EP1599916B1 - Reflector, in particular for a mobile radio antenna - Google Patents

Reflector, in particular for a mobile radio antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1599916B1
EP1599916B1 EP04719422A EP04719422A EP1599916B1 EP 1599916 B1 EP1599916 B1 EP 1599916B1 EP 04719422 A EP04719422 A EP 04719422A EP 04719422 A EP04719422 A EP 04719422A EP 1599916 B1 EP1599916 B1 EP 1599916B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
mobile radio
radio antenna
face
antenna according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP04719422A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1599916A1 (en
Inventor
Maximilian GÖTTL
Stefan Berger
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Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
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Publication of EP1599916A1 publication Critical patent/EP1599916A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/141Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
    • H01Q15/165Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal composed of a plurality of rigid panels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025Modular arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile radio antenna with an associated reflector according to claim 1.
  • Mobile radio antennas for mobile radio base stations are usually constructed so that a plurality of superimposed radiator arrangements are provided in front of a reflector plane in the vertical direction.
  • These radiator arrangements for example, consist of dipoles or patch radiators.
  • the entire antenna arrangement can be designed for transmission in one band or in two or more frequency bands, for example by using a plurality of radiators and radiator groups suitable for the various frequency bands.
  • mobile radio antennas which have different length variants.
  • the length variants depend here u.a. from the number of individual emitters or emitter groups to be provided, with the same or similar emitter arrangements usually being repeatedly arranged one above the other.
  • Such an antenna or such an antenna array comprises a common reflector for all radiator arrangements.
  • This common reflector usually consists of a reflector sheet, which can be punched, bent and folded depending on requirements, to be able to form, for example, at the two opposite lateral vertical edges from the reflector plane forward projecting reflector edge region. Further, additional sheet metal parts may be soldered to the reflector as needed. Also known is the use of profiles, such as extruded aluminum, etc., which are also mounted on or in front of the reflector plane.
  • Antenna arrangements with reflectors on whose longitudinal side areas, that is to say on their longitudinal or vertical side surfaces, longitudinal side boundaries projecting from the reflector plane, so-called longitudinal webs are for example known from WO 99/62138 A1 of US Pat. No.
  • the antennas produced in this way are always subject to a limited function and load capacity, since, in particular with poorly occurring bad contact points or unsuitable material pairings, the requirements relating to the undesired intermodulation products may not be met. Furthermore, if problems arise in a test run with respect to the examined radiation pattern of an antenna, it can not immediately be said which contact points have possibly contributed to the deteriorated intermodulation properties.
  • a generic antenna has become known from US-A 6 166 705. It comprises a reflector with at least two assembled or assemblable reflector modules, wherein respective radiator arrangements are arranged on the at least two reflector modules.
  • the respective Reflector or the respective reflector module is electrically conductive or at least provided with a conductive surface.
  • US-A-6166705 discloses a mobile radio antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a lattice-shaped frame is provided for this purpose, wherein in the part surfaces formed by the frame, the corresponding reflector modules can be inserted and anchored.
  • the reflector devices can also be used for differently constructed antennas, which can accommodate, for example, different radiator or radiator assemblies.
  • complex, three-dimensional environments with functional surfaces in the transverse and / or longitudinal direction or in other directions of the reflector can be realized with simple means. Such functional surfaces, for example, but also at an angle to the main axis, that is realized in the rule of the vertical axis of extension of the reflector aligned.
  • a reflector is constructed of at least two separate reflector modules, which can be mounted together, for example, in the vertical direction in extension of its vertical axis.
  • the overall arrangement also has the desired characteristic values in electrical terms for the radiator arrangement provided on each reflector module, each reflector module is at least in its basic or basic configuration molded in one piece, namely preferably in a casting, deep-drawing or embossing or in a milling process. In the production of such parts, for example, is spoken by a "primary molding".
  • the reflector module can consist of an aluminum die-cast part or generally of a metal casting or of a plastic injection-molded part, which is subsequently provided on one or at least on both opposing surfaces with a metallized surface.
  • the reflector of the antenna according to the invention can also be produced using a Tixogussvons or for example by milling. This shows that Reflector module preferably at least on its two longitudinal sides and on at least one narrower transverse side, preferably at its two longitudinal sides and at its two end faces a peripheral edge.
  • Reflector module preferably at least on its two longitudinal sides and on at least one narrower transverse side, preferably at its two longitudinal sides and at its two end faces a peripheral edge.
  • lateral boundary webs or boundary surfaces which extend transversely to the reflector plane, provided on the two opposite vertical sides, but also at least on one of the end sides and preferably on both opposite end sides or one boundary web or one boundary surface.
  • each reflector module also has at least one permanently integrated central transverse web, which comprises at least one upper and one lower field for emitter arrangements to be used there.
  • at least two radiator environments are defined per reflector module, which are generated by an end boundary wall, two sections of the vertical side longitudinal boundaries and at least one transverse to the side boundary walls web wall.
  • a reflector module designed in this way is then in principle also suitable for being assembled with at least one further reflector module, for example of the same type of construction, on the face side to form an entire reflector arrangement with a larger vertical extent.
  • a final reflector consists of at least two reflector modules assembled with the same orientation.
  • the corresponding end walls for the assembly of at least two reflector modules are adapted accordingly and preferably have attachment points or attachment points, which are offset in two planes to each other.
  • the two reflector modules can be electrically / galvanically contacted in the region of their assembled end walls or else also electrically connected to one another be interposed by, for example, an insulating intermediate layer, such as plastic layer or other dielectric.
  • a damper material may also be used for the interposition of such an insulating layer, as a result of which certain oscillations of the two reflector module halves relative to one another are possible to a limited extent even in the event of a strong storm. This therefore serves the increased mechanical safety.
  • the mentioned offset plane of the attachment points also serves to ensure that no summation of form deviations takes place at the connection interface or can be compensated comparatively easily if required, ie that in other words manufacturing tolerances can be compensated.
  • additional metallic elements for example in the form of electrically conductive strips, webs, etc. by means of separate holding devices, preferably electrically non-conductive and preferably made of plastic or other dielectric retaining means are used, which are attached to the existing intermediate webs or 9.begrenzungswandab mustarden and between which then the additionally inserted metallic elements can be hung. In turn, this capacitive anchoring further avoids unwanted intermodulation products.
  • a reflector 1 is shown in a schematic plan view, which is formed in the embodiment shown of two frontally assembled reflector modules 3, in each of which four radiator assemblies 2 are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction. It is in the radiator modules shown constructed in electrical terms as cross-radiator modules that radiate in two mutually perpendicular polarizations, so can send and receive. These are preferably X-shaped radiators, in which the planes of polarization are aligned in a plus 45 'to a minus 45' angle relative to the horizontal or vertical.
  • the specifically shown or indicated type of radiator is known for example from the prior publication WO 00/39894. Reference is made in this respect to this prior publication and made the content of the present application. Instead, however, any other radiator arrangements, for example in the manner of dipole squares, cross radiators, simply polarized dipole radiators or other radiators or radiator devices including patch radiators come into consideration.
  • the reflector discussed further above and below is particularly intended for a mobile radio antenna, i. in particular for a corresponding antenna in a base station (base station antenna).
  • each reflector module has two longitudinal side delimitations 5 provided on the longitudinal side regions and two front lateral boundaries 7, which are formed in the manner of a reflector boundary wall or boundary web, boundary flange etc. and extend transversely to the Level of the reflector 1 raise, preferably perpendicular to the plane of the reflector sheet.
  • the height with respect to the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 can vary according to the desired characteristic radiation properties of an antenna constructed in this way and differ widely.
  • the reflector modules 3 are produced, for example, in a metal die casting process or in an injection molding process, for example in the form of a plastic injection molding process, in which the plastic is then coated on at least one side, preferably peripherally, with at least one conductive metallized surface.
  • reflector parts which may possibly be produced in a deep-drawing process, an embossing process which is produced in a so-called Tixoguss process or, for example, also by means of a milling process. Partially becomes also from below a basic molding process spoken, even if not all of the aforementioned manufacturing processes are understood by this term.
  • each of the reflector modules still four spaced apart in the vertical distance of the erected reflector transverse webs 9, which are also manufactured in a primary molding process mentioned above.
  • five emitter environments are thereby generated for each reflector module 3, which are each formed by a portion of the two outer side boundary walls and by two spaced center or transverse webs 9 or a transverse web 9 and one of the two end boundary walls 7.
  • each such radiator environment 11 is in the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 also incorporated a number of holes through openings 13, where then the desired single or, for example, dual-polarized radiator modules can be firmly anchored to the reflector 1 and constructed.
