EP2058434A1 - Method of manufacturing a sheet of paper including a step of fixing a mineral charge to cellulose fibres - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a sheet of paper including a step of fixing a mineral charge to cellulose fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2058434A1
EP2058434A1 EP20080020295 EP08020295A EP2058434A1 EP 2058434 A1 EP2058434 A1 EP 2058434A1 EP 20080020295 EP20080020295 EP 20080020295 EP 08020295 A EP08020295 A EP 08020295A EP 2058434 A1 EP2058434 A1 EP 2058434A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ppm
fibers
ions
paper
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP20080020295
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Richard
Didier Joisson
Gilbert Schohn
Cyrille Schu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Essity Operations France SAS
Original Assignee
Georgia Pacific France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georgia Pacific France SAS filed Critical Georgia Pacific France SAS
Publication of EP2058434A1 publication Critical patent/EP2058434A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C11/00—Regeneration of pulp liquors or effluent waste waters
    • D21C11/0035—Introduction of compounds, e.g. sodium sulfate, into the cycle in order to compensate for the losses of pulping agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
    • D21C9/002—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
    • D21C9/004—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/675—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/70—Inorganic compounds forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with other substances added separately

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel method for producing a paper sheet comprising a step of fixing a mineral filler on cellulosic fibers in aqueous suspension.
  • the fixing of the mineral fillers, for example calcium, on the fibers can be done by means of a chemical reaction causing the precipitation of an insoluble chemical compound, for example calcium carbonate, which is fixed on the fibers and fibrils of cellulose. .
  • the cellulosic fibers on which these mineral fillers are firmly attached are used for papermaking.
  • the entire paper industry is concerned.
  • the invention can indeed be applied to the manufacture of papers usually loaded with mineral materials such as printing and writing papers such as coated paper, press papers such as newsprint and light coated paper (intended for magazines ), thin papers such as cigarette paper.
  • the invention can also be applied to the manufacture of other types of paper such as absorbent papers for sanitary and domestic use which are not conventionally loaded with mineral materials.
  • Cellulosic fibers are paper fibers, short or long.
  • the aqueous suspensions of fibers are prepared from any type of pulp: chemical pulp, bleached or unbleached, mechanical or thermomechanical pulp or mixtures of these different pastes.
  • the dough can also be obtained by a process of deinking waste paper or waste paper.
  • Mineral fillers can be added directly to the manufacture of a sheet of paper.
  • mineral fillers Natural or synthetic calcium carbonates (CaCO 3 ) are most often used. They are added to papermaking fibers to improve the characteristics and properties of paper products. Mineral fillers can provide different properties to paper. Because of their crystalline structure and their particular morphology, they bring to the paper, the whiteness, the opacity, improves the thickness etc ... They are of an interesting use on the economic plan, decreasing the cost of the raw materials, being cheaper than fiber.
  • CaCO 3 natural or synthetic calcium carbonates
  • the difficulty lies in the fixing of these charges to cellulosic fibers and in particular in the strength of the charge-fiber bond.
  • the charges do not remain in contact with the fibers during the process of making a sheet of paper.
  • the mineral fine particles tend not to remain in the fibrous mat formed by the sheet and some of these particles are found in the process water, recovered and / or rejected.
  • This phenomenon is conventional in the manufacture of absorbent papers such as cellulose wadding, which are low-weight papers manufactured at high speed or by a conventional method, that is to say, dried and creped, or by a process using through-blow drying.
  • retention agents have been added to better retain the mineral fillers on the fibers.
  • the fixing process consists in introducing into a relatively concentrated aqueous suspension of fibers, a first reagent based on one of the cations forming the future precipitate, for example calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, or slaked lime.
  • a first reagent based on one of the cations forming the future precipitate for example calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, or slaked lime.
