EP2085188B1 - Spreading pliers - Google Patents

Abstract

The pliers (1) have a transmitting mechanism for transmitting actuating force of a user applied at hand levers (2, 3) to actuating forces at expanding jaws (4, 5). Another transmitting mechanism is interconnected between the jaws and expanding elements (8, 9) for converting a pivoting movement of the jaws into a translatory movement of the expanding elements in a direction of an expanding axis (43) or a parallel movement of the expanding elements. The expanding elements are movably guided together by direct support in the direction of the axis and are rotatably supported around the axis.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a pair of pliers, which is used for establishing a connection for a conduit, such as a pipeline, in which a pipe is connected with a suitable fitting with another pipe or a connecting piece. Furthermore, the invention relates to a new use of pliers.

STATE OF THE ART

Are known compounds for lines in which two actuating surfaces of components of the compound are pressed toward one another for the preparation of the compound. Via conical or wedge-like active surfaces of the connection, the axial movement of the components thus produced can be converted to one another into a plastic deformation of at least one component of the connection. Said plastic deformation can be used to bring about a radial compression of the components of the connection, which should be created as a rule a firm and tight connection.

Such a compound is in DE 36 17 529 A1 described. The system described here as the prior art serves for the non-detachable connection of metallic pipes. Here, two pipe ends are connected either directly by inserting a pipe end into a flared portion of the other pipe end or by using a coupling piece, such as a sleeve, in which the ends of the pipes to be joined are inserted. In both cases, the connection process, which is based on an elastic and possibly also plastic deformation of the telescoped tube parts is caused by a clamping ring causes the desired deformation of the enclosed by the clamping ring pipe sections by axial displacement in an intended end position.

EP 1 055 488 B1 describes as prior art, an axial pressing technique in which a press fitting is used, which is formed in two parts with a support sleeve and a pressure sleeve. To connect pipe ends together, a pipe end is first expanded before the press fitting can be inserted into the expanded pipe end. This expansion process is considered to be costly because this process means an additional step. The pressure sleeve is pressed by means of the device axially up to a stop of the press fitting. In another described axial pressing technique known from the prior art, a press ring and a crimp ring are slipped over the tube. A support sleeve is inserted into the pipe. The press ring is pressed by means of the device axially over the crimp ring to the stop on the support sleeve. In this technique, a prior expansion of the tube is not necessary.

Out DE 28 51 282 C2 a connection is known with two interlocking locking rings slidably mounted on a sleeve of the connection. With the axial movement of the sleeves produced by pressing on actuating surfaces of the sleeve toward each other due to a doppelkonischen shaping of the tube ends and the sleeve is a radial compression of sleeve, pipe ends and locking rings.

According to DE 93 07 957 U1 a connection of two pipe ends by pushing the pipe ends from opposite sides to a metallic sleeve until the pipe ends come to rest against a flange. In a subsequent operation metallic sliding sleeves are pressed one after the other in the direction of the flanges, wherein conical inner surfaces of the sliding sleeves press the tube ends radially inwardly onto the sleeve.

A current connection can be found on the Internet site www.schell-armaturen.de/deutsch/downloads/pex_bosch.pdf. Such a connection is used, for example, for installations in the sanitary and heating sector. The sanitary pipe used may be a pipe made of high molecular weight polyethylene. For the preparation of the compound, a tube is first cut burr-free and at right angles by means of a cutting scissors. On the cut pipe a sliding sleeve is attached. With a special one Expansion tool, which is inserted into the mouth of the tube, a circular expanded tube cross-section is generated. A fitting is inserted into the widened pipe cross-section until one end of the pipe end comes into contact with a stop of the fitting. Finally, the sliding sleeve is pressed axially in the direction of the stop, for which purpose an electro-operated pressing tool is used.

Another example of a metallic sealing press connection can be found on the Internet site www.mapress.de/geberit and is distributed under the designation MapressMAM. Such a connection is used for industrial applications in which high demands in terms of pressure, pressure change, temperature and corrosion are made to the created connection. For permanent connection, a stainless steel ring is pushed onto an externally conical end of a fitting. Pipe, fitting and ring are pressed axially together. The produced compound does not require an additional sealing element. The components used can consist of high-alloyed stainless steel. In this case, five defined pressing zones can be used inside the fitting for producing a permanently sealed connection.

For the axial movement of components of a connection suggests each other DE 44 46 503 C1 a pressure-medium-operated pressing tool before.