  • the radiator modules themselves, in particular dipole radiator structures or patch radiator structures, can have a wide variety of designs. Reference is made to previously known emitters and types of emitters, as they are well known to those skilled in the art. By way of example only, reference is made in this respect to the radiator structures known from the prior publications DE 198 23 749 A1 or WO 00/39894, all of which are suitable for the present case.
  • the reflector module can also be used for antennas and antenna arrays that radiate not only in one frequency band, but in two or more frequency bands, for example by
  • the individual radiator environments are installed radiator arrangements that are suitable for different frequency bands.
  • the emitters to be built up in the emitter environments can consist of dipole emitters, for example, simple dipole emitters which operate in one polarization or in two polarizations, for example consisting of cross-shaped dipole emitters or dipole emitters in the manner of a dipole square, so-called cross-shaped vector dipoles.
  • radiator arrangements which can radiate and receive in one or two mutually perpendicular polarizations not in one, but for example in two or three frequency bands and more.
  • the arrangement of the reflector modules is not limited to certain types of radiators.
  • the reflector 1 is assembled from two identical radiator modules 3, namely at their intended front or lateral boundary 7.
  • an inwardly projecting threaded bore 17 is formed, in such a way, that offset at 180 ° to each other aligned radiator modules 3, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, now these two radiator modules 3 can be moved towards each other at its front side boundary surface 7, so that the respective frontally projecting threaded hole 15 of the respective radiator module 3 in a corresponding Recess or bore 17 'engages the other end face of the adjacent radiator module 3, which adjoins the inwardly projecting threaded bore 17 in the axial direction.
  • the introduced in the respective end face protruding projection 15 threaded hole 15 'in plan directly in axial extension below the bore 17' in the inwardly projecting lug 17 of the respective second reflector module 3 to lie, so that in the respective paired tapped holes 15th 'or holes 17' a screw 18 can be screwed.
  • the bore 17 ' preferably has an at least slightly larger inner diameter, compared with the inner cross section of the threaded bore 15', so that the relevant screw through the hole 17 'without jamming can be passed freely.
  • a threaded hole 15 ' may be provided only a thread-free bore, namely, when a corresponding screw is self-tapping screwed into this bore 15'.
  • the corresponding attachment lugs 15 and 17 are thus provided on each crosspiece 7, that is on each end wall 7, on each of the two reflector modules 3 at a different height, whereby the assembly in 180 ° relative position to each other according to the figures 3a and 3b is possible.
  • the entire dimensions and designs are such that exactly in this position, the two end-side transverse boundary walls 7 of the two reflector modules 3 come to rest under fixed abutment.
  • the threaded bores 15 and 17 are offset from the vertical central longitudinal plane to the outside and are each formed on each reflector module 3 in different altitude (relative to the plane 1 'of the reflector 1), there is an optimal two-point support, the high Forces, can also absorb wind and vibration forces.
  • FIGS. 3 a, 3 b and 4 can be seen from FIGS. 3 a, 3 b and 4 that additional connecting lugs 21 connecting the two reflector modules 3 can be used, of which in each case one screw 23 on one reflector module 3 and the second screw 24 on the respective other reflector module 3 can be screwed from the bottom side.
  • the one or more connecting straps project beyond the cut surface separating the two reflector modules 3.
  • FIG. 5 in which, in sections, two emitter environments 11 of a reflector module are shown.
  • each non-conductive holding or fastening means 27 are placed, which are provided with slot-shaped recesses to here, for example, further strahlformungsradede and / or decoupling serving electrically conductive functional parts are used, and indeed capacitive can be used.
  • the holding and fastening devices 27 are electrically non-conductive, preferably made of plastic or other suitable dielectric. Due to the capacitive attachment of said functional parts 29 unwanted intermodulation products are also prevented again.
  • the need for additional attachment and introduction in the radiator environments 11 by means of the mentioned holding and fastening device 27 is comparatively simple and highly variable possible.
  • the mentioned holding and fastening means 27 not or not only on the transverse webs 9, but for example also on the transverse side boundaries 7 and / or provided on the longitudinal side boundaries 5 are, ie can be anchored there, for example by placing, snapping, etc.
  • Figure 5 also at the provided from home transverse webs 9 even more with transverse to the plane 1 'of the reflector aligned bores 31 provided anchoring portions 28 are provided on which, for example, the beam forming serving and / or the decoupling components are attached, for example, perpendicular to the plane 1 'of the reflector extending pin or rod-shaped functional parts, etc.
  • the holes 31 thus extend vertically to level 1 'of the reflector, wherein the holding and fastening means 28 as reinforcing sections in the transverse webs 9, but also when required, as shown in the illustration according to Figure 3a and 3b, are formed on the transverse side boundaries 7.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7, in which further functional parts 29 can be integrated on the reflector in the context of the aforementioned manufacturing method of the reflector modules, preferably on the underside thereof (if required, but also on the top side receiving the radiator).
  • outer conductor portions of a connection and feed structure for two vertically adjacent radiators are shown at the bottom.
  • the downwardly projecting from the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 outer conductor contour in the form of a circumferential housing web 35 serves as an outer conductor.
  • inner conductors 43 can then be anchored in this case via retaining devices 37 that can be inserted in the interior between these housing webs 35, preferably non-conductive and made of plastic.
  • feed points 39 can then, for example, coaxial cable 41st connected, for example, by the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is electrically / galvanically contacted with the circumferential housing web 35, which perceives the outer conductor function, while electrically separated from the inner conductor of the coaxial cable at a suitable location with the provided inside the thus formed distributor inner conductor 43 electrically- is electrically connected.
  • the inner conductor is then guided so far in this connection structure and guided over one of the holes provided in the reflector sheet to the other reflector plane, there to produce an electrically conductive connection to the radiator elements provided there.
  • outer conductor structures and outer conductor contours and inner conductor structures for lines of high-frequency signals for example in the form of chamber lines, coaxial lines or strip lines, but also, for example, contours for electromagnetic shields, housing parts for HF components such as filters, switches, distributors, phase shifters, active amplifiers or, for example, in the form of interfaces for holders, fasteners, accessories, etc.
  • the identically shaped reflector modules 3 are 180 ° relative to each other twisted aligned to be mounted together. But it can also be constructed differently shaped radiator modules in the vertical direction, if they are at least each formed on a respective end wall, in order to be firmly fixed there to each other via a suitable holding and fastening device 27 can. Finally, however, more than two reflector modules, for example three or four, etc., can be built together in the vertical direction or in the horizontal direction laterally to form an entire antenna array. When vertically assembling a plurality of reflector modules is then only required that at least the reflector modules arranged in the central region are formed both at the top and at the bottom end wall portion 7 so that they can be assembled with a seated adjacent next reflector module.
  • the special feature of the mentioned functional parts is therefore that a part of an additional functional part, for example the outer boundary, which serves as outer conductor, is already part of the reflector arrangement for a connection device or for a phase shifter, so that these components only with further functional components or other components to complete a complete assembly must be completed.
  • FIG. 8 There is shown yet another example of another functional part.
  • Single-storey connected to the reflector material here an outer boundary, ie a circumferential housing web 35 is shown.
  • the reflector itself forms the bottom, wherein the housing web 35, the outer boundary forms.
  • This functional part 29 can serve, for example, as a phase shifter arrangement provided on the rear side of the reflector.
  • the phase shifters can be constructed, as they are basically known from the prior publication WO 01/13459 A1. Reference is made in this respect to this prior publication and made the content of the present application. In the corresponding design according to FIG.
  • one or more concentrically arranged part-circle stiffener line sections can thus be accommodated, which interact with a pointer-like adjusting element, via which the path length to the two connected radiators or radiator groups and thereby the phase position for the radiator elements can be adjusted and set. for example, to be able to set a different downtilt angle.
  • Other arbitrary other functional parts with other functions and tasks can also be formed from home to the reflector, preferably at the back, at least partially.
  • the installation space which is formed by the reflector base and the circumferential housing web 35, can be closed by attachment and attachment of a cover assembly which is electrically conductive depending on the purpose, preferably consists of a metal part, or otherwise may be formed from a plastic or dielectric part and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

A reflector for a mobile radio antenna comprises at least two reflector modules which are or can be assembled. The reflector module is produced using a casting method, deep-drawing, thermoforming or stamping method, or using a milling method. Two integrally connected longitudinal face boundaries and at least one end transverse-face boundary may be provided. Two transverse-face boundaries whose ends are located offset with respect to one another can be provided. At least one transverse strut runs transversely with respect to the longitudinal face boundaries. A holding and/or attachment device is provided on the at least one end transverse-face boundary for attachment to a second reflector module, and can be used to fix the at least two reflector parts firmly to one another.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mobilfunk-Antenne mit einem zugehörigen Reflektor nach dem Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a mobile radio antenna with an associated reflector according to claim 1.

