EP2097685A1 - Apparatus for generating process heat for a packaging arrangement - Google Patents

Apparatus for generating process heat for a packaging arrangement

Info

Publication number
EP2097685A1
EP2097685A1 EP07847001A EP07847001A EP2097685A1 EP 2097685 A1 EP2097685 A1 EP 2097685A1 EP 07847001 A EP07847001 A EP 07847001A EP 07847001 A EP07847001 A EP 07847001A EP 2097685 A1 EP2097685 A1 EP 2097685A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
temperature
solar system
heat storage
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07847001A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norbert Fleck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones AG filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP2097685A1 publication Critical patent/EP2097685A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/10—Liquid materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B53/00—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging
    • B65B53/02—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating process heat for a packaging device.
  • EP 1 705 242 describes the use of solar collectors for covering at least part of the heat energy consumption of a brewery plant, in particular for mashing, refining and / or wort boiling, but also for cleaning the plant or for operating a sorptive refrigeration plant.
  • the plant is operated with water as a heat transfer medium, which also serves as process water and is stored in a hot water heat storage. With this system, however, flow temperatures of up to 180 degrees Celsius are possible.
  • Packaging devices in particular in the form of the known shrinking devices, but have so far mostly electrically or occasionally heated with natural gas.
  • packaging devices in the form of shrinking devices For example, DE 35 16 609, DE 35 43 943, EP 1 288 129 or EP 678452 can be seen.
  • packaging plants for example when heating the air in shrinking equipment but must be operated at a much higher temperature than when heating process water or for heating purposes, and it is a stronger control of the temperature necessary, which so far when using no or limited controllable energy sources, as is the case with heat generation in solar or incineration plants, was considered impracticable.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to expand the scope of alternative energy produced.
  • alternative energies such as, for example, solar energy or combustion energy from renewable raw materials or the like, are suitable for generating process heat for a packaging device.
  • a particularly preferred field of application for the device according to the invention is the generation of heat for a Schrumpfanläge.
  • the range of application is increased by the use of a high-temperature heat accumulator.
  • phase change material is preferably used, which can be selectively selected according to the temperature to be provided.
  • a metal is preferably used, with bismuth being particularly suitable for shrinking plants.
  • salts whose melting point is in the appropriate temperature range, for example crystalline sodium hydroxide.
  • a heat transfer medium is preferably used, which differs from the process medium.
  • the heat transfer medium is preferably a heat transfer oil.
  • pressurized water is also considered.
  • a source of energy is preferably a solar system containing commercially available solar panels.
  • a parabolic collector is particularly suitable, which can reach the necessary temperatures, but also for example by
  • Vacuum tube collectors can be replaced or, for a two-stage operation, a vacuum tube collector can be followed.
  • Collectors with heliostat mirrors also allow a high temperature level.
  • the energy source may further contain a combustion system, especially for renewable materials, however, which can also be used as a single source of energy and is then preferably coupled to the described high-temperature heat storage.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device 1 for generating process heat.
  • the device 1 for generating process heat for a packaging device 2 in particular a Schrumpfanläge designed.
  • the Schrumpfanläge 2 is designed as a hot air continuous furnace (so-called. Shrink tunnel) through which objects, such as bottles, cans, boxes, loaded pallets or the like. Continuously move, the individually or in groups in a plastic shrink film or welded shrink labels should be provided.
  • Shrink tunnel hot air continuous furnace
  • the Schrumpfanläge any known system can be used.
  • the Schrumpfanläge works preferably with air nozzles through which heated air is blown against the shrink film.
  • the invention is also applicable to other packaging devices, working continuously or discontinuously, where heat is needed for a packaging process.
  • the heat required for packaging is supplied by an energy source 3, which provides its energy not limited or (limited) (not fast) controllable.
  • the power source 3 includes a solar system 4, which is equipped with conventional types of solar panels.
  • the solar system 4 operates in two stages, ie it contains at least one flat or (preferably) vacuum tube collector 4a may be part of a heating or domestic water heating device, for example, already exists or installed together with the device 1 ,
  • the solar system 4 further includes a collector 4b capable of supplying a higher temperature than the collectors 4a.
  • the collector 4b a parabolic trough collector.
  • the solar system 4 is used for direct or indirect (depending on the type of collector) heating a heat transfer medium, in particular a high-temperature heat transfer oil or pressurized water.
  • the heat transfer medium flows via a line 5 of the solar system, preferably via a pump Pl, in a high-temperature heat storage 7. Since experience shows that only part of the rated power is needed in the daily average, the heat storage 7 should store the excess heat for later retrieval.
  • the high-temperature heat storage 7 should be able to provide a temperature above 185 ° C, preferably above 200 ° C, about 300 ° C and most preferably in the range of 250 to 350 ° C, ie to provide a flow temperature that is sufficient to operate the packaging device used, for example, the shrinking plant 2.