  • the latter patent describes a method of first impregnating calcium chloride fibers, then reacting the salt with sodium carbonate and then washing to remove sodium chloride.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method that makes it possible to solve the problems encountered with the methods of the prior art.
  • the object of the invention is to suppress the addition of retention agents and to eliminate any preparative step of preparation in order to integrate the setting of charges in line or "in situ" in the general process of papermaking.
  • the solution of the invention is to use as water reaction medium the waters of the papermaking process, namely the water contained in the aqueous suspension of fibers, for the step of fixing the mineral fillers on the fibers. cellulose.
  • the invention therefore consists in using this reservoir of ions present in ionic equilibrium in the aqueous suspension of fibers. It is considered that all the waters of the papermaking process form a single reaction medium for precipitation.
  • This new process allows on-line integration of the step of precipitation of mineral fillers on the fibers in the more general papermaking process. It uses all the quantity of the water of the process without treating them particularly. It is fully applicable industrially and avoids the use of additional retention agents.
  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a sheet of paper.
  • the manufacturing composition comprises, in ionic equilibrium, sodium ions and hydrogen carbonate ions.
  • the manufacturing composition further comprises calcium and / or magnesium hydrogen carbonates.
  • the hydroxide of the inorganic filler is a calcium hydroxide.
  • the production composition is obtained from a paste resulting from a process for deinking waste paper.
  • the complete alkalimetric titer of the aqueous suspension is between 2 and 30 ° F.
  • the starting composition comprises in ionic equilibrium at least alkali metal ions and / or alkaline earth, and hydrogen carbonate ions, carbonates or silicates.
  • the manufacturing composition comprises in equilibrium hydrogen carbonate ions and sodium and alkaline earth ions.
  • the method of manufacturing a paper sheet comprises, after the step of preparing or supplying the production composition, a step of adding a hydroxide of a mineral filler to fix the mineral filler. on the paper fibers, before the step of forming the sheet.
  • the process for producing a sheet of paper according to the invention incorporates, among its essential steps, a step of fixing mineral fillers on the fibers, as described below.
  • the invention is based on the use of water from the manufacture of pulp or paper within the papermaking process, as a reservoir of ions and even mineral fillers, potentially precipitable.
  • the waters present in a papermaking process such as the manufacturing composition which is an aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers, comprise a large number of ions in ionic equilibrium. The most frequent are the following: H + , OH - , HCO 3 - (hydrogen carbonate ions), CO 3 2- (carbonate ions), (nSiO 2 ) O 2- (silicate ions), Na + (sodium ion), Ca 2+ (calcium ion), Mg 2+ (magnesium ion).
  • These waters also include carbon dioxide from either atmospheric carbon dioxide or groundwater or groundwater which are used in the suspension, either from chemical neutralization with industrial or recovered carbon dioxide.
  • the water therefore usually contains carbonates (CO 3 2- ), hydrogen carbonates (HCO 3 - ), and dissolved carbon dioxide, depending on the pH value.
  • Water recovered or recycled in paper manufacturing processes contains mineral ions.
  • the sodium ions are in larger quantities and are in the form of hydrogen carbonates when the neutralizations inherent to the deinking process are carried out from carbon dioxide.
  • the molar ratio of sodium ions to other alkaline earth metal ions is often greater than two. The sodium ion thus participates very actively in the ionic equilibrium.
  • the cations are mostly balanced by the presence of hydrogen carbonate ions. This is measured by the complete alkalimetic titer (or TAC). This title is between 2 and 30 ° F.
  • TAC complete alkalimetic titer
  • aqueous suspension composition of cellulosic fibers that can be used in the invention are given below.
  • Other compounds may also precipitate in the form of silicates or metal carbonates according to the composition of the water used, and to be fixed on the fibers.
  • Calcium hydroxide is added in soluble form or preferably in the form of highly concentrated milk (lime).
  • the milk comprises calcium hydroxide particles having a mean diameter of less than 6 ⁇ m.
  • the volume of added calcium hydroxide in the form of milk can be very low, in a ratio of up to 1 per 1000.
  • This concentration facilitates the integration of this step online, in the papermaking process and has above all a beneficial effect on the distribution of the crystals on all the fibers. Indeed, thanks to the almost instantaneous reaction of this small volume with the suspension of the fibers, there is a strong temporary basicity concentrated in contact with the fibers, which promotes the chemical bonding of the precipitate on the fibers.
  • the pH of the aqueous fiber suspension is generally modified as well as the ionic conditions specific to the formation of the sheet. It is therefore necessary to adjust the pH by neutralizing and stabilizing it.
  • This pH adjustment can take place in the aqueous suspension of fibers where the mineral fillers are fixed on the fibers, before the formation of the sheet.
  • the gas containing carbon dioxide is then injected into the silo of the sewage water.
  • the fibers are then recovered at about 5% and the ionically regenerated waters again containing hydrogen carbonate ions are recycled to 95% in the starting manufacturing composition.
  • sodium ions recycled with water from paper manufacturing, have an essential function. They first provide hydrogen carbonate ions for the instantaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate (reaction a)), then instantaneously capture hydrogen carbonate ions from the injected carbon dioxide (reaction e)) to stabilize the pH and regenerate the equilibria. ionic.
  • this process is very advantageous and makes it possible to fix mineral fillers on the fibers directly during the process of manufacturing a sheet of paper.
  • An aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers is prepared from virgin fibers suspended in ground water.
  • the pH is close to 8.
  • the calcium hydroxide particles have an average diameter of less than 6 microns. In less than 60 seconds, the pH stabilizes at 10.7.
  • a sample is taken to make a paper form according to the conventional method (Formette Franck). From this suspension, it is possible to produce shaped tablets rich in fixed calcium carbonate. We find a retention rate close to 90%, from a basis weight of 25 g / m 2 , this without adding a retention agent. Above 80 g / m 2 , the retention rate becomes close to 100%.
  • the form contains about 11.7% calcium carbonate.
  • the pH can be reduced to lower values by injecting into the suspension a gas containing 10% carbon dioxide or more, neutralizing sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and soluble calcium hydroxide.
  • An aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers is prepared from a suspension of fibers from a recycling or de-inking process of waste paper.
  • the pH is close to 8.
  • the calcium hydroxide particles in lime milk have an average diameter of less than 6 microns.
  • the pH stabilizes at 9.8.
  • a sample is taken to make a paper form according to the conventional method (Formette Franck). From this suspension, it is possible to manufacture formlets, rich in fixed calcium carbonate. We find a retention rate close to 90%, from a basis weight of 25 g / m 2 , this without adding a retention agent. Above 80 g / m 2 , the retention rate becomes close to 100%.
  • the form contains about 13.5% calcium carbonate.
  • the pH can be reduced to lower values by injecting into the suspension a gas containing 10% carbon dioxide or more, neutralizing the alkaline elements, essentially sodium hydroxide.
  • An aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers is prepared from a manufacturing composition containing sodium hydrogencarbonate.
  • the pH is around 8.4.
  • the pH stabilizes rapidly at 8.8.
  • a sample is taken to make a paper form according to the conventional method (Formette Franck). From this suspension, we can manufacture form, and according to the retention rate of the fine cellulose particles rich in fixed calcium carbonate, we find a retention rate mineral loads close to 90%, from a basis weight of 25 g / m 2 , this without add retention agent. Above 80 g / m 2 , the retention rate becomes close to 100%.
  • the form contains about 15% calcium carbonate.
  • diluted carbon dioxide is injected into the air up to 10%.
  • the carbon dioxide is recovered from the boiler combustion fumes. Carbon dioxide essentially reformed sodium hydrogencarbonate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP20080020295 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Method of manufacturing a sheet of paper including a step of fixing a mineral charge to cellulose fibres Ceased EP2058434A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99402058A EP1076132B1 (de) 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Papierherstellungsverfahren mit Fixierung von Mineralfüllstoff auf cellulosischen Fasern

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99402058A Division EP1076132B1 (de) 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Papierherstellungsverfahren mit Fixierung von Mineralfüllstoff auf cellulosischen Fasern

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2058434A1 true EP2058434A1 (de) 2009-05-13

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99402058A Expired - Lifetime EP1076132B1 (de) 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Papierherstellungsverfahren mit Fixierung von Mineralfüllstoff auf cellulosischen Fasern
EP20080020295 Ceased EP2058434A1 (de) 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Method of manufacturing a sheet of paper including a step of fixing a mineral charge to cellulose fibres

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99402058A Expired - Lifetime EP1076132B1 (de) 1999-08-13 1999-08-13 Papierherstellungsverfahren mit Fixierung von Mineralfüllstoff auf cellulosischen Fasern

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6706148B1 (de)
EP (2) EP1076132B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE415518T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2381356C (de)
DE (1) DE69939978D1 (de)
DK (1) DK1076132T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2318885T3 (de)
NO (1) NO331185B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1076132E (de)
TR (1) TR200200375T2 (de)
WO (1) WO2001012899A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1158088A3 (de) * 2000-05-26 2003-01-22 Voith Paper Patent GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer Faserstoffsuspension
FI109483B (fi) * 2000-11-16 2002-08-15 Andritz Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto massan käsittelemiseksi täyteaineella
FR2821095B1 (fr) * 2001-02-16 2003-04-11 Arjo Wiggins Sa Procede d'obtention d'une feuille papetiere comportant de la calcite
DE10113998A1 (de) * 2001-03-22 2002-09-26 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Beladen von in einer Faserstoffsuspension enthaltenen Fasern mit einem Hilfsstoff
DE10120526A1 (de) * 2001-04-26 2002-10-31 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellstoff
FR2831565B1 (fr) * 2001-10-30 2004-03-12 Internat Paper Sa Nouvelle pate a papier mecanique blanchie et son procede de fabrication
FI20055380L (fi) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-02 M Real Oyj Menetelmä selluloosahiukkasten pinnoittamiseksi, pinnoitetut selluloosahiukkaset ja niiden käyttö paperin- ja kartonginvalmistuksessa
US7833339B2 (en) * 2006-04-18 2010-11-16 Franklin Industrial Minerals Mineral filler composition
JP4780461B2 (ja) 2006-07-18 2011-09-28 ヤマハ株式会社 電子鍵盤楽器の鍵盤構造
US8034203B2 (en) 2007-04-13 2011-10-11 United States Gypsum Company Gypsum wallboard with improved nail pull strength and the method for making same
DE102007019783A1 (de) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Beladen von Fasern einer Faserstoffsuspension mit Calciumcarbonat gebildet aus (Hydrogen)carbonatverbindungen
DE102007019784A1 (de) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Beladen von Fasern einer Faserstoffsuspension mit Calciumcarbonat gebildet aus Calciumhydrogencarbonatlösung
PT2093261E (pt) * 2007-11-02 2013-11-26 Omya Int Ag Utilização de um carbonato de cálcio reagido à superfície em papel de tecido, o processo para preparar um produto de papel de tecido de macieza melhorada e resultando em produtos de papel de tecido de macieza melhorada
FI123392B (fi) 2008-02-22 2013-03-28 Upm Kymmene Oyj Menetelmä kalsiumkarbonaatin saostamiseksi kuiturainaprosessin yhteydessä ja kuiturainakoneen lähestymisjärjestelmä
FI125836B (fi) 2013-04-26 2016-03-15 Wetend Tech Oy Menetelmä täyteaineen järjestämiseksi paperi- tai kartonkimassaan ja paperi tai kartonki
SE538770C2 (sv) * 2014-05-08 2016-11-15 Stora Enso Oyj Förfarande för framställning av ett termoplastiskt fiberkompositmaterial och en väv
US10711400B2 (en) * 2015-04-09 2020-07-14 Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University Carbon dioxide sorbents and structures, methods of use, and methods of making thereof
WO2018140251A1 (en) 2017-01-26 2018-08-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Treated fibers and fibrous structures comprising the same
WO2019197862A1 (en) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 Eldorado Brasil Celulose S.A. A process for manufacturing an improved web material by the in-situ measurement and adjustment of ion concentration
CN114318937A (zh) * 2020-09-27 2022-04-12 牡丹江市海洋新材料科技有限责任公司 可溶性硅酸盐、聚合氯化铝、絮凝剂在多领域组合使用的新方法
CN115491927B (zh) * 2022-09-28 2023-11-10 福建星城纸业有限公司 一种高强度拷贝纸及其生产方法

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US2583548A (en) 1948-03-17 1952-01-29 Vanderbilt Co R T Production of pigmented cellulosic pulp
US3029181A (en) 1959-05-18 1962-04-10 Alfred M Thomsen Method of increasing the opacity of cellulose fibers
US4510020A (en) 1980-06-12 1985-04-09 Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada Lumen-loaded paper pulp, its production and use
WO1990009483A1 (en) * 1989-02-13 1990-08-23 Mo Och Domsjö Aktiebolag Paper manufacturing process, and papers obtainable by means of that process
WO1991004138A1 (en) 1989-01-20 1991-04-04 Genmark Automation Dual end effector robotic arm
WO1992015754A1 (en) 1991-03-06 1992-09-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture A method for fiber loading a chemical compound
FR2689530B1 (fr) 1992-04-07 1996-12-13 Aussedat Rey Nouveau produit complexe a base de fibres et de charges, et procede de fabrication d'un tel nouveau produit.
US5665205A (en) * 1995-01-19 1997-09-09 International Paper Company Method for improving brightness and cleanliness of secondary fibers for paper and paperboard manufacture
US5679220A (en) * 1995-01-19 1997-10-21 International Paper Company Process for enhanced deposition and retention of particulate filler on papermaking fibers

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Patent Citations (9)

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US2583548A (en) 1948-03-17 1952-01-29 Vanderbilt Co R T Production of pigmented cellulosic pulp
US3029181A (en) 1959-05-18 1962-04-10 Alfred M Thomsen Method of increasing the opacity of cellulose fibers
US4510020A (en) 1980-06-12 1985-04-09 Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada Lumen-loaded paper pulp, its production and use
WO1991004138A1 (en) 1989-01-20 1991-04-04 Genmark Automation Dual end effector robotic arm
WO1990009483A1 (en) * 1989-02-13 1990-08-23 Mo Och Domsjö Aktiebolag Paper manufacturing process, and papers obtainable by means of that process
WO1992015754A1 (en) 1991-03-06 1992-09-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture A method for fiber loading a chemical compound
FR2689530B1 (fr) 1992-04-07 1996-12-13 Aussedat Rey Nouveau produit complexe a base de fibres et de charges, et procede de fabrication d'un tel nouveau produit.
US5665205A (en) * 1995-01-19 1997-09-09 International Paper Company Method for improving brightness and cleanliness of secondary fibers for paper and paperboard manufacture
US5679220A (en) * 1995-01-19 1997-10-21 International Paper Company Process for enhanced deposition and retention of particulate filler on papermaking fibers

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ANDREA STETTER: "Paper and Board, 5. Water Circuits", INTERNET CITATION, 15 January 2012 (2012-01-15), pages 1, XP002726065, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14356007.o18_o13/pdf> [retrieved on 20140620] *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1076132A1 (de) 2001-02-14
CA2381356A1 (fr) 2001-02-22
CA2381356C (fr) 2009-04-28
PT1076132E (pt) 2009-02-24
ES2318885T3 (es) 2009-05-01
EP1076132B1 (de) 2008-11-26
NO20020711L (no) 2002-04-15
US6706148B1 (en) 2004-03-16
WO2001012899A1 (fr) 2001-02-22
DE69939978D1 (de) 2009-01-08
NO20020711D0 (no) 2002-02-12
ATE415518T1 (de) 2008-12-15
TR200200375T2 (tr) 2002-08-21
NO331185B1 (no) 2011-10-24
DK1076132T3 (da) 2009-03-16

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