Mobilfunkantennen für Mobilfunk-Basisstationen sind üblicherweise so aufgebaut, dass vor einer Reflektorebene in Vertikalrichtung mehrere übereinander sitzende Strahleranordnungen vorgesehen sind. Diese Strahleranordnungen beispielsweise bestehen aus Dipolen oder Patchstrahlern. Es kann sich dabei um Strahleranordnungen handeln, die nur in einer Polarisation oder beispielsweise in zwei senkrecht zueinander stehenden Polarisationen strahlen und gleichzeitig senden und empfangen können. Die gesamte Antennenanordnung kann dabei für eine Übertragung in einem Band oder in zwei oder mehreren Frequenzbändern ausgelegt sein, indem beispielsweise mehrere für die verschiedenen Frequenzbänder geeignete Strahler und Strahlergruppen verwendet werden.Mobile radio antennas for mobile radio base stations are usually constructed so that a plurality of superimposed radiator arrangements are provided in front of a reflector plane in the vertical direction. These radiator arrangements, for example, consist of dipoles or patch radiators. These can be radiator arrangements which radiate only in one polarization or, for example, in two mutually perpendicular polarizations and at the same time can transmit and receive. The entire antenna arrangement can be designed for transmission in one band or in two or more frequency bands, for example by using a plurality of radiators and radiator groups suitable for the various frequency bands.

Je nach Anforderung werden Mobilfunkantennen benötigt, die unterschiedliche Längenvarianten aufweisen. Die Längenvarianten hängen dabei u.a. von der Anzahl der vorzusehenden Einzelstrahler oder Strahlergruppen ab, wobei in der Regel gleiche oder ähnliche Strahleranordnungen wiederholt übereinander angeordnet werden.Depending on the requirements, mobile radio antennas are required which have different length variants. The length variants depend here u.a. from the number of individual emitters or emitter groups to be provided, with the same or similar emitter arrangements usually being repeatedly arranged one above the other.

Eine derartige Antenne bzw. ein derartiges Antennenarray umfasst dabei für alle Strahleranordnungen einen gemeinsamen Reflektor. Dieser gemeinsame Reflektor besteht üblicherweise aus einem Reflektorblech, welches je nach Anforderung gestanzt, gebogen und gekantet werden kann, um beispielsweise an den beiden gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Vertikalrändern einen aus der Reflektorebene nach vorne vorspringenden Reflektorrandbereich bilden zu können. Ferner können bei Bedarf zusätzliche Blechteile auf dem Reflektor aufgelötet sein. Bekannt ist auch die Verwendung von Profilen, beispielsweise Strangpressprofilen aus Aluminium etc., die ebenfalls auf oder vor der Reflektorebene angebracht werden. Antennenanordnungen mit Reflektoren, an deren Längsseitenbereichen, also an deren Längs- oder Vertikalseitenflächen, aus der Reflektorebene nach vorne vorstehende Längsseitenbegrenzungen, sogenannte Längsstege, vorgesehen sind, sind beispielsweise aus der WO 99/62138 A1 der US 5 710 569 A oder der EP 0 916 169 B1 bekannt geworden. Diese Längsseitenbegrenzungen können an der äußersten Längsseite des Reflektors vorgesehen sein, oder aber es steht noch ein entsprechender Reflektorabschnitt seitlich über die Seitenbegrenzung nach außen hin über, so dass die sich aus der Reflektorebene nach vorne erhebenden, nach Art von Längsstegen gebildeten Längsseitenbegrenzungen quasi weiter zur Reflektormitte liegend angeordnet sind.Such an antenna or such an antenna array comprises a common reflector for all radiator arrangements. This common reflector usually consists of a reflector sheet, which can be punched, bent and folded depending on requirements, to be able to form, for example, at the two opposite lateral vertical edges from the reflector plane forward projecting reflector edge region. Further, additional sheet metal parts may be soldered to the reflector as needed. Also known is the use of profiles, such as extruded aluminum, etc., which are also mounted on or in front of the reflector plane. Antenna arrangements with reflectors on whose longitudinal side areas, that is to say on their longitudinal or vertical side surfaces, longitudinal side boundaries projecting from the reflector plane, so-called longitudinal webs, are for example known from WO 99/62138 A1 of US Pat. No. 5,710,569 A or EP 0 916 169 B1 become known. These longitudinal side boundaries may be provided on the outermost longitudinal side of the reflector, or else a corresponding reflector section protrudes laterally beyond the lateral boundary, so that the longitudinal side boundaries rising from the reflector plane and extending in the manner of longitudinal webs continue to the quasi center of the reflector are arranged horizontally.

Für bestimmte Anwendungen sind jedoch aufwendige, komplexe, dreidimensionale Funktionsflächen für die Strahleranordnung von Vorteil oder sogar notwendig. Um solche Umgebungsbedingungen für die Strahleranordnung zu erzeugen, sind bisher viele Verbindungs- und Kontaktstellen am Reflektor notwendig gewesen. Die zum Teil verwendeten Bauteile und Baukomponenten bestehen dabei zum Teil auch noch aus unterschiedlichen Materialien. Dadurch sind aber eine Reihe von Nachteilen bedingt. Zum einen erweist sich die große Teilevielfalt und der damit verbundene hohe Montageaufwand als nachteilig. Dadurch ergeben sich insgesamt vergleichsweise hohe Herstellungskosten. Nachteilig sind aber auch die vielen Kontaktstellen. Viele Kontaktstellen können aber zu unerwünschten Intermodulationsprodukten beitragen. Eine ausreichende Funktionssicherheit ist dabei nur bei allerhöchster Montagesorgfalt erzielbar. Andererseits unterliegen die so hergestellten Antennen stets einer eingeschränkten Funktion und Belastbarkeit, da insbesondere bei auch nur wenig auftretenden schlechten Kontaktstellen oder ungeeigneten Materialpaarungen die Anforderungen bezüglich der unerwünschten Intermodulationsprodukten gegebenenfalls nicht eingehalten werden können. Ergeben sich in einem Testlauf bezüglich des überprüften Strahlungsdiagrammes einer Antenne Probleme, so kann dabei ferner nicht sofort gesagt werden, welche Kontaktstellen möglicherweise zu den verschlechterten Intermodulationseigenschaften beigetragen haben.For certain applications, however, complex, complex, three-dimensional functional surfaces for the radiator arrangement are advantageous or even necessary. In order to produce such environmental conditions for the radiator arrangement, many connection and contact points on the reflector have been necessary so far. Some of the components and components used in this case also consist of different materials. This, however, causes a number of disadvantages. On the one hand, the large variety of parts and the associated high assembly costs prove to be disadvantageous. This results in a comparatively high production cost. But the disadvantages are also the many contact points. However, many contact points can contribute to undesirable intermodulation products. A sufficient reliability is achievable only at the very highest Montagesorgfalt. On the other hand, the antennas produced in this way are always subject to a limited function and load capacity, since, in particular with poorly occurring bad contact points or unsuitable material pairings, the requirements relating to the undesired intermodulation products may not be met. Furthermore, if problems arise in a test run with respect to the examined radiation pattern of an antenna, it can not immediately be said which contact points have possibly contributed to the deteriorated intermodulation properties.

