EP2085489A1 - Flüssigkeits-Mikrostrahlsystem - Google Patents

Flüssigkeits-Mikrostrahlsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2085489A1
EP2085489A1 EP08001981A EP08001981A EP2085489A1 EP 2085489 A1 EP2085489 A1 EP 2085489A1 EP 08001981 A EP08001981 A EP 08001981A EP 08001981 A EP08001981 A EP 08001981A EP 2085489 A1 EP2085489 A1 EP 2085489A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
plates
micro
micro channels
width
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08001981A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Miroslaw Plata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novaltec Sarl
Original Assignee
Novaltec Sarl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novaltec Sarl filed Critical Novaltec Sarl
Priority to EP08001981A priority Critical patent/EP2085489A1/de
Priority to EP09706761A priority patent/EP2247762A1/de
Priority to PCT/IB2009/050406 priority patent/WO2009095896A1/en
Priority to US12/735,592 priority patent/US20110005737A1/en
Publication of EP2085489A1 publication Critical patent/EP2085489A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F25D3/11—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0233—Spray nozzles, Nozzle headers; Spray systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and device for generating a plurality of fluid microjets.
  • a device with multiple fluid microjets is described in US 5,902,543 for cooling an article.
  • the device comprises a plurality of micro channels with diameters from 30 to 100 ⁇ m formed as grooves in annular plates that are stacked one against the other so as to form a plurality of micro channels between adjacent plates, the cooling liquid being supplied through a central opening of the circular plates. This allows a dense arrangement of very fine jets of cooling liquid to be projected onto the surface of the article to be cooled, resulting in a wellcontrolled and efficient cooling.
  • microjet cooling system has a high cooling efficiency compared to many other conventional systems
  • the pressure drop through the micro channels for creating the microjets is quite high and the desire to have essentially laminar flow limits the velocity of the microjet.
  • Manufacturing of the stacked circular plates with grooves is also quite costly.
  • fluid microjets may also be envisaged for applications that are not limited to cooling alone, such as for heating, degassing various liquids such as molten metals, cooling of combustion gases, and chemical reactions between the microjets and a medium onto which they are sprayed.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a device for generating a plurality of fluid microjets that is compact, and that has a high uniformity of treatment and a high efficiency in terms of contact between the fluid and an article or medium to be treated.
  • microjet cooling device that enables rapid freezing of articles, for example for cryogenic freezing of processed food.
  • a device for generating fluid microjets comprising a body portion with a fluid supply cavity therein and a plurality of fluid micro channels interconnecting the fluid supply cavity with an external outlet face or plurality of external outlet faces of the body portion, the body portion being formed from a plurality of stacked plates, said micro channels being formed at interfaces of at least certain of said stacked plates, wherein said micro channels have an oblong cross-sectional profile over a certain section leading to the outlet face that has an oblong shape with a major width that is greater than two times a minor width thereof, where the minor width is in the range of 1 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the oblong cross-sectional profile of the microjet improves efficiency of treatment of an article or medium with respect to the conventional microjets that have a cross-section approximately square or circular, the oblong microjet having a greater surface area for a given laminar or turbulent flow rate.
  • micro channels may advantageously be arranged such that their long axes are essentially parallel and essentially orthogonal to a direction of relative movement of an article or medium to be treated with respect to the device.
  • cross-section of micro channels at the outlet have a major width greater than three times the minor width, where the minor width is preferably less than 100 ⁇ m, more preferably less than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the distance between adjacent micro channels in a direction of stacking of the plates is preferably less than 10mm.
  • the distance between adjacent micro channels in the same plane is 0,5 to 10mm.
  • the density of micro channels in the device according to this invention may be greater than 4 micro channels per cm 2 , preferably more than 10 micro channels per cm 2 up to as many as 1000 micro channels per cm 2 .
  • the position of micro channels in adjacent plates may advantageously be offset in a direction orthogonal to the plate stacking direction thus giving a better surface coverage by the microjets of the article to be treated.
  • the micro channels may advantageously have a non-constant major width, the major width being larger towards the input side and narrower towards the outlet face. This advantageously allows the body portion to have the necessary mechanical integrity and good sealing between stacked plates, while reducing flow resistance and therefore the pressure drop across the micro channels.
  • the micro channels may advantageously be formed as slits in a first set of plates sandwiched between plates of a second set, central cavities of the second set of plates configured such that they overlap ends of the slits opposite the outlet end of the micro channel.
  • the first set of plates also comprise a central cavity for passage of the supply fluid therethrough, the cavity however being separated from ends of the slits by a certain width of material ensuring structural integrity of the first set of sheets.
  • the minor width of the micro channels may thus be determined by the thickness of plates of the first set, the width of the slits that are cut through the plate determining the major width of the micro channels, at least over a longer section thereof.
  • the slits through the plates of the first set may be cut by various known cutting techniques, such as by laser cutting, by means of a die, high-pressure water jet cutting, electro-erosion and other known manufacturing techniques for cutting through thin plates as well as etching.
  • the first set of plates may be made of the same material as the second set of plates, or of a different material whereby the combination of materials may be optimized for sealing effectiveness between the stacked faces, ease of cutting and forming the slits, and for cost reasons.
  • the plates of the first set may for example be made of a ceramic, metal or plastics material, depending on the application and the environmental temperatures whereas the plates of the second set could be made of steel or plastic or ceramics depending on the application and operating temperature range.
  • Plates of the second set may have smooth surfaces, for example polished surfaces with a low roughness thus reducing flow resistance in a fairly economical manner.
  • the density of microjets can also be easily varied by varying the thickness of the plates of the second set, without affecting the micro channel geometry or the manufacturing process for the micro channels.
  • a fluid microjet device may advantageously be used for rapid freezing of food stuffs and other perishable goods, the fluid microjet device being installed in an apparatus having a supply of cryogenic liquid, in particular liquid nitrogen, that is injected by the microjets onto the article to be frozen.
  • the articles to be frozen may advantageously be transported on a mesh conveyor belt, fluid microjet devices being positioned either side of the conveyor belt such that jets of the cooling liquid are projected upon opposing sides of the article.
  • Fluid microjet devices according to the invention may also be used in many other cooling applications, such as for cooling of metal articles in material treatment processes (high precision extrusion quenching, sheet and plate uniform quenching, roll cooling, cooling of polymer extrusions).
  • a device for generating fluid microjets 7 comprises a body portion 4 comprising an outlet face 6 through which micro streams of fluid 7 are projected, a fluid supply cavity 8 within the body portion connected to fluid supply system (not shown), and a plurality of micro channels 10 in fluid communication between the fluid supply cavity 8 and the outlet face 6.
  • the body portion 4 comprises a stack of plates 12, 14 between which the micro channels 10 are formed.
  • the micro channels 10 are formed in plates 12 of a first set as slits that are cut through the entire thickness of said plates of the first set and plates 14 of a second set without slits are interposed therebetween.
  • the micro channels 10 are thus formed by the slits in the first set of plates 12 sandwiched between the plates 14 of the second set in an alternating manner.
  • the first plates 12 have openings 16 that form part of the boundary of the fluid supply cavity 8 in the body, the slits 10 extending from an outlet edge 18 that forms part of the body portion outlet face 6 to a closed end 20 that is separated at a certain distance R from an edge 22 of the opening 16, the distance between the end of the slit 20 and the edge 22 being sufficient to ensure mechanical integrity of the first plate 12 during handling and assembly between the second plates 14.
  • the second plates 14 also have openings 24 that form part of the fluid supply cavity 8, an edge 26 of the opening adjacent the outlet face 6 overlapping a portion 10a of the slits such that the closed ends 20 of the slits are in fluid communication with the cavity 8 as best seen in figure 2c , 4a and 4b .
  • the second plates 14 may be of a simple planar construction with smooth surfaces thus lowering flow resistance in the micro channels 10.
  • the slits 10 may be produced by various conventional techniques, such as laser cutting, water jet cutting, electro-erosion, die stamping, etching, or by means of circular saws, depending on the material of the first plate 12 and the channel dimensions.
  • the slit manufacturing method may also be chosen as a function of the surface smoothness of the micro channel and manufacturing costs.
  • the alternate sandwich construction of first and second plates with the micro channels formed by slits in one of the two plates provides a large versatility in the choices of materials and manufacturing techniques for the plates to optimize the performance and cost for various applications.
  • the plates 14 may for example be made of a high temperature stainless steel whereas the first plates 12 could also be made of steel, or a thin ceramic such as mica.
  • the first plates with slits 12 could be made out of a sheet of thin polymer or composite material.
  • the second plates 14 may be from various thicknesses, without affecting the manufacturing of the micro channels.
  • the stack of plates forming the body portion 4 may be held together sealingly by means of compression bolts 11 extending through bolt holes 13 in the body portion, clamping the stack of plates together.
  • the micro channels 10 may advantageously have non-constant width, with a large width W 1 towards the closed end 20 in order to increase the channel cross-section at the fluid inlet, the channel width reducing to a narrow section W 2 corresponding essentially to the desired micro stream cross-sectional profile at the outlet face 6.
  • the latter configuration reduces flow resistance and pressure drop through the micro channels without compromising on the structural integrity of the device and the sealing between adjacent plates.
