EP2077388A3 - Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination - Google Patents

Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2077388A3
EP2077388A3 EP09150134A EP09150134A EP2077388A3 EP 2077388 A3 EP2077388 A3 EP 2077388A3 EP 09150134 A EP09150134 A EP 09150134A EP 09150134 A EP09150134 A EP 09150134A EP 2077388 A3 EP2077388 A3 EP 2077388A3
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combination
exhaust gas
cylinder
cylinder head
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09150134A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2077388A2 (de
EP2077388B1 (de
Inventor
Kai Kuhlbach
Bernd Steiner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP08100147A external-priority patent/EP2077387B1/de
Priority claimed from EP08100146A external-priority patent/EP2077385B1/de
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP09150134A priority Critical patent/EP2077388B1/de
Publication of EP2077388A2 publication Critical patent/EP2077388A2/de
Publication of EP2077388A3 publication Critical patent/EP2077388A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2077388B1 publication Critical patent/EP2077388B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/105Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having the form of a chamber directly connected to the cylinder head, e.g. without having tubes connected between cylinder head and chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/243Cylinder heads and inlet or exhaust manifolds integrally cast together
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02FCYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F02M26/26Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses characterised by details of the bypass valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F02M26/30Connections of coolers to other devices, e.g. to valves, heaters, compressors or filters; Coolers characterised by their location on the engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/29Constructional details of the coolers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation or materials
    • F02M26/32Liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/41Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to the engine, e.g. to cylinder heads, liners, spark plugs or manifolds; characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to specially adapted combustion chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/24Layout, e.g. schematics with two or more coolers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/51EGR valves combined with other devices, e.g. with intake valves or compressors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/70Flap valves; Rotary valves; Sliding valves; Resilient valves

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kombination (1) mit Zylinderkopf (2) und Zylinderblock (3) und einem zumindest teilweise im Zylinderkopf (2) integrierten Kühlmittelmantel (12) für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens zwei Zylindern (7), bei der
- der Zylinderkopf (2) an einer Montage-Stirnseite (8) mit dem Zylinderblock (3) verbindbar ist,
- jeder Zylinder (7) mindestens eine Auslaßöffnung (21) zum Abführen der Abgase aus dem Zylinder (7) aufweist,
- sich an jede Auslaßöffnung (21) eine Abgasleitung anschließt,
- die Abgasleitungen von mindestens zwei Zylindern (7) unter Ausbildung eines zumindest teilweise im Zylinderkopf (2) integrierten Abgaskrümmers (4) zu einer Gesamtabgasleitung (16) zusammenführen, und
- ein von Abgas durchströmbares Gehäuse (5) vorgesehen ist, welches zur Kühlung von rückzuführendem Abgas dient.
Es soll eine Kombination (1) der genannten Art bereitgestellt werden, welche zur Ausbildung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasrückführung dient und mit der die aus dem Stand der Technik - im Zusammenhang mit der Kühlung des rückzuführenden Abgases - bekannten Nachteile überwunden werden.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Kombination (1) der oben genannten Art, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Gehäuse (5) zumindest teilweise integral mit der Kombination (1) ausgebildet ist, so dass zumindest Teile des Gehäuses (5) und die Kombination (1) ein monolithisches Bauteil bilden.
EP09150134A 2008-01-07 2009-01-07 Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination Active EP2077388B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09150134A EP2077388B1 (de) 2008-01-07 2009-01-07 Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08100147A EP2077387B1 (de) 2008-01-07 2008-01-07 Verfahren zur Kühlung eines rückzuführenden Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine
EP08100146A EP2077385B1 (de) 2008-01-07 2008-01-07 Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit angrenzendem Bauteil
EP09150134A EP2077388B1 (de) 2008-01-07 2009-01-07 Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2077388A2 EP2077388A2 (de) 2009-07-08
EP2077388A3 true EP2077388A3 (de) 2009-10-28
EP2077388B1 EP2077388B1 (de) 2010-12-01

Family

ID=40581528

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09150134A Active EP2077388B1 (de) 2008-01-07 2009-01-07 Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2077388B1 (de)
DE (1) DE502009000190D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5387612B2 (ja) * 2010-06-25 2014-01-15 マツダ株式会社 エンジンの排気還流装置
DE102010038055A1 (de) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Brennkraftmaschine mit Flüssigkeitskühlung
DE102011007140A1 (de) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-11 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Ventilsitzring
FR2991393B1 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2014-06-06 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Structure de ligne de recyclage des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique
US9828894B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2017-11-28 Deere & Company Exhaust manifold comprising an EGR passage and a coolant passage
DE102015206891A1 (de) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Abgasrückführungsbaugruppe mit Abgaskrümmer
US10330054B2 (en) * 2016-03-24 2019-06-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Systems and method for an exhaust gas recirculation cooler coupled to a cylinder head
FR3059724B1 (fr) * 2016-12-01 2018-12-07 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Culasse de moteur avec recirculation optionnelle de gaz a haute et basse pression
CN108547703B (zh) * 2018-03-23 2020-05-08 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 一种集成排气歧管的汽车发动机冷却水套结构
WO2021139886A1 (de) * 2020-01-09 2021-07-15 Pierburg Gmbh Abgassystem einer verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102020133977A1 (de) 2020-12-17 2022-06-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Abgasrückführungsbaugruppe

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2802095A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Isuzu Motors Ltd Abgas-rezirkulationsvorrichtung fuer einen verbrennungsmotor mit zusatzverbrennungskammern
FR2738289A1 (fr) * 1995-08-31 1997-03-07 Renault Dispositif d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne
EP1006272A2 (de) * 1998-12-01 2000-06-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Mehrzylinderkopf
EP1154144A1 (de) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-14 IVECO FIAT S.p.A. Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasrückführungssystem, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge
JP2002285915A (ja) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Toyota Motor Corp シリンダヘッドの排気還流通路
EP2077385A1 (de) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit angrenzendem Bauteil
EP2077387A1 (de) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Verfahren zur Kühlung eines rückzuführenden Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2802095A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Isuzu Motors Ltd Abgas-rezirkulationsvorrichtung fuer einen verbrennungsmotor mit zusatzverbrennungskammern
FR2738289A1 (fr) * 1995-08-31 1997-03-07 Renault Dispositif d'echappement pour moteur a combustion interne
EP1006272A2 (de) * 1998-12-01 2000-06-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Mehrzylinderkopf
EP1154144A1 (de) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-14 IVECO FIAT S.p.A. Brennkraftmaschine mit Abgasrückführungssystem, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge
JP2002285915A (ja) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Toyota Motor Corp シリンダヘッドの排気還流通路
EP2077385A1 (de) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit angrenzendem Bauteil
EP2077387A1 (de) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-08 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Verfahren zur Kühlung eines rückzuführenden Abgasstroms einer Brennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2077388A2 (de) 2009-07-08
DE502009000190D1 (de) 2011-01-13
EP2077388B1 (de) 2010-12-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2077388A3 (de) Kombination mit Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock und Verwendung einer derartigen Kombination
EP2003321A3 (de) Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP1132609A3 (de) Abgaswärmetauscher in einer Abgasrückführungsanordnung
EP2851646A3 (de) Wärmetauscher für einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE102005008103A1 (de) Abgasturboladerbrennkraftmaschine
EP2770169A3 (de) Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit zweiflutiger Turbine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine
EP1837499A3 (de) Vorrichtung zur Kühlung eines Abgasstroms
EP2273096A3 (de) Brennkraftmaschine mit Ladeluftkühler
EP1533512A3 (de) Sauganlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102008061399A1 (de) Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei in Reihe geschalteten Abgasturboladern
DE102014107208B4 (de) Verringerte drehmomentschwankung für motoren mit aktivem kraftstoffmanagement
DE3439738C2 (de) Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019108487A1 (de) Agr-system für zusammengesetztes, turbogeladenes motorsystem
EP2169205A3 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsmotors
EP1854985A3 (de) Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Rußkonzentration im Abgas einer direkteinspritzenden Brennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine zur Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens
EP2333277B1 (de) Abgaskrümmer für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102004061028A1 (de) Abgasrückführungssystem
EP2180179A3 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102010032171B4 (de) Abgasrückführungssystem mit Pumpe für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP2080885A3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Motorsteuereinheit
DE102014016877B4 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine sowie entsprechende Brennkraftmaschine
DE102009010333B4 (de) Auflademodul, Aufladesystem und Brennkraftmaschine
DE3929124A1 (de) Brennkraftmaschine mit einem aufladeaggregat
EP1182344B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Rückführung von Gas an einem Verbrennungsmotor
WO2020053081A1 (de) Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennkraftmaschine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA RS

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA RS

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20100428

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): DE FR GB RO TR

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F02F 1/24 20060101ALN20100528BHEP

Ipc: F01P 11/04 20060101ALN20100528BHEP

Ipc: F02M 25/07 20060101AFI20100528BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB RO TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502009000190

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20110113

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20110902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502009000190

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20110902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20191226

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20191231

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: RO

Payment date: 20200106

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20200107

Year of fee payment: 12

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20210107

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210107

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210107

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20221215

Year of fee payment: 15

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230620