  • the flow temperature must be adjusted to the conditions of the device 1 that the air at the outlet of the air nozzles has a temperature of 180 to 250 ° C, wherein the packaging film and / or the shrink label within a time window of nine is brought to a shrinking and softening temperature between 80 and 100 degrees Celsius to twelve seconds, so that the shrink film lays tightly around the objects to be packaged and possibly existing overlapping areas of the film are welded.
  • the heat storage 7, for example, a thermally insulated solid, z. B. one or more solid blocks of gray cast iron, be.
  • the heat accumulator 7 preferably contains a phase change material in which the solidification or melting energy is utilized.
  • the phase change material can be chosen so that even higher temperatures can be stored and when retrieving the stored temperature, the energy remains approximately constant until the completion of the phase change process.
  • phase change material in the heat storage 7 it is thus possible to provide a relatively high temperature and deliver it over a longer period of time constant.
  • Phase change materials are known in a variety of formations in temperature ranges.
  • metals with a low or average melting point are particularly suitable;
  • suitable storage media would be lead (327 ° C at 23J / g), cadmium (321 ° C at 56J / g), bismuth (271 ° C at 52.2J / g), tin (232 ° C at 59.6J / g), zinc (420 ° C at 111J / g) and alloys of these metals.
  • Bismuth is particularly preferred from the temperature range.
  • the heat accumulator 7 is heated by the heat transfer medium, i. the heat transfer oil, which is guided by the line 5 in a queue 6 through the heat accumulator 7, melted and gives its consumed during melting energy during solidification again. Since the heat transfer medium has no direct contact with the phase change material, the system is therefore closed, in principle, toxic phase materials can be used.
  • the heat transfer medium leaves the heat storage 7 via a line 8.
  • the energy source 3 continues to contain a conventional auxiliary heating.
  • Conventional auxiliary heating for example, is suitable for a combustion plant 9 with a boiler, which can also be operated without problems with alternative fuels (eg biomass, production waste, etc.).
  • the line 8 from the heat exchanger 7 enters the boiler of the incinerator 9, wherein the heat transfer medium (oil) in a line coil 10 through the in the boiler located heat transfer medium, usually water, is heated.
  • the heat transfer medium (oil) leaves the incinerator 9 via a line 11 in which in turn a pump P2 can be provided and then enters the packaging device 2, there to provide the necessary heat for the packaging, so for example to heat the air used for shrinking ,
  • the heat transfer medium is passed via a line 12 in the circuit back into the solar system 4 and heated there again.
  • the line 5 is connected to the line 8, bypassing the heat accumulator 7 through a line 13 which is integrated in the line 5 with a valve Vl, via a valve V2 leads and opens into the line 8 with a valve V3.
  • the combustion system 9 is bypassed by a line 14, which via the valve V2 with the line 13 and the valve V3 with the line 8, as well as via a further valve V4 with a line 15 and via the line 15 via a further valve V5 with the Line 10 upstream of the pump P2, is connected.
  • the line 12 is bypassing the solar system 4 via a line 16, the lines 14 and 13 and the valve V3 in a circuit connected to the incinerator 9.
  • the device 1 is to be operated in a wide variety of operating states, wherein the following paths can be switched: Operation without solar panels: energy supply via boiler
  • Heat storage tank 7 is being charged Solar system 3 ⁇ Vl ⁇ Pl ⁇ Heat storage 7 ⁇ V3 ⁇ Heating 9 ⁇ V5 ⁇ V4 ⁇ Solar system 3
  • Pl ⁇ Heat storage 7 In particular, when using a high-temperature heat accumulator 7 of the type described, and a combustion plant with boiler 9 without solar system for generating process heat for all applications can be used in which a high temperature is required. In climatically preferred areas, however, only a solar system can be provided, and also here by the use of high-temperature heat storage, the purpose is not limited to packaging equipment.

Abstract

A description is given of an apparatus (1) which is intended for generating process heat for a packaging arrangement (2) and can be operated using an energy source which can only be regulated to a limited extent, if at all. For this purpose, the apparatus contains a heat-transfer medium and a heat accumulator (7).

Description

Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme für eine Verpackungseinrichtung Device for generating process heat for a packaging device
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme für eine Verpackungseinrichtung.The invention relates to a device for generating process heat for a packaging device.
Energiekosten für das Betreiben von Anlagen sind ein nicht zu unterschätzender Kostenfaktor, der bei Verwendung fossiler Brennstoffe darüber hinaus auf lange Sicht nicht kalkuliert werden kann. Es sind deshalb bereits auf den verschiedensten Gebieten Anstrengungen unternommen worden, die benötigte Energie aus anderen, alternativen Quellen zu beziehen, wie beispielsweise aus einer Solaranlage oder einer Verbrennungsanlage für nachwachsende Rohstoffe. Bislang wurden diese Energiequellen jedoch nur dann eingesetzt, wenn es darum ging, Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, zu erwärmen. So beschreibt beispielsweise die EP 1 705 242 die Verwendung von Sonnenkollektoren zum Abdecken zumindest eines Teils des Wärmeenergieverbrauchs einer Brauereianlage, insbesondere zum Maischen, Läutern und/oder Würzekochen, aber auch zum Reinigen der Anlage oder zum Betreiben einer sorptiven Kälteanlage. Die Anlage wird mit Wasser als Wärmeträgermedium betrieben, das gleichzeitig als Prozesswasser dient und in einem Heißwasser-Wärmespeicher gespeichert wird. Mit dieser Anlage sind jedoch Vorlauftemperaturen von maximal 180 Grad Celsius möglich.Energy costs for operating plants are a cost factor that should not be underestimated and that can not be calculated in the long term if fossil fuels are used. Efforts have therefore already been made in various fields to obtain the required energy from other, alternative sources, such as, for example, from a solar system or a combustion plant for renewable raw materials. So far, however, these energy sources have been used only when it came to heat liquid, especially water. For example, EP 1 705 242 describes the use of solar collectors for covering at least part of the heat energy consumption of a brewery plant, in particular for mashing, refining and / or wort boiling, but also for cleaning the plant or for operating a sorptive refrigeration plant. The plant is operated with water as a heat transfer medium, which also serves as process water and is stored in a hot water heat storage. With this system, however, flow temperatures of up to 180 degrees Celsius are possible.
Verpackungseinrichtungen, insbesondere in Form der bekannten Schrumpfeinrichtungen, wurden jedoch bislang meist elektrisch bzw. vereinzelt auch mit Erdgas beheizt. Beispiele von Verpackungseinrichtungen in Form von Schrumpfeinrichtungen sind beispielsweise der DE 35 16 609, der DE 35 43 943, der EP 1 288 129 oder der EP 678452 zu entnehmen. In Verpackungsanlagen, beispielsweise beim Erwärmen der Luft in Schrumpfeinrichtungen muss jedoch mit einer weit höheren Temperatur gearbeitet werden als beim Erwärmen von Prozesswasser oder für Heizungszwecke, und es ist eine stärkere Kontrolle der Temperatur notwendig, was bisher bei Verwendung von nicht oder nur begrenzt regelbaren Energiequellen, wie dies bei einer Wärmeerzeugung in Solaroder Verbrennungsanlagen der Fall ist, als nicht praktikabel angesehen wurde.Packaging devices, in particular in the form of the known shrinking devices, but have so far mostly electrically or occasionally heated with natural gas. Examples of packaging devices in the form of shrinking devices For example, DE 35 16 609, DE 35 43 943, EP 1 288 129 or EP 678452 can be seen. In packaging plants, for example when heating the air in shrinking equipment but must be operated at a much higher temperature than when heating process water or for heating purposes, and it is a stronger control of the temperature necessary, which so far when using no or limited controllable energy sources, as is the case with heat generation in solar or incineration plants, was considered impracticable.
Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zu Grunde, den Einsatzbereich alternativ erzeugter Energie zu erweitern.The invention is therefore based on the object to expand the scope of alternative energy produced.
Erfindungsgemäß wurde festgestellt, dass sich alternative Energien, wie beispielsweise Sonnenenergie oder Verbrennungsenergie aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen oder dergleichen, doch zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme für eine Verpackungseinrichtung eignen.According to the invention, it has been found that alternative energies, such as, for example, solar energy or combustion energy from renewable raw materials or the like, are suitable for generating process heat for a packaging device.
Ein besonders bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist die Erzeugung der Wärme für eine Schrumpfanläge .A particularly preferred field of application for the device according to the invention is the generation of heat for a Schrumpfanläge.
Der Einsatzbereich wird erhöht durch die Verwendung eines Hochtemperatur-Wärmespeichers .The range of application is increased by the use of a high-temperature heat accumulator.
Zum Erreichen der erforderlichen hohen Temperaturen und um sicher zu stellen, dass die bereitgestelltenTo achieve the required high temperatures and to make sure that the provided
Vorlauftemperaturen im wesentlichen konstant gehalten werden können, wird bevorzugt ein Phasenwechselmaterial eingesetzt, das gezielt nach der bereitzustellenden Temperatur ausgewählt werden kann. Zum Bereitstellen höhere Temperaturen wird bevorzugt ein Metall eingesetzt, wobei sich für Schrumpfanlagen besonders Bismut eignet. Denkbar ist auch die Verwendung von Salzen, deren Schmelzpunkt im geeigneten Temperaturbereich liegt, z.B. kristallines Natriumhydroxid.Flow temperatures can be kept substantially constant, a phase change material is preferably used, which can be selectively selected according to the temperature to be provided. To provide higher temperatures, a metal is preferably used, with bismuth being particularly suitable for shrinking plants. Also conceivable is the use of salts whose melting point is in the appropriate temperature range, for example crystalline sodium hydroxide.