  • the enlargened closed ends of the slits may be easily manufactured, for example by a die stamping etching or electro-erosion process.
  • the micro channels may have non-constant profiles 27 also at the outlet end for example to create a laval shaped channel for the creation of supersonic fluid jets.
  • the micro channels could alternatively be formed as grooves on the surface of plates that are stacked one on the other where a side of the plate opposite the grooves is stacked against the side with grooves of the adjacent plate.
  • Such plates could advantageously be made by injection moulding of a polymer or other injectable materials such as certain metal alloys, whereby the die imprinting the micro channels could be made by photo lithography and etching.
  • the injection moulding die with the micro channel profiles could be made out of silicon in a standard etching process. This would allow micro channels of particularly small and well controlled dimensions to be produced.
  • the injected micro channels could have non-constant profiles as discussed in relation to figures 4a and 4b above.
  • the micro channels advantageously have an oblong profile at or proximate the outlet face 6, defined by a minor width W min and a major width W maj where the major width is advantageously more than two times the value of the minor width.
  • the micro channels are configured preferably such that the major width W maj is defined by the narrow width W 2 of the slit 11 and the minor width is defined by the thickness of the first sheet 12. It is however possible to have a first plate thickness superior to the slit width W 2 such that the micro channel major width W maj is defined by the plate thickness and the slit width W 2 defines the minor width W min .
  • the micro channels in a first plane may be offset in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of the plates, which may advantageously correspond to a direction of relative movement between the fluid microjet device and an article to be treated such that the oblong micro streams have a better impact coverage across the surface to be treated.
  • a plurality of successive micro stream layers may be offset by a distance Os with respect to a first layer depending on the major width and spacing S (see figure 3 ) between micro streams and the cooling efficiency required.
  • an apparatus for cryogenic freezing of articles comprises a conveyor system 30 for conveying the articles through the apparatus, and one or more fluid micro stream devices 2 arranged along the conveyor system and configured to project micro streams on the articles as they are transported along the conveyor system.
  • the conveyor system may comprise a conveyor belt that is preferably in the form of a mesh or grill in order to allow projection of micro streams from above and below the articles for more efficient and rapid all round cooling of the articles.
  • Other conveyor systems may however be used, depending also on the articles to be cooled.
  • fluid microjet devices are placed on opposite sides of the conveyor belt 32, across the width of the conveyor belt and project micro streams of fluid on top and bottom sides of the articles 34 to be cooled.
  • a plurality of fluid micro stream devices can be arranged along the conveyor belt as shown in figure 3 .
  • the cooling fluid supplied to the devices is advantageously liquid nitrogen although other very low temperature cooling liquids could be used, such as liquid helium.
  • the very rapid and efficient cooling provided by the micro streams enables minimum use of cooling fluid and moreover the velocity of micro streams may be easily varied with a direct effect on the rate of cooling.
  • the micro streams velocity may be reduced, by reducing pressure in the supply cavity towards the end of the cooling cycle.
  • the most downstream fluid microjet device 2c may for instance have a lower supply pressure of cooling liquid than the most upstream device 2a.
  • the invention may advantageously be used in various applications not limited to cooling, such as for heating, degassing various liquids such as molten metals, cooling of combustion gases, and chemical reactions between the microjets and a medium onto which they are sprayed.
  • the device for generating fluid microjets is supplied with liquid metal as the fluid for generating fluid microjets and the device is immersed in a reaction medium, in particular a reaction gas.
  • the device for generating fluid microjets is immersed in the liquid metal and a degassing medium, such as an inert gas such as Argon, is supplied as the fluid for generating fluid microjets and injected into the liquid metal.
  • a degassing medium such as an inert gas such as Argon
  • Example 3 Heating, degassing and chemical reactions on liquid metals.
  • liquid metal for example aluminium
  • the ambient gas around the streams interacts with the liquid metal microjets.
  • the gas may be used to heat the liquid metal, or to interact with it chemically, or for degassing.
  • the liquid metal is thus supplied as the fluid for generating fluid microjets and the device immersed in a reaction medium, in particular a reaction gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP08001981A 2008-02-02 2008-02-02 Flüssigkeits-Mikrostrahlsystem Withdrawn EP2085489A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08001981A EP2085489A1 (de) 2008-02-02 2008-02-02 Flüssigkeits-Mikrostrahlsystem
EP09706761A EP2247762A1 (de) 2008-02-02 2009-02-02 Fluidmikrostrahlsystem
PCT/IB2009/050406 WO2009095896A1 (en) 2008-02-02 2009-02-02 Fluid microjet system
US12/735,592 US20110005737A1 (en) 2008-02-02 2009-02-02 Fluid microjet system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08001981A EP2085489A1 (de) 2008-02-02 2008-02-02 Flüssigkeits-Mikrostrahlsystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2085489A1 true EP2085489A1 (de) 2009-08-05

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ID=39523541

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08001981A Withdrawn EP2085489A1 (de) 2008-02-02 2008-02-02 Flüssigkeits-Mikrostrahlsystem
EP09706761A Withdrawn EP2247762A1 (de) 2008-02-02 2009-02-02 Fluidmikrostrahlsystem

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09706761A Withdrawn EP2247762A1 (de) 2008-02-02 2009-02-02 Fluidmikrostrahlsystem

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20110005737A1 (de)
EP (2) EP2085489A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009095896A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108319745A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-24 中国水利水电科学研究院 渠道非恒定流计算方法及装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP3067652B1 (de) 2015-03-11 2019-11-13 Politechnika Gdanska Wärmetauscher und wärmetauschverfahren
CN108883048A (zh) 2016-02-04 2018-11-23 阿拉斯廷护肤公司 用于侵入性和非侵入性程序性护肤的组合物和方法
CN107155284B (zh) * 2017-06-15 2023-06-16 华南理工大学 一种基于射流微通道混合散热板
CN111182914A (zh) 2017-08-03 2020-05-19 阿拉斯廷护肤公司 用于改善皮肤松弛和身体轮廓的组合物和方法
CN107763942A (zh) * 2017-12-01 2018-03-06 上海海洋大学 一种冲击式速冻机圆形射流喷嘴结构
CN107821910A (zh) * 2017-12-01 2018-03-23 上海海洋大学 一种细长条漏斗状射流喷嘴结构
WO2020028694A1 (en) 2018-08-02 2020-02-06 ALASTIN Skincare, Inc. Liposomal compositions and methods of use

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GB1279366A (en) * 1970-01-20 1972-06-28 Koninklijke Hoogovens En Staal A cooling system for cooling metal strip
US4210288A (en) * 1977-02-07 1980-07-01 Davy-Loewy Limited Cooling apparatus
US4565325A (en) * 1982-04-23 1986-01-21 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Water cooling apparatus for metal sheets and belts
US4750331A (en) * 1985-10-02 1988-06-14 L'air Liquide Process for the surface cooling of food products
US5902543A (en) 1996-11-01 1999-05-11 Alusuisse Technology & Management Ltd. Process and device for cooling an article
US20020134866A1 (en) * 1999-06-17 2002-09-26 Rieter Perfojet Device for treating sheet materials using pressurized water jets
US20060186229A1 (en) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-24 Cotler Elliot M Fluid jet nozzle

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GB1279366A (en) * 1970-01-20 1972-06-28 Koninklijke Hoogovens En Staal A cooling system for cooling metal strip
US4210288A (en) * 1977-02-07 1980-07-01 Davy-Loewy Limited Cooling apparatus
US4565325A (en) * 1982-04-23 1986-01-21 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Water cooling apparatus for metal sheets and belts
US4750331A (en) * 1985-10-02 1988-06-14 L'air Liquide Process for the surface cooling of food products
US5902543A (en) 1996-11-01 1999-05-11 Alusuisse Technology & Management Ltd. Process and device for cooling an article
US20020134866A1 (en) * 1999-06-17 2002-09-26 Rieter Perfojet Device for treating sheet materials using pressurized water jets
US20060186229A1 (en) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-24 Cotler Elliot M Fluid jet nozzle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108319745A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-07-24 中国水利水电科学研究院 渠道非恒定流计算方法及装置
CN108319745B (zh) * 2017-12-18 2020-12-08 中国水利水电科学研究院 渠道非恒定流计算方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2247762A1 (de) 2010-11-10
US20110005737A1 (en) 2011-01-13
WO2009095896A1 (en) 2009-08-06

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