Eine gattungsbildende Antenne ist aus der US-A 6 166 705 bekannt geworden. Sie umfasst einen Reflektor mit zumindest zwei zusammengebauten bzw. zusammenbaubaren Reflektormodulen, wobei auf den zumindest beiden Reflektormodulen jeweils Strahleranordnungen angeordnet sind. Der jeweilige Reflektor- bzw. das jeweilige Reflektormodul ist elektrisch leitfähig oder zumindest mit einer leitenden Oberfläche versehen. Die US-A-6166705 offenbart eine Mobilfunk-Antenne gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.A generic antenna has become known from US-A 6 166 705. It comprises a reflector with at least two assembled or assemblable reflector modules, wherein respective radiator arrangements are arranged on the at least two reflector modules. The respective Reflector or the respective reflector module is electrically conductive or at least provided with a conductive surface. US-A-6166705 discloses a mobile radio antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.

Gemäß diesem vorbekannten Stand der Technik ist dazu ein gitterförmiger Rahmen vorgesehen, wobei in den durch die Rahmen gebildeten Teilflächen die entsprechenden Reflektormodule einsetz- und verankerbar sind.According to this prior art, a lattice-shaped frame is provided for this purpose, wherein in the part surfaces formed by the frame, the corresponding reflector modules can be inserted and anchored.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es von daher, eine verbesserte Möglichkeit zu schaffen, Antennen mit hohen Güteeigenschaften zu realisieren, wobei ferner mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand und hohem Qualitätsstandard Antennen mit unterschiedlicher Baugröße realisierbar sein sollen.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved possibility of realizing antennas with high quality characteristics, in which case it should be possible to realize antennas with different size with comparatively little effort and high quality standard.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß entsprechend den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Lösung vorgeschlagen, mit vergleichsweise geringem Aufwand Antennen mit gleicher oder ähnlicher Funktion in verschiedenen Längenvarianten aufzubauen. Dabei können die Reflektoreinrichtungen auch für unterschiedlich aufgebaute Antennen verwendet werden, die beispielsweise unterschiedliche Strahler- oder Strahlerbaugruppen aufnehmen können. Schließlich lassen sich mit einfachen Mitteln auch komplexe, dreidimensionale Umgebungen mit Funktionsflächen in Quer- und/oder Längsrichtung oder in anderen Richtungen des Reflektors realisieren. Derartige Funktionsflächen können beispielsweise aber auch winkelig zur Hauptachse, d.h. in der Regel der vertikalen Erstreckungsachse des Reflektors ausgerichtet realisiert werden.According to the invention, a solution is proposed to build antennas with the same or similar function in different length variants with comparatively little effort. In this case, the reflector devices can also be used for differently constructed antennas, which can accommodate, for example, different radiator or radiator assemblies. Finally, complex, three-dimensional environments with functional surfaces in the transverse and / or longitudinal direction or in other directions of the reflector can be realized with simple means. Such functional surfaces, for example, but also at an angle to the main axis, that is realized in the rule of the vertical axis of extension of the reflector aligned.

Gleichzeitig wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Antennen- bzw. Reflektorausbildung eine deutliche Reduzierung von Kontaktstellen möglich. Dadurch lässt sich wieder die Teilevielfalt und der Montageaufwand reduzieren, und dies bei hoher Funktionsintegration.At the same time a significant reduction of contact points is possible with the inventive antenna or reflector training. This again reduces the number of parts and the assembly effort, and this with high functional integration.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nunmehr vorgesehen, dass ein Reflektor zumindest aus zwei separaten Reflektormodulen aufgebaut ist, die beispielsweise in Vertikalrichtung in Verlängerung ihrer Vertikalachse zusammen montiert werden können. Um aus zumindest zwei oder mehreren in Vertikalrichtung aneinander baubaren Reflektormodulen eine auch in mechanischer Hinsicht stabile Gesamtanordnung zu schaffen, die zudem auch in elektrischer Hinsicht für die auf jedem Reflektormodul vorgesehene Strahleranordnung die gewünschten charakteristischen Werte aufweist, ist jedes Reflektormodul zumindest in seiner Grund- oder Basisausstattung einstückig geformt, nämlich vorzugsweise in einem Guss-, Tiefzieh- oder Präge- oder in einem Fräsverfahren. Bei der Herstellung derartiger Teile wird beispielsweise auch von einem "Urformverfahren" gesprochen. So kann das Reflektormodul beispielsweise aus einem Aluminiumdruckgussteil oder allgemein aus einem Metallgussteil oder auch aus einem Kunststoff-Spritzgussteil bestehen, welches nachträglich auf einer oder zumindest auf beiden gegenüberliegenden Flächen mit einer metallisierten Oberfläche versehen ist. Der Reflektor der erfindungsgemäßen Antenne kann auch unter Verwendung eines Tixogussverfahrens oder beispielsweise auch durch Fräsen hergestellt sein. Dabei weist das Reflektormodul vorzugsweise zumindest an seinen beiden Längsseiten und an zumindest einer schmäleren Querseite, vorzugsweise an seinen beiden Längsseiten und an seinen beiden Stirnseiten einen umlaufenden Rand auf. Es sind also nicht nur sich quer zur Reflektorebene erhebende seitliche Begrenzungsstege oder Begrenzungsflächen an den beiden gegenüberliegenden Vertikalseiten, sondern zumindest an einer der Stirnseiten und vorzugsweise an beiden gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten zusätzlich ein oder je ein Begrenzungssteg oder eine Begrenzungsfläche vorgesehen. Jedes Reflektormodul weist dabei auch zumindest einen fest integrierten Mittelquersteg auf, der zumindest ein oberes und ein unteres Feld für dort einzusetzende Strahleranordnungen umfasst. Somit werden pro Reflektormodul zumindest zwei Strahlerumgebungen definiert, die durch eine stirnseitige Begrenzungswand, zwei Abschnitte der vertikalen Seitenlängsbegrenzungen und der zumindest einen quer zu den Seitenbegrenzungswänden verlaufenden Stegwand erzeugt werden.According to the invention it is now provided that a reflector is constructed of at least two separate reflector modules, which can be mounted together, for example, in the vertical direction in extension of its vertical axis. In order to create from at least two or more reflector modules which can be assembled together in the vertical direction, the overall arrangement also has the desired characteristic values in electrical terms for the radiator arrangement provided on each reflector module, each reflector module is at least in its basic or basic configuration molded in one piece, namely preferably in a casting, deep-drawing or embossing or in a milling process. In the production of such parts, for example, is spoken by a "primary molding". For example, the reflector module can consist of an aluminum die-cast part or generally of a metal casting or of a plastic injection-molded part, which is subsequently provided on one or at least on both opposing surfaces with a metallized surface. The reflector of the antenna according to the invention can also be produced using a Tixogussverfahrens or for example by milling. This shows that Reflector module preferably at least on its two longitudinal sides and on at least one narrower transverse side, preferably at its two longitudinal sides and at its two end faces a peripheral edge. Thus, not only are lateral boundary webs or boundary surfaces, which extend transversely to the reflector plane, provided on the two opposite vertical sides, but also at least on one of the end sides and preferably on both opposite end sides or one boundary web or one boundary surface. In this case, each reflector module also has at least one permanently integrated central transverse web, which comprises at least one upper and one lower field for emitter arrangements to be used there. Thus, at least two radiator environments are defined per reflector module, which are generated by an end boundary wall, two sections of the vertical side longitudinal boundaries and at least one transverse to the side boundary walls web wall.

Ein so ausgebildetes Reflektormodul ist dann grundsätzlich auch geeignet, mit zumindest einem weiteren Reflektormodul beispielsweise gleichen Bautyps stirnseitig zu einer gesamten Reflektoranordnung mit größerer Vertikalerstreckung zusammengebaut zu werden.A reflector module designed in this way is then in principle also suitable for being assembled with at least one further reflector module, for example of the same type of construction, on the face side to form an entire reflector arrangement with a larger vertical extent.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass ein endgültiger Reflektor aus zumindest zwei mit der gleichen Orientierung zusammengebauten Reflektormodulen besteht. In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es auch möglich, zwei Reflektormodule stirnseitig so zusammenzubauen, wobei die beiden Reflektormodule bezüglich ihrer Grundformgebung um 180° zueinander ausgerichtet sind. Dieser Zusammenbau erweist sich insbesondere dann als günstig, wenn die beiden gegenüberliegenden Stirnseitenflächen unterschiedlich gestaltet sind, also nur eine Stirnseitenfläche für den eigentlichen Zusammenbau mit einem nächsten Reflektormodul geeignet ist.In a preferred embodiment it is provided that a final reflector consists of at least two reflector modules assembled with the same orientation. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to assemble two reflector modules on the front side so that the two reflector modules are aligned with respect to their basic shape by 180 ° to each other are. This assembly proves to be particularly favorable when the two opposite end faces are designed differently, so only one end face is suitable for actual assembly with a next reflector module.

