EP2093837B1 - Antenna - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an antenna, in particular for the reception of television, radio and / or data signals according to the preamble of claim 1.

There are different antennas known, for example, the subject of Spanish patents 200002389 . 200002388 . 200002387 and 200002386 and the European patent application EP 1 199771 the applicant for which the priority of the aforementioned Spanish patents has been claimed. These antennas have a dipole, which consists of two parts, each part being designed in the form of a "U".

Out WO 01/63697 is an antenna with a dipole known, consisting of two parts, each having the shape of a hexagon.

The antennas currently on the market are designed to receive analog and / or digital signals. With the implementation of the high definition television, antennas with characteristics corresponding to the new television signals are needed.

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an antenna having properties that correspond to the new types of digital signal high definition.

This object is achieved by an antenna as defined in the claims.

The invention has a plurality of advantages.

The antenna, in particular for receiving television, radio and / or data signals, has at least one dipole consisting of two parts, each part having a first profile in the form of a "U" with an open section and a second profile (FIG. 133) in the form of a "V" having an open portion. Both profiles are with their open Sections arranged to each other; they are galvanically connected and they lie on top of each other.

This provides the advantage of increasing the surface area of the dipole radiation and thereby reducing the size of the dipole, thus allowing for a more compact antenna. At the same time, the advantage is achieved that the dipoles are made mechanically more robust compared to the dipoles of the prior art mentioned at the beginning.

A further advantageous embodiment of the antenna is characterized in that the open section of the first profile has a first separation distance between its U-legs, that the open section of the second profile has a second separation distance between its V-legs at its upper boundary, and first separation distance is equal to or different from the second separation distance.
This advantageously makes it possible to design dipoles of different dimensions for different frequency ranges, radioelectric properties, gain, bandwidth impedance and mechanical properties

A further advantageous embodiment of the antenna is characterized in that the first separation distance of the first profile is greater than the second separation distance of the second profile and that the second profile is arranged in the interior of the first profile.
This makes it possible in an advantageous manner to offer an optimum combination of electrical and mechanical properties for common applications (eg in the domestic field).

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the second separation distance of the second profile is greater than the first separation distance of the first profile and that the first profile is arranged in the interior of the second profile.
This advantageously makes it possible to offer an optimum combination of electrical and mechanical properties for special applications in specific frequency ranges.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the dipole consists of a planar profile or is formed in more than one plane.
This allows design freedom in the design of different types of dipoles with different mechanical and electrical properties.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the parts which form the dipole are identical.
This provides the advantage that the preparation of the dipoles according to the invention is facilitated and cheapened.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that that the dipole forms part of an assembly consisting of the dipole, a box containing an impedance matching circuit and / or an amplifying circuit, and a support member.
This unit can be advantageously designed as an exchangeable module.

A further advantageous embodiment of the antenna is characterized in that
that the box has a connector for a direct or indirect connection to a television, radio and / or data receiving system.
The connector provides a mechanically strong connection for a coaxial cable while avoiding coaxial cable movement in the connection area that could result from an alternative connection of the cable to a circuit board.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the connection box and the connection plug are integrally formed. This minimizes the likelihood of breakage or mechanical failure of the connector.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the box is shielded. Thus, a circuit arranged in the box and connections to the dipole are shielded against electromagnetic interference in an advantageous manner.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Antenne gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht des vorderen und hinteren Radoms der Antenne gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 3

Einheiten des Dipols der Antenne gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 4

einen Verbindungskasten und ein Stützteil dieses Verbindungskastens gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 5

ein Schema einer Schaltungsanordnung einer Impedanzanpassungsschaltung und einer elektrischen Verstärkungsschaltung,

An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the figures. It shows:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of the antenna according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a perspective view of the front and rear radome of the antenna according to the invention;

FIG. 3

Units of the dipole of the antenna according to the invention;

FIG. 4

a connection box and a support part of this connection box according to the invention;

