Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H10/00—Improving gripping of ice-bound or other slippery traffic surfaces, e.g. using gritting or thawing materials ; Roadside storage of gritting or solid thawing materials; Permanently installed devices for applying gritting or thawing materials; Mobile apparatus specially adapted for treating wintry roads by applying liquid, semi-liquid or granular materials
  • E01H10/007—Mobile apparatus specially adapted for preparing or applying liquid or semi-liquid thawing material or spreading granular material on wintry roads
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
  • E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
  • E01C19/20—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders
  • E01C19/201—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders with driven loosening, discharging or spreading parts, e.g. power-driven, drive derived from road-wheels
  • E01C19/202—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders with driven loosening, discharging or spreading parts, e.g. power-driven, drive derived from road-wheels solely rotating, e.g. discharging and spreading drums
  • E01C19/203—Centrifugal spreaders with substantially vertical axis
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
  • E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
  • E01C19/20—Apparatus for distributing, e.g. spreading, granular or pulverulent materials, e.g. sand, gravel, salt, dry binders
  • E01C2019/2055—Details not otherwise provided for
  • E01C2019/207—Feeding the distribution means

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a spreader for mounting on a host vehicle, comprising a spreader hopper stocker with a spreader, a liquid-storing liquid container with a liquid conveyor, a dispenser for moistened spreading material and a feeding device, which of the spreading material conveyor with dry spreading material and is fed by the liquid conveyor with liquid and the dispenser fed with moistened spreading material.
• the stocked in the scattering material reservoir dry spreader is typically moistened before application or during application. On the one hand, this should improve the adherence of the scattering substance to the road surface and in this way reduce the spreading of the scattering substance by wind or vortex. Furthermore, the moistening serves to accelerate and improve the thawing effect especially of discharged salt.
• the present invention seeks to provide a spreader of the type described, in its use, a particularly uniform scattering pattern can be achieved while maintaining the predetermined scattering parameters (scatter, spreading density, liquid content).
• the supply device has a Luftzuströmö réelle in a spreader of the generic type and within the feeder, a fan is arranged, which comprises a motor-driven impeller and generates a rectified to the flow of the feeder with scattering air flow.
• a fan is arranged, which comprises a motor-driven impeller and generates a rectified to the flow of the feeder with scattering air flow.
• the present invention it is thus a central feature that an air flow is actively generated in the feeder, namely using a blower intended for this purpose, wherein the air flow induced by the blower passes through the feeder in the direction in which the scattering substance (FIG. without the air flow generated by the blower) the supply of flows through guiding device.
• the feed device has an air inflow opening, through which the air drawn in by the blower enters the feed device.
• the dry spreading material and the liquid serving for its moistening are introduced into those airstreams. Through an outlet opening, the air flow, together with the moistened scattering material, leaves the feeding device in order to be applied to the dispensing device (spreading plate or the like).
• the liquid is not transferred into a gravity-slipping (FR 2661201 A1) or through a screw conveyor (FIG. EP 1491686 A2 and US Pat. No. 3,420,451), except for an air pore volume, a compact amount of litter is introduced, but rather into an air stream which carries the litter with it.
• the air flowing through the feeder typically still occupies significantly more than 50% of the volume of the feeder, even at the highest possible throughput of material throughput.
• the volume content of the scattering substance could be between about 10% and 40%, preferably between about 20% and 30%, whereby this proportion decreases correspondingly at a scattering substance throughput reduced compared to the maximum value (eg, well below 1%).
• the resulting decisive Advantages lie on the one hand in the possibility of optimum moistening of the scattering grains on their entire surface and on the other hand in the possibility of actively influencing the impact velocity of the moistened scattering material on the dispensing device by appropriate control of the speed of the air flow, in particular by setting an impact velocity , which is significantly above that which would result solely by a gravity-induced falling or slipping of the moistened scattering substance on the spreading plate.
• a first preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the impeller of the fan upstream of the liquid feed is arranged in the feeder.
• the impeller of the fan causes a turbulence of transported with the airflow scattering particles, which has a favorable effect on the subsequent uniform moistening of the scattering substance. Further, as compared with feeding the liquid upstream of the blower, the risk of wet spreading on the impeller of the blower is reduced.
• a rotating comminuting tool is arranged downstream of the impeller within the feed device.