Schließlich können aber auch Reflektormodule mit unterschiedlichen Gestaltungen, aber mit vergleichbarem Grundaufbau, wie vorstehend geschildert, zusammengebaut werden.Finally, but reflector modules with different designs, but with a similar basic structure, as described above, be assembled.

Bekanntermaßen sind die Krafteinwirkungen auf einen Reflektor und durch die Krafteinwirkungen ausgelöste Betriebsbelastungen, beispielsweise durch Vibrationen, Wind und Sturm, nicht zu unterschätzen. Derartige Belastungen treten bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Reflektoranordnung unter Verwendung von zumindest zwei stirnseitig zusammengebauten Modulen natürlich an der Verbindungsstelle besonders stark auf. Dabei sollen gleichermaßen aber auch bewegte und undefinierte Kontakte zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Intermodulations-Probleme ausgeschlossen werden.As is known, the force effects on a reflector and operating loads caused by the force effects, for example due to vibrations, wind and storm, should not be underestimated. Of course, such loads occur particularly strongly at the connection point in the case of a reflector arrangement according to the invention using at least two modules assembled on the front side. At the same time, moving and undefined contacts should also be excluded to avoid undesired intermodulation problems.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist von daher vorgesehen, dass die entsprechenden Stirnwände für den Zusammenbau von zumindest zwei Reflektormodulen entsprechend angepasst sind und dazu bevorzugt Befestigungspunkte bzw. Befestigungsstellen aufweisen, die in zwei Ebenen versetzt zueinander liegen. Dadurch wird es möglich, zum einen vergleichsweise große Momente zu übertragen bzw. aufzunehmen und gleichzeitig funktionssichere elektrische Kontaktstellen zu realisieren. Dabei können die beiden Reflektormodule im Bereich ihrer zusammenmontierten Stirnwände elektrisch/galvanisch kontaktiert sein oder aber auch galvanisch getrennt miteinander verbunden werden, indem beispielsweise eine isolierende Zwischenschicht, beispielsweise Kunststoffschicht oder ein sonstiges Dielektrikum zwischengefügt wird. Bevorzugt kann für die Zwischenfügung einer derartig isolierenden Schicht unter Umständen auch ein Dämpfermaterial verwendet werden, wodurch sogar bei starkem Sturm in eingeschränktem Maße gewisse Schwingungen der beiden Reflektormodulhälften zueinander möglich sind. Dies dient also der erhöhten mechanischen Sicherheit.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is therefore provided that the corresponding end walls for the assembly of at least two reflector modules are adapted accordingly and preferably have attachment points or attachment points, which are offset in two planes to each other. This makes it possible, for a comparatively large moments to transmit or record and at the same time to realize reliable electrical contact points. In this case, the two reflector modules can be electrically / galvanically contacted in the region of their assembled end walls or else also electrically connected to one another be interposed by, for example, an insulating intermediate layer, such as plastic layer or other dielectric. Under certain circumstances, a damper material may also be used for the interposition of such an insulating layer, as a result of which certain oscillations of the two reflector module halves relative to one another are possible to a limited extent even in the event of a strong storm. This therefore serves the increased mechanical safety.

Die erwähnte versetzte Ebene der Befestigungspunkte dient auch dazu, dass an der Verbindungsschnittstelle keine Aufsummierung von Formabweichungen stattfindet oder bei Bedarf vergleichsweise problemlos ausgeglichen werden können, dass also mit anderen Worten Herstellungstoleranzen ausgeglichen werden können. Sollte es für die Optimierung des Strahlungsdiagramms einer Antenne notwendig sein, dass an bestimmten Stellen im Reflektor zusätzliche metallische Elemente befestigt werden müssen, so können in einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung diese zusätzlichen Elemente beispielsweise in Form von elektrisch leitfähigen Streifen, Stegen etc. mittels separaten Halteeinrichtungen, vorzugsweise elektrisch nicht leitenden und vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff oder einem sonstigem Dielektrikum bestehenden Halteeinrichtungen verwendet werden, die an den vorhandenen Zwischenstegen oder Seitenbegrenzungswandabschnitten angebracht und zwischen denen dann die zusätzlich einzufügenden metallischen Elemente eingehängt werden können. Durch diese kapazitive Verankerung werden wiederum unerwünschte Intermodulationsprodukte weiter vermieden.The mentioned offset plane of the attachment points also serves to ensure that no summation of form deviations takes place at the connection interface or can be compensated comparatively easily if required, ie that in other words manufacturing tolerances can be compensated. Should it be necessary for the optimization of the radiation pattern of an antenna that at certain points in the reflector additional metallic elements must be attached, so in an embodiment of the invention, these additional elements, for example in the form of electrically conductive strips, webs, etc. by means of separate holding devices, preferably electrically non-conductive and preferably made of plastic or other dielectric retaining means are used, which are attached to the existing intermediate webs or Seitenbegrenzungswandabschnitten and between which then the additionally inserted metallic elements can be hung. In turn, this capacitive anchoring further avoids unwanted intermodulation products.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das in einem Guss-, Tiefzieh- oder Präge- oder z.B. auch in einem Fräsverfahren hergestellte Reflektormodul vorzugsweise auf der zu den Strahlermodulen gegenüberliegenden Rückseite des Reflektormoduls weitere integrierte Teile oder Bestandteile von weiteren Komponenten aufweist, die insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit einer Antenne benötigt werden. Dadurch lässt sich eine weitere deutliche Vorteile aufweisende Funktionsintegration in den Reflektor vornehmen. Folgende Teilfunktionen können beispielsweise problemlos in das Reflektormodul integriert werden:

  • So können Außenleiterkonturen für die Leitung von hochfrequenten Signalen, z. B. Kammerleitung, Koaxialleitung, Streifenleitung etc. auf der Vorder-, vor allem aber auch auf der Rückseite des Reflektors mit angeformt werden.
  • Genauso können Konturen für die elektromagnetische Abschirmung von Baugruppen angeformt werden.
  • Angeformt werden können auch Gehäuseteile für HF-Komponenten wie Filter, Weichen, Verteiler, Phasenschieber, so dass nach Einbau der noch zusätzlichen Funktionsteile in diese Baugruppen dann lediglich nur noch eine Abdeckung aufgesetzt werden muss.
  • Insbesondere bei metallisierten Kunststoffteilen als Basis für den Reflektor können durch geeignete Maßnahmen wie z. B. Heißprägen, Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzgussverfahren, Laserbearbeitung, Ätzverfahren oder dergleichen auch komplette Leitungsstrukturen integriert werden ("dreidimensionale Leiterplatte").
  • Schließlich lassen sich aber auch Schnittstellen für Halterungsbauteile für die Befestigung oder Montage sowie Schnittstellen für Zusatzgeräte beispielsweise in Form von Befestigungsflanschen, Wärmeflanschen etc. mit realisieren.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that in a casting, deep-drawing or embossing or, for example, also in a milling method produced reflector module preferably on the opposite to the radiator modules back of the reflector module further integrated parts or components of other components, which are needed in particular in connection with an antenna. As a result, it is possible to carry out a further functional integration into the reflector which has clear advantages. For example, the following subfunctions can be easily integrated into the reflector module:
  • Thus, external conductor contours for the conduction of high-frequency signals, eg. As chamber line, coaxial line, stripline, etc. on the front, but especially on the back of the reflector to be molded with.
  • Likewise contours for the electromagnetic shielding of assemblies can be formed.
  • Can also be molded housing parts for RF components such as filters, switches, distributors, phase shifter, so that after installation of the additional functional parts in these assemblies then only a cover must be placed.
  • In particular, in metallized plastic parts as the basis for the reflector can by suitable measures such. As hot stamping, two-component injection molding, laser machining, etching or the like also complete line structures are integrated ("three-dimensional circuit board").
  • Finally, however, it is also possible to provide interfaces for mounting components for fastening or mounting, as well as interfaces for additional devices, for example in the form of mounting flanges, heat flanges, etc. with realize.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen im Einzelnen:

Figur 1 :
eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Reflektor bestehend aus zwei vertikal übereinander angeordneten Reflektormodulen;
Figur 2 :
eine räumliche Darstellung zweier in Vertikalrichtung zueinander angeordneter Reflektormodule vor dem Zusammenbau;
Figur 3a :
eine vergrößerte räumliche Detaildarstellung zur Verdeutlichung der Ausbildung und des Zusammenbaus zweier Reflektormodule an ihrem aufeinander zu weisenden stirnseitigen Begrenzungsabschnitt;
Figur 3b :
eine entsprechende Darstellung zu Figur 3a, jedoch nach erfolgtem stirnseitigen Zusammenbau zweier Reflektormodule;
Figur 4 :
eine entsprechend Darstellung zu Figur 3, jedoch von der Rückseite her betrachtet;
Figur 5 :
eine räumliche ausschnittsweise Darstellung des Reflektormoduls mit zusätzlichen, vorzugsweise dielektrischen Halte- und Befestigungselementen zur Aufnahme von weiteren Strahlformgebungsteilen in Form von Streifen, Stäben etc.;
Figur 6 :
eine räumliche rückwärtige Ansicht eines Reflektormoduls mit angeformten Funktionsteilen;
Figur 7 :
eine Querschnittsdarstellung durch den Reflektor im Bereich des in Figur 6 gezeigten, auf der Rückseite des Reflektors vorgesehenen Funktionsteils; und
Figur 8:
eine weitere auszugsweise räumliche rückwärtige Ansicht eines Reflektormoduls mit einem andersartig angeformten Funktionsteil.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. In detail:
FIG. 1:
a schematic plan view of a reflector consisting of two vertically stacked reflector modules;
FIG. 2:
a spatial representation of two mutually vertically arranged reflector modules prior to assembly;
FIG. 3a:
an enlarged detailed spatial representation to illustrate the formation and assembly of two reflector modules at their end face facing each other boundary section;
FIG. 3b:
a corresponding view to Figure 3a, but after completed frontal assembly of two reflector modules;
FIG. 4:
a view similar to Figure 3, but viewed from the rear side;
FIG. 5:
a spatial fragmentary representation of the reflector module with additional, preferably dielectric holding and fastening elements for receiving further beam shaping parts in the form of strips, rods, etc .;
FIG. 6:
a spatial rear view of a reflector module with molded functional parts;
FIG. 7:
a cross-sectional view through the reflector in the region of the function shown in Figure 6, provided on the back of the reflector function part; and
FIG. 8:
a further excerpts spatial rear view of a reflector module with a differently shaped molded part.

In Figur 1 ist in schematischer Draufsicht ein Reflektor 1 gezeigt, der im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel aus zwei stirnseitig zusammengebauten Reflektormodulen 3 gebildet ist, in denen jeweils vier Strahleranordnungen 2 in Vertikalrichtung übereinander angeordnet sind. Es handelt sich bei den gezeigten Strahlermodulen um in elektrischer Hinsicht als Kreuzstrahler aufgebaute Module, die in zwei senkrecht zueinander stehenden Polarisationen strahlen, also senden und empfangen können. Es handelt sich hierbei bevorzugt um X-förmig angeordnete Strahler, bei denen die Polarisationsebenen in einem plus 45' bis in einem minus 45'-Winkel gegenüber der Horizontalen bzw. Vertikalen ausgerichtet sind. Die spezifisch gezeigte bzw. angedeutete Art der Strahler ist beispielsweise aus der Vorveröffentlichung WO 00/39894 bekannt. Es wird insoweit auf diese Vorveröffentlichung verwiesen und zum Inhalt der vorliegenden Anmeldung gemacht. Anstelle dessen können aber auch beliebigste andere Strahleranordnungen, beispielsweise nach Art von Dipolquadraten, Kreuzstrahlern, einfach polarisierten Dipolstrahlern oder sonstigen Strahlern oder Strahlereinrichtungen einschließlich Patchstrahlern in Betracht kommen.In Figure 1, a reflector 1 is shown in a schematic plan view, which is formed in the embodiment shown of two frontally assembled reflector modules 3, in each of which four radiator assemblies 2 are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction. It is in the radiator modules shown constructed in electrical terms as cross-radiator modules that radiate in two mutually perpendicular polarizations, so can send and receive. These are preferably X-shaped radiators, in which the planes of polarization are aligned in a plus 45 'to a minus 45' angle relative to the horizontal or vertical. The specifically shown or indicated type of radiator is known for example from the prior publication WO 00/39894. Reference is made in this respect to this prior publication and made the content of the present application. Instead, however, any other radiator arrangements, for example in the manner of dipole squares, cross radiators, simply polarized dipole radiators or other radiators or radiator devices including patch radiators come into consideration.

Der vorstehend und nachfolgend weiter erörterte Reflektor ist insbesondere für eine Mobilfunk-Antenne vorgesehen, d.h. insbesondere für eine entsprechende Antenne in einer Basisstation (Basisstations-Antenne).The reflector discussed further above and below is particularly intended for a mobile radio antenna, i. in particular for a corresponding antenna in a base station (base station antenna).

Wie sich insbesondere auch aus der räumlichen Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 ergibt, weist jedes Reflektormodul jeweils zwei an den Längsseitenbereichen vorgesehene Längsseitenbegrenzungen 5 und zwei stirnseitige Querseitenbegrenzungen 7 auf, die nach Art einer Reflektor-Begrenzungswand oder Begrenzungssteges, Begrenzungsflansches etc. gebildet sind und sich quer zur Ebene des Reflektors 1 erheben, vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Ebene des Reflektorbleches. Die Höhe gegenüber der Ebene 1' des Reflektors 1 kann dabei entsprechend den gewünschten charakteristischen Strahlungseigenschaften einer so aufgebauten Antenne abändern und in weiten Bereichen differieren.As can be seen in particular from the spatial representation according to FIG. 2, each reflector module has two longitudinal side delimitations 5 provided on the longitudinal side regions and two front lateral boundaries 7, which are formed in the manner of a reflector boundary wall or boundary web, boundary flange etc. and extend transversely to the Level of the reflector 1 raise, preferably perpendicular to the plane of the reflector sheet. The height with respect to the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 can vary according to the desired characteristic radiation properties of an antenna constructed in this way and differ widely.

Die Reflektormodule 3 sind beispielsweise in einem Metall-Druckgussverfahren oder in einem Spritzgussverfahren hergestellt, beispielsweise in Form eines Kunststoff-Spritzgussverfahrens, bei welchem dann der Kunststoff zumindest mit einer leitenden metallisierten Oberfläche auf zumindest einer Seite, vorzugsweise umlaufend beschichtet ist. Grundsätzlich könnten aber auch Reflektorteile verwendet werden, die möglicherweise in einem Tiefziehverfahren, einem Prägeverfahren, die in einem sog. Tixogussverfahren oder beispielsweise auch mittels eines Fräseverfahrens hergestellt sind. Teilweise wird nachfolgend auch von einem Urformverfahren gesprochen, auch wenn unter diesem Begriff nicht alle der vorstehend genannten Herstellverfahren verstanden werden.The reflector modules 3 are produced, for example, in a metal die casting process or in an injection molding process, for example in the form of a plastic injection molding process, in which the plastic is then coated on at least one side, preferably peripherally, with at least one conductive metallized surface. In principle, however, it would also be possible to use reflector parts which may possibly be produced in a deep-drawing process, an embossing process which is produced in a so-called Tixoguss process or, for example, also by means of a milling process. Partially becomes also from below a basic molding process spoken, even if not all of the aforementioned manufacturing processes are understood by this term.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weist jedes der Reflektormodule noch vier im Vertikalabstand des aufgestellten Reflektors beabstandet angeordnete Querstege 9 auf, die ebenfalls in einem vorstehend genannten Urformverfahren mit hergestellt sind. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel werden dadurch für jedes Reflektormodul 3 fünf Strahlerumgebungen erzeugt, die jeweils durch einen Abschnitt der beiden außenliegenden Seitenbegrenzungswände sowie durch zwei beabstandete Mittel- oder Querstege 9 oder einen Quersteg 9 und eine der beiden stirnseitigen Begrenzungswände 7 gebildet sind.In the illustrated embodiment, each of the reflector modules still four spaced apart in the vertical distance of the erected reflector transverse webs 9, which are also manufactured in a primary molding process mentioned above. In the exemplary embodiment shown, five emitter environments are thereby generated for each reflector module 3, which are each formed by a portion of the two outer side boundary walls and by two spaced center or transverse webs 9 or a transverse web 9 and one of the two end boundary walls 7.

