • the granule reservoir has been provided as a separate, interchangeable container in the device. In this way it is very easy to replace a container containing one type or size of granules by another container containing another type or size of granules.
  • a molten metal reservoir has been provided which preferably has been connected with the inlet opening of the treatment chamber by means of a conduit.
  • a metal reservoir results in a constant flow of molten metal into the treatment chamber, and in that way a stable open vortex can be formed.
  • the device has been made of ceramic material. By choosing this material, the device can be used several times for treating molten metal.
  • one or more casting moulds are connected to the outlet opening of the treatment chamber.
  • the molten metal treated with the additive in the treatment chamber will thus be cast into the casting mould(s) to form metal castings.
  • FIG 1 shows an embodiment of a device 1 for feeding an additive into a molten metal in accordance with the invention.
  • the device has a molten metal reservoir 2 in which molten metal that has to be treated has to be poured and a treatment chamber 3 with an inlet opening 4 and an outlet opening 5 for treating the molten metal.
  • the molten metal reservoir has been connected to the treatment chamber by means of a conduit 6, which conduit ends in the inlet opening 4 of the treatment chamber.
  • the conduit 6 ends at a side of the treatment chamber 3 in the upper half thereof, under an angle that is slightly inclined towards the outlet opening of the treatment chamber as shown in Figure 1 , for reasons as elucidated below.
  • a granule reservoir 7 has been supplied, in which a separate container 8 has been placed, indicated by broken lines in Figure 1 (not in Figure 2 ).
  • the container has been provided with a valve 9, schematically indicated in Figure 1 , for releasing granules that are present in the container during use.
  • the device has been engineered such that molten metal flowing through conduit 6 enters the upper part of the treatment chamber with a velocity and under an angle, resulting in a whirling movement of the molten metal.
  • This whirling movement causes an open vortex in the molten metal.
  • the outlet opening 5 of the treatment chamber should not be designed too small, as a result of which the treatment chamber would be filled with molten metal and no open vortex would be formed, and also not too large, as a result of which all molten metal would flow out of the treatment chamber and an open vortex would not be formed as well.
  • the open vortex thus fills approximately the lower half of the treatment chamber.
  • a container 8 with granules containing an additive is placed in the granule reservoir 7 of device 1 while the valve 9 is closed.
  • molten metal is poured into the molten metal reservoir 2, it streams through the conduit 6 and enters the upper part of the treatment chamber 3 through the inlet opening 4, thus engaging in a whirling motion, resulting in an open vortex in the molten metal in the treatment chamber.
  • the valve 9 is opened (it is known in the art what ways there are to do so) and a dosed stream of granules from the container 8 falls in the centre of the open vortex in the molten metal in the treatment chamber.
  • the granules are directly immersed in the molten metal due to the high velocity of the molten metal at the surface of the open vortex. In this way, it is not possible for the granules to remain floated on the molten metal. Due to the whirling motion of the molten metal in the treatment chamber, the granules dissolve fast in the molten metal and a high recovery rate of the additive in the molten metal is achieved.
  • the treated molten metal leaving the outlet opening 5 is preferably directly guided into a mould or sequentially into a number of moulds. In such a situation, it is advisable to provide a ventilation duct for the treatment chamber 3 in the device. It is however also possible to use the treated molten metal leaving the outlet opening 5 to fill a ladle, from which the metal can subsequently be cast.
  • the method and device according to the invention can be very well used for treating cast iron, for instance by adding granules containing a nodulisation additive, such as magnesium, or by adding an inoculation additive, such as Sphérix.
  • the method and device can also be used for treating steel by adding a desoxidising additive such as aluminium or a grain refining additive.
  • a desoxidising additive such as aluminium or a grain refining additive.
  • the device 1 has been made of a ceramic material, and the molten metal is poured into the metal reservoir 2 with a pouring rate of approximately 1 kg/s.
  • the treatment chamber 3 has a diameter of approximately 80 mm, and care has to be taken that the outlet opening 5 of treatment chamber 3 and the outlet opening of metal reservoir 2 have a diameter that is tuned to hold the treatment chamber partly filled with the molten metal.
  • the outlet opening of metal reservoir 2 has a diameter of 13 mm and the outlet opening 5 has a diameter of 24 mm.
  • the valve 9 of the container 8 has a calibrated opening, such that the required amount of granules enters the treatment chamber.
  • the calibrated opening for the granules in the valve 9 of the container 8 has to be tuned to the kind of molten material to be treated with the additive, the kind of additive and the kind and size of the granules, and the amount of liquid molten metal supplied into the treatment chamber per second.
  • magnesium is added to liquid cast iron in the form of granules, which have the following composition: 5.8 % Mg, 46 % of Si, 0.48 % of Ca, 0.36 % of La, 1.1 % of Al, balance Fe and inevitable impurities (all elements in wt%).
  • the amount of granules introduced in the treatment chamber is 1.1 % of the weight of the casting.
  • the device has been installed on top of a horizontal stack mould consisting of six moulds that are sequentially filled.
  • the result of the magnesium analysis of the six moulds showed magnesium percentages between 0.047 % and 0.050 %.
  • the level of regularity of the reaction thus is almost perfect.
  • the obtained magnesium recovery has been found to be 77 %, which is very high, and the device showed no traces of slag formation after the treatment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
EP08101995A 2008-02-26 2008-02-26 Procédé et dispositif pour traiter un métal fondu pour produire des coulages de métal Withdrawn EP2100975A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101995A EP2100975A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2008-02-26 Procédé et dispositif pour traiter un métal fondu pour produire des coulages de métal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08101995A EP2100975A1 (fr) 2008-02-26 2008-02-26 Procédé et dispositif pour traiter un métal fondu pour produire des coulages de métal

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102168218A (zh) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-31 上海圣德曼铸造有限公司 一种低硅球化剂及其制备方法
RU2459001C1 (ru) * 2010-12-30 2012-08-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ярославский государственный технический университет" Модифицирующая смесь для чугуна
CN114517270A (zh) * 2022-04-12 2022-05-20 亚新科国际铸造（山西）有限公司 一种低成本提高发动机缸体缸盖铸件性能的铸造工艺

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE639410A (fr) *
GB1121269A (en) * 1965-09-10 1968-07-24 Tno Improvements in or relating to pouring blocks
CH469809A (de) * 1968-02-14 1969-03-15 Feichtinger Heinrich Ing Dr Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Einbringen von Magnesium, Impf- oder Desoxydationsstoffen in metallische Schmelzen
US4034970A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-07-12 General Motors Corporation Method and device for nodularizing cast iron
US4191563A (en) * 1976-03-08 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Continuous stream treatment of ductile iron
EP0030220A2 (fr) 1979-12-03 1981-06-10 Union Carbide Corporation Procédé pour introduire des additifs solides dans un métal en fusion
SU1133029A1 (ru) * 1982-12-10 1985-01-07 Свердловский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Горный Институт Им.В.В.Вахрушева Устройство дл модифицировани жидкого металла
US5435527A (en) * 1991-10-16 1995-07-25 Pechiney Electrometallurgie Apparatus for the late introduction of particulate alloy when casting a liquid metal
WO2001057280A1 (fr) 2000-01-31 2001-08-09 Elkem Asa Procede d'affinage de grains d'acier, alliage d'affinage de grains pour acier et procede de production dudit alliage
WO2001066813A1 (fr) 2000-03-03 2001-09-13 Corus Uk Limited Microstructure et composition en acier

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE639410A (fr) *
GB1121269A (en) * 1965-09-10 1968-07-24 Tno Improvements in or relating to pouring blocks
CH469809A (de) * 1968-02-14 1969-03-15 Feichtinger Heinrich Ing Dr Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Einbringen von Magnesium, Impf- oder Desoxydationsstoffen in metallische Schmelzen
US4034970A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-07-12 General Motors Corporation Method and device for nodularizing cast iron
US4191563A (en) * 1976-03-08 1980-03-04 Ford Motor Company Continuous stream treatment of ductile iron
EP0030220A2 (fr) 1979-12-03 1981-06-10 Union Carbide Corporation Procédé pour introduire des additifs solides dans un métal en fusion
SU1133029A1 (ru) * 1982-12-10 1985-01-07 Свердловский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Горный Институт Им.В.В.Вахрушева Устройство дл модифицировани жидкого металла
US5435527A (en) * 1991-10-16 1995-07-25 Pechiney Electrometallurgie Apparatus for the late introduction of particulate alloy when casting a liquid metal
WO2001057280A1 (fr) 2000-01-31 2001-08-09 Elkem Asa Procede d'affinage de grains d'acier, alliage d'affinage de grains pour acier et procede de production dudit alliage
WO2001066813A1 (fr) 2000-03-03 2001-09-13 Corus Uk Limited Microstructure et composition en acier

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102168218A (zh) * 2010-02-25 2011-08-31 上海圣德曼铸造有限公司 一种低硅球化剂及其制备方法
CN102168218B (zh) * 2010-02-25 2013-07-10 上海圣德曼铸造有限公司 一种低硅球化剂及其制备方法
RU2459001C1 (ru) * 2010-12-30 2012-08-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ярославский государственный технический университет" Модифицирующая смесь для чугуна
CN114517270A (zh) * 2022-04-12 2022-05-20 亚新科国际铸造（山西）有限公司 一种低成本提高发动机缸体缸盖铸件性能的铸造工艺
CN114517270B (zh) * 2022-04-12 2022-07-26 亚新科国际铸造（山西）有限公司 一种低成本提高发动机缸体缸盖铸件性能的铸造工艺

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