EP2072093A1 - Karkasse für einen Ball - Google Patents

Karkasse für einen Ball Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2072093A1
EP2072093A1 EP08021367A EP08021367A EP2072093A1 EP 2072093 A1 EP2072093 A1 EP 2072093A1 EP 08021367 A EP08021367 A EP 08021367A EP 08021367 A EP08021367 A EP 08021367A EP 2072093 A1 EP2072093 A1 EP 2072093A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carcass
panels
panel
preferred
adjacent panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08021367A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2072093B1 (de
Inventor
Timothy David Lucas
Timothy Kelvin Robinson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adidas International Marketing BV
Original Assignee
Adidas International Marketing BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adidas International Marketing BV filed Critical Adidas International Marketing BV
Publication of EP2072093A1 publication Critical patent/EP2072093A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2072093B1 publication Critical patent/EP2072093B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B41/00—Hollow inflatable balls
    • A63B41/08—Ball covers; Closures therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2243/00—Specific ball sports not provided for in A63B2102/00 - A63B2102/38
    • A63B2243/0025—Football

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carcass, in particular to a carcass for a ball.
  • the outer panels (made of leather or synthetic leather) are attached to the carcass using a lamination process. Due to the automated manufacturing process, the shape of laminated balls is very close to a spherical shape. Furthermore, size, weight, and deformation characteristics of laminated balls can be easily adjusted. As a result, these balls typically have good long term form stability.
  • a reinforcing carcass may be manufactured from a nylon thread having a length of several kilometers by random winding of the fibre around the bladder of the ball.
  • rubber fibers or fibers from elastic materials may also be used.
  • Balls containing such a carcass have a significantly longer lifetime.
  • the manufacturing of such a wound layer is complex and the form stability for longer time periods is limited due to the inhomogeneity of the random winding of the fiber.
  • Figures 4a and 7 show a two-dimensional (2D) representation of a different type of carcass according to the prior art, which is composed of twelve pentagonal two-layered fabric pieces.
  • the US 2006/0084536 describes a manufacturing process for a carcass which is composed of twelve regular pentagons and wherein a single panel comprises two layers of woven material.
  • the application discloses a method for manufacturing a carcass, wherein the marginal edges of all seams are inwardly directed to the bladder.
  • the present invention is based on the problem to obtain an improved reaction performance of the ball under all usage conditions, even if the material from which the carcass is formed has different numerical values for the elasticity modulus or Young's modulus (the relationship between the tensile force and the elongation at the deformation of a solid state body within its linear elastic region) along different directions.
  • the carcass comprises several panels which are connected to each other.
  • Each panel comprises at least one preferred strain direction, wherein the elasticity modulus of the panel is greater in the preferred strain direction than in other directions.
  • the panels of the carcass are arranged relative to each other so as to exclude an orientation of a pair of adjacent panels where each panel of this pair has at least one preferred strain direction which is perpendicular to the connection line between the two adjacent panels.
  • the preferred embodiment of the invention shows an improved homogeneous strain characteristic in the region of the connection lines of the panels compared to a carcass having panels with randomly distributed orientations.
  • the disclosed embodiment avoids the very stiff areas which can occur in a case where each panel in an adjacent pair has at least one preferred strain direction which is perpendicular to the connection line between the two adjacent panels. Therefore, for a given set of preferred strain directions of the individual panels, the homogeneity of the carcass strain characteristics is optimized over the whole surface of the ball. Inserting a carcass manufactured according to a preferred embodiment into a ball improves the reaction characteristics of the ball compared to a ball having a conventional carcass. This improvement is based on the invention and is realized without any negative influence on other ball parameters.
  • the panels of the carcass have two preferred strain directions, for example if the panels comprise a woven material. Natural fibers, plastic fibers or a combination of both can be used as starting materials. The strain characteristics of the woven material, e.g. the elasticity modulus, can be adjusted by choosing suitable starting materials.
  • the preferred strain directions of the woven materials are parallel to the directions of the warp and the weft.
  • the elasticity modulus in the warp and the weft directions can be adjusted to be substantially equal by appropriate selection of the fibers for the warp and the weft.
  • the panels of the carcass comprise two layers of woven material, an upper layer and a lower layer.
  • the two layers of the woven material are arranged so that the warp direction of the upper layer is substantially perpendicular to the warp direction of the lower layer. This leads to a substantially equal elasticity modulus for both preferred strain directions.
  • the inventive principle can be applied to panels of various forms. It is not necessary that all panels forming the carcass have the same form. Furthermore, it is also not necessary that the panels have a form of regular or irregular polygons. Preferably, at least one of the panels has a form of a regular pentagon. In a preferred embodiment, all panels have a regular pentagonal form and 12 panels are connected to each other to form a carcass for a ball. In an alternative embodiment, the panels of the carcass comprise regular pentagons and hexagons similar to the panels of the outer layer of the ball. In this embodiment, the carcass comprises 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons.