In jeder derartigen Strahlerumgebung 11 ist in der Ebene 1' des Reflektors 1 zudem eine Reihe von Bohrungen durch Durchbrechungen 13 eingearbeitet, an denen dann die gewünschten Single- oder beispielsweise dualpolarisierten Strahlermodule am Reflektor 1 fest verankert und aufgebaut werden können. Die Strahlermodule selbst, insbesondere Dipolstrahlerstrukturen oder Patchstrahlerstrukturen können die unterschiedlichsten Gestaltungen aufweisen. Es wird hierzu auf vorbekannte Strahler und Strahlertypen verwiesen, wie sie dem Fachmann hinlänglich bekannt sind. Nur beispielhaft werden insoweit auf die aus den Vorveröffentlichenen DE 198 23 749 A1 oder WO 00/39894 bekannte Strahlerstrukturen verwiesen, die allesamt für den vorliegenden Fall geeignet sind. Ebenso kann das Reflektormodul auch für Antennen und Antennenarrays verwendet werden, die nicht nur in einem Frequenzband, sondern in zwei oder mehreren Frequenzbändern strahlen, indem beispielsweise in den einzelnen Strahlerumgebungen Strahleranordnungen eingebaut werden, die für unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder geeignet sind. Auch insoweit wird auf vorbekannte grundsätzliche Lösungen verwiesen. Mit anderen Worten können also die in den Strahlerumgebungen aufzubauenden Strahler beispielsweise aus Dipolstrahlern bestehen, d.h. aus einfachen Dipolstrahlern, die lediglich in einer Polarisation arbeiten oder in zwei Polarisationen, beispielsweise bestehend aus kreuzförmigen Dipolstrahlern oder Dipolstrahlern nach Art eines Dipolquadrates, sog. kreuzförmig strahlenden Vektordipolen, wie sie beispielsweise aus der WO 00/39894 bekannt sind oder aus Strahleranordnungen, die in einer oder zwei senkrecht zueinander stehenden Polarisationen nicht in einem, sondern beispielsweise auch in zwei oder drei Frequenzbändern und mehr strahlen und empfangen können. Das Gleiche gilt für die Verwendung von Patchstrahlern. Insoweit ist die Anordnung der Reflektormodule auf bestimmter Strahlertypen nicht eingeschränkt.In each such radiator environment 11 is in the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 also incorporated a number of holes through openings 13, where then the desired single or, for example, dual-polarized radiator modules can be firmly anchored to the reflector 1 and constructed. The radiator modules themselves, in particular dipole radiator structures or patch radiator structures, can have a wide variety of designs. Reference is made to previously known emitters and types of emitters, as they are well known to those skilled in the art. By way of example only, reference is made in this respect to the radiator structures known from the prior publications DE 198 23 749 A1 or WO 00/39894, all of which are suitable for the present case. Likewise, the reflector module can also be used for antennas and antenna arrays that radiate not only in one frequency band, but in two or more frequency bands, for example by The individual radiator environments are installed radiator arrangements that are suitable for different frequency bands. Also in this respect reference is made to previously known basic solutions. In other words, therefore, the emitters to be built up in the emitter environments can consist of dipole emitters, for example, simple dipole emitters which operate in one polarization or in two polarizations, for example consisting of cross-shaped dipole emitters or dipole emitters in the manner of a dipole square, so-called cross-shaped vector dipoles. as are known, for example, from WO 00/39894 or radiator arrangements which can radiate and receive in one or two mutually perpendicular polarizations not in one, but for example in two or three frequency bands and more. The same applies to the use of patch emitters. In that regard, the arrangement of the reflector modules is not limited to certain types of radiators.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Reflektor 1 aus zwei identischen Strahlermodulen 3 zusammengebaut, und zwar an ihrer hierfür vorgesehenen Stirn- oder Querseitenbegrenzung 7. Dort ist nämlich von der Mittellängsebene (d.h. von einer in der Mitte des Reflektors 1 in dessen Längsrichtung verlaufenden und senkrecht zur Reflektorebene stehenden Mittellängsebene) zum Außenrand versetzt liegend vorzugsweise sich über eine Teilhöhe quer zur Reflektorebene 1' erstreckend ein in Anbaurichtung vorstehender Gewindebohrungsansatz 15 vorgesehen, dessen Axialachse quer zur Ebene des Reflektorbleches ausgerichtet ist. Auf der anderen Seite zu der vorstehend erwähnten vertikalen Mittellängsebene ist dann ein nach innen vorstehender Gewindebohrungsansatz 17 ausgebildet, dergestalt, dass bei um 180° versetzt zueinander ausgerichteten Strahlermodulen 3, wie in Figuren 2 bis 4 dargestellt, nunmehr diese beiden Strahlermodule 3 an ihrer stirnseitigen Seitenbegrenzungsfläche 7 aufeinander zu bewegt werden können, so dass der jeweils stirnseitig vorstehende Gewindebohrungsansatz 15 des jeweiligen Strahlermoduls 3 in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung oder Bohrung 17' an der anderen Stirnseite des angrenzenden Strahlermoduls 3 eingreift, die sich in Axialrichtung an dem nach innen vorstehenden Gewindebohrungsansatz 17 anschließt. Dabei kommt die in dem jeweils stirnseitig überstehenden Ansatz 15 eingebrachte Gewindebohrung 15' in Draufsicht unmittelbar in axialer Verlängerung unterhalb der Bohrung 17' in dem nach innen vorstehenden Ansatz 17 des jeweils zweiten Reflektormoduls 3 zu liegen, so dass in die jeweils paarweise übereinander angeordneten Gewindebohrungen 15' bzw. Bohrungen 17' eine Schraube 18 eingedreht werden kann. Dabei weist die Bohrung 17' vorzugsweise einen zumindest geringfügig größeren Innendurchmesser auf, verglichen mit dem Innenquerschnitt der Gewindebohrung 15', so dass die betreffende Schraube durch die Bohrung 17' ohne zu verklemmen frei hindurchgesteckt werden kann. Schließlich kann anstelle einer Gewindebohrung 15' lediglich eine gewindefreie Bohrung vorgesehen sein, nämlich dann, wenn eine entsprechende Schraube selbst schneidend in diese Bohrung 15' eingedreht wird. Die entsprechenden Befestigungsansätze 15 und 17 sind also an jedem Quersteg 7, alsoan jeder Stirnwand 7, an jedem der beiden Reflektormodule 3 in unterschiedlicher Höhenlage vorgesehen, wodurch der Zusammenbau in 180° Relativlage zueinander entsprechend den Figuren 3a und 3b möglich ist. Die gesamten Abmessungen und Gestaltungen sind dabei derart, dass genau in dieser Stellung die beiden stirnseitigen Querbegrenzungswände 7 der beiden Reflektormodule 3 unter fester Anlage zueinander zu liegen kommen.In the illustrated embodiment, the reflector 1 is assembled from two identical radiator modules 3, namely at their intended front or lateral boundary 7. There is namely of the central longitudinal plane (ie extending from one in the center of the reflector 1 in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the reflector plane standing central longitudinal plane) lying offset to the outer edge preferably extending over a partial height transverse to the reflector plane 1 'extending in the mounting direction provided a threaded bore 15, whose axial axis is aligned transversely to the reflector plate. On the other side to the above-mentioned vertical central longitudinal plane then an inwardly projecting threaded bore 17 is formed, in such a way, that offset at 180 ° to each other aligned radiator modules 3, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, now these two radiator modules 3 can be moved towards each other at its front side boundary surface 7, so that the respective frontally projecting threaded hole 15 of the respective radiator module 3 in a corresponding Recess or bore 17 'engages the other end face of the adjacent radiator module 3, which adjoins the inwardly projecting threaded bore 17 in the axial direction. In this case, the introduced in the respective end face protruding projection 15 threaded hole 15 'in plan directly in axial extension below the bore 17' in the inwardly projecting lug 17 of the respective second reflector module 3 to lie, so that in the respective paired tapped holes 15th 'or holes 17' a screw 18 can be screwed. In this case, the bore 17 'preferably has an at least slightly larger inner diameter, compared with the inner cross section of the threaded bore 15', so that the relevant screw through the hole 17 'without jamming can be passed freely. Finally, instead of a threaded hole 15 'may be provided only a thread-free bore, namely, when a corresponding screw is self-tapping screwed into this bore 15'. The corresponding attachment lugs 15 and 17 are thus provided on each crosspiece 7, that is on each end wall 7, on each of the two reflector modules 3 at a different height, whereby the assembly in 180 ° relative position to each other according to the figures 3a and 3b is possible. The entire dimensions and designs are such that exactly in this position, the two end-side transverse boundary walls 7 of the two reflector modules 3 come to rest under fixed abutment.