The apparatus required for generating the axial movement can be reduced by using a hand-operated tool. DE 93 07 957 U1 discloses a pressing tongs, in which hand lever can be pivoted about a common hinge pin to each other. The projecting over the hinge pin ends of the hand lever are each pivotally connected to the main body jaws, in which grooves are arranged transversely to the pressing direction, can be inserted into the equipped with T-shaped sliding blocks different pressing jaws and locked here. The pressing jaws are U-shaped with an opening whose width corresponds approximately to the diameter of the pipe ends to be connected, the sleeve or the sliding sleeve. The pressing jaws embrace from the outside actuating surfaces which are associated with a flange of the sleeve and an outer end face of the sliding sleeve. With a pivoting of the hand lever to each other and the pressing jaw main body with the pressing jaws to be pivoted toward each other, which is accompanied by a relative movement between the voltage applied to the pressing jaws flange and the voltage applied to the other pressing jaw sliding sleeve. Due to the articulated connection of the end portion of the hand lever with the pressing jaw main bodies, the pressing jaws are held parallel to one another in the course of the axial movement, so that surface contact between the pressing jaws and the actuating surfaces, here the flange and the sliding sleeve, is ensured. A substantially of the embodiment according to DE 93 07 957 U1 corresponding embodiment DE 28 51 282 refer to.

DE 196 21 877 C2 discloses a manual crimping tool for pressing sliding sleeves on pipe connection fittings. The hand press tool can be referred to as a "pistol-like" in a first approximation, with a clevis with an actuating surface for the connection is fixedly disposed in the mouth region of the "barrel of the gun", while a second clevis with a second actuating surface axially displaceable to the "barrel of the gun "is stored. The second clevis can be moved to the other clevis via a movable hand lever, which approximately corresponds to the "trigger of the gun", wherein the movable hand lever actuates an eccentric with a feed pawl, which in a clevis, opposite the "run" By repeatedly pressing the hand lever and ratchet-type drive connection between the feed pawl and the guide sleeve, the press stroke for which the connection between the actuation surfaces is pressed can be achieved with several partial pressure strokes or diameters.

Another hand-operated pressing tongs, for example DE 36 17 529 A1 disclosed.

DE 93 07 957 U1 describes a pressing tongs, in which hand lever X-shaped pivotally connected to each other via a bolt. The workpiece-facing end portions of the hand lever are pivotally connected to basic bodies, which have U-shaped receptacles can be pressed on the sliding sleeves with pivoting the hand lever to each other. The U-shaped recordings are interchangeable held over T-slots in the bodies. For parallel guidance of the U-shaped recordings on the pressing movement, a hinge mechanism is used, in which the main body are articulated in each case with an end portion on a hand lever and are pulled by a spring against a pin which is fixed to the other hand lever. DE 28 51 282 C2 shows a basically corresponding in construction pressing tool, but without T-shaped grooves for the exchangeable holding of the receptacles relative to the base body. Another corresponding embodiment is made DE 36 17 529 C2 known.

DE 20 2004 008 603 U1 discloses a circlip pliers for clamping and loosening circlips according to DIN 471/472. In this circlip pliers form the two hand lever in the closed state together in rough approximation, an H with far upwardly shifted transverse leg and articulated connection in the middle of the transverse leg. The workpiece-facing end portions of the hand levers are hingedly connected to end portions of jaws which form an X at approximately central articulated connection. For open hand levers, contact tips of the circlip jaws have a minimum clearance with approximately parallel orientation of the contact tips. With a closing movement of the hand lever, the contact tips move away from each other, the contact tips being oriented at an angle larger than each other.

DE 196 21 877 C2 discloses a hand-operated crimping pliers with a "gun-like" design for pressing sliding sleeves onto pipe connection fittings. In simple terms, the "trigger" of the "gun" is designed as a movable hand lever, while the "handle" of the "gun" is designed as a fixed hand lever.Stable, but replaceable is mounted opposite the "barrel" of the gun, a front clevis, while a With the interposition of an eccentric drive and a ratchet connection a repeated closing movement of the hand lever is converted into a pressing movement of the rear sliding bearing head on the front bearing head.

DE 102 43 707 B3 relates to a non-generic pressing tongs for pressing pipe joints, in which not two fittings are moved axially, but takes place a radial compression of a fitting with a pipe.

In relatively complex, multi-part construction of the hand lever disclosed DE 10 2006 022 999 A1 a spreading forceps according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the hand lever are basically connected in an X-shaped hinged together. At the end portions facing the workpiece supporting body for U-shaped receptacles are articulated. In order to keep the U-shaped receptacles during the spreading movement with the closing of the hand lever in parallel alignment, the support body have transverse to the expansion axis oriented pin with a parallel to the expansion axis oriented transverse bore, in which a the transverse bores of both support body slidably passing guide rod is arranged.

EP 0 598 173 B1 describes a machine-operated pressing tool. The pressing tool has in accordance with a driven by a drill spindle drive translationally relative to each other slidable stop plates with radially outer U-shaped receptacles. In order to workpieces, pipes here, to work with different diameters, the stop plates have U-shaped recesses with different opening widths. The stop plates are rotatably mounted about the press axis.