  • This is preferably a carcass for a soccer ball.
  • the invention can also be used for other kind of inflatable balls like volley balls, handballs, rugby balls, etc.
  • Fig. 1 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of a panel 100 which comprises two layers of a woven material, an upper layer 50 and a lower layer 60.
  • the solid arrow in Fig. 1 is parallel to the warp direction 200 and the dashed arrow is parallel to the weft direction 300.
  • the two directions 200 and 300 are perpendicular to each other. Due to the structural set-up of the woven material, the individual layers 50 and 60 have an anisotropic strain characteristic. This means that the numerical values of the elasticity modulus in the warp direction 200 and the weft direction 300 are larger than in other directions.
  • the relative length variation of a layer 50 or 60 parallel to the warp direction 200 and parallel to the weft direction 300 is smaller than in other directions.
  • the warp direction 200 and the weft direction 300 are the two preferred strain directions 200 and 300 of a layer 50 or 60 of woven material.
  • the materials for the warp and weft can be chosen so that the numerical values of the elasticity modulus for the two preferred strain directions 200, 300 are equal or unequal.
  • the woven material may comprise a texture supporting the adhesive bonding of the outer panels.
  • the material of the carcass can also be immersed or laminated to adjust properties like stiffness or the like according to the requirements of the ball.
  • the upper layer 50 and the lower layer 60 of woven material are rotated by an angle of substantially 90° relative to each other and are subsequently connected to each other, preferably by adhesive bonding.
  • the panel 100 shown in Fig. 1 forms the basic element of the carcass. Due to the construction of the panel 100, the two preferred strain directions 200 and 300 show substantially the same strain characteristics, i.e. the numerical values of the elasticity modulus are almost identical for the preferred directions 200 and 300. As a result, tough and long term stable panels 100 for carcasses are achieved. By interchanging the upper layer 50 with the lower layer 60 before cutting the panel 100 from the two-layer material, the preferred strain directions 200 and 300 can be exchanged.
  • a panel 100 is generated by adhesive bonding of the woven materials of the upper layer 50 and lower layer 60 wherein the latter is rotated by substantially 90° relative to the upper layer 50.
  • an individual layer 50 or 60 of the woven material forms the panel 100.
  • the panel 100 comprises a material having only a single preferred strain direction.
  • the warp direction 200 and the weft direction 300 form an angle of 90° and therefore generate two preferred strain directions 200 and 300, which are perpendicular to each other.
  • Any anisotropic, elastic, two-dimensional material can be used instead of the woven material for a panel 100 to produce a preferred embodiment of a carcass in accordance with the invention.
  • Use of the two-layer set-up represented in Fig. 1 means that the elasticity modulus of any elastic anisotropic material selected for the manufacture of the panel 100 can be made symmetric. However, it is also possible to use more than two layers and / or to arrange the layers with other relative orientations.
  • the panels 100 in Fig. 1 comprise a regular pentagonal form.
  • the inventive principle can also be applied to other panels having a form of regular or irregular polygons.
  • the carcass comprises regular pentagons and hexagons.
  • the panels 100 of the carcass can be congruent with the outer panels of a ball. An arrangement with an offset is also conceivable.
  • the preferred strain directions 200 and 300 of the panel 100 have a substantially fixed orientation relative to the pentagonal shape of the panel 100.
  • the invention does not require such a defined orientation.
  • the term "substantially” reflects manufacturing tolerances which may or may not occur at different production steps.
  • Fig. 2 shows two regular pentagonal panels 100.
  • the two panels 100 may be connected along a connection line 400 by various techniques, like stitching, gluing and welding. Both panels 100 have preferred strain directions 200 and 300 which are again perpendicular to each other.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the definition of the angle determination for the preferred strain directions 200, 300 of an arrangement of adjacent panels 100 in relation to the connection line 400.
  • a perpendicular line 500 relative to the connection line 400 serves as a reference direction.
  • Perpendicular line 500 intersects both preferred strain directions 200, 300 and forms with each of them an angle 0 ⁇ ⁇ 200 , ⁇ 300 ⁇ 90° for each panel 100.
  • the smaller angle of the two angles ⁇ 200 , ⁇ 300 serves as the reference angle for that panel in distinguishing the various arrangements. If the intersection point of the two preferred strain directions 200, 300 coincides with the central point of the pentagonal panel 100, the preferred strain direction 200, 300, which is used for the determination of the angle, intersects the connection line 400.
  • the other preferred strain direction 200, 300, which forms the larger angle does not intersect the connection line 400.
  • the sought-after angle for the left panel 100 is 0°.
  • the sought-after angle for the left panel 100 is 36°.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic presentation of all configurations of adjacent panels 100 which occur in a carcass made from regular pentagonal panels 100.
  • the configurations show angle sums ⁇ S of 0°, 18°, 36°, 54° and 72°.
  • Each panel combination can be turned upside down so that the upper panel takes the place of the lower panel and the lower panel takes the place of the upper panel. Turning an arrangement upside down does not change its properties. This is the reason why the upside-down combinations are not shown in Fig. 3 .
  • some configurations can be obtained by mirroring other configurations along the perpendicular line 500 from other configurations. The mirrored configurations in Fig.
  • Fig. 4a shows a cut, two-dimensional arrangement of the pentagonal panels 100 of a carcass 1000 for a ball which has been manufactured according to the prior art.
  • the carcass 1000 comprises 12 regular pentagonal panels 100 being numbered from 1 to 12.
  • the solid circle in panel 1 indicates a valve of the bladder which passes through the carcass 1000.
  • the dashed circle in panel 12 marks a counter balance, which is attached on the opposite inside of the carcass 1000.
  • the solid arrows 200 and dashed arrows 300 indicate the preferred strain directions 200 and 300 of the individual panels 100.
  • Fig 5 shows again the arrangement (a) of Fig. 3 .
  • the same preferred strain direction 200 solid arrow
  • this preferred strain direction 200 is perpendicular to the connection line 400 of both panels 100.
  • the arrangement shown in Fig. 5a occurs in particular, if the individual panels of a carcass 1000 are not pentagonal, but have a shape comprising two contiguous pentagons of woven material which have been cut or stamped out from the same piece of material.
  • the first preferred strain direction 200 (solid arrow) of the lower panel 100 is parallel to the second preferred strain direction 300 (dashed arrow) of the upper panel 100 and the corresponding preferred strain directions 200, 300 are perpendicular to each other.
  • This is the reasons why this arrangement is identified by (a') and ⁇ S 0°, again in accordance with the angle definition of Fig. 2 .
  • the second preferred strain direction 300 of the upper panel 100 and the first preferred strain direction 200 of the lower panel 100 are perpendicular to the connection line 400 of both panels 100.
  • Fig. 8a summarizes in the table the measured numerical values of the elasticity modulus of the different combinations of adjacent panels 100 of Figs. 5 and 6b .
  • the second column lists the measured numerical values of the elasticity modulus of the combinations of adjacent panels 100 given in the first column.
  • the third column represents normalized numerical values, wherein the configuration (f) is chosen as a reference.
  • the diagram in Fig. 8b represents the relative ratios of the numerical values of the elasticity modulus of the different arrangements of Figs. 5 and 6b .
  • Fig. 4c shows the normalized numerical values of the elasticity modulus of a carcass 1000 according to the prior art.
  • These 24 configurations are exclusively arrangements (g) and (h) (see Fig. 7 left table and Fig. 9a ). All other arrangements do not occur in a carcass 1000 according to the prior art.
  • Fig. 8 shows under (b) relative ratios of the numerical values of the elasticity modulus of adjacent panels 100 for the standard carcass 1000 of Fig. 8a (see Figs. 5 and 6b ).
  • the arrangement (a) is correlated to the highest elasticity modulus.
  • the combinations (g) and (h) have the second lowest numerical value of the elasticity modulus.
  • the two numerical values differ by a factor of seven. This difference in combination with the asymmetrical frequency distribution results in an inhomogeneous strain behavior across the surface of a carcass 1000. This means that the behavior of a ball containing such a carcass 1000 is negatively impacted.
  • Figs. 5 , 6b and 8 illustrate the following relation: the larger the angle sum ⁇ S the smaller the numerical values of the elasticity modulus.
  • the numerical value of the elasticity modulus of the arrangement (f) is larger than that of the configurations (d) and (e) (see Fig. 8 ). This could be related to the fact that for each arrangement (d), (e) and (f) the angle sum ⁇ S has the same value, but the contributions from the individual panel 100 of the panel pair to the angle sum ⁇ S is different for the arrangement (f) and (d) and (e).
  • Fig. 6a shows a cut, two-dimensional representation of an arrangement of a particularly preferred embodiment of a carcass 1000.
  • the carcass 1000 comprises again 12 regular pentagonal panels 100. They are numbered from 1 to 12.
  • the solid arrows 200 and dashed arrows 300 indicate the preferred strain directions 200 and 300 of the individual panels 100.
  • Fig. 6b shows the arrangements of adjacent panels 100 which are used in a particularly preferred embodiment.
  • the arrangements (a) - as well as (a') - do not occur in a preferred embodiment.
  • the angle sums of adjacent panels 100 which occur in preferred embodiments are 18°, 36°, 54° and 72°. All the other five configurations discussed in Fig. 8 occur with an identical frequency, six times each, (see Fig. 7 right table and Fig. 9b ).
  • Fig. 6c depicts the numerical values of the elasticity modulus of the frequency distribution of the arrangements of adjacent panels 100 (see Fig. 8 ).
  • the remaining five different numerical values of the elasticity modulus have a significantly smaller variation (4.3 compared to 7.0 in Fig. 4c ).
  • the smaller variation of the numerical values of the elasticity modulus of adjacent panels 100 (see Fig. 9b ) and the homogeneous frequency distribution leads to a carcass 1000 with an essentially homogeneous strain behavior across its surface. Therefore, despite the anisotropy of the individual panels 100, the panel arrangement shown in Fig. 6a leads to a largely uniform carcass 1000. This means that the behavior of a ball containing such a carcass 1000 is not negatively influenced.
  • the left table of Fig. 7 lists in the third column all 30 angle sums ⁇ S of adjacent panels 100 which can occur in a carcass 1000 according to the prior art.
  • the center column indicates the arrangements according to the terminology introduced in Figs. 3 , 5 and 6b .
  • Fig. 9 shows under (a) the frequency distribution of the arrangements of adjacent panels 100 of a carcass 1000 according to the prior art.
  • Fig. 9 shows under (b) the frequency distribution of arrangements of adjacent panels 100 of a carcass 1000 according to a preferred embodiment.
  • the configurations (a) - as well as (a') - do not occur (see Fig. 5 ). All the other five arrangements discussed in Fig. 6b having different numerical values of the elasticity modulus (see Fig. 8 ) occur with an identical frequency distribution - six times each (see Fig. 7 right table).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
EP08021367.1A 2007-12-20 2008-12-09 Karkasse für einen Ball Active EP2072093B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710061447 DE102007061447B4 (de) 2007-12-20 2007-12-20 Karkasse für einen Ball

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2072093A1 true EP2072093A1 (de) 2009-06-24
EP2072093B1 EP2072093B1 (de) 2017-03-22

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EP08021367.1A Active EP2072093B1 (de) 2007-12-20 2008-12-09 Karkasse für einen Ball

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012092002A1 (en) 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Vertex L.L.C. Game ball and method of manufacturing same
US20150202500A1 (en) * 2009-03-20 2015-07-23 Nike, Inc. Sport Ball Casing And Methods Of Manufacturing The Casing
US9586098B1 (en) 2016-01-12 2017-03-07 Zain-Ul-Abideen Ahsan Sports ball and method of manufacturing sports ball

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001083047A1 (en) 2000-05-01 2001-11-08 Molten Corporation Ball for ball game and method for manufacturing the same
WO2004056424A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-07-08 Molten Corporation Ball for ball game and method for manufacturing the same
WO2006056441A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Uhlsport Gmbh Ball case, in particular for soccer balls

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333648A (en) 1979-02-06 1982-06-08 Molten Rubber Industry Co., Ltd. Inflatable game ball

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001083047A1 (en) 2000-05-01 2001-11-08 Molten Corporation Ball for ball game and method for manufacturing the same
WO2004056424A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-07-08 Molten Corporation Ball for ball game and method for manufacturing the same
WO2006056441A1 (en) 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Uhlsport Gmbh Ball case, in particular for soccer balls

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150202500A1 (en) * 2009-03-20 2015-07-23 Nike, Inc. Sport Ball Casing And Methods Of Manufacturing The Casing
US9539473B2 (en) * 2009-03-20 2017-01-10 Nike, Inc. Sport ball casing and methods of manufacturing the casing
US20170080639A1 (en) * 2009-03-20 2017-03-23 Nike, Inc. Sport ball casing and methods of manufacturing the casing
US10016935B2 (en) * 2009-03-20 2018-07-10 Nike, Inc. Sport ball casing and methods of manufacturing the casing
WO2012092002A1 (en) 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Vertex L.L.C. Game ball and method of manufacturing same
EP2658618B1 (de) * 2010-12-29 2019-10-23 Novation iQ LLC Spielball und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US9586098B1 (en) 2016-01-12 2017-03-07 Zain-Ul-Abideen Ahsan Sports ball and method of manufacturing sports ball
US9844705B2 (en) 2016-01-12 2017-12-19 Zain-Ul-Abideen Ahsan Sports ball and method of manufacturing sports ball

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007061447B4 (de) 2009-12-31
DE102007061447A1 (de) 2009-06-25
EP2072093B1 (de) 2017-03-22

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