• the comminution tool may have, together with the impeller, rotationally driven striking elements which may be designed, for example, as flat impact plates.
• the grain size of the scattering material particles is evened out, which contributes to an increased homogeneity of the scattering substance to be applied after its subsequent moistening.
• the comminution can in individual cases to a pulverization of the scattering material rich, the degree of achievable crushing not least on the volume content of the scattering substance in the air flow (see above) and is in an inverse relationship to this.
• the subsequent moistening of the scattering substance particles also has an advantageous effect on the previous comminution, in that it promotes the uniform wetting of the scattering material particles on their surface.
• the advantages set out above are particularly pronounced when the impact elements in Achsrich- tion are distributed over several levels, ie the crushing tool is made multi-level.
• the comminution tool is designed as a combined comminution and mixing tool in that the liquid is fed into the feed device upstream or in the area of the comminuting tool.
• An intimate contact between the (comminuted) scattering material particles and the liquid takes place on the rotating impact elements of the combined comminution and mixing tool, it also being possible for liquid droplets to be comminuted or atomized by the impact elements, which in turn has a positive effect on the uniform wetting the surface of the scattering particles shows.
• the impact elements of the comminuting tool are distributed in the axial direction over several levels, it is particularly favorable if the liquid feed into the feed device takes place downstream of the first striking elements in the throughflow direction. In this case, the first striking elements in the direction of flow serve primarily for the comminution of the not yet moistened scattering material particles, while the impact elements arranged downstream of the liquid feeding effect primarily the intimate wetting of the comminuted scattering material particles.
• stationary impact and / or guide elements projecting into the flow path are arranged inside the feed device, in particular downstream of the impeller.
• Such fixed baffle and / or Guide elements reduce the formation of a swirl flow within the feeder and act in this way against centrifugal force deposition of the (moistened) scattering particles from the air stream.
• the fixed baffle and / or guide elements are distributed in the axial direction over several levels. Are, in the sense described above, provided in the axial direction on several levels arranged rotating impact elements, so particularly preferably change the planes of the rotating impact elements and the planes of the fixed baffle and / or vanes in the flow direction.
• a further motor-driven impeller is provided downstream of the crushing tool or the combined crushing and mixing tool, which supports and amplifies the air flow caused by the fan.
• the feeding device of the spreader comprises a mixing housing in which the impeller and optionally the comminuting tool and the further impeller is / are accommodated, into which the scattering material supply and the liquid supply flow and to which an outlet pipe or an outlet hose is connected.
• the airflow generated by the blower together with the humidified and shredded spreading material transported in it, the mixing housing leaves through the outlet tube or the outlet hose. It is particularly advantageous if the outlet tube or the outlet tube is deformably and / or positionally connected to the mixing housing in order - to change the impingement point of the humidified spreading material transporting air flow on the dispensing device - with fixedly mounted mixing housing.
• the lower end of the outlet tube or outlet tube can be displaced relative to the dispensing device by means of an actuator. If a further impeller is provided in the sense described above, which supports and amplifies the air flow caused by the fan, then this is preferably arranged adjacent to a bottom of the mixing housing.
• liquid supply is advantageously carried out in a substantially vertically downwardly flowed through section of the feeder. In this way gravitational asymmetries in the mixing zone are avoided.
• FIG. 1 shows a side view of the rear area of a
• Fig. 2 is a perspective, partially cutaway view of the mixing device provided in the spreader apparatus of FIG. 1 together with the internals.
• the drawing is limited to the reproduction of the rear, lower portion of the spreader, because there manifests the invention and the spreader is otherwise constructed according to the well-known prior art, so that it requires neither a graphic representation, nor an explanation.
• the shown in the drawing only in the scope of the relevant here lower rear portion, designed to be mounted on a carrier vehicle and prepared spreader comprises a storage of dry scattering material (eg salt, grit, salt-grit mixture) serving silo-like scattering material reservoir 1 with a scattering material -Förder Road 2, which is presently designed as a belt conveyor whose rear, protruding from the litter storage tank end is covered with a housing 3.
• the spreader comprises a liquid container (not shown) which holds liquid (brine) and is provided with a liquid conveyor.
• the spreader has a dispenser 4 for moistened spreading material, which in the present case in the commonly used manner comprises a spreading plate 5, which is driven in rotation by a hydraulic motor 6 about a vertical axis.
• the dispensing device is suspended by means of the carrier 7 on the frame 8 of the spreader.
• a feed device 9 which is supplied with liquid by the spreading material conveying device 2 with dry scattering material and by the liquid conveying device and feeds the spreading device with moistened scattering substance.
• the feeder 9 comprises a vertically oriented cylindrical cylindrical mixing housing 10, which is suspended by two straps 11 on the frame 8 of the spreader and, for stiffening the structure, with two brackets 12 connected to the carrier 7 for the dispensing device, wherein the two brackets 12 and the handling when pivoting the entire unit from applicator 4 and feed 9 to facilitate a transport position.
• the supply means comprises a top connected to the mixing housing transition piece 13, which represents a transition from the wider, approximately rectangular outlet opening for the scattering material in the housing 3 of the belt conveyor to the round cross-section of the mixing housing 10. The mixing material supplied to the mixing housing 10 from the belt conveyor flows through the mixing housing in the vertical direction (arrow A) from top to bottom.
• a central shaft 14 is arranged, which is rotatably mounted in the bearing sleeve 16 connected to the bottom 15 of the mixing housing 10 and driven in rotation by a motor 17 connected to the bearing sleeve 16 (arrow B).
• a blower 18 is provided in the mixing housing 10, which comprises a mounted on the shaft 14 near the upper end of the impeller 19.
• the impeller 19, which rotates together with the shaft 14, generates a top-down air flow L in the feeder 9.
• the top opening of the transition piece 13 constitutes an air inflow opening through which air can enter the feeder, which, after having moved it Transition piece 13 and the mixing housing 10 has flowed through from top to bottom, the mixing housing 10 through the disposed at the bottom 15 outlet nozzle 20 again leaves.
• air inlet openings could be provided for example in the wall of the transition piece 13 and / or in the region of the transition from the transition piece 13 to the mixing housing 10.
• the air stream is added to the discarded by the belt conveyor dry scattering material.
• the fan 18 is followed by a rotary comminuting tool 21 in the flow direction of the feed device.
• This comprises a total of eight fixedly connected to the shaft 14, with this rotating impact elements 22, which are designed as flat, each in an axial plane projecting radially from the shaft 14, interchangeable attached to corresponding holders impact plates 23 and arranged in two mutually offset in the axial direction planes ,
• eight fixed baffle elements 24 are provided, which project from the wall of the mixing housing 10 inwardly into the flow path of the air flow L.
• the eight baffles 24 are arranged distributed two different axial planes, namely four of them as upper baffles 24 O between the blower 18 and the first in the flow direction, ie the upper impact plates 23 O and four more, offset with respect to the upper baffle elements in the circumferential direction, as a lower baffle elements 24 U between the upper impact plates 23 O and the lower impact plates 23 U.
• an inlet connection 25 for the supply of liquid into the interior of the mixing housing 10 is connected to the mixing housing.
• a nozzle is provided, which ensures atomization of the liquid introduced into the mixing housing.
• the (fast) rotating lower impact plates 23 U cause both an intimate mixing of scattering particles and liquid as well as a further comminution of the liquid droplets and the pre-shredded in the first, upper stage of the comminuting tool 21 scattering particles.
• a combined comminution and mixing tool is provided in the embodiment shown.
• another motor-driven impeller 26 is provided, which is also fixedly connected to the shaft 14 and thus rotates together with this.
• the impeller is designed so that it supports and amplifies the air flow L caused by the fan 18.
• the outlet nozzle 20 is in an outlet pipe 27 Ü over, which opens just above the spreading plate 5.
• the relative position of its mouth relative to the spreading plate is variable to influence the spreading pattern.
• an actuator 29 which acts on the lower end of the outlet pipe.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
• Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
• Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
• Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=39079622

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

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• 2006
  • 2006-11-23 DE DE102006055270A patent/DE102006055270A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
  • 2007-11-21 DE DE502007006269T patent/DE502007006269D1/de active Active
  • 2007-11-21 DK DK07846698.4T patent/DK2092124T3/da active
  • 2007-11-21 AT AT07846698T patent/ATE495309T1/de active
  • 2007-11-21 EP EP07846698A patent/EP2092124B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2007-11-21 WO PCT/EP2007/010057 patent/WO2008061714A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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