EP0016273B1 - Procédé et installation pour produire des compositions métalliques consistant en au moins deux constituants dont l'un a une température de fusion excédant la température d'ébullition de l'autre constituant - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour produire des compositions métalliques consistant en au moins deux constituants dont l'un a une température de fusion excédant la température d'ébullition de l'autre constituant Download PDF

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EP0016273B1
EP0016273B1 EP19790300491 EP79300491A EP0016273B1 EP 0016273 B1 EP0016273 B1 EP 0016273B1 EP 19790300491 EP19790300491 EP 19790300491 EP 79300491 A EP79300491 A EP 79300491A EP 0016273 B1 EP0016273 B1 EP 0016273B1
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Prior art keywords
constituent
magnesium
melt
chamber
iron
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0016273A1 (fr
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Richard Aloysius Flinn
Paul Karl Trojan
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Priority to DE7979300491T priority patent/DE2966152D1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the production of a metallic composition comprising a melt containing at least two metallic constituents one of which has a melting temperature which exceeds the boiling temperature of the other at atmospheric pressure.
  • the invention relates more specifically to a process and apparatus for the production of a solid metallic composition.
  • Nodular iron is superior to gray cast iron containing graphite flakes in that it has twice the tensile strength and twenty times the ductility of gray cast iron.
  • a problem in producing nodular iron however is that magnesium reacts violently with molten iron and is soluble in iron only to a small degree.
  • the magnesium has been introduced in various combined forms such as ferrosilicon magnesium (see U.S. Patents 3,177,071, 3,290,142, 3,367,771 and 3,375,104), coke or charcoal impregnated with magnesium (see U.S. Patents 3,321,304 and 3,598,572), combinations of rare earths and magnesium and alloys of magnesium and nickel or copper (see U.S. Patents 3,030,205 and 3,544,312).
  • nodulizing agents are deficient in several respects.
  • those agents which include substantial amounts of silicon or other low density elements tend to float in the ladle and thus require expensive and cumbersome apparatus for introduction into the bath of molten iron.
  • nodulizing agents including substantial amounts of nickel may have a density approaching that of molten iron and thus will have little tendency to float in the ladle.
  • such nodulizing agents may be expensive and may introduce undesirable elements into the molten iron.
  • a process for the production of a solid metallic composition comprising a melt containing at least two metallic constituents one of which has a melting temperature which exceeds the boiling temperature of the other at atmospheric pressure, said process being characterized by forming from a liquid melt of said one constituent a liquid body having a depth at least sufficient to produce a static pressure head therein in excess of the vapor pressure of said other constituent at the temperature of the melt, introducing said one constituent as a liquid melt at a static pressure head in excess of the vapor pressure of said other constituent into a chamber, metering a supply of said other constituent at a predetermined rate into said chamber, retaining said one and said other constituents in said chamber to form a mixture of said constituents in which at least a portion of said other constituent is in solution with said one constituent, and withdrawing said mixture from said chamber at a rate and pressure to ensure non-volatization of the other constituent.
  • the other constituent comprises a nodulizing agent
  • substantially full recovery of the added nodulizing agent is possible i.e. none of the nodulizing agent, for example magnesium, is lost through vaporization and flaring, and introduces no spurious materials into the melt.
  • the metallic composition may be produced in the form of an ingot, a bar or as shot or pellets. Where the product takes the form of a bar or shot, the process may be conducted in a continuous manner while where the product is an ingot, the process is usually a batch process.
  • the molten mixture is solidified, after withdrawal from the chamber, at a static pressure head in excess of the vapor pressure of said constituent and at a rate sufficient to retain a portion of the other constituent rejected from said mixture during cooling thereof as a dispersion of small particles in a matrix of said one constituent.
  • the solid metallic-composition is a ferro-magnesium product is may contain in addition to magnesium and iron, also carbon and silicon and other incidental elements, for example, 4% carbon and 1% silicon and thus comprise a cast iron composition containing substantial amounts of magnesium; i.e. more than 0.40% magnesium, preferably more than 1.00% magnesium.
  • the ferro-magnesium product of the invention is characterized by the fact that, in addition to the small amount of magnesium dissolved by the iron, the major portion of the magnesium appears as a dispersion of magnesium in a matrix of iron.
  • Such a product is ideally suited as a nodulizing agent since, in the presence of additional liquid iron the dispersed magnesium particles will tend to dissolve rather than form large bubbles of vapor which may easily escape from a molten iron bath.
  • the effect of the particles of magnesium dispersed in the iron matrix leads to efficient solution of the magnesium in a liquid iron bath. This, of course, is in sharp contrast to the use of ingots or bars of pure magnesium which melt and vaporize in the presence of molten iron under atmospheric or slightly superatmospheric pressures.
  • the dispersion of particles of magnesium in the iron matrix is formed by rapidly cooling the mixture of magnesium and iron.
  • the step of rapid cooling may be performed in a chill mold if the process is to be performed as a batch process.
  • the process is performed as a continuous process, in which case the step of rapid cooling comprises either the conversion of the mixture into shot or pellets in a shotting chamber or the casting of the mixture into billets or bars by a continuous casting process.
  • the ferro-magnesium product may be in the form of ingots, billets, bars, shot or pellets.
  • an apparatus for the production of a solid metallic composition containing at least two metallic constituents wherein the melting temperature of one of the constituents exceeds the boiling temperature of the other constituent at atmospheric pressure the apparatus having an open ended furnace for feeding a melt of one of the constituents, a reactin chamber, and means for feeding the other melt constituent into the reaction chamber, characterised in that the furnace has a channel for providing a melt maintaining static pressure head in the chamber and one end of the means for feeding the other melt constituent is inside the reaction chamber at an end portion thereof opposite the chamber outlet end.
  • the apparatus also has means adapted rapidly to solidify said metallic composition communicating with said reaction chamber at the outlet end thereof.
  • Such means may be a chill mold, a shotting chamber or a continuous casting machine.
  • the reaction chamber may include heating means.
  • a freeze tube may be provided communicating with the upper region of the reaction chamber.
  • stream directing means may be provided to direct the flow of said one constituent downwardly and then upwardly adjacent the outlet end of said means for feeding the other melt constituent whereby the combined flow of said one and said other constituents will be inhibited from flowing back through said stream directing means into said furnace.
  • the said means for feeding the other melt constituent may comprise an inlet orifice in said reaction chamber and pinch rolls adapted to feed said other constituent in solid form through said orifice into said reaction chamber.
  • the effective height of the furnace is determined by the operating temperature of the one constituent, preferably iron, and is selected so that the static head at the reaction is greater than the vapor pressure of the said other melt constituent, preferably magnesium, at the predetermined operating temperature.
  • the furnace may be fitted with controllable means to ensure that the predetermined temperature of the molten iron is maintained.
  • the reaction chamber is within a reactor which is a closed, and preferably heated, vessel designed to promote the admixture of the liquid iron and magnesium to promote dissolution and dispersion of magnesium by the liquid iron and desirably to inhibit any reverse flow of the mixture and solution backwards into the furnace.
  • the said other constituent feed means preferably comprises a magnesium adder including a heated chamber adapted to contain and melt a number of magnesium bars. The melted magnesium is then metered into the reactor as a thin stream by means of the pressure exerted at one end of the chamber by an inert gas. Alternatively, magnesium may be introduced into the reactor in the form of a solid magnesium wire.
  • the reactor is sized in proportion to the furnace and magnesium adder, and the reactor and adder are specially adapted to promote the dissolution and dispersion of a maximum amount of magnesium into molten iron.
  • 10 indicates a columnar furnace communicating at its upper end with a heated tundish 12 fed from a source of molten iron or hot metal 14. At its lower end, the columnar furnace 10 communicates with a heated reactor 16. A magnesium adder 18 delivers molten magnesium to one end of the reactor 16 and ferro-magnesium is withdrawn from the opposite end of the reactor. As shown in Fig. 1, the ferro-magnesium product is then solidified into bars or ingots in a pressurized mold 20, which is, preferably water or air cooled. Alternatively, the ferro-magnesium product may be formed into shot or pellets in a shotting chamber 22 (Fig. 7) or as a bar or billet in a continuous casting machine 24 (Fig. 8).
  • the columnar furnace 10 comprises a hollow cylindrical pipe-like core 26 preferably formed from graphite and surrounded by a heater 28.
  • the heater 28 may comprise a ceramic tube 30 about which a resistance element 32 is wound.
  • the heating element 32 may comprise a series of separate and individually variable heaters whereby a desired temperature profile may be established in the furnace.
  • Refractory material 34 is formed around the outside of heater 28 and the furnace and refractory is contained in a steel shell 36.
  • the vertical height of the columnar furnace 10 is a function of the operating temperature of the molten iron. Table I below shows the relationship between the vapor pressure of the magnesium and the height of a column of iron required to produce an equivalent pressure head at various temperatures:
  • the principal purpose of the columnar furnace is to provide the requisite pressure head and that, at the end of any heat, the iron contained in the furnace cannot be treated. Therefore, to minimize the amount of untreated metal, the inside diameter of the furnace core 26 should be kept at a minimum consistent with the desired flow rate of iron through the apparatus and the ability of the apparatus to maintain consistent temperatures.
  • the tundish-like vessel 12 at the upper end of the columnar furnace 10 comprises a refractory shell 38, preferably made from graphite, a heater 40 formed around, but electrically insulated from, the shell 38, appropriate refractory material 42 formed around the tundish shell 38 and heater 40, and an outer steel shell 42.
  • the tundish 12 may be formed integrally with the columnar furnace 10, as shown, or may be a separate unit in juxtaposition with the furnace 10.
  • the tundish 12 is designed so that its diameter is relatively large compared with its height whereby the operating head of molten metal may be maintained substantially constant.
  • the lower end of the furnace 10 communicates with the reactor. It will be appreciated that the furnace may communicate with the reactor alternatively at any point above its lower end provided that the effective height of the furnace is sufficient to provide the requisite static head at the level of the reactor.
  • the lower end of the columnar furnace 10 may be connected to the reactor 16 as shown most clearly in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • the reactor may comprise a refractory cylinder 46, preferably formed from graphite.
  • the refractory cylinder 46 comprises an assembly of threadedly joined cup-like portions 48, 50.
  • a threaded graphite sleeve 52 is assembled into a threaded hole formed in graphite cup 48 while a graphite coupling 54 joins the lower end of the furnace core 26 and the graphite sleeve 52.
  • a guide block 56 also preferably fabricated from graphite.
  • the guide block 56 has formed therein a generally J-shaped passage 58, the longer leg of which is aligned with the bore of the sleeve 52 while a shorter leg terminates in an orifice situated near the axis of the graphite cup 48.
  • the guide block 56 is formed so that its upper and lower edges mate with a portion of the inner surface of the refractory cylinder 46 while its lateral surfaces are displaced from the inner surface of the refractory cylinder 46. It will thus be appreciated that molten metal flowing through the columnar furnace passes through the J-shaped passage 58 of the guide block 56 and then passes around the guide block toward the rear of the reactor.
  • the plug 60 is provided as a convenience to fill the hole formed in the rear wall of the guide block 56 during boring of the bottom leg of the J-shaped passage 58.
  • a threaded orifice 62 is provided in the top region of the cup-like portion 50 of the reactor body opposite the columnar furnace 10 into which is threaded a freeze tube 64.
  • the freeze tube 64 communicates with the interior of the reactor and provides an escape passage for air initially contained within the reactor. It will be appreciated that the molten metal entering the reactor will first drive out the air contained in the reactor and then will itself enter the freeze tube. bue to the small bore of the freeze tube, the molten metal will solidify rapidly and thereby seal the freeze tube and the reactor 16.
  • the pressure within the reactor will approach a pressure determined by the head of molten metal in the columnar furnace 10.
  • the latter is preferably encased Within a ceramic tube 66 around which a heating element 68 is wound.
  • the magnesium adder 18 communicates with the reactor 16 through an inclined threaded orifice 7'0 (Fig. 3).
  • the magnesium adder comprises a cylindrical body 72 made from a refractory material, preferably graphite.
  • the adder body 72 is preferably formed from two cup-like portions threadedly connected together.
  • a threaded sleeve 74 positions the adder body 72 in the threaded orifice 70 of the reactor 16.
  • a ceramic tube 76 bearing a heating element 78 surrounds the adder body 72.
  • a nipple 80 is threaded into the adder body 72 and carries a spring loading mechanism 82 on its free end (Fig. 6).
  • a valve stem 84 is positioned for axial movement along the axis of adder 18 and carries on the end adjacent to the reactor a needle valve 86 Which seats in valve seat 88 threadedly connected to the sleeve 74. At the opposite end of the valve stem 84 there is mounted a stop 90 (see Fig. 6). A spring 92 surrounds the valve stem 84 and biases the needie valve 86 into the closed position.
  • the valve stem 84 may be integral or, as shown in Fig. 5, it may be fabricated from a series of rods and couplings.
  • the stem 84 is of substantially smaller diameter than the bore of the sleeve 74, it may be desirable to provide a graphite sleeve 94 to provide a more uniform passageway.
  • the sleeve 94 may be made from aluminum in order to provide pretreatment and degasification of the reactor 16.
  • a tube 96 communicating with a source of inert pressurized gas is connected to the nipple 80 so as to pressurize the adder body.
  • An 0-ring seal 98 seals the valve stem 84 from the spring loading mechanism 82 and prevents escape of the pressurizing fluid therebetween.
  • the heating element 78 provides sufficient heat to melt the magnesium bars 100 contained in the adder body 72 to form liquid magnesium which may then be forced into the reactor by pressurized inert gas through tube 96 whenever the needle valve 86 is opened.
  • FIG. 9 An alternative apparatus for introducing magnesium into the reactor is shown schematically in Fig, 9 wherein portions common to the reactor shown in Fig. 3 bear the same identification numbers while similar parts are indicated by a primed identification number.
  • the body of the reactor 48' is formed with an angularly disposed orifice 156 sized to receive a solid magnesium wire 158 while maintaining the pressure within the interior region of the reactor 16.
  • the outer end of the orifice 156 may be flared as shown at 160.
  • the magnesium wire 158 may be supplied from appropriate reel or spool means (not shown) and fed into the reactor 16 at a controlled rate by means of one or more sets of pinch rolls 162.
  • the magnesium wire 158 will be delivered to the region of the outlet of the J-shaped passage 58 formed in the guide block 56. As a result of the relatively high temperatures within the reactor, the magnesium wire will quickly melt and become dissolved or dispersed within the iron melt to form a mixture of iron and magnesium.
  • the columnar furnace 10, reactor 16 and adder 18 may be mounted on an appropriate frame 102.
  • a collar 104 having a flange on its free end is fastened to the frame 102 and carries a tap 106 for directing an inert pressurizing gas into the collar.
  • a flanged pipe 108 To the flange of the collar 104 is connected a flanged pipe 108, the opposite end of which is closed and sealed.
  • the pipe 108 Is inclined with the flanged end higher than the closed end.
  • a refractory tube 110 preferably formed from graphite and having one end closed is disposed within the flanged pipe 108.
  • a spout 112 communicates between the reactor 16 and pressurized mold 20 through the collar 104.
  • molten iron is tapped from a ladle or other source of molten iron 14 into the tundish 12 and thence into the columnar furnace 10.
  • the molten metal passes through the J-shaped passage 58 of the guide block 56 and fills the reactor 16.
  • a pressure measured by the level of the molten metal in the tundish 12 is established.
  • the heater 78 of the adder 18 Prior to charging the columnar furnace with molten metal, the heater 78 of the adder 18 will have been activated so as to melt the magnesium bars contained therein into liquid form.
  • the valve stem 84 is activated under manual control or automatically by means of a solenoid responding to the pressure in the reactor chamber, so as to meter liquid magnesium at a predetermined rate into the stream of molten iron emerging from the short leg of the J-shaped passage 58 of the guide block 56. It will be appreciated that introducing the liquid magnesium into the iron at a point above the bottom of the J-shaped passage inhibits any tendency of the magnesium to flow into the columnar furnace where, as a result of decreasing pressure, boiling would occur.
  • the reactor 16 is sized to provide sufficient retention time for the iron to become substantially saturated with magnesium. Any excess magnesium will be dispersed throughout the iron bath.
  • the amount of magnesium that can be dissolved in iron varies with the temperature and composition of the metal; see "A New Method for Determination of Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium as Applied to the Fe-C-Si-Mg System" by P. K. Trojan and R. A. Flinn, Transactions of the ASM Vol. 54, 1961, pp. 549-566.
  • Considering a molten metal containing 4% carbon, 0% silicon and the balance essentially iron, at 2600°F (1427°C) such a composition can dissolve about 2.4% magnesium.
  • At 2300°F (1260°C) the same composition can dissolve about 1.4% magnesium, the balance of the magnesium being rejected as liquid magnesium, probably in the form of fine spherical droplets dispersed throughout the iron bath.
  • the tundish of the columnar furnace was 9 inches (228 mm) high and 4-3/4 inches (121 mm) inside diameter while the columnar furnace had an inside diameter of 3/4 inch (19 mm) and a total height of about 13 feet (3.96 metres).
  • the reactor was formed from a graphite tube having an inside diameter of 2-1/2 inches (63.5 mm) and an outside diameter of 4 inches (102 mm).
  • the inside length of the reactor was 15 inches (381 mm).
  • the magnesium adder was also formed from a graphite tube having an inside diameter of 2-1/2 inches (63.5 mm) an inside length of about 10 inches (254 mm). The adder was arranged at an angle of 30° upwardly from the horizontal axis of the reactor.
  • the pressure chill mold 20 for this heat comprised a six inch diameter steel pipe 9 feet (2.74 metres) long which contained a graphite liner 9 feet long (2.74 metres) having an inside diameter of 4 inches (102 mm) and an outside diameter of 5-1/4 inches (133 mm).
  • the pipe and graphite liner were inclined downwardly from the horizontal axis of the reactor at an angle of about 6°.
  • the columnar furnace Prior to the beginning of the heat, the columnar furnace was preheated to a temperature ranging over its height from 2000 to 2040°F (1093 to 1116°C). The reactor was also heated to a temperature in the range of 2000 to 2040° (1093 to 1116°C) and soaked for 1/2 hour. The magnesium adder was preheated to 1590°F (866°C) while the tundish was preheated to 1680°F (915°C).
  • the molten metal was poured into the tundish at a temperature of 2425°F (1329°C) and reached a maximum temperature of 2255°F (1235°C) in the reactor at about 40 seconds after the pour began.
  • a log of the heat indicates the following:
  • a fine dispersion of magnesium in iron is equivalent for the purposes of the present invention with a solution of magnesium in iron but an agglomeration of the magnesium into large particles is disadvantageous.
  • the reason for this is that magnesium is relatively less dense than iron and therefore particles or drops of magnesium will tend to rise upwardly in a bath whose principal ingredient is iron and will soon vaporize to form bubbles of gaseous magnesium. The bubbles of gaseous magnesium will rise rapidly through the bath to join the atmosphere above the bath.
  • a "large" particle of magnesium is defined as one which will vaporize at least in substantial part instead of dissolving in the iron-containing bath under the pressure and temperature conditions present in the bath.
  • a "small" particle of magnesium may be defined correlatively as one which will dissolve in the liquid iron bath without substantial vaporization.
  • a proper control of the pressure and temperature conditions during cooling will result in an iron composition containing maximized amounts of finely dispersed magnesium in an iron matrix.
  • the matrix will contain a small amount of dissolved magnesium, e.g., less than about 0.1% magnesium.
  • Fig. 1 there is shown a pressurized chill mold apparatus which is designed to maintain a pressurized inert atmosphere within the mold while the cast bar is cooled rapidly.
  • Spout 112 communicates between the reactor 16 and the shotting chamber 22 and is preferably surrounded by an insulated sleeve 114 fastened at one end to the reactor frame 102 and at the other end to the tank 116 of the shotting chamber 22.
  • the tank 116 is sealed at the top by a lid 118 through which pass pressurizing tube 120 and liquid return tube 122.
  • Pressurizing tube 120 may be connected to a pump 124 and thence via conduit 126 to a source of inert gas (not shown).
  • the inert gas may be argon or another gas considered to be inert to both iron and magnesium which can be supplied in the usual high pressure cylinder fitted with an appropriate pressure regulator.
  • the bottom 128 of the tank 116 is preferably conical in shape and has an outlet 130 closed by a rotary valve 132.
  • a liquid quenching medium 134 e.g., oil, partially fills the tank 116.
  • Molten metal substantially saturated with magnesium in the reactor is sprayed through the spout 112 into the shotting chamber 22.
  • the molten metal tends to form droplets of generally spherical configuration which are then solidified into shot or pellets 136 as they pass through the liquid quenching medium 134.
  • Periodically a portion of the pellets 136 and liquid quenching medium 134 are withdrawn through the outlet 130 and valve 132.
  • the pellets and liquid may be separated and the liquid quenching medium returned to the tank 116 via conduit 138, pump 140 and tube 122.
  • the liquid quenching medium may pass through a heat exchanger (not shown) or filter (not shown) so as to maintain conditions of constant temperature and quenching medium quality within the shotting chamber 22.
  • the shotting chamber 22 is pressurized in order to inhibit the vaporization of the magnesium droplets present in the ferro-magnesium melt, it becomes possible, alternatively, to introduce magnesium into the stream of liquid metal within the shotting chamber as a supplement to the magnesium introduced in the reactor or, in some instances, in place of the magnesium introduced in the reactor.
  • the efficiency and uniformity of the magnesium addition may be lower under these circumstances since there is less time available for complete dissolution and mixing of the magnesium with the iron of the bath.
  • the shotting process can be performed continuously even though the pellets 136 and excess quenching medium are withdrawn periodically. Also, it is unnecessary that the pellets be of any particular size or precise configuration. Nevertheless, by appropriate design of the outlet of the spout 112, the droplets of molten metal formed thereby will tend to be uniform in size and this will, in turn, promote uniformity in the size of the ultimate pellets. Of greater import is the fact that composition of the pellets will be substantially uniform as a result of the continuous operation of the reactor.
  • shotting is accomplished by directing a stream of molten ferro-magnesium into a pressurized chamber containing a quenching medium.
  • shotting techniques may also be employed.
  • a jet of inert gas may be directed into a stream of liquid ferro-magnesium, preferably from below the stream, to atomize the stream into droplets whereby fine pellets are formed.
  • a mechanical device such as a paddle or impeller to mechanically break up the stream of liquid ferro-magnesium and direct the droplets into a quenching medium.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates in schematic form the casting of bars or billets of ferro-magnesium in a continuous casting machine. Liquid ferro-magnesium may be directed from the reactor 16 into the inlet 142 of a pressurized tundish 144. The outlet 146 communicates through a hot metal valve 148 with a water-cooled continuous casting mold 150 of conventional design.
  • the continuous casting mold 150 is sized to produce the desired cross sectional shape of the cast bar or billet 152 and may be of the single or multiple strand type as desired.
  • the bar or billet 152 may be withdrawn from the mold 150 by appropriate pinch rolls 154. Intermediate the mold 150 and the pinch rolls 154 there may be positioned appropriate spray cooling devices 155.
  • the process of the present invention may be used to produce nodular iron directly. Since the amount of retained magnesium required to produce nodular iron (e.g., 0.05%) is less than the solubility level of magnesium in iron (i.e., about 0.10%) the ferro-magnesium product as direct nodular iron may be withdrawn from the reactor and cast into ingots or end-products at ambient pressure. In this form of the invention, the efficiency in the use of the magnesium is high since little, if any, magnesium is lost as a vapor.

Claims (16)

1. Procédé de production d'une composition métallique comprenant un produit fondu contenant au moins deux constituants métalliques dont un a une température de fusion qui dépasse la température d'ébullition de l'autre à la pression atmosphérique, ledit procédé étant caractérisé par la formation d'un produit fondu liquide dudit premier constituant, un corps liquide ayant une profondeur au moins suffisante pour produire une pression statique supérieure à la pression de vapeur dudit autre constituant à la température du produit fondu, l'introduction dudit premier constituant sous forme d'un produit fondu liquide à une pression statique en excès de la pression de vapeur dudit autre constituant' dans une chambre, le dosage d'une alimentation dudit autre constituant à un taux prédéterminé dans ladite chambre, la retenue dudit premier et dudit autre constituant dans ladite chambre pour former un mélange desdits constituants où au moins une partie dudit autre constituant est en solution avec ledit premier constituant, et le retrait dudit mélange de ladite chambre à un taux et une pression garantissant une non volatilisation dudit autre constituant.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ledit mélange est solidifié après retrait à une pression statique supérieure à la pression de vapeur dudit constituant et à une allure suffisante pour retenir une partie de l'autre constituant rejeté dudit mélange pendant son refroidissement sous forme d'une dispersion de petites particules dans une matrice dudit premier constituant.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit premier constituant comprend un produit fondu de matériau ferreux et ledit autre constituant comprend du magnésium, du sodium, du strontium, du lithium ou du calcium.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que ledit premier constituant comprend un produit fondu d'une composition de fonte et ledit autre constituant est un agent de nodulisation qui réagit directement dans ladite chambre avec ladite composition de fonte pour former du fer noduleux direct qui, quand il est retiré de ladite chambre, est coulé en produits finis à la pression ambiante.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit agent de nodulisation est du magnésium et en ce que ladite composition de fonte contient 3,4 à 4,0 % de carbone, 2,0 à 2,8 silicium, le reste étant sensiblement du fer et des impuretés accidentelles.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en magnésium retenu dans le fer noduleux est comprise entre 0.02 et 0.07 %.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier constituant comprend un produit fondu d'un métal ferreux et ledit autre matériau comprend un agent de désulfurisation.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit produit fondu d'un matériau ferreux réagit dans ladite chambre avec ledit agent de désulfurisation pour former des scories contenant un sulfure avant retrait de ladite chambre.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit agent de désulfurisation comprend du magnésium et en ce que la quantité pondérale de magnésium introduit dans la chambre est égale à au moins 75 % de la quantité pondérale du soufre que l'on souhaite retirer du produit fondu ferreux.
10. Dispositif pour la production d'une composition métallique solide contenant au moins deux constituants métalliques où la température de fusion de l'un des constituants dépasse la température d'ébullition de l'autre constituant à la pression atmosphérique, le dispositif ayant un four à extrèmitè ouverte pour amener un produit fondu de l'un des constituants, une chambre de réaction et un moyen pour amener l'autre constituant fondu dans la chambre de réaction, caractérisé en ce que le four (10) a un canal (26) pour produire une pression statique maintenant le produit fondu dans la chambre (16) et une extrémité du moyen pour amener l'autre constituant fondu (18) qui est à l'intérieur de la chambre de réaction (16) à une partie extrême qui est opposée à l'extrémité de sortie de la chambre.
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par un moyen (20, 22, 24) adapté à solidifier rapidement ladite composition métallique communiquant avec ladite chambre de réaction (16) à son extrémité de sortie.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen adapté à solidifier rapidement ladite composition métallique comprend une coquille (20), une chambre de grenaillage (22) ou une machine à couler en continu (24).
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que ladite chambre de réaction (16) comprend un moyen chauffant (68).
14. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'un tube de congélation (64) communiquant avec la région supérieure de ladite chambre de réaction (16) est prévu pour purger l'air qui peut être contenu dans ladite chambre de réaction (16) au début d'une durée d'utilisation.
15. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que des moyens dirigeant le courant (58) sont prévus dans ladite chambre de réaction (16) pour diriger l'écoulement dudit premier constituant vers le bas puis vers le haut à proximité de l'extrémité de sortie dudit moyen pour amener l'autre constituant fondu (18), ainsi l'écoulement combiné dudit premier et dudit autre constituant sera empêché de retourner à travers le moyen dirigeant le courant dans ledit four (10).
16. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen pour amener l'autre constituant fondu comprend un orifice d'entrée (156) dans ladite chambre de réaction (16) et des cylindres preneurs (162) adaptés à amener ledit autre constituant sous forme solide à travers ledit orifice dans ladite chambre de réaction (16).
EP19790300491 1979-03-27 1979-03-27 Procédé et installation pour produire des compositions métalliques consistant en au moins deux constituants dont l'un a une température de fusion excédant la température d'ébullition de l'autre constituant Expired EP0016273B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19790300491 EP0016273B1 (fr) 1979-03-27 1979-03-27 Procédé et installation pour produire des compositions métalliques consistant en au moins deux constituants dont l'un a une température de fusion excédant la température d'ébullition de l'autre constituant
DE7979300491T DE2966152D1 (en) 1979-03-27 1979-03-27 Process and apparatus for the production of metallic compositions comprising at least two constituents, one constituent having a melting temperature exceeding the boiling temperature of the other

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19790300491 EP0016273B1 (fr) 1979-03-27 1979-03-27 Procédé et installation pour produire des compositions métalliques consistant en au moins deux constituants dont l'un a une température de fusion excédant la température d'ébullition de l'autre constituant

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EP0016273A1 EP0016273A1 (fr) 1980-10-01
EP0016273B1 true EP0016273B1 (fr) 1983-09-14

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4472197A (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-09-18 Elkem Metals Company Alloy and process for producing ductile and compacted graphite cast irons
US4396428A (en) * 1982-03-29 1983-08-02 Elkem Metals Company Processes for producing and casting ductile and compacted graphite cast irons
JPS59208030A (ja) * 1983-05-12 1984-11-26 Hirotoshi Taniguchi 金属溶湯の連続的処理方法及び装置
US4708737A (en) * 1986-08-25 1987-11-24 The Dow Chemical Company Injectable reagents for molten metals

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE309114C (fr) *
US2797994A (en) * 1952-04-28 1957-07-02 Gutehoffnungshuette Oberhausen Method and apparatus for treatment of iron materials in a liquid state
US2754201A (en) * 1952-10-27 1956-07-10 Int Nickel Co Process of alloying magnesium with cast iron
GB765423A (en) * 1954-03-06 1957-01-09 Mond Nickel Co Ltd Improvements in methods of and apparatus for the treatment of molten iron and steel
GB831781A (en) * 1956-03-29 1960-03-30 Jiri Cervasek A process for the manufacture of ductile cast iron
US3311467A (en) * 1963-07-16 1967-03-28 Inst Liteinogo Proizv Akademii Method of metal modification under pressure and arrangement to carry out same
DE6924877U (de) * 1969-06-20 1970-01-29 Rupert Dipl Ing Moser Vorrichtung zur herstellung von gusseisen mit kugelgraphit

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DE2966152D1 (en) 1983-10-20
EP0016273A1 (fr) 1980-10-01

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