FIG. 5

1 is a diagram of a circuit arrangement of an impedance matching circuit and an electrical amplification circuit,

How out FIG. 1 can be seen, the antenna has a three-bar arrangement; these are a central main rod 1, two secondary rods, an upper secondary rod 2 and a lower secondary rod 3. These rods 1, 2 and 3 preferably have different lengths. The three rods 1,2, 3 are in one plane (coplanar) arranged, in particular they are arranged in exactly one vertical plane. The secondary rods 2, 3 are angled relative to the main rod 1, the rods 2, 3 diverge with respect to the main rod 1 at one of its ends ("first end") while converging at its opposite end ("second end") ,

The upper secondary rod 2 and the main rod 1 form a first angle A1, while the lower secondary rod 3 and the main rod 1 form a second angle A2. The angles A1, A2 define the direction of maximum radiation of the antenna in the vertical plane. Preferably, the angles A1, A2 are the same and are in the range between 2 ° and 75 °; in a preferred embodiment, in FIG. 1 is shown, the angles A1 and A2 each have about 6.4 °.

At the second diverging end of the secondary rods, in this embodiment, the upper secondary rod projects longitudinally beyond the main rod and the lower secondary rod 3 is shortened longitudinally with respect to the main rod 1, thus providing an antenna in a stepped structure. In particular, the upper secondary rod has a length of 743 millimeters, while the lower secondary rod has a length of 563 millimeters, and the main rod has a length of 653 millimeters (length between "first end" and "second end" at radome 4 where the rods 1, 2, 3 are fixed), wherein the main rod 1 can extend over the "second end" to a mast 17 and, for example, can have a total length of 1020 millimeters. Relative to the fixing point (Radom 4) of the rods, the main rod has a length which is between the (longest) length of one of the secondary rods and the (shortest) length of the other secondary rod.

The three rods 1, 2, 3 consist in particular of tubes, preferably of aluminum. At the second end or near the divergent second end of the three rods 1,2 and 3 they pass through a front wheel 5 serving as a fastener of the rods 1, 2, 3 and at the converging ("second") end become the rods 1, 2, 3 introduced into a second radome 4. The fastener 5 has the shape of a box and fixes the positioning of the rods 1,2,3 with each other.

The fastening element 5 encloses at least part of the rods 1, 2, 3. The second radome 4 encloses a part of the main rod 1 at the second end, on which a support part 8 is mounted, on which a reflector 6 is arranged.

These rods 1, 2 and 3 have a plurality of like element bars 7 mounted along the structure in a direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the bars. The element rods 7 form director elements 71, which are in particular equally spaced and each have a spacing of 90 millimeters, and at least one parasitic element 72 ("parasitic element") of the antenna. The director elements 71 of the rods 1, 2 3 can be arranged in the same vertical planes.

The purpose of the director elements 71 is to direct the received signal to the active element of the antenna (dipole). The parasitic element 72 increases the bandwidth of the active element (dipole) and consequently of the antenna. In this non-limiting example of the invention, the upper secondary rod 2 has a larger number of director elements 71, while the lower secondary rod 3 has a smaller number of director elements 71. In particular, the upper secondary rod has nine director elements, the main rod eight and the lower secondary rod seven director elements.

The rods 1, 2 and 3 are connected at their converging ("second") end by means of a second radome 4 and between converging ("second") and divergent ("first") ends by means of a first radome or fastener 5.

The fastening element 5 encloses at least one director element 71 of at least one rod 1, 2, 3 and in particular a director element 71 of each rod 1, 2 and 3.

At the in FIG. 1 2, 3, which are enclosed by the fixing element 5, are arranged substantially in the same vertical plane.

The reflector 6 consists of two panels 9 and 10 of rods 11, wherein the panels 9 and 10 are arranged in an angled position with respect to the main rod 1 on the support member 8. These rods 11 have at their ends edges 12 which hold the rods. These rods 11 pass through bars 111 which secure the reflector to the support member 8.

In the second radome 4, there is disposed a dipole 13 and a junction box 14 accommodating a resistance matching circuit 15 and an amplifying circuit 16 (see FIG. FIG. 4 ).

The antenna is fixed to a vertical mast 17 by means of an auxiliary shutter 18 and at the second (converging) end of the rods 1, 2, 3.

How out FIG. 2 can be seen, the antenna 2, a second radome 4 and a first radome 5, wherein the second radome 4 is formed by two circumferential covers 41 and 42 in trapezoidal shape, which the rods 1, 2 and 3 of the antenna structure by means of openings 43 in enclose their front part. The cover 41 has through holes 45 which correspond with pins 46 in the other cover 42. These pins take on screws for closing the covers 41, 42. The covers 41 and 42 have openings 47 for apertured pins 48 through which the element rods 7 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) belonging to the sections of bars 1, 2 and 3.

Likewise, the second radome 4 has a recess 49 in its lower region, in which the arrangement of dipole 13, connection box 14 and support member 19 is seated ( FIG. 4 ). The second radome 4 has pins 491 for anchoring this arrangement.

The first radome 5 consists of two covers 51 and 52 which surround the bars 1, 2 and 3 of the structure by means of openings 53 in their front part by means of openings 53 and by means of openings 54 in their rear part. The cover 51 has through holes 55 corresponding to screw 56 in the other cover 52. These pins 56 receive screws for closing the covers 51 and 52. The covers 51 and 52 have openings 57 for apertured pins 58 through which the director elements 71 (FIG. FIG. 1 ), which belong to the sections of the rods 1, 2 and 3, pass through the first radome 5.

FIG. 3 shows in detail the dipole 13, which consists of two identical parts 131. Each part 131 consists of a first profile 132 in "U" shape with an open portion (open top "U") and a second profile 133 in 'V' shape with an open portion (open top "V"), wherein the two profiles 132, 133 are arranged with their open sections to each other.

The open portion of the first profile 132 has a first separation distance between the legs of the "U" while the opened portion of the second profile 133 has a second separation distance at the top of the angled V-legs. Preferably, the first separation distance is greater than the second separation distance, so that the second profile 133 is integrated into the first profile 132.

In principle, however, the second separation distance may also be greater than or equal to the first separation distance, wherein the first profile 132 is integrated into the second profile 133.

Each of the parts 131 is made of an electrically conductive plate by cutting and embossing in such a manner that the part 131 forms the profile 133 and the profile 132 in the configuration described above. Thus, both profiles 132 and 133 are electrically connected.

The dipole 13 consists of a planar profile, that is flat, alternatively here is the dipole or formed in more than one plane.

Preferably, the parts 131 forming the dipole are identical.

The dipole 13 is part of an arrangement consisting of the dipole 13, a box 14, an impedance matching circuit 15 and / or an amplifier circuit 16, and the support member 19.

How out FIG. 4 can be seen, the junction box 14 is connected to a support member 19 and integrated into this. The box 14 consists of a cuboid body (base) 141 and a cover 142, which are joined together by pressing to close. The base 141 has in its interior pin 143, on which a circuit board of an electronic circuit 15, 16 (FIG. FIG. 5 ) is arranged. Likewise, the base 141 has openings 144 corresponding to pins 191 disposed in the support member 19. These pins 191 have internal openings into which a connecting piece 196 is introduced which establishes the electrical connection between the dipole 13 and the circuit 15, 16 which is arranged in the connection box 14, the pins also being the fixing connection box with the support part 19 serves.

The junction box 14 has a connector connector 145 for direct or indirect connection to a television, radio and / or data receiver. The connector 145 constitutes the connecting element of the antenna. The box 14 and the connector 145 are integrally formed. The box is electrically shielded (electrically conductive housing connected to ground).

The cover 142 has on its side walls elements, in particular closure elements 146, which make a galvanic contact with the main rod 1, as soon as the arrangement dipole 13, connection box 14 and support member 19 are installed in the recess 49 of the second radome 4. This galvanic contact establishes the junction of the junction box with ground, thereby improving its shielding.

How out FIG. 4 it can be seen, consists of the support member 19 of the junction box 14 of a crucible-shaped edge with side walls, which merge into arms 193, which extend laterally. In the interior of the cup-shaped part pins 191 are provided for receiving the box 14 and an opening 194 through which the connector 145 of the junction box 14 is guided. The crucible-shaped part 192 has in its side walls openings 195, in the pin 491 of the rear wheel 4 ( FIG. 2 protrude) to anchor the support member 19 with the rear wheel 4.

The crucible-shaped part 192 merges into arms 193, in each of which a part 131 is arranged, two parts 131 forming the dipole 13 ( FIG. 3 ). The parts 131 have openings 137 into which the pins 197 are inserted for attachment of these parts with the arms 193 of the support member 19.

The arrangement of dipole 13, junction box 14, support member 19 is disposed in the recess 49 of the rear wheel 4, this Hinterradom 4 is fastened by means of bolts 491 and the openings 195 of the support member 19.

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary circuit diagram of the electronic impedance matching circuit 15 and the electronic amplification circuit 16, these circuits also being the subject of the European patent application 1 199 771 are. In connection with the antenna according to the invention, however, it is provided that both circuits are implemented in a technology that distributes the circuit over several boards and arranges them one above the other (tecnologia multicapa). In addition, the invention provides that coils are realized in printed form. Overall, the space required for the circuits is minimized and the reliability of the circuits is improved.

The matching circuit consists of the printed line J1.

The amplification circuit consists of a high-pass filter, consisting of capacitors C1 and C2 and coils L2 and L3, a low-pass filter, consisting of the capacitors C15 and C16 and coils L4, L5 and L6, a gain stage consisting of a transistor T1 and a Polarization circuit consisting resistors R1, R2, R3, R6, R17 and R18, capacitors C3, C4, C8 and C12 and coils L1 and CH1, an output filter formed by capacitors C10 and C14 and a coil L9. Likewise, the amplifier consists of a pass circuit, a block circuit and a current control circuit.

The pass circuit allows the input signal to pass through to the output of the circuit when no power is applied, and is composed of the varicap diode D5, diodes D1 and D2, capacitors C7 and C9, and resistors R5, R8, R15 and R16 as well as printed conductors L7 and L8.

The blocking circuit, in the event that there is no supply that the signal from the pass circuit to the amplifier is turned on and allows, if power is present, the switching of the signal from the amplification stage to the output filter. This is formed by the diode D4, the capacitors C5 and C11, the coils CH3 and CH5 and by the resistors R9 and R14.

The current control circuit enables the supply of the device with multiple voltages and consists of the transistors T2, T3, T4 and T5, the resistors R4, R7, R10, R11, R12 and R12, the capacitor C6 and the coil CH6.

In the antenna according to the invention, the dipole 13 or one of its parts ("first part") 131 is connected to ground, independently of a cable, which is arranged, for example, between the connecting plug 145 and ground.

The main rod 1 is electrically connected on the one hand to the mast 17 (FIG. FIG. 1 ), which is connected to ground, and on the other hand connected to the first part 131 of the dipole 13. This electrical connection comprises the connection box 14 (FIG. FIG. 4 ) made of electrically conductive material. This connection also includes the circuit 15, 16 connected to the box 14.

In summary, it can be seen that the ground connection, for example, the first part 131, the box 14, the connector 196 ( FIG. 4 ), the circuit 15, 16, the main rod 1, the auxiliary shutter 18 (made of electrically conductive material) and the masts 17 includes.
The first part 131 of the dipole 13 is advantageously arranged spatially immediately adjacent to the grounded main bar 1 of the antenna. The length of the mass-connection path between dipole and main rod 1 is extremely low.

In addition, the antenna has a connector 145 which is connected to the part 131 of the dipole 13, the connector 145 being connectable to ground via a coaxial cable.

The connector 145 is disposed in parallel with the horizontal grounded main bar 1, thereby providing the advantage that noise generated by the antenna connection coaxial cable is avoided because the coaxial cable in the assembled state is in a plane perpendicular to the dipole and reflector is arranged.

The impedance matching circuit 15 and the amplification circuit 16 constitute a circuit unit configured such that the operation of the unit in case of failure of the amplification circuit 16 corresponds to the operation of the impedance matching circuit 15. During normal operation, ie when supplied with the corresponding supply voltage, the arrangement operates as an impedance matching and amplification circuit.

The circuits 15, 16 are arranged on at least two circuit boards, wherein the circuit boards are preferably arranged one above the other. Thus, the volume of the box 14 can be optimized and located in the vicinity of the dipole 13, without the interference signals are generated, which would affect the operation of the antenna.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.-

Centered main bar (main bar)

2.-

Upper secondary rod (secondary rod)

3.-

Lower secondary rod (secondary rod)

4.-

Hinterradom

5.-

Front wheel, fastener

6.-

reflector

7.-

Element Bars

8th.-

reflector support

9.-

First panel reflector

10.-

Second panel reflector

11.-

Element Bars

111th

reflector rod

12.-

edge

13.-

dipole

14.-

junction box

15.-

Impedance matching circuit

16.-

amplification circuit

17.-

vertical mast

18.-

auxiliary shutter

19.-

supporting part

41.-

First cover of the rear wheel

42.-

Second cover of the rear wheel

43.-

openings

45.-

Through openings

46.-

spigot

47.-

openings

48.-

Cones with openings

49.-

recess

491

anchor bolts

51.-

First cover of the front wheel

52-

Second cover of the front wheel

53

openings

54

openings

55

Passage openings

56

Spigot with screw thread

57

openings

58

Spigot with opening

131

Parts of the dipole

132

"U" profile

133

"V" profile

134

connection points

135

Fin, rib

136

opening

137

opening

141

Rectangular body / base

142

cover

143

bolt

144

openings

145

plug

191

spigot

192

Sidewall, (cazoleta)

193

poor

194

opening

195

openings

196

joint

197

spigot

A1

First angle formed by the upper secondary bar and the main bar

A2

Second angle formed by the lower secondary bar and the main bar

Claims (10)

1. Antenna, in particular for receiving television, radio and/or data signals, comprising at least one dipole (13) consisting of two parts (131), characterised in that

   - each part (131) comprises a first profile (132) in the form of a "U" having an open portion and a second profile (133) in the form of a "V" having an open portion;

   - the two profiles (132, 133) are arranged with the open portions thereof facing one another, and

   - the two profiles (132, 133) are positioned on top of one another.
2. Antenna according to claim 1, characterised in that

   - the open portion of the first profile (132) has a first separation distance between the U-limbs thereof,

   - the open portion of the second profile (133) has a second separation distance between the V-limbs thereof at the upper boundary thereof, and

   - the first separation distance is equal or unequal to the second separation distance.
3. Antenna according to claim 2, characterised in that the first separation distance of the first profile (132) is greater than the second separation distance of the second profile (133) and in that the second profile (133) is arranged in the interior of the first profile (132).
4. Antenna according to claim 2, characterised in that the second separation distance of the second profile (132) is greater than the first separation distance of the first profile (133) and in that the first profile (132) is arranged in the interior of the second profile (133).
5. Antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the dipole (13) consists of a planar profile or is formed in more than one plane.
6. Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the parts (131) forming the dipole are identical.
7. Antenna according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the dipole (13) is part of an arrangement consisting of the dipole (13), a box (14) containing an impedance matching circuit (15) and/or an amplifying circuit (16), and a support member (19).
8. Antenna according to claim 7, characterised in that the box (14) comprises a connector (145) for a direct or indirect connection to a television, radio and/or data receiving system.
9. Antenna according to either claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that the junction box (14) and the connecting plug (145) are formed integrally.
10. Antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the box (14) is shielded.

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