EP 1 055 488 B1 discloses a pistol-type pressing tool with electro-hydraulic drive. With a generated hydraulic pressure, a movable pressing member is translationally moved relative to a stationary pressing member with associated receptacles for a workpiece via a carriage.

JP 2000 117 665 A discloses a pressing tongs with an L-shaped hand lever. Compared to the short transverse leg of the L another hand lever is pivotally mounted. The L-shaped hand lever carries a fixed receptacle for a workpiece, while another recording is slidably guided in the pressing direction relative to the transverse leg of the L. The pivotally mounted hand lever forms at least over a partial circumference coaxial with the pivot axis arranged gear, which meshes with a linear toothing of the translationally displaceable recording, so that the pivoting of the hand lever has a displacement of the recording result.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention has for its object to propose a new pliers and a new use of pliers, which allows a more variable use of the pliers.

SOLUTION

The object of the invention is achieved with a pair of pliers having the features of independent claim 1. Further embodiments of a pliers according to the invention will become apparent according to the features of the dependent claims 2 to 11.

Another solution to the problem underlying the invention is given by the use of such a pair of pliers according to claim 12.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

• radial nach innen auf ein Bauelement der Verbindung einwirken und dieses radial komprimieren oder
• eine axiale Bewegung der zwei Betätigungsflächen der Verbindung aufeinander zu herbeiführen.

According to the invention, the pliers are not equipped with pressing jaws, the

• act radially inwardly on a component of the compound and this radially compress or
• cause axial movement of the two actuating surfaces of the connection to each other.

Rather, the forceps according to the invention has two spreading jaws, by means of which a spreading movement is brought about in one working stroke of the forceps. This means that with a closing movement of the hand lever of the pliers, the change in the distance between the spreading jaws and actuating surfaces thereof is an increase in the distance. With this enlargement, according to the invention, a plastic deformation of at least one component of the connection can be brought about, which is accompanied by a radial compression of the connection.

To generate the necessary spreading forces the pliers is equipped with a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism transmits operating forces of a user, who applies this on the hand lever, on the expanding jaws, wherein a translation of the actuating forces takes place, so that on the one hand acting on the expanding jaws spreading forces are greater than the actuating forces and on the other hand, a way that cover the hand lever, is greater than the Spreizweg the spreader jaws. For example, by employing the transmission mechanism with common forces of one hand (or two hands) of the user, spreading forces in the range of 10,000, 20,000, 30,000, 40,000, 50,000, 60,000 or even 70,000 Newton or more can be produced.

Any of a variety of different transmission mechanisms known in the art may be used for the forceps, some of which are disclosed in the applicant's copending references, which are recited in the present application. As a particularly effective transmission mechanism has the Use of a toggle mechanism exposed, for which the required expansion forces with a low operating kinematics can be achieved with a low component cost. It is also possible to use several toggle mechanisms in the pliers.

According to the invention spreading elements are provided, which interact with the components of the compound in operative connection. These are connected via a second transmission mechanism with the expansion jaws. In this case, the second transmission mechanism converts the pivoting movement of the expanding jaws into a (largely) translational movement of the spreading elements in the direction of a spreading axis. This embodiment is based on the finding that the pivoting of expansion jaws is connected to a curved movement of reference points of the expansion jaws. A rigid coupling of actuating surfaces with the expanding jaws would have the consequence that the point of application of the actuating surfaces and / or their orientation would change during the spreading movement corresponding to the curved movement. For the second transmission mechanism any joints, joint drives, or kinematics can be used.

An improved guidance and alignment of the expansion elements results from the fact that the expansion elements are guided in the direction of the expansion axis displaceable to each other, wherein the expansion elements are supported directly against each other.

By a rotational degree of freedom of the expansion elements according to the invention can be changed relative to other components of the pliers by a rotation of the spreading of the location of the recording, whereby changed environmental conditions and tight installation conditions can be accommodated.

According to a further proposal of the invention, the structural design of said toggle mechanism is such that a knee of the toggle mechanism for open hand lever and closed spreader jaws forms a first knee angle, which increases with increasing closing movement of the hand lever until it reaches a second knee angle. This embodiment is based on the finding that during the spreading process, the increasing spreading movement of the expanding jaws is accompanied by increasing spreading forces. For example, at the beginning of the spreading movement, a pure axial spreading apart of the components of the connection takes place. In a subsequent expansion phase, a component is deformed in such a way that it radially for engagement with another component comes. In a further expansion phase is then caused by the spreading movement, a radial compression of several components. This recognition of the increase in the necessary spreading forces over the Spreizhub carries the invention with the said increase in knee angle bill, since with the increase in the knee angle, an increase in the translation of the actuating forces on the hand levers is connected to the expanding jaws. On the other hand, can be used by such a "automatically adjusted" ratio change a relatively small closing movement of the hand lever to bring about a relatively large spreading movement in the first partial stroke in which there is little or no radial compression. Thus, this partial lift can be overcome quickly and easily. Conversely, in the third partial stroke, in which a radial compression actually takes place, larger spreading forces are generated over longer distances, as a result of which the enlarged ratio makes sensitive operation possible. _

For a particular embodiment of the forceps according to the invention, the second knee angle is between 170 ° and 179 °, so that optimal large transmission ratios of the toggle mechanism can be used for reaching the second knee angle, ie towards the end of the Spreizhubes.

For a particular structural design of the forceps according to the invention this has a "fixed" designated pliers part, in which a first hand lever is rigidly connected to a first spreading jaw. This fixed pliers part serves on the one hand for the storage of a push rod. On the other hand, the second spreading jaw is mounted between the end regions relative to the fixed pliers part. A movable tong part is pivotally connected at one end portion with a hinge to an end portion of the second expansion jaw, while the other end portion of the movable tong portion forms the second hand lever. In addition, the movable pliers part between the hand lever and the end portion connected to the second expanding jaw is pivotally mounted relative to the push rod. In this way, a particularly simple but efficient pliers is formed, which causes a spreading movement of actuating surfaces with a closing movement of the hand lever.

For a particularly simple embodiment of the invention, the transmission mechanism (each for a spreading jaw) is designed as a joint.

Furthermore, the invention proposes that the spreading elements have at least one receptacle for a workpiece. If the spreading elements are replaceable, for example, connected to the spreading jaws, different spreading elements can be used with the same pliers to produce different connections. Thus, a set used by a craftsman set may have a pair of pliers with several different spreading elements. It is also possible that a spreading element includes several different shots. Also in this case can find several replaceable spreading elements, each with multiple recordings, use.

A multifunctional pliers result according to a further proposal of the invention, for which the spreading elements have a plurality of circumferentially distributed shots. Since the spreading elements are mounted rotatably about the spreading axis, a recording used can be brought by rotation of Spreizelements.in an operating position, so that all different, distributed over the circumference recordings can be brought into a single operating position.

It may be advantageous to another embodiment of the forceps according to the invention, in which a fixing device is provided. By means of the fixing device, the spreading elements can be fixed for a defined angle of rotation about the spreading axis, so that defined operating angles for the spreading elements are predetermined.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the aforementioned fixing device is formed with a spring-loaded latching device, a magnetic latching device or a locking device. A latching device in the sense of the present invention is understood to mean a device which specifies a stable position which generates return forces corresponding to deflecting forces from this position below a defined force level into the defined position, while the defined position can be left when the defined force level is exceeded. Only by way of example is pointed to an embodiment by means of a spring-loaded detent ball, which is received in a locking groove recording. Here, the detent behavior and the defined force level can be specified by the choice of the diameter of the detent ball and the cross-sectional geometry of the locking groove. As an exemplary alternative, the embodiment of the fixing device is cited with a magnetic latching device, in which the restoring forces are brought about by magnetic forces of the latching device and the defined force level is predetermined by the dimensioning of the permanent magnet.

For the purposes of the invention, a locking device is understood to mean a device which is positively locking and, without manual operation by the user, can only leave the defined position by plastic deformation or destruction of at least one component of the locking device.

A particularly simple but effective such guide results when an expansion element has a recess or a sleeve in which an extension of the other expansion element is added. The connection between extension and recess or sleeve represents the guide for a relative movement in the direction of the expansion axis. In the event that extension and recess or inner bore of the sleeve are formed with a circular cross-section, the guide is only a guide along the expansion axis, while Twists of the expansion elements to each other about the expansion axis are possible. In the event that such a rotation should be avoided, it is advantageous to use a non-circular cross-section for the corresponding contours of extension and recess or inner bore of the sleeve.

The pliers according to the invention, by means of which a spreading movement of spreader jaws can be brought about by closing hand levers, is used in particular for producing a connection for a line, wherein two components of the connection are each supported (directly or indirectly) on a spreader jaw or a spreader element. With a closing movement of the hand lever of the pliers and a concomitant spreading movement of the expanding jaws, the connection is made under radial plastic deformation of at least one component of the connection.

Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the description and the drawings. The advantages of features and of combinations of several features mentioned in the introduction to the description are merely exemplary and can come into effect alternatively or cumulatively, without the advantages having to be achieved by embodiments according to the invention. Further features are the drawings - in particular the illustrated geometries and the relative dimensions of several components to each other and their relative arrangement and operative connection - refer. The combination of features of different embodiments of the invention or of features of different claims is also possible deviating from the chosen relationships of the claims and is hereby stimulated. This also relates to such features which are shown in separate drawings or are mentioned in their description. These features can also be combined with features of different claims. Likewise, in the claims listed features for further embodiments of the invention can be omitted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Zange für geöffnete Handhebel in einer Draufsicht.

Fig. 2

zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zange gemäß Fig: 1 für teilweise geschlossene Handhebel in einer Draufsicht.

Fig. 3

zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zange gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 für geschlossene Handhebel in einer Draufsicht.

Fig. 4

zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zange in einer Fig. 1 entsprechenden Draufsicht und Betriebsstellung, wobei zur Darstellung des Übertragungsmechanismus der Zange eine Tragplatte eines festen Zangenteils entfernt ist.

Fig. 5

zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Zange in einer Fig. 3 entsprechenden Draufsicht und Betriebsstellung, wobei zur Darstellung des Übertragungsmechanismus der Zange eine Tragplatte eines festen Zangenteils entfernt ist.

Fig. 6

zeigt ein erstes Spreizelement, welches einer ersten Spreizbacke für die dar- gestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Zange zugeordnet ist, in räumlicher Darstellung.

Fig. 7

zeigt ein zweites Spreizelement, welches einer zweiten Spreizbacke für die dar- gestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Zange zugeordnet ist, in räumlicher Darstellung.

Fig. 8

zeigt einen Lagerkörper eines Übertragungsmechanismus zwischen einer Spreiz- backe und einem Spreizelement in räumlicher Darstellung.

Fig. 9

zeigt eine Teileinheit der erfindungsgemäßen Zange mit zwei gegeneinander ge- führten Spreizelementen, welche in Lagerkörpern gelagert sind, in räumlicher Darstellung.

Fig. 10

zeigt eine Verbindung für eine Leitung, wobei die Verbindung über ein Spreizen von Betätigungsflächen mittels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zange radial verpresst werden kann.

In the following the invention will be further explained and described with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the figures.

Fig. 1

shows a pliers invention for open hand lever in a plan view.

Fig. 2

shows the pliers according to the invention according to Fig. 1 for partially closed hand lever in a plan view.

Fig. 3

shows the pliers according to the invention according to Fig. 1 and 2 for closed hand levers in a top view.

Fig. 4

shows the pliers of the invention in one Fig. 1 corresponding plan view and operating position, wherein a support plate of a fixed pliers part is removed to illustrate the transmission mechanism of the pliers.

Fig. 5

shows the pliers of the invention in one Fig. 3 corresponding plan view and operating position, wherein a support plate of a fixed pliers part is removed to illustrate the transmission mechanism of the pliers.

Fig. 6

shows a first expansion element, which is associated with a first expansion jaw for the illustrated embodiment of the inventive pliers, in a spatial representation.

Fig. 7

shows a second expansion element, which is associated with a second expansion jaw for the illustrated embodiment of the inventive pliers, in a spatial representation.

Fig. 8

shows a bearing body of a transmission mechanism between a spreader and a spreader in a spatial representation.

Fig. 9

shows a partial unit of the forceps according to the invention with two mutually led led spreading elements, which are mounted in bearing bodies, in a spatial representation.

Fig. 10

shows a connection for a line, wherein the compound can be radially compressed by spreading of actuating surfaces by means of a pliers according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In the figures, an embodiment of a pliers 1 according to the invention is shown, in which between the hand lever 2, 3 and expanding jaws 4, 5, a transmission mechanism 6 is interposed with a toggle mechanism 7. The basic principle according to the invention, in particular the generation of a spreading movement of the expanding jaws 4, 5 and / or the equipment of spreading elements 8, 9 with a plurality of receptacles 10, 11, 12 and / or the rotatable or turret-like coupling of the spreading elements 8, 9 with expanding jaws 4, 5 , is not tied to the exemplary transmission mechanism 6 with a toggle mechanism 7. Rather, any transmission mechanisms 6 can be used with deviating knee lever mechanisms, cam drives, other joints and gear ratios translations. Also possible is the use of the basic principles of the invention for a pair of pliers, in which with a pivoting movement of the hand lever 2, 3, a translational movement of the expanding jaws 4, 5 is generated.

At the in Fig. 1 Pliers 1 shown a fixed pliers part 13 is provided, which is formed with the hand lever 2, on which in a pliers head 14 end facing two parallel support plates 15, 16 are fixed, for example by means of screws or rivet connections. The support plates 15, 16 are integral with an extension 17, which continues the hand lever 2 in the direction of the pliers head 14, and formed in a first approximation C-shaped spreader 5, wherein the C-shaped spreader 5 with an end portion of the pliers head 14 facing end portion of the extension 17 extends. An imaginary connecting line of the end regions of the C-shaped Spreading jaw 5 with the longitudinal axis of the hand lever 2 and the extension 17 forms an angle of about 135 ° +/- 20 °.

Approximately centrally between the end portions of the extension 17, the support plates 15, 16 carry a pivot pin 19, which transversely to the main extension plane of the support plates 15, 16 and transversely to the plane according to Fig. 1 to 5 is oriented. Compared with the pivot pin 19, an end region of a push rod 21 is pivotable in the drawing plane to form a joint 20 Fig. 1 to 5 stored.

Another pivot pin 22, which is arranged in the pliers head 14 facing end portion of the extension 17 and is oriented parallel to the pivot pin 19 is held by the support plates 15, 16. The pivot pin 22 serves for the pivotable mounting of a spreader jaw 4 in a joint 24. The spreader jaw 4 is to be described in a first approximation as C-shaped or annular segmental with a circumferential angle of 150 ° to 180 °. The expanding jaw 4 is in the extension 27 facing the end region over a transverse to the plane according to Fig. 1 to 5 oriented pivot pin 25, which is freely movable relative to the support plates 15, 16, pivotally mounted in a hinge 26. The hand lever 3 forms with the extension 27 firmly connected thereto a moving pliers part 28th

Fig. 1 and 4 show the pliers 1 for open hand lever 2, 3, for which the outer end portions of the expanding jaws 4, 5 have a minimum distance. The hinge 20 opposite end portion of the push rod 21 is connected via a pivot pin 29, which is vertical to the plane according to Fig. 1 to 5 is oriented, mounted pivotably in the plane in a joint 30 with respect to the moving blade part 28, the hinge 30 is arranged in the region of the extension 27, preferably closely adjacent to the joint 26. For example, the distance of the joints 26, 30 ¹ / _10th to ¹ / _20th of the length of the moving pincer part 28th

With the moving pliers part 28 and the push rod 21, the toggle mechanism 7 is formed, in which the joint 30 forms the knee 32. For the in Fig. 1 and 4 illustrated open operating position of the pliers 1 form the push rod 21 and the portion of the moving pliers part 28 between the. Joints 26, 30 a first knee angle 44, which is between 90 ° and 140 °, for example between 100 ° and 120 °. For the in Fig. 2 shown, partially closed operating position of the forceps 1, the distance between the outer end portions of the expanding jaws 4, 5 has increased by pivoting the spreader jaw 4 about the hinge 24 in a clockwise direction. For the in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 illustrated closed position of the forceps 1, the hand lever 2, 3 have a minimum distance and are oriented approximately parallel to each other. This correlates with a maximum distance of the outer end regions of the expansion jaws 4, 5, whereby a second knee angle 62 is reached.

It is possible that the expanding jaws 4, 5 directly have actuating surfaces, which are preferably assigned to the outer end regions of the expanding jaws 4, 5 and are arranged on opposite sides of the expanding jaws 4, 5. At the actuating surfaces of the expanding jaws 4, 5 come in this case suitable actuating surfaces of the components of the compound to the plant for the purpose of transmitting spreading forces. For the illustrated embodiment, however, the additional spreading elements 8, 9 are provided, which are each coupled via a second transmission mechanism 33, 34 with the expanding jaws 4, 5: The spreading elements 8, 9 are in Fig. 6 respectively. Fig. 7 spatially represented as a single item. The expansion element 9 is formed with a triangular rigid disc 35. The disk 35 is penetrated centrally by a guide pin 36 which forms an extension 37 on the side of the disk 35 facing the expanding jaw 4 and on the other side forms an extension 38 which is provided with a collar 39 in its end region. In its corners, the disc 35 is equipped with receptacles 10a to 12a, which are approximately semicircular, U-shaped or fork-shaped and have different opening widths.

The spreader 8 has a disc 40 which is formed according to the disc 35 with receptacles 10b to 12b. On the side of the disk 40 facing the spreading jaw 4, the disk 40 centrally carries a hollow-cylindrical sleeve 41, which is equipped with a collar 42 in an outer end region.

With coaxial alignment of the expansion elements 8, 9, the expansion element 8 can be pushed with the sleeve 41 through the disc 40 through the inner bore accurately while ensuring a longitudinal displacement degree of freedom in the direction of an expansion axis 43-43 on the extension 37 of the expansion element 9. For the in 6 and 7 shown circular cross-sections of the extension 37 and the inner bore of the sleeve 41 is a rotational degree of freedom the spreading axis 43 given. Alternatively, in the case of a non-circular cross-sectional configuration, rotation about the spreading axis 43-43 can be prevented. In this case, an orientation of the receptacles 10 to 12 can be predetermined by the contour design of the cross sections.

A bearing body 45 has a first approximation cubic geometry, see. Fig. 8 , The bearing body 45 has a continuous inner bore 46 and on opposite sides transverse to the spreading axis 43-43 and the longitudinal axis of the inner bore 46 extending bearing pin 47, 48th

Fig. 9 shows a section through the forceps 1 with a cutting guide through a plane in which the spreading axis 43-43 is located. In Fig. 9 It can be seen that a bearing body 45b is snugly received between the disc 35 and the collar 39, wherein the extension 38 extends through the inner bore 46 therethrough. Another corresponding bearing body 45a is snugly received between the disc 40 and the collar 42 of the expansion element 8, wherein in this case the extension 41 extends through the inner bore 46, so that for this bearing body 45a, the diameter of the inner bore 46 may be larger , Alternatively, it is possible that the spreading elements 8, 9 are made such that the outer diameter of the extension 38 corresponds to the outer diameter of the sleeve 41, so that the inner holes 46 for the two bearing bodies 45a, b can be formed with the same diameter.

The pins 47, 48 of a bearing body 45 a are pivotable in a bore 49 of the expanding jaw 4 about a pivot axis, which is vertical to the plane according to Fig. 1 to 5 is oriented, stored, wherein the bore 49 is arranged in the outer end region of the expanding jaw 4. For the illustrated embodiment, the expanding jaw 4 is formed with two mutually parallel same Spreizbackenteilen each having a bore 49, wherein the bearing body 45a is received between the two Spreizbackenteilen. Accordingly, the bearing pins 47, 48 of the other bearing body 45b protect against a bore 50 of the expanding jaw 5, wherein such a bore 50 may be provided in both support plates 15, 16, between which the bearing body 45b is held. The bearing pins 47, 48 form with the bores 49 and 50 joints 51, 52, via which the bearing body 45 and the spreading elements 8, 9 pivotally relative to the expanding jaws 4, 5 are held. Consequently are formed with the bearing bodies 45a, 45b and the bores 49, 50, ie with the joints 51, 52, the second transmission mechanisms 33, 34.

A fixation device, not shown in the figures, by means of which the common rotation of the spreading elements 8, 9 can be locked about the spreading axis 43, 44, for example, as a detent ball or other detent element may be formed, which a detent between an upper side or a lower side of the bearing body 45th towards a collar 39, 42 or a disc 35, 40 allows.

It should be noted that in the course of the pivoting movement of the hand lever 2, 3, the spreading axis 43-43 slightly in the horizontal direction in Fig. 1 displaced, since the joint 51 moves relative to the fixed pliers part 13 and with respect to the joint 52 in a circular path. Accordingly, the feature of a claim that the second transmission mechanism 33, 34 generates a translational movement of the spreading elements in the direction of a spreading axis, is to be interpreted as meaning that a substantially straight-line movement takes place within a tolerable angular range. In any case, the transmission mechanisms 33, 34 ensure that the spreading elements 8, 9 can maintain a parallel orientation during the pivoting movement of the hand levers 2, 3.

Fig. 10 shows a connection 53 for a line 54 which is radially compressed by axially spreading two components 55, 56 in the axial direction of the line 54. The components 55, 56 have mutually facing actuating surfaces 57, 58, which for the in Fig. 10 illustrated embodiment are formed annular. A pressing of the connection 53 takes place via axial spreading and axial pressing apart of the actuating surfaces 57, 58, which is made possible by the use of the forceps 1. For such a spreading of the components 55, 56, first the pliers 1 in the in Fig. 1 illustrated initial state with open hand levers 2, 3 brought. The spreading elements 8, 9 are rotated in such a way that suitable receptacles 10 to 12 for the connection 53 are arranged on the outer side or end face of the forceps 1. Here, the opening of the selected receptacle 10 to 12 is preferably selected such that by means of this just a cylindrical portion 59 of the connection 52 can be overlapped. Then, the pliers are moved in the direction of the connection 53, that the discs 35, 40 are guided between the actuating surfaces 57, 58, wherein the portion 59 enters the selected receptacles 10 to 12. This will be exemplified below using a possibly Selected receptacle 12 explains: On opposite sides of the discs 35, 40 actuation surfaces 60, 61 of the expansion elements 8, 9, wherein for in the 6 and 7 illustrated embodiment, the actuating surfaces 60, 61 are U-shaped. With a pivoting of the hand lever 2, 3 to each other, the discs 35, 40 spread apart, so that the actuating surfaces 60, 61 come to rest on the actuating surfaces 57, 58. With further pivoting of the hand lever 2, 3 toward each other under application of actuating forces arises between the actuating surfaces 60 and 57 and 61 and 58, a spreading force, which causes the components 55, 56 are spread apart, which is associated with a radial compression and generation of elastic and / or plastic deformation.

It is understood that the actuating surfaces 57, 58, on which the pliers 1 is applied, may be associated with components 55, 56 of a fitting. It is also possible that one of the actuating surfaces 57, 58 or both actuating surfaces 57, 58 are assigned to a pipe end. To produce the connection 53, an elastic deformation and / or a plastic deformation of components of the fitting and / or tube ends of the conduit can take place.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

tongs

2

hand lever

3

hand lever

4

expanding jaw

5

expanding jaw

6

transmission mechanism

7

Toggle mechanism

8th

spreader

9

spreader

10

admission

11

admission

12

admission

13

fixed pliers part

14

pliers head

15

support plate

16

support plate

17

renewal

19

pivot pin

20

joint

21

pushrod

22

pivot pin

24

joint

25

pivot pin

26

joint

27

renewal

28

moved pliers part

29

pivot pin

30

joint

32

knee

33

2. Transmission mechanism

34

2. Transmission mechanism

35

disc

36

guide pins

37

extension

38

extension

39

Federation

40

disc

41

shell

42

Federation

43

expansion axis

44

first knee angle

45

bearing body

46

internal bore

47

pivot

48

pivot

49

drilling

50

drilling

51

joint

52

joint

53

connection

54

management

55

module

56

module

57

actuating surface

58

actuating surface

59

section

60

actuating surface

61

actuating surface

62

second knee angle

Claims (12)

1. Pliers for changing the distance of two actuating surfaces (57, 58) of a connector (53) for a conduit (54), wherein the change of the distance coincides with a radial crimping process with a plastic or elastic deformation of at least one component (55; 56) of the connector (53) with

   a) two hand levers (2, 3),

   b) two spreading jaws (4, 5),

   c) and a transfer mechanism (6) transferring actuating forces of a user applied on the hand levers (2, 3) with a transfer ratio to the spreading jaws (4, 5),

   d) wherein with a closing movement of the hand levers (2, 3) the distance of the spreading jaws (4, 5) is increased and a plastic deformation of at least one component (55, 56) of the connector (53) with a radial crimping process is caused by an increase of the distance of the spreading jaws (4, 5),

   e) a second transfer mechanism is interposed between the spreading jaws (4, 5) and spreading elements (8, 9), wherein the second transfer mechanism transfers the pivoting movement of the spreading jaws (4, 5) into a translational movement of the spreading elements (8, 9) along a spreading axis (43-43) or a parallel movement of the spreading elements (8, 9),

   f) the spreading elements (8, 9) are displaceably and directly guided with respect to each other into the direction of the spreading axis (43-43),
   characterized by

   g) the spreading elements (8, 9) being supported or linked with a rotational degree of freedom around the spreading axis (43-43).
2. Pliers (1) of claim 1, wherein the spreading elements (8, 9) comprise a plurality of nests or seats (10; 11; 12) located at different positions along the circumference.
3. Pliers (1) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the transfer mechanism (6) is built with a toggle lever mechanism (7).
4. Pliers (1) of claim 3, wherein

   a) a toggle lever joint (32) of the toggle lever mechanism (7) for opened hand levers (2, 3) and closed spreading jaws (4, 5) builds a first toggle lever angle (44) and

   b) with proceeding closing movement of the hand levers (2, 3) the toggle lever angle of the toggle lever mechanism increases up to a second toggle lever angle (62).
5. Pliers (1) of claim 4, wherein the second toggle lever angle (62) is between 170° and 179°.
6. Pliers (1) of one of claims 3 to 5, wherein

   a) in a rigid pliers part (13) a first hand lever (2) is rigidly linked with a first spreading jaw (5),

   b) a pressure rod (21) in one end region is pivotably linked with the rigid pliers part (13),

   c) a movable pliers part (28)

   ca) in one end region is in a joint (26) pivotably linked with the second spreading jaw (4),

   cb) in the other end region builds the second hand lever (3),

   cc) between the second hand lever (3) and the end region linked with the second spreading jaw (4) is pivotably linked with the pressure rod (21),

   d) the second spreading jaw (4) is pivotably linked between the joint (26) and an end region remote from the joint (26) with the rigid pliers part (13).
7. Pliers (1) of one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second transfer mechanism (33, 34) is built by a joint (51, 52).
8. Pliers (1) of one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spreading elements (8, 9) each comprise at least one nest or seat (10; 11; 12) for a component (55; 56) of the connector (53).
9. Pliers (1) of one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a fixing unit is provided for fixing the spreading elements (8, 9) for a defined angle of rotation around the spreading axis (43-43).
10. Pliers (1) of claim 9, wherein the fixing unit is built with a spring-loaded resting unit, a magnetic resting unit or a locking unit.
11. Pliers (1) of one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a spreading element (8) comprises a recess or a sleeve (41) housing a protrusion (37) of the other spreading element (9) and wherein the protrusion (37) is guided for a relative movement in the direction of the spreading axis (43-43).
12. Use of pliers (1) of one of claims 1 to 11 for building a connector (53) for a conduit (54), wherein

    a) two components (55, 56) of the connector are each supported at one spreading jaw (4, 5) or spreading element (8, 9) and

    b) with a closing movement of the hand levers (2, 3) and a spreading movement of the spreading jaws (4, 5) at least one component (55, 56) of the connector (53) is plastically deformed in radial direction.

Images