Da zudem die Gewindebohrungsansätze 15 und 17 von der vertikalen Mittellängsebene nach außen versetzt liegen und jeweils an jedem Reflektormodul 3 in unterschiedlicher Höhenlage (bezogen auf die Ebene 1' des Reflektors 1) ausgebildet sind, ergibt sich eine optimale Zwei-Punkt-Abstützung, die hohe Kräfte, auch Wind- und Vibrationskräfte aufnehmen kann.In addition, since the threaded bores 15 and 17 are offset from the vertical central longitudinal plane to the outside and are each formed on each reflector module 3 in different altitude (relative to the plane 1 'of the reflector 1), there is an optimal two-point support, the high Forces, can also absorb wind and vibration forces.

Bei Bedarf kann vor dem Zusammenfügen der beiden stirnseitigen Querbegrenzungswände 7 der beiden Reflektormodule auch noch ein als Dämpfer dienendes Zwischenmaterial sandwichartig zwischen den beiden aneinander liegenden Stirnseiten 7 zweier benachbarter und aneinander montierter Reflektormodule 3 eingefügt werden. Dadurch können in einem geringen Maße auch noch zulässige Schwingungen der beiden Reflektormodule zueinander erlaubt werden, was insbesondere dann Vorteile aufweisen kann, wenn die Antenne sehr großen Kräften bei starken Stürmen und Vibrationen ausgesetzt ist.If necessary, before the joining of the two end-side transverse boundary walls 7 of the two reflector modules also serving as a damper intermediate material sandwiched between the two adjacent end faces 7 of two adjacent and mutually mounted reflector modules 3 are inserted. As a result, permissible oscillations of the two reflector modules relative to one another can be allowed to one another to a small extent, which may have advantages in particular if the antenna is subjected to very great forces under strong storms and vibrations.

Aus den Figuren 3a, 3b und 4 ist auch noch zu ersehen, dass noch zusätzliche, die beiden Reflektormodule 3 verbindende Verbindungslaschen 21 verwendet werden können, von denen jeweils eine Schraube 23 auf dem einen Reflektormodul 3 und die zweite Schraube 24 auf dem jeweils anderen Reflektormodul 3 von der Bodenseite her eingedreht werden kann. Die eine oder mehreren Verbindungslaschen überragen dabei die die beiden Reflektormodule 3 trennende Schnittfläche.It can also be seen from FIGS. 3 a, 3 b and 4 that additional connecting lugs 21 connecting the two reflector modules 3 can be used, of which in each case one screw 23 on one reflector module 3 and the second screw 24 on the respective other reflector module 3 can be screwed from the bottom side. The one or more connecting straps project beyond the cut surface separating the two reflector modules 3.

Nachfolgend wird auf Figur 5 Bezug genommen, in welcher ausschnittsweise zwei Strahlerumgebungen 11 eines Reflektormoduls gezeigt sind.Reference will now be made to FIG. 5, in which, in sections, two emitter environments 11 of a reflector module are shown.

Dort sind an den vorhandenen, im Rahmen des Urformgebungsvorganges ausgebildeten Querstegen 9 jeweils nicht leitende Halte- oder Befestigungseinrichtungen 27 aufgesetzt, die mit schlitzförmigen Ausnehmungen versehen sind, um hier beispielsweise weitere strahlformungsgebende und/oder der Entkopplung dienende elektrisch leitende Funktionsteile einsetzbar sind, und zwar kapazitiv einsetzbar sind. Denn die Halte- und Befestigungeinrichtungen 27 sind elektrisch nicht leitend, bestehen vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff oder einem sonstig geeigneten Dielektrikum. Durch die kapazitive Befestigung der genannten Funktionsteile 29 werden ebenfalls wieder unerwünschte Intermodulationsprodukte unterbunden. Zudem ist die bei Bedarf ergänzende Befestigung und Einbringung in den Strahlerumgebungen 11 mittels der erwähnten Halte- und Befestigungseinrichtung 27 vergleichweise einfach und höchst variabel möglich.There are at the existing, formed in the Urformgebungsvorganges transverse webs 9 each non-conductive holding or fastening means 27 are placed, which are provided with slot-shaped recesses to here, for example, further strahlformungsgebende and / or decoupling serving electrically conductive functional parts are used, and indeed capacitive can be used. Because the holding and fastening devices 27 are electrically non-conductive, preferably made of plastic or other suitable dielectric. Due to the capacitive attachment of said functional parts 29 unwanted intermodulation products are also prevented again. In addition, the need for additional attachment and introduction in the radiator environments 11 by means of the mentioned holding and fastening device 27 is comparatively simple and highly variable possible.

Alternativ oder ergänzend ist es ebenso möglich (wie in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellt ist), dass die erwähnten Halte- und Befestigungseinrichtungen 27 nicht oder nicht nur an den Querstegen 9, sondern beispielsweise auch an den Querseitenbegrenzungen 7 und/oder an den Längsseitenbegrenzungen 5 vorgesehen sind, d.h. dort verankerbar sind, beispielsweise durch Aufsetzen, Aufschnappen etc.Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible (as is not shown in detail in the drawing) that the mentioned holding and fastening means 27 not or not only on the transverse webs 9, but for example also on the transverse side boundaries 7 and / or provided on the longitudinal side boundaries 5 are, ie can be anchored there, for example by placing, snapping, etc.

Zudem sind - wie sich aus den Zeichnungen, beispielsweise Figur 5 auch ergibt - an den von Hause aus vorgesehenen Querstegen 9 noch weitere mit quer zur Ebene 1' des Reflektors ausgerichteten Bohrungen 31 versehene Verankerungsabschnitte 28 vorgesehen, an welchen beispielsweise zusätzliche der Strahlformung dienende und/oder der Entkopplung dienende Bauteile anbringbar sind, beispielsweise sich senkrecht gegenüber der Ebene 1' des Reflektors erstreckende stift- oder stabförmige Funktionsteile etc. Die Bohrungen 31 erstrecken sich also senkrecht zur Ebene 1' des Reflektors, wobei die Halte- und Befestigungseinrichtungen 28 als Verstärkungsabschnitte in den Querstegen 9, aber auch bei Bedarf, wie sich in der Darstellung gemäß Figur 3a und 3b ergibt, an den Querseitenbegrenzungen 7 ausgebildet sind.In addition, as is apparent from the drawings, for example, Figure 5 also at the provided from home transverse webs 9 even more with transverse to the plane 1 'of the reflector aligned bores 31 provided anchoring portions 28 are provided on which, for example, the beam forming serving and / or the decoupling components are attached, for example, perpendicular to the plane 1 'of the reflector extending pin or rod-shaped functional parts, etc. The holes 31 thus extend vertically to level 1 'of the reflector, wherein the holding and fastening means 28 as reinforcing sections in the transverse webs 9, but also when required, as shown in the illustration according to Figure 3a and 3b, are formed on the transverse side boundaries 7.

Nachfolgend wird auf die Figuren 6 und 7 Bezug genommen.Hereinafter, reference is made to Figures 6 and 7.

Anhand den Figuren 6 und 7 ist nur beispielhaft gezeigt, dass an dem Reflektor im Rahmen der erwähnten Herstellverfahren der Reflektormodule vorzugsweise an deren Unterseite (bei Bedarf aