EP2050164B1 - Antenna arrangement, in particular for a mobile radio base station - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an antenna arrangement, in particular for a mobile radio base station, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such an antenna arrangement is known from EP 1 588 454 B1 known. According to this prior publication, the use of, for example, a vertically alignable antenna arrangement with a reflector is described on the vertical lateral boundary lines two transverse and in particular perpendicular to the reflector plane in the beam direction projecting side webs are formed, between which sit in the vertical direction superposed dual polarized radiator. Also according to this prior publication, the base of the support means and / or symmetrization of the associated radiator assembly is connected capacitively (ie without electrical-galvanic contact) with the interposition of a base or coupled thereto, for which the reflector has a recess in which the non- conductive base engages and anchored, in turn, the carrying device and / or balancing or the basis of the support means and / or symmetrization of the dual-polarized radiator stops. The laying of the inner conductor can be carried out as described in the aforementioned prior art.

Furthermore, from the DE 697 25 874 T2 As is known, a flat antenna having a ground plane layer capacitively coupled to a ground unit. Between these two layers, a dielectric layer is provided.

Antenna arrangements, in particular for a mobile radio base station, are also known for example from US Pat WO 00/039894 A1 known. In this Vorveröffentlichung a vertically alignable reflector is described, at its two vertically and mutually parallel outer side boundaries formed in a radiation direction and thus transverse to the reflector plane side web. Arranged one above the other in the vertical direction, a plurality of dipole arrangements which radiate in two planes of polarization oriented perpendicular to one another and which consist of so-called vector dipoles are provided. These vector dipoles are designed structurally similar to dipole squares. However, the supply is effected such that in spite of the horizontally or vertically-oriented dipoles, the dipole acts as a total X-polarized antenna, in which the two mutually perpendicular polarization planes at an angle of +45 and -45 ^{· ·} to the vertical and aligned horizontally.

From the WO 2005/060049 A1 It can be seen that the dual-polarized radiators sitting in front of a reflector, can be provided with a capacitive outer conductor coupling. In each half of the two rotated by 90 ^· to each other lying support means and / or baluns axial bores are introduced, in which protrude with the reflector electrically connected rod-shaped coupling elements 21, which are surrounded by cylindrical insulators, therefore perpendicular to the reflector plane on which the the a total of four axial bores can be placed by 90 ° twisted to each other arranged pairs of support halves of the dual-polarized radiator arrangement can be placed. Within two rod-shaped coupling elements, an inner conductor for feeding the two mutually perpendicular polarizations of the radiator arrangement can be laid from the rear side of the reflector forth.

Finally, antenna arrangements with reflectors are known, on whose longitudinal side areas, that is to say on their longitudinal or vertical side surfaces, longitudinal protrusions projecting forwardly from the reflector plane are provided, as is the case, for example, from the prior publications WO 99/62138 A1 . US 5,710,569 A or EP 0 916 169 B1 can be seen.

In an alternative embodiment according to this prior publication shows that instead of an electrically conductive reflector, usually in the form of a metal sheet, and a printed circuit board can be used, on which the reflector is constructed. In this case, the electrically conductive ground plane is preferably omitted on one side of the printed circuit board or the base is also provided with an insulation in this area.

Finally, it will be on the WO 01/41256 A1 referred to, which describes a patch antenna. This patch antenna is constructed on a dielectric printed circuit board provided with an electrically conductive layer on both sides. A cross-shaped recess is provided on the conductive layer lying in the beam direction, above which a radiator patch is arranged. According to a further variant, it is shown that parallel to the electrically conductive layer on the circuit board, a dipole running parallel to the electrically conductive layer can be formed.

In contrast, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved dipole-shaped antenna arrangement which includes possibilities for beam shaping, and this with a simple structure.

The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The invention provides an improved antenna arrangement that can be manufactured easily and with high accuracy with exactly predetermined radiation characteristics while avoiding potential sources of interference such as unwanted intermodulation.

In the prior art, it has hitherto been customary, as a rule, to use reflectors made of a metal sheet on which the radiator modules are constructed. Due to the between the lateral outer boundary of the reflector plane and the generally more centrally arranged radiators could at a suitable point the transverse to the reflector plane projecting longitudinal side boundaries in the form of longitudinal webs be formed, for example, could be adjusted between a vertical orientation to the reflector plane to an angular orientation so that a desired beam shaping was possible.

In contrast, if one wanted to use reflectors in the form of printed circuit boards (so-called PCBs), which were provided on a circuit board side with an electrically conductive ground surface, this has required that the webs required for the beam shaping are connected by means of screw or solder joints with the ground surface of the printed circuit board had to realize a clear galvanic connection here. However, this assembly work was not only costly, but always caused potential sources of intermodulation interference.

In contrast, it is now proposed, starting from a printed circuit board, which is preferably provided on the radiator side with an electrically conductive ground surface and an insulating layer located above, building on this a reflector frame, which is provided with a coupling surface parallel to the ground surface of the printed circuit board, said at this coupling surface then in turn, the desired and required for the diagram shaping longitudinal and / or transverse webs are formed. In other words, according to the invention, a capacitive reflector frame coupling is proposed, and this for a dipole radiator arrangement (preferably a dual polarized radiator arrangement), which makes it possible to capacitively couple the longitudinal and / or transverse webs required for the diagram formation with a ground plane seated on a printed circuit board ,

In a preferred embodiment, the inventively provided reflector frame of an electric consist of conductive metal, such as aluminum. In particular, such a reflector frame can be produced by any suitable manufacturing method, for example by a casting method, by deformation, milling, etc. It is also possible to produce such a reflector frame made of an electrically non-conductive material, such as plastic, which is coated with an electrically conductive layer ,

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the reflector frame is produced from a stamped part, in particular from a metal sheet, by means of a stamping / bending process. It is possible to produce by a suitable punching and subsequent edges of a metal sheet a corresponding three-dimensionally shaped reflector frame in which from the sheet metal level, the side boundaries or webs are placed by edges and aligning transversely to the reflector plane. At the same time offset to one another in the direction of attachment transverse webs may be provided, whereby the individual radiator or radiator groups are delimited from each other. These transverse webs can be installed by punching and edges or bending transversely and in particular perpendicular to the reflector plane.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, mutually projecting tongues are formed on the transverse webs so formed on the outside in the axial extension, which can engage in corresponding slot-shaped recesses of the longitudinal side boundaries, if the longitudinal side boundary has also been set in a corresponding transverse orientation to the reflector plane after punching and edging.

In the context of the invention, therefore, a capacitive coupling of the reflector frame is provided on a printed circuit board without galvanic connection between the reflector and printed circuit board ground plane. The invention is characterized by a stable intermodulation-free connection. Above all, a precisely defined coupling between the ground plane of the printed circuit board and the reflector frame can be ensured within the scope of the invention by a clearly defined distance and / or by a clearly predefinable size of the coupling surfaces.

Finally, a quick and easy installation within the scope of the invention is possible, whereby sources of error are reduced and, above all, eliminate solder joints on the reflector.

The fully assembled unit, consisting of the reflector frame and the printed circuit board, forms a self-supporting unit. The reflector frame can be connected to the board by any suitable means, for example by means of clips, by means of a double-sided adhesive tape, separate adhesive, etc.

Preferably, the ground surface is provided on the circuit board from home with a galvanic isolation to the reflector frame enabling insulating layer, for example in the form of a paint, in particular Lötstopplackes, a film or other plastic layer. If the reflector frame is glued by means of a double-sided adhesive tape, this is already an insulation and thus a galvanic separation between the electrically conductive reflector frame on the one hand and the ground surface on the printed circuit board on the other hand generated so that a separate insulating layer could even be dispensed with on the ground plane.

Figur 1:

eine schematische dreidimensionale Dar- stellung eines Grundtyps einer erfindungs- gemäßen Antenne mit einer dualpolarisier- ten Strahleranordnung;

Figur 2:

eine Explosionsdarstellung des Ausfüh- rungsbeispieles nach Figur 1;

Figur 3:

eine entsprechende Explosionsdarstellung für eine erfindungsgemäße Antennenanord- nung mit drei versetzt zueinander angeord- neten und dualpolarisierten Strahlern;

Figur 4:

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Reflektorrahmens für beispielsweise acht in Anbaurichtung ver- setzt zueinander angeordnete Strahlerein- richtungen; ;

Figur 5:

ein Metallblech als Ausgangspunkt für die Bildung eines anhand von Figur 4 gezeigten Reflektorrahmens unter Darstellung der Stanzlinien;

Figur 6:

eine Explosionsdarstellung der Antennen- anordnung zur Verwendung des anhand von Figur 4 und 5 beschriebenen Reflektorrah- mens;

Figur 7:

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung durch einen dualpolarisierten Strahler mit einem Teil der Reflektoranordnung zur Ver- deutlichung der Speisung des Strahlers; und

Figur 8

ein zu Figur 7 abgewandeltes Ausführungs- beispiel.

Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following with reference to figures explained embodiments. In detail:

FIG. 1:

a schematic three-dimensional representation of a basic type of an inventive antenna with a dual polarized radiator arrangement;

FIG. 2:

an exploded view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3:

a corresponding exploded view of an antenna arrangement according to the invention with three mutually offset and dual polarized emitters;

FIG. 4:

a further embodiment of a reflector frame according to the invention for example, eight arranged in the mounting direction mutually radiating devices; ;

FIG. 5:

a sheet of metal as a starting point for the formation of a basis of FIG. 4 shown reflector frame showing the punching lines;

FIG. 6:

an exploded view of the antenna arrangement for use of the basis of FIG. 4 and 5 described reflector frame mens;

FIG. 7:

a schematic cross-sectional view through a dual-polarized radiator with a part of the reflector assembly to clarify the power of the radiator; and

FIG. 8

one too FIG. 7 modified exemplary embodiment.

In FIG. 1 shows the basic type of antenna arrangement according to the invention, as it can be used for example for a mobile radio base station. The antenna arrangement comprises a reflector arrangement 1, in front of which a dual-polarized emitter or a dual-polarized emitter arrangement 3 is provided. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this is a vector dipole which radiates in two mutually perpendicular planes of polarization P, which are perpendicular to the reflector plane and extend virtually diagonally through the corners of the emitter array which is formed quadratically in plan view. With respect to the structure and operation of such a type of radiator, for example, the WO 00/039894 A1 directed.

The in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown dual-polarized radiator has two pairs of 90 ° mutually offset radiator halves 3a, which are each held by a support means located underneath and / or symmetry 21. In the support device and / or balancing 21 is in principle by two 90 ° offset to each other support means and / or symmetries (namely for each polarization), including in the support means 21 (wherein the balancing is part of this support means) extending from top to bottom and the radiator halves 3a separating slots 21b are provided which terminate short of the bottom all-connecting base 21a.

As in particular from the exploded view according to FIG. 2 results, the overall structure of the antenna assembly is such that it comprises a printed circuit board 5, namely a so-called "printed circuit board" (PCB) which preferably on the side facing the radiator side 5a, the so-called radiator or mass surface side 5a, with a preferably full-surface electrically conductive ground surface 7 is provided. On the opposite track level 5b (ie on the zu FIG. 1 and 2 Unillustrated underside of the printed circuit board 5) then the electrical components and the interconnecting the electrical components interconnects are provided.

Usually, the ground surface 7 with an in FIG. 2 Covered only in the left area indicated insulating layer 8, for example in the form of a plastic or film layer, a lacquer layer, for example in the form of a so-called Lötstoplackschicht etc.

Building on this is an in FIG. 2 separately reproduced arrangement 11 shown, which is also referred to below as a reflector frame 11. This reflector frame 11 comprises a coupling surface 13, which runs parallel to the ground surface 7 in the final mounted state. This coupling surface 13 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with perpendicular to the coupling surface 13 extending longitudinal webs 15 and transverse webs 17, which in the illustrated embodiment are formed and / or provided on the outer boundaries of the reflector frame 11, but may also be offset further inwards on the outer boundaries of the reflector frame 11, so that a portion of the reflector projecting beyond the webs 15, 17 remains. These longitudinal and transverse webs 15, 17 are also connected to each other at the corner regions 19. The longitudinal or transverse webs shown need not necessarily be aligned perpendicular to the reflector surface 13. Some of these webs may also extend in a direction deviating from a 90 ° angle to the reflector surface, for example, diverging in the beam direction or inclined towards one another or rather to the left or to the right, etc. In principle, there are no restrictions.

Preferably, the reflector frame 11 is an electrically conductive material, for example a metal casting (aluminum but also other materials come into consideration for this purpose). It may also be a plastic part, which is then metallized, that has been coated with a metallic conductive surface. In particular, in the production of the reflector frame 11 made of metal, other manufacturing methods come into consideration, for example, a production of the reflector frame by deep drawing, milling or the like.

From the illustration according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is also apparent that the coupling surface 13 is provided with a recess 13 a, which is dimensioned in the illustrated embodiment in the longitudinal and transverse directions so large that the in FIG. 1 and 2 shown dual polarized radiator 3 also with its radiator elements 3a through this recess 13a passes through.

For mounting the antenna arrangement, for example, the radiator assembly 3 is first mounted on the printed circuit board 5, i. in particular mechanically fixed, for example by fixing a screw to be screwed in from the back side of the printed circuit board or by other clip-type fastening elements, wherein the support means and / or balancing 21, via which the radiator elements 3a of the dual-polarized radiator 3 are held, capacitively with the underlying ground surface 7 of the printed circuit board 5 is coupled. Also, the reflector frame 11 could be connected to the printed circuit board, for example, by the above-explained or other suitable mechanical measures.

Since the printed circuit board 5, i. the ground surface 7 provided thereon is covered by an insulating layer 8 (for example in the form of a lacquer layer), between the underside of the support device and / or balancing 21 (ie between the electrically conductive base 21a of the radiator arrangement 3 and the ground surface 7) and between the electrical conductive coupling surface 13 and the ground surface 7 generates a capacitive coupling, that is a DC or galvanic connection of these parts safely avoided. In other words, the paint layer applied on the ground surface would be completely sufficient as an insulator, so that a further insulating layer is not necessary for achieving the capacitive coupling.

Preferably, however, the reflector frame 11 is fixed by means of a double-sided adhesive film 9 on the upper side of the printed circuit board 5, wherein the adhesive film 9 is provided with a window-like cutout 9 ', the size and positioning of the cutout 13a in the coupling surface 13 of the reflector frame 11 corresponds or is approximated. Since usually the insulating layer 8 is always provided in the form of a lacquer layer on the ground surface 7, said insulating mainly serves as a corrosion protection for the common copper existing ground surface, said double-sided adhesive film would be glued to this insulating or lacquer layer 8. In such a case, however, the ground surface 7 could be equipped without insulating layer 8.

The adhesive tape 9 may have the mentioned recess 9 ', since it is irrelevant to the electrical functions whether the radiator device in the form of the so-called vector dipole is additionally held by means of the aforementioned adhesive tape 9 with respect to the ground surface 7 or the printed circuit board 5. The capacitive coupling of the dipole (here via the lower base 21a) to the ground surface 7 takes place with the same regularities as with respect to the reflector frame 11, so that the distance can also vary to a certain extent (for example 0.5 mm). Therefore, the adhesive film 9 could also be consistently without window 9 'designed, but this would have certain disadvantages in the inner conductor mounting for the radiator assembly 3, since here in the radiator device to be laid inner conductor would have to be inserted through the tape. Therefore, the window-shaped recess 9 'is preferably provided in the adhesive tape 9. The spotlight is mounted by means of independent fixing measures on the printed circuit board while maintaining the capacitive coupling.

If the insulating layer 8 on the ground surface 7 is also provided with a window, so that in the region of this window, the insulating layer 8 is omitted (where this area, where the insulating layer 8 on the ground surface is omitted, comparable to the size and / or arrangement of the other window 9 'with respect to the double-sided adhesive device 9 and / or the recess 13a in the coupling surface 13 may correspond) would be in this area, the ground surface 7 "blank". In this case, the base 21a, that is to say the underside of the carrying device and / or balancing 21, could also be contacted galvanically with the ground surface 7. In the board holes and aligned axial bores in the base 21a of the support means and / or balancing 21 of the radiator arrangements are formed to lead here from the back of the circuit board each serving a serving inner conductor upwards and over a bridge portion with each diagonally opposite second half 3a of the overhead radiator device 3 galvanic or as in the example WO 2005/060049 A1 described inductively couple. It is therefore also referred to in this regard with respect to the operation of the aforementioned prior publication.

After the pre-assembly, the reflector frame 11 is then placed from above, in which case the radiator assembly 3 is passed through the recess 13a of the coupling surface 13 and through the recess 9 'in the double-sided adhesive device 9.

In order to ensure a firm connection between the coupling surface 13, that is to say a fixed connection between the reflector frame 11 and the printed circuit board, all conceivable connection methods can be considered. Thus, for example, an adhesive can be applied to the upper side of the printed circuit board (that is to say the ground surface or the insulating layer 8 covering the ground surface) and / or on the underside of the coupling surface 13. Possible are but also clip-shaped parts that engage in touchdown and realize a catch.

Preferably, however, the above-mentioned double-sided adhesive tape 9 is used, whereby a fixed predetermined distance between the coupling surface 13 and the ground surface 7 ensures and at the same time a mechanically strong connection is realized. By such a connection, the reflector frame 11 with the printed circuit board 5 is a firmly connected self-supporting unit.

As a result, a capacitive coupling is ensured, which ensures the desired capacitive coupling of the ground plane for the longitudinal and / or transverse webs 15, 17.

If the longitudinal and transverse webs 15, 17 are not fixedly connected to one another in their corner regions 19, these webs can be bent toward one another or away from one another, in particular when the reflector frame is made of a sheet metal, whereby the radiation pattern of the antenna can be changed and / or adjusted in the desired frame.

Based on FIG. 3 only one extension is reproduced in such a way, according to which the corresponding antenna arrangement may also comprise a plurality of juxtaposed or superimposed in the mounting direction emitter assemblies 3, wherein such an antenna assembly with the plurality of emitters is usually placed in the vertical direction, so that the plurality of emitter assemblies arranged in a vertical plane spaced above each other are. The reflector frame can be one of the number of radiator arrangement corresponding number of reflector fields 25 include. The size of the antenna arrangement is as far as possible expandable. Preferably, in this case, the double-sided adhesive tape 9 is formed as a correspondingly extended film, which is provided with three recesses 9 ', which correspond to the three recesses or windows 13a in three reflector fields 25 of the reflector frame 11 thus formed. By incorporated in the printed circuit board bore 26 can, similarly as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 , From below by screwing a screw into the base 21a of the support means and / or symmetrization 21 of the radiator device 13, the respective radiator device are fixed, preferably an electrically non-conductive screw is used, especially if the base of the support device and / or symmetrization of the radiator device 3 capacitively coupled to the ground plane 7 of the printed circuit board 5.

Based on FIGS. 4 to 6 For example, a reflector frame for eight emitter assemblies or groups of emitters is shown, which, when the antenna assembly and thus the reflector frame are placed in the vertical direction, two continuous and vertically extending longitudinal webs 15 and a total of eight reflector fields 25 nine transverse webs 17 includes. It is based on the FIGS. 4 to 6 also shown that this reflector frame 11 may be made for example of a metal sheet, so from a sheet material by punching and edges or bending.

From the area settlement according to FIG. 5 It can be seen that not only a recess 13a is punched out of the material, but that by transversely and laterally Punch sections 27 ultimately the material of the transverse webs 17 is punched out with.

After punching process accordingly FIG. 5 can then be located in a plane longitudinal and transverse webs are preferably bent by 90 °, the transverse webs 17 each along the Kantlinien 17a by preferably 90 ° to the plane of the coupling surfaces 13 are placed. The two longitudinal webs 15 are placed along the Kantlinien 15a by 90 °.

Like from the FIGS. 4 to 6 Also, it can be seen, the punching has been made so that at the side edges 17b of the transverse webs 17 each one of the crossbar 17 in the plane projecting tongue 17c is formed. At the appropriate place a slot-shaped recess 15b is punched out in the finally produced reflector frame on the two side webs 15, so that at finally mounted reflector frame then the tongues 17c of the transverse webs 17 engage in the slot-shaped recesses 15b of the longitudinal webs 15, as from FIG. 4 or 6 can be seen. As a result, the transverse webs 17 are mechanically held firmly in position and anchored.

Otherwise, the reflector frame 11 thus formed is formed in the manner described, optionally with separate interposition of an insulating layer or film 9 on the mass surface 7, i. finally placed on the printed circuit board 5 and fixed in a suitable manner to this, as described preferably with the interposition of a double-sided adhesive tape. 9

From the illustration, it can be seen that in this embodiment, the window-like recess 13a not only square, but on the other hand is made larger, since after unfolding the transverse webs 17 then a corresponding rectangular portion is removed from the coupling surface. Therefore, in this case, the recess 13a is T-shaped. Only in the representation according to FIG. 5 the recess is still square at the upper right edge, since in this embodiment, the rightmost transverse web 27 is erected over a bending edge 17a which is on the left-hand side, thus no further material section is removed from the coupling surface region.

at FIG. 6 is contrary to FIGS. 4 and 5 only indicated as a variant that there the lateral portions of the coupling surfaces 13 may be designed differently wide, depending on how wide the reflector assembly formed by the ground surface should be in total. Finally, it is noted that, for example, the transverse webs 17 need not be provided at right angles to the bending edge 17a extending side edges 17b, but that here the punching lines can also be inclined so that in the erected state, for example, the two longitudinal webs not perpendicular to the reflector plane, but in Beam direction, for example, divergent (or converging) can be aligned.

For completeness, it is again emphasized that in the circuit board in the center of the radiator assembly 3 is provided in each case a recess 26, about which, for example, from the rear side of the circuit board 5 a screw (in capacitive coupling a plastic screw) in the base 21 a of the support device and / or Symmetrization 21 can be screwed to mechanically fix the radiator assembly 3. In addition, are four reduced holes 31 can be seen, about which ultimately the supply of an inner conductor for feeding the dual-polarized radiator arrangement can be performed.

Based on FIGS. 7 and 8th is indicated only in a schematic section through a corresponding radiator arrangement, as a supply of a dual-polarized or in a similar manner also a simple polarized radiator 3 can be done.

The feeding is usually carried out by means of a coaxial cable which extends from the underside of the reflector through an axial bore 103 leading to the plane of the actual dipole and / or radiator halves 3a in the carrying device or symmetrization 21. At the upper end of this axial bore in the amount of the dipole and / or radiator halves 3a then the coaxial cable is stripped so that the outer conductor, which is isolated in the axial bore 103 relative to the supporting and / or balancing 21, exposed and in the upper region then For example, by means of a solder 201 to the inner end of an associated dipole or radiator half 3a is electrically / galvanically connected. In FIG. 5 is shown in the drawings essentially only the inner conductor 101b. The coaxial cable would thus be laid through the axial bore 103 from below upwards, the outer conductor, as mentioned, then at the upper end of the support means 21 via the solder 201 with the associated dipole or radiator half 3a is electrically-galvanically connected. Up to this point, the outer conductor is insulated from the support device 21.

Alternatively or preferred, however, would be a coaxial feed cable be connected so that the outer conductor at the lower end of the bore 103, for example, at a soldering point 201 'and the inner conductor 101b held only by an insulator and separated in the bore 103 is guided upwards. The bore in the support device thus acts as an outer conductor, which surrounds the inner conductor 101b, so that quasi a coaxial feed line is formed, via which the dipole and / or radiator halves, which are connected electrically conductive to the carrier device usually as a common component are to be fed.

If the supply of a dipole half (which is not fed via the inner conductor) not by an electrically-galvanic coupling, for example in the region of the bore of the support device, but for example by soldering an outer conductor of a coaxial cable, the corresponding supply can also be effected capacitively, for example by a capacitive coupling between the base of the support and the ground or reflector surface. Usually, therefore, the associated feed line, usually the outer conductor of a coaxial cable, connected in an area below the support means, which is preferably perpendicular to the reflector in plan view in that area below the dipole or radiator half, which is fed thereto.

The inner conductor 101b usually connected to the inner conductor of a coaxial cable is generally angled approximately at the level of the dipole and / or radiator halves 3a by 90 ° or approximately 90 ° and leads to the adjacent inner end of the associated second dipole and / or radiator half 3a and is usually contacted there electrically by means of soldering 203.

In the case of a dual-polarized radiator, the feed of the dipole and / or radiator halves 3a offset by 90 ° takes place correspondingly, the second inner conductor extending crosswise to the first inner conductor 101b being arranged on another plane, so that the two inner conductors in the Do not touch the center, but pass each other.

In a simply polarized radiator with only one plane of polarization, only one feeder, also referred to as an inner conductor, is needed.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8 It is shown that the end 101b 'of the inner conductor 101b ends freely in a further axial bore 103, wherein this further axial bore 103 is provided in the supporting and / or balancing device 21. In this case, the freely ending end portion of the inner conductor 101b is guided downward over a certain axial length in this further bore 103 and held in the bore 103 via an insulator 203 (similar to the corresponding insulator 203 for fixing the inner conductor 101b in the other axial bore 103). , whereby a capacitive or serial coupling with respect to the second dipole and / or radiator half 3a 'is accomplished here.

Other feeds are also possible.

Only for the sake of completeness it is mentioned that for example from the FIGS. 7 and 8th It can also be seen that here the slots 123 extend to the lower level or base 121 of the carrying and / or balancing device 21. The height of this supporting and / or balancing device 21 or the slots 123 should preferably be in a range of about 1/8 to 3/8 of a wavelength from the relevant to be transmitted or to be received operating frequency band, preferably the height should therefore 1/8 to 3/8 relative to the average wavelength λ of the transmitted or to be received frequency band, so preferably by about 1/4 λ. In general, therefore, the radiator height relative to the reflector, ie with respect to the ground or reflector surface should not fall below a value of λ / 10, with a restriction upwards basically does not exist, so that the radiator height could even be an arbitrary multiple of λ. The slots 123 can then be adjusted in length accordingly.

Claims (22)

1. Antenna arrangement, comprising the following features:

   - with at least one radiator assembly (3), which comprises a dipole radiator with a supporting mechanism (21),

   - with a reflector arrangement,

   - the reflector arrangement comprises an electrically conductive reflector surface,

   - the reflector arrangement comprises at least one electrically conductive longitudinal web (15) or at least one electrically conductive transverse web (17),

   - the reflector arrangement comprises a printed circuit board (5),

   - the printed circuit board (5) comprises a printed circuit board side (5a) on which an electrically conductive ground plane (7) is provided,

   - the reflector arrangement also comprises a reflector frame (11),

   - the reflector frame (11) comprises a coupling surface (13) that runs parallel to the printed circuit board (5) or the ground plane (7),

   - the coupling surface (13) is capacitively coupled to the ground plane (7),

   - the coupling surface (13) is mechanically and electrically-galvanically connected to the at least one longitudinal web (15) or to the at least one transverse web (17),

   - the coupling surface (13) comprises a recess (13a) via which the ground plane (7), which is located underneath it, the printed circuit board (5) or an insulating layer (8), which is provided above the ground plane (7) or above the printed circuit board (5), is not covered,

   - the at least one radiator assembly (3) is positioned or held on the printed circuit board (5) in the region of the recess (13a), and

   - the radiator assembly (3) is formed from a vector dipole, which is held by a supporting mechanism and/or balancing means (21) located underneath it.
2. Antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) comprises at least two longitudinal webs (15) and/or at least two transverse webs (17).
3. Antenna arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the at least one longitudinal web (15) and/or the at least one transverse web (17) is constructed with the coupling surface (13) as a one-piece metal part.
4. Antenna arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that the at least one longitudinal web (15) and/or the at least one transverse web (17) is bent on a bending line (15a, 17a) with respect to the coupling surface (13) in a different angular direction with respect to the coupling surface (13).
5. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) consists of a cast part, deep-drawn part, punched part and/or a milled part.
6. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the reflector or reflector frame (11) is made from an insulating material or plastics material and is covered with an electrically conductive layer.
7. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) is connected to the printed circuit board (5) by mechanical connecting means.
8. Antenna arrangement according to claim 7, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) is securely connected to the printed circuit board (5) by means of a clip and/or latching and/or snap-fit mechanism.
9. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) is glued to the printed circuit board (5).
10. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) is securely connected to the printed circuit board (5) by using a double-sided adhesive tape and/or a double-sided adhesive film or the like.
11. Antenna arrangement according to claim 10, characterised in that the adhesive tape (9) or the adhesive film (9) has a recess, of which the size and/or position matches at least the size and/or position of a corresponding recess (13a), or is smaller.
12. Antenna arrangement according to claim 10, characterised in that the adhesive tape (9) or the adhesive film (9) is provided between the underside of the coupling surface (13) and the ground plane (7) or an insulating layer that covers the ground plane (7) and furthermore in the region of the recess (13a) in the coupling surface (13).
13. Antenna arrangement according to claim 12, characterised in that the adhesive tape (9) or the adhesive film (9) is provided on the printed circuit board (5) between the underside of the coupling surface (13) and the ground plane (7) or an insulating layer that covers the ground plane (7) and furthermore in the region of the recess (13a) and in the region between the base (21a) of the supporting mechanism and/or balancing means (21) of the radiator assembly (3) and the ground plane (7).
14. Antenna arrangement according to claim 1 to 13, characterised in that the radiator assembly (3) is capacitively coupled to the ground plane (7) on the printed circuit board (5) by its associated base (21a) of a supporting mechanism and/or balancing means (21).
15. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the radiator assembly (3) is d.c.-, i.e. galvanically, connected to the ground plane (7) on the printed circuit board (5) by its base (21a) of a supporting and/or balancing means (21).
16. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the reflector frame (11) is produced from a metal sheet by punching and canting or bending.
17. Antenna arrangement according to claim 16, characterised in that the transverse webs (17) are punched from a common sheet metal part and are securely connected to the coupling surface (13) via a respectively associated bending line (17a).
18. Antenna arrangement according to claim 16 or 17, characterised in that the longitudinal webs (15) are connected to the coupling surface (13) via a bending line (15a).
19. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterised in that at their lateral limiting edges the transverse webs (17) are provided with lugs and/or tongues (17c) that laterally protrude in the plane of the lateral webs and which in the assembled state project into recesses (15b) in the longitudinal webs (15) with orientation of the transverse webs (17) pointing away from the reflector surface.
20. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterised in that one radiator assembly (3) per recess (13a) is arranged in a coupling surface (13).
21. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the supporting mechanism (21) of the dipole radiator comprises a balancing means (21).
22. Antenna arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterised in that the at least one radiator assembly (3) consists of a dual-polarised dipole radiator using a supporting mechanism (21).

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