Zu Bereitstellung höhere Temperaturen wird bevorzugt ein Wärmeträgermedium eingesetzt, das sich vom Prozessmedium unterscheidet. Das Wärmeträgermedium ist bevorzugt ein Wärmeträgeröl. Alternativ ist auch Druckwasser in Betracht ziehbar.To provide higher temperatures, a heat transfer medium is preferably used, which differs from the process medium. The heat transfer medium is preferably a heat transfer oil. Alternatively, pressurized water is also considered.
Als Energiequelle dient bevorzugt eine Solaranlage, die handelsübliche Sonnenkollektoren enthält. Zum Erreichen höhere Temperaturen eignet sich besonders ein Parabolkollektor, der die notwendigen Temperaturen erreichen kann, jedoch auch beispielsweise durchAs a source of energy is preferably a solar system containing commercially available solar panels. To achieve higher temperatures, a parabolic collector is particularly suitable, which can reach the necessary temperatures, but also for example by
Vakuumröhrenkollektoren ersetzt werden kann oder, für einen zweistufigen Betrieb, einem Vakuumröhrenkollektor nachgeschaltet werden kann. Kollektoren mit Heliostatenspiegeln ermöglichen ebenfalls ein hohes Temperaturniveau .Vacuum tube collectors can be replaced or, for a two-stage operation, a vacuum tube collector can be followed. Collectors with heliostat mirrors also allow a high temperature level.
Zum Überbrücken von Zeiten fehlender oder geringer Sonneneinstrahlung, kann die Energiequelle weiterhin eine Verbrennungsanlage insbesondere für nachwachsende Rohrstoffe enthalten, die jedoch auch als einzige Energiequelle eingesetzt werden kann und dann bevorzugt mit dem beschriebenen Hochtemperatur-Wärmespeicher gekoppelt wird.To bridge times of lack of or low solar radiation, the energy source may further contain a combustion system, especially for renewable materials, however, which can also be used as a single source of energy and is then preferably coupled to the described high-temperature heat storage.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der einzigen Fig. 1 beschrieben, die in schematischer Darstellung eine Vorrichtung 1 zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme zeigt. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Vorrichtung 1 zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme für eine Verpackungseinrichtung 2, insbesondere eine Schrumpfanläge, ausgelegt. Die Schrumpfanläge 2 ist als Heißluft-Durchlaufofen (sog. Schrumpftunnel) ausgebildet, durch den sich nicht dargestellte Gegenstände, z.B. Flaschen, Dosen, Kartons, beladene Paletten oder dgl. kontinuierlich bewegen, die einzeln oder gruppenweise in eine Kunststoff-Schrumpffolie eingeschweißt oder mit Schrumpfetiketten versehen werden sollen. Als Schrumpfanläge kann jede bekannte Anlage eingesetzt werden. Die Schrumpfanläge arbeitet bevorzugt mit Luftdüsen, durch die erwärmte Luft gegen die Schrumpffolie geblasen wird. Die Erfindung ist jedoch auch bei anderen Verpackungseinrichtungen, kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich arbeitend, einzusetzen, bei denen Wärme für einen Verpackungsprozess benötigt wird.The invention will be described below with reference to the single FIG. 1, which shows a schematic representation of a device 1 for generating process heat. In the illustrated embodiment, the device 1 for generating process heat for a packaging device 2, in particular a Schrumpfanläge designed. The Schrumpfanläge 2 is designed as a hot air continuous furnace (so-called. Shrink tunnel) through which objects, such as bottles, cans, boxes, loaded pallets or the like. Continuously move, the individually or in groups in a plastic shrink film or welded shrink labels should be provided. As Schrumpfanläge any known system can be used. The Schrumpfanläge works preferably with air nozzles through which heated air is blown against the shrink film. However, the invention is also applicable to other packaging devices, working continuously or discontinuously, where heat is needed for a packaging process.
Die zum Verpacken notwendige Wärme wird von einer Energiequelle 3 geliefert, die ihre Energie nicht oder nur begrenzt (nicht schnell) regelbar bereitstellt. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel enthält die Energiequelle 3 eine Solaranlage 4, die mit herkömmlichen Sonnenkollektorarten bestückt ist. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel arbeitet die Solaranlage 4 zwei-stufig, d.h. sie enthält wenigstens einen Flach- oder (bevorzugt) Vakuum-Röhren-Kollektor 4a der beispielsweise Teil einer Heizungs- oder Brauchwassererwärmungseinrichtung sein kann, die bereits besteht oder zusammen mit der Vorrichtung 1 installiert wird. Die Solaranlage 4 enthält jedoch weiterhin einen Kollektor 4b der in der Lage ist, eine höhere Temperatur als die Kollektoren 4a zu liefern. Bevorzugt ist der Kollektor 4b, ein Parabolrinnenkollektor . Die Solaranlage 4 dient zum direkten oder indirekten (je nach Typ des Kollektors) Erwärmen eines Wärmeträgermediums, insbesondere eines hoch temperaturfesten Wärmeträgeröls oder Druckwasser. Das Wärmeträgermedium fließt über eine Leitung 5 von der Solaranlage, bevorzugt über eine Pumpe Pl, in einen Hochtemperatur-Wärmespeicher 7. Da erfahrungsgemäß im Tagesmittel nur ein Teil der Nennleistung benötigt wird, sollte der Wärmespeicher 7 die anfallende Überschusswärme für einen späteren Abruf speichern. Der Hochtemperatur- Wärmespeicher 7 sollte in der Lage sein, eine Temperatur oberhalb von 185° Celsius, bevorzugt oberhalb von 200° Celsius, etwa 300° Celsius und insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von 250 bis 350° Celsius, zu liefern, d.h. eine Vorlauftemperatur zu liefern, die ausreicht, die eingesetzte Verpackungseinrichtung, beispielsweise die Schrumpfanlage 2 zu betreiben. Zum Betreiben der Schrumpfanläge 2 mit Luftdüsen muss die Vorlauftemperatur so auf die Gegebenheiten der Vorrichtung 1 abgestimmt werden, dass die Luft am Austritt der Luftdüsen eine Temperatur von 180 bis 250° Celsius hat, wobei die Verpackungsfolie und/oder das Schrumpfetikett innerhalb eines Zeitfensters von neun bis zwölf Sekunden auf eine Schrumpf- und Erweichungs-Temperatur zwischen 80 und 100 Grad Celsius gebracht wird, so dass sich die Schrumpffolie eng um die zu verpackenden Gegenstände legt und ggf. vorhandene Überlappungsbereiche der Folie verschweißt werden.The heat required for packaging is supplied by an energy source 3, which provides its energy not limited or (limited) (not fast) controllable. In the illustrated embodiment, the power source 3 includes a solar system 4, which is equipped with conventional types of solar panels. In the illustrated embodiment, the solar system 4 operates in two stages, ie it contains at least one flat or (preferably) vacuum tube collector 4a may be part of a heating or domestic water heating device, for example, already exists or installed together with the device 1 , However, the solar system 4 further includes a collector 4b capable of supplying a higher temperature than the collectors 4a. Preferably, the collector 4b, a parabolic trough collector. The solar system 4 is used for direct or indirect (depending on the type of collector) heating a heat transfer medium, in particular a high-temperature heat transfer oil or pressurized water. The heat transfer medium flows via a line 5 of the solar system, preferably via a pump Pl, in a high-temperature heat storage 7. Since experience shows that only part of the rated power is needed in the daily average, the heat storage 7 should store the excess heat for later retrieval. The high-temperature heat storage 7 should be able to provide a temperature above 185 ° C, preferably above 200 ° C, about 300 ° C and most preferably in the range of 250 to 350 ° C, ie to provide a flow temperature that is sufficient to operate the packaging device used, for example, the shrinking plant 2. To operate the Schrumpfanläge 2 with air nozzles, the flow temperature must be adjusted to the conditions of the device 1 that the air at the outlet of the air nozzles has a temperature of 180 to 250 ° C, wherein the packaging film and / or the shrink label within a time window of nine is brought to a shrinking and softening temperature between 80 and 100 degrees Celsius to twelve seconds, so that the shrink film lays tightly around the objects to be packaged and possibly existing overlapping areas of the film are welded.
Der Wärmespeicher 7 kann beispielsweise ein wärmegedämmter Festkörper, z. B. ein oder mehrere massive Blöcke aus Grauguss, sein. Bevorzugt enthält der Wärmespeicher 7 jedoch ein Phasenwechselmaterial bei dem die Erstarrungs-/ bzw. Schmelzenergie ausgenutzt wird. Das Phasenwechselmaterial kann so gewählt werden, dass auch höhere Temperaturen gespeichert werden können und bei Abruf der gespeicherten Temperatur die Energie jeweils bis zum Abschluss des Phasenwechselvorgangs annähernd konstant bleibt. Durch die Verwendung von Phasenwechselmaterial im Wärmespeicher 7 ist es somit möglich, eine relativ hohe Temperatur bereit zu stellen und diese über einen längeren Zeitraum konstant abzugeben. Phasenwechselmaterialen sind in den unterschiedlichsten Ausbildungen in Temperaturbereichen bekannt. Für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 zum Bereitstellen von Schrumpfwärme kommen besonders Metalle mit niedrigem bzw. mittlerem Schmelzpunkt in Frage; so wären geeignete Speichermedien beispielsweise Blei (327° Celsius bei 23J/g) , Kadmium (321° Celsius bei 56J/g) , Bismut (271° Celsius bei 52,2J/g), Zinn (232° Celsius bei 59,6J/g), Zink (420° Celsius bei lllJ/g) und Legierungen aus diesen Metallen. Vom Temperaturbereich her besonders bevorzugt ist Bismut .The heat storage 7, for example, a thermally insulated solid, z. B. one or more solid blocks of gray cast iron, be. However, the heat accumulator 7 preferably contains a phase change material in which the solidification or melting energy is utilized. The phase change material can be chosen so that even higher temperatures can be stored and when retrieving the stored temperature, the energy remains approximately constant until the completion of the phase change process. By the Using phase change material in the heat storage 7, it is thus possible to provide a relatively high temperature and deliver it over a longer period of time constant. Phase change materials are known in a variety of formations in temperature ranges. For the device 1 according to the invention for providing heat of shrinkage, metals with a low or average melting point are particularly suitable; For example, suitable storage media would be lead (327 ° C at 23J / g), cadmium (321 ° C at 56J / g), bismuth (271 ° C at 52.2J / g), tin (232 ° C at 59.6J / g), zinc (420 ° C at 111J / g) and alloys of these metals. Bismuth is particularly preferred from the temperature range.
Der Wärmespeicher 7 wird durch das Wärmeträgermedium, d.h. das Wärmeträgeröl, das von der Leitung 5 in einer Schlange 6 durch den Wärmespeicher 7 geführt wird, aufgeschmolzen und gibt seine beim Aufschmelzen verbrauchte Energie während des Erstarrens wieder ab. Da das Wärmeträgermedium keinen direkten Kontakt mit dem Phasenwechselmaterial hat, das System demnach geschlossen ist, können in Prinzip auch toxische Phasenmaterialen eingesetzt werden.The heat accumulator 7 is heated by the heat transfer medium, i. the heat transfer oil, which is guided by the line 5 in a queue 6 through the heat accumulator 7, melted and gives its consumed during melting energy during solidification again. Since the heat transfer medium has no direct contact with the phase change material, the system is therefore closed, in principle, toxic phase materials can be used.
Das Wärmeträgermedium verlässt den Wärmespeicher 7 über eine Leitung 8. Für Schlechtwetterperioden und den Produktionsstart vor Sonnenaufgang enthält die Energiequelle 3 weiterhin eine konventionelle Zuheizung. Als konventionell Zuheizung eignet sich beispielsweise eine Verbrennungsanlage 9 mit einem Kessel, die problemlos auch mit alternativen Brennstoffen (z. B. Biomasse, Produktionsabfälle, usw.) betrieben werden kann. Die Leitung 8 vom Wärmetauscher 7 tritt in den Kessel der Verbrennungsanlage 9 ein, wobei das Wärmeträgermedium (Öl) in einer Leitungsschlange 10 durch das sich im Kessel befindliche Wärmeträgermedium, meist Wasser, erwärmt wird. Das Wärmeträgermedium (Öl) verlässt die Verbrennungsanlage 9 über eine Leitung 11 in der wiederum eine Pumpe P2 vorgesehen werden kann und tritt dann in die Verpackungseinrichtung 2 ein, um dort die für die Verpackung notwendige Wärme bereitzustellen, also beispielsweise die zum Schrumpfen verwendete Luft zu erwärmen.The heat transfer medium leaves the heat storage 7 via a line 8. For bad weather periods and the production start before sunrise, the energy source 3 continues to contain a conventional auxiliary heating. Conventional auxiliary heating, for example, is suitable for a combustion plant 9 with a boiler, which can also be operated without problems with alternative fuels (eg biomass, production waste, etc.). The line 8 from the heat exchanger 7 enters the boiler of the incinerator 9, wherein the heat transfer medium (oil) in a line coil 10 through the in the boiler located heat transfer medium, usually water, is heated. The heat transfer medium (oil) leaves the incinerator 9 via a line 11 in which in turn a pump P2 can be provided and then enters the packaging device 2, there to provide the necessary heat for the packaging, so for example to heat the air used for shrinking ,
Nach der Verpackungseinrichtung 2 wird das Wärmeträgermedium über eine Leitung 12 im Kreislauf zurück in die Solaranlage 4 geleitet und dort wiederum aufgeheizt.After the packaging device 2, the heat transfer medium is passed via a line 12 in the circuit back into the solar system 4 and heated there again.
Für einen möglichst flexiblen Betriebsablauf der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 sind eine Mehrzahl von Umgehungs- oder Unterkreisläufe vorgesehen. So wird beispielsweise die Leitung 5 mit der Leitung 8 unter Umgehung des Wärmespeichers 7 durch eine Leitung 13 verbunden, die in der Leitung 5 mit einem Ventil Vl eingebunden ist, über ein Ventil V2 führt und in die Leitung 8 mit einem Ventil V3 einmündet. Die Verbrennungsanlage 9 wird durch eine Leitung 14 umgangen, die über das Ventil V2 mit der Leitung 13 und das Ventil V3 mit der Leitung 8, sowie über ein weiteres Ventil V4 mit einer Leitung 15 und über die Leitung 15 über ein weiteres Ventil V5 mit der Leitung 10 stromaufwärts der Pumpe P2, verbunden ist.For a most flexible operation of the device 1 according to the invention, a plurality of bypass or sub-circuits are provided. Thus, for example, the line 5 is connected to the line 8, bypassing the heat accumulator 7 through a line 13 which is integrated in the line 5 with a valve Vl, via a valve V2 leads and opens into the line 8 with a valve V3. The combustion system 9 is bypassed by a line 14, which via the valve V2 with the line 13 and the valve V3 with the line 8, as well as via a further valve V4 with a line 15 and via the line 15 via a further valve V5 with the Line 10 upstream of the pump P2, is connected.
Um auch einen Betrieb ohne die Solaranlage 4 sicherzustellen, ist die Leitung 12 unter Umgehung der Solaranlage 4 über eine Leitung 16, die Leitungen 14 und 13 und das Ventil V3 in einem Kreislauf mit der Verbrennungsanlage 9 verbunden.In order to ensure operation without the solar system 4, the line 12 is bypassing the solar system 4 via a line 16, the lines 14 and 13 and the valve V3 in a circuit connected to the incinerator 9.
Durch die beschriebene Ausgestaltung ist die Vorrichtung 1 in den unterschiedlichsten Betriebszuständen zu betreiben, wobei die folgenden Pfade geschaltet werden können: Betrieb ohne Sonnenkollektoren: Energiezufuhr über KesselAs a result of the embodiment described, the device 1 is to be operated in a wide variety of operating states, wherein the following paths can be switched: Operation without solar panels: energy supply via boiler
Pfad 1 („Heizung EIN"):Path 1 ("Heating ON"):
Zuheizung 9 → V5 → P2 → Schrumpfanlage 2 → V4 → V2→ V3 →Heating 9 → V5 → P2 → Shrink plant 2 → V4 → V2 → V3 →
Zuheizung 9Heating 9
Pfad 2 („Heizung AUS") : Überschusswärme in den Wärmespeicher 7Path 2 ("Heating OFF"): Excess heat in the heat storage 7
Zuheizung 9 → V5 → V4 → V2 → Vl → Pl → Wärmespeicher 7 → V3 → Zuheizung 9Heating 9 → V5 → V4 → V2 → Vl → P1 → Heat storage 7 → V3 → Heating 9
Solarbetrieb mit Zuheizung:Solar operation with additional heating:
Energiezufuhr über Zuheizung und SonnenkollektorenPower supply via additional heating and solar panels
Pfad 1 („Heizung EIN") :Path 1 ("Heating ON"):
Solaranlage 3 → Vl → V2 → V3 → Zuheizung 9 → V5 → P2 →Solar system 3 → Vl → V2 → V3 → Heating 9 → V5 → P2 →
Schrumpftunnel 2 → Solaranlage 3Shrink tunnel 2 → Solar system 3
Pfad 2 („Heizung AUS"): Wärmespeicher 7 wird geladen. Solaranlage 3 → Vl → Pl → Wärmespeicher 7 → V3 → Zuheizung 9 → V5 → V4 → Solaranlage 3Path 2 ("Heating OFF"): Heat storage tank 7 is being charged Solar system 3 → Vl → Pl → Heat storage 7 → V3 → Heating 9 → V5 → V4 → Solar system 3
Solarbetrieb ohne Zuheizung: Energiezufuhr über SonnenkollektorenSolar operation without auxiliary heating: energy supply via solar panels
Pfad Ia („Heizung EIN") : (bei kaltem Wärmespeicher) Solaranlage 3 → Vl → V2 → V4 → V5 → P2 → Schrumpfanläge → Solaranlage 3Path Ia ("Heating ON"): (with cold heat storage) Solar system 3 → Vl → V2 → V4 → V5 → P2 → Shrinking systems → Solar system 3
Pfad Ib („Heizung EIN"): mit vorgeheiztem Wärmespeicher zur TemperaturstabilisierungPath Ib ("Heating ON"): with pre-heated heat storage for temperature stabilization
Solaranlage 3 → Vl → Pl → Wärmespeicher 7 → V3 → V2 → V4 → V5 →P2 → Solaranlage 3 → Schrumpfanlage 3Solar system 3 → Vl → Pl → Heat accumulator 7 → V3 → V2 → V4 → V5 → P2 → Solar system 3 → Shrink plant 3
Pfad 2 („Heizung AUS") : Wärmespeicher wird geladen Solaranlage 3 → Vl → Pl → Wärmespeicher 7 → V3 → V2 → V4 -+ Solaranlage 3Path 2 ("Heating OFF"): Heat storage is being charged Solar system 3 → Vl → Pl → Heat storage 7 → V3 → V2 → V4 + Solar system 3
4. Wärmespeicherbetrieb:4. heat storage operation:
Energiezufuhr über Wärmespeicher (und Zuheizung)Energy supply via heat storage (and auxiliary heating)
Pfad 1 („Heizung EIN"):Path 1 ("Heating ON"):
Wärmespeicher 7 → V3 → Zuheizung 9 → V5 → P2 →Heat storage 7 → V3 → heating 9 → V5 → P2 →
Schrumpfanlage 7 → V4 → V2 → Vl → Pl -» Wärmespeicher 7Shrink plant 7 → V4 → V2 → Vl → Pl - »Heat storage 7
Pfad 2 („Heizung AUS") :Path 2 ("Heating OFF"):
Wärmespeicher 7 → V3 → Zuheizung 9 → V5 → V4 → V2 → VlHeat storage 7 → V3 → heating 9 → V5 → V4 → V2 → Vl
Pl → Wärmespeicher 7 Insbesondere bei Verwendung eines Hochtemperatur- Wärmespeichers 7 der beschriebenen Art, kann auch eine Verbrennungsanlage mit Kessel 9 ohne Solaranlage zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme für alle Einsatzzwecke verwendet werden, in denen eine hohe Temperatur erforderlich ist. In klimatisch bevorzugten Gebieten kann jedoch auch lediglich eine Solaranlage vorgesehen sein, wobei auch hier durch die Verwendung des Hochtemperatur-Wärmespeichers der Einsatzzweck nicht auf Verpackungseinrichtungen beschränkt ist. Pl → Heat storage 7 In particular, when using a high-temperature heat accumulator 7 of the type described, and a combustion plant with boiler 9 without solar system for generating process heat for all applications can be used in which a high temperature is required. In climatically preferred areas, however, only a solar system can be provided, and also here by the use of high-temperature heat storage, the purpose is not limited to packaging equipment.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung (1) zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme für eine Verpackungseinrichtung (2), mit einer nicht oder nur begrenzt regelbaren Energiequelle (3), einem Wärmeträgermedium und einem Wärmespeicher (7).1. Device (1) for generating process heat for a packaging device (2), with a non or limited controllable energy source (3), a heat transfer medium and a heat storage (7).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verpackungseinrichtung (2) eine Schrumpfanläge enthält.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the packaging device (2) contains a Schrumpfanläge.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmespeicher (7) ein Hochtemperatur-Wärmespeicher ist .3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat accumulator (7) is a high-temperature heat storage.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hochtemperatur-Wärmespeicher ein Phasenwechselmaterial enthält.4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-temperature heat storage contains a phase change material.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmespeicher (7) ein Metall, insbesondere Bismut, enthält.5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat accumulator (7) contains a metal, in particular bismuth.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wärmeträgermedium ein Wärmeträgeröl oder Druckwasser ist.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat transfer medium is a heat transfer oil or pressurized water.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energiequelle (3) eine Solaranlage (4) enthält. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the energy source (3) contains a solar system (4).
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Solaranlage (4) einen Vakuumröhrenkollektor (4a) enthält.8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the solar system (4) includes a vacuum tube collector (4a).
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Solaranlage (4) einen Parabolkollektor (4b) enthält.9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the solar system (4) contains a parabolic collector (4b).
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Solaranlage (4) zweistufig ausgebildet ist.10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the solar system (4) is formed in two stages.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energiequelle (3) eine Verbrennungsanlage (9), insbesondere für nachwachsende Rohstoffe, enthält.11. Device according to one of the device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the energy source (3) contains a combustion plant (9), in particular for renewable raw materials.
12. Vorrichtung (1) zum Erzeugen von Prozesswärme, mit einer nicht oder nur begrenzt regelbaren Energiequelle (3), einem Wärmeträgermedium und einem Hochtemperatur- Wärmespeicher (7) zum Bereitstellen einer Temperatur von wenigstens 185°C, bevorzugt zwischen 250 und 3500C. 12. Device (1) for generating process heat, with a no or limited controllable energy source (3), a heat transfer medium and a high-temperature heat storage (7) for providing a temperature of at least 185 ° C, preferably between 250 and 350 0 C. ,
EP07847001A 2006-12-07 2007-12-05 Apparatus for generating process heat for a packaging arrangement Withdrawn EP2097685A1 (en)

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US8807130B2 (en) 2014-08-19

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