EP2097972A1 - Systeme d'entrainement electronique pour un groupe d'un vehicule - Google Patents

Systeme d'entrainement electronique pour un groupe d'un vehicule

Info

Publication number
EP2097972A1
EP2097972A1 EP07847338A EP07847338A EP2097972A1 EP 2097972 A1 EP2097972 A1 EP 2097972A1 EP 07847338 A EP07847338 A EP 07847338A EP 07847338 A EP07847338 A EP 07847338A EP 2097972 A1 EP2097972 A1 EP 2097972A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive system
machine
bridge
vehicle
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07847338A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Elmar Dilger
Isidro Corral Patino
Roland Karrelmeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2097972A1 publication Critical patent/EP2097972A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/74—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors
    • H02P5/747—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors mechanically coupled by gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B60L2220/54—Windings for different functions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B60L2220/56—Structural details of electrical machines with switched windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B60L2220/58—Structural details of electrical machines with more than three phases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric drive system for an aggregate of a vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, with a vehicle electrical system, a controllable bridge arrangement and an electric machine.
  • the drive system according to the invention is used in particular for a fault-tolerant drive, for example as an electric power steering drive in motor vehicles. It is crucial that even with the occurrence of errors at least a limited operation is maintained, so that a very high level of security is given.
  • the electrical drive system according to the invention for an aggregate of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle has an on-board network system, a controllable bridge arrangement and an electrical machine, wherein the on-board network system has a plurality of redundant vehicle systems and the bridge arrangement a plurality of bridge circuits connected to the on-board network, each bridge circuit being connected to another on-board network, and wherein the electric machine is designed as a multi-phase multiple machine comprising a plurality of independent groups of polyphase windings, the groups being connected to the bridge circuits, each group being connected to a different bridge circuit. Due to the redundant vehicle electrical system, the redundant bridge circuits and the formation of the electrical machine as a multiple machine with multiple independent groups of polyphase windings extremely high reliability is realized.
  • the bridge arrangement has two bridge circuits.
  • the multiple machine is designed as a dual machine and has two groups of polyphase windings.
  • Each group is preferably formed in three phases. Alternatively, however, more or less than three phases may be provided.
  • the above-described redundancy in the on-board networks and in the bridge circuits can of course also be greater than two.
  • more or less than three phases can also be used, in particular an asynchronous machine with four phases.
  • the electrical machine is designed as an asynchronous machine.
  • the windings of each group of the electrical machine are preferably connected in star.
  • the star points of the groups are connected to centers of DC buses.
  • the respective DC bus is preferably between the associated electrical system and the associated bridge circuit.
  • Each star point is assigned a different center point.
  • controllable bridge arrangement is connected to a field-oriented control.
  • the controllable bridge circuit is controlled in particular by means of pulse width modulation.
  • the bridge arrangement has controllable electronic links, wherein each electronic link has at least two series-connected electrical switching elements, in particular transistors.
  • This is also a redundant power amplifier topology, that is,
  • Transistor shorts will have no effect on the system due to the series connection.
  • Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of an electric drive system and an associated, designed as a dual machine
  • FIGS. 3 to 9 diagrams
  • the vehicle 1 shows an electric drive system 1, which is used for driving an aggregate of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
  • the electric drive system 1 is used for driving an aggregate of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
  • the Drive system 1 has an electrical system 2 with two electrical systems B1 and B2.
  • the vehicle electrical systems B1 and B2 each have, among other things, a rechargeable battery.
  • the drive system 1 of Figure 1 further has a bridge arrangement 3, which has a bridge circuit 4 and a bridge circuit 5.
  • Each bridge circuit 4, 5 is formed in three phases, so that in each case three bridge branches 6 and three bridge branches 7 are provided.
  • In each of the bridge branches 6, 7 are two controllable electronic elements 8, wherein each electronic element 8 composed of two series-connected electronic switching elements 9.
  • the switching elements 9 are formed as transistors.
  • the two bridge circuits 4 and 5 are each connected via a DC bus 10, 10 'to the respectively associated electrical system B1 or B2.
  • a multiple machine 12 designed as a dual machine 11 is electrically connected to the bridge arrangement 3 with its windings U1, V1 and W1 or U2, V2 and W2.
  • the windings U1, V1 and W1 are connected between the electronic links 8 to the corresponding bridge branches 6 of the bridge circuit 4; Accordingly, the windings U2, V2 and W2 are connected to the respective bridge branches 7 of the bridge circuit 5.
  • the windings of the groups 13 and 14 are each connected in star, wherein the neutral point S1 is connected to a center 15 of the DC bus 10 and the neutral point S2 to a center 16 of the DC bus 10 '. Furthermore, the phase lines of the two groups 13 and 14 are connected via phase current detection elements to a field-oriented regulation 17 in connection with which the individual transistors of the respective bridge circuit 4, 5 are driven. In both DC buses 10 and 10 'each have two support capacitors 18 and 19 connected to the center 15 and 16, respectively.
  • the dual-structure multiple machine 12 has two groups 13, 14 of three phases.
  • this dual machine 11 is wound only in one layer. In each groove, only two strands of equal phase are routed to prevent interphase shorts in the length of the machine. Within each group 13, 14, the dual machine 11 has eight turns per phase. With this design, the machine achieves a high degree of safety, as required, for example, when used as a steer-by-wire actuator.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in detail again the design of the bridge branches 6 and 7 of the two bridge circuits 4 and 5, respectively.
  • each electronic element 8 is composed of two switching elements 9 connected in series.
  • Each switching element 9 is designed as a transistor which is connected to a freewheeling diode 20.
  • a steer-by-wire actuator designed as an electric motor dual machine 11 must be position-controlled, in particular by means of field-oriented control. If two phases fail, the machine can continue to operate.
  • the following derivation clarifies this, wherein the electric machine is exemplified as a dual three-phase asynchronous machine. Since the dual machine can be considered as two groups 13, 14 of three-phase machines, there are two possibilities for the failure of two phases:
  • Option 1 The two failed phases belong to different phase groups (groups 13, 14).
  • each phase group is considered in isolation.
  • the new angles to which the remaining current phasors are to be directed can be deduced from the separate consideration of each isolated group 13, 14, ie, from the interruption of one phase in a three-phase asynchronous machine, the angles of the remaining two phases per group become the dual Derived machine.
  • FIG. 4 shows on the left the current phasors for the dual machine. Group 13 is shifted 30 electrical degrees from group 14.
  • the MMF generated by these streams is:
  • FIG. 4 shows, on the right, the new angles which each phase group is to adapt, namely after the failure of one phase per group.
  • the respective angles can be derived as it was done for the general three-phase asynchronous machine. It is still missing to determine the modulus of the resulting phasors. This is derived below:
  • phase a1 and b2 fail, the generated MMF is valid for the following: To ensure a continuous Betheb, the MMF should be maintained equal:
  • Equation (21) shows that the modulus of the respective phasors after interruption of one phase per group is V3 of the original normal state module. This will lead to minimum current flooding through the statoric phases.
  • the two interrupted phases belong to the same phase group:
  • FIG. 5 shows the resulting current phasors of the dual asynchronous machine; left: normal condition; right: after interruption phases a1 and b1.
  • the current phasors in this case will have different modules to produce the same MMF as for the normal state. It should also be noted that the current will flow from the sum of the four remaining phases through the star point cable (variant 1). Now another variant is derived for which the current through the
  • FIG. 6 shows the resulting current phasors of the dual asynchronous machine for this variant. Left: Normal condition. Right: After interruption of phases a1 and b1 with optimized energy distribution in the machine.
  • the current is determined by the star point cable whose value is 1, 9924 of the modulus of a phase for the normal state.
  • Option 1 The two interrupted phases belong to different phase groups:
  • each phase group is considered in isolation, which leads exactly to the same results as in the dual machine
  • FIG. 7 shows the resulting current phasors before and after
  • Phase interruption for the proposed control strategy namely, Figure 7 shows the current phasors of the conventional six-phase asynchronous machine. Left: Normal condition; Right: After interruption of phases a1 and b1 with optimized energy distribution in the machine.
  • Figure 8 shows the results after the onset of the control strategy in the failure of two phases of the same group for the dual machine. After 0.2 seconds, the phases a1 and d are interrupted. The small
  • stator currents Lstat (A), the rotor speed W R (rad / s), the torque M d (Nm) and the current l s (A) through the neutral cable in the dual asynchronous machine after interruption of two phases of the same group and the zero current represented by the neutral point cable. Furthermore are still the rotor target speed ⁇ s (rad / s) and a load torque M L shown.
  • FIG. 10 shows the results of the method. All phases have the same module. The current through the neutral cable is 1, 9924 greater than that through one phase of the machine for the normal state.
  • FIG. 9 shows the stator currents lstat (A), the rotor speed W R (rad / s), the torque M d (Nm) and the current l s (A) through the star point cable in the dual ASM after interruption of two phases of the same group and the optimal energy distribution in the machine.
  • FIG. 10 once again shows the overall design of the system according to the invention with star point cables, wherein, with respect to FIG. 1, it is additionally indicated that the two star circuits of the dual three-phase asynchronous machine are arranged at an angle with respect to each other.
  • a rotary encoder 21 is still shown, which passes information about rotor position and rotor speed to the controller 17.
  • Figure 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the proposed system employing a H-bridge inverter.
  • FIG. 12 shows on the left side a dual six-phase asynchronous machine, the position of the magnetic axes being illustrated.
  • the angular offset is ⁇ / 6.
  • To the right is shown an illustration of a conventional six-phase asynchronous machine in which the magnetic axes are offset by ⁇ / 3.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the position of the magnetic axes of a four-phase asynchronous machine. Variants are shown on the left and in the middle when the machine is wound asymmetrically on a layer. Right shows symmetrical magnetic axes when the machine is wound on two layers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'entraînement électrique pour un groupe d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule à moteur, comportant un système de réseaux de bord, un système de ponts commandable et un moteur électrique. Selon l'invention, le système de réseaux de bord comporte plusieurs réseaux de bord redondants et le système de ponts comporte plusieurs circuits en pont connectés aux réseaux de bord. Chaque circuit en pont est connecté à un autre réseau de bord, et le moteur électrique est conçu en tant que moteur multiple polyphasé comportant plusieurs groupes indépendants d'enroulements polyphasés. Les groupes sont respectivement connectés aux circuits en pont et chaque groupe est connecté à un circuit en pont différent. L'invention concerne également un procédé d'utilisation d'un système d'entraînement électrique.
EP07847338A 2006-12-01 2007-11-26 Systeme d'entrainement electronique pour un groupe d'un vehicule Withdrawn EP2097972A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006056855A DE102006056855A1 (de) 2006-12-01 2006-12-01 Elektronisches Antriebssystem für ein Aggregat eines Fahrzeugs
PCT/EP2007/062803 WO2008065067A1 (fr) 2006-12-01 2007-11-26 Système d'entraînement électronique pour un groupe d'un véhicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2097972A1 true EP2097972A1 (fr) 2009-09-09

Family

ID=39032153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07847338A Withdrawn EP2097972A1 (fr) 2006-12-01 2007-11-26 Systeme d'entrainement electronique pour un groupe d'un vehicule

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2097972A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006056855A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008065067A1 (fr)

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DE102011085731A1 (de) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches System
GB201200803D0 (en) * 2012-01-18 2012-02-29 Rolls Royce Goodrich Engine Control Systems Ltd Fault tolerant electric drive system
DE102013205869B4 (de) 2013-04-03 2024-03-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fahrzeug mit einer mehrphasigen Maschine
DE102013205969B4 (de) 2013-04-04 2024-07-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fahrzeug mit einer elektrischen Maschine mit zwei Spannungslagen und Verfahren zum Betreiben dieser
DE102013213589A1 (de) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-15 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Steuergerät zur Betätigung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers und Kraftfahrzeugbordnetz
DE102013112525A1 (de) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 Zf Lenksysteme Gmbh Fehlertoleranter, redundanter Antrieb für ein Fahrzeug mit mehreren Teilantrieben
DE102014203568A1 (de) * 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrisches Antriebssystem
DE102014111184A1 (de) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Robert Bosch Automotive Steering Gmbh Elektrische Schaltungseinrichtung, insbesondere Wechselrichter, zur Erzeugung von Phasenspannungen für den Betrieb eines Elektromotors
DE102014113542A1 (de) * 2014-09-19 2016-03-24 Robert Bosch Automotive Steering Gmbh Elektrisches Antriebssystem
DE102015200226A1 (de) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motorvorrichtung
DE102015216007A1 (de) * 2015-08-21 2017-02-23 Lenze Drives Gmbh Antriebssystem
GB2544097B (en) * 2015-11-06 2017-11-15 J And M Ferranti Tech Ltd Electrical drive system
DE102015222266A1 (de) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-11 Robert Bosch Automotive Steering Gmbh Elektromechanischer Stellantrieb mit redundantem elektronischen Teilsystem
DE102016110919A1 (de) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Robert Bosch Automotive Steering Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Elektromotors in einem Fahrzeug
DE102016215762A1 (de) 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Antriebsanordnung
DE102018209475A1 (de) * 2018-06-13 2019-12-19 Mahle International Gmbh Elektromotorsystem
DE102018209471A1 (de) * 2018-06-13 2019-12-19 Mahle International Gmbh Elektromotorsystem

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JP4319324B2 (ja) * 2000-03-28 2009-08-26 株式会社デンソー 自動変速機のシフトレンジ切換装置
JP4496779B2 (ja) * 2004-01-09 2010-07-07 株式会社デンソー モータの制御装置
FR2866279B1 (fr) * 2004-02-18 2006-04-28 Vehicules Electr Soc D Systeme d'entrainement des roues motrices d'un vehicule automobile electrique, comprenant deux moteurs et deux batteries

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008065067A1 (fr) 2008-06-05
DE102006056855A1 (de) 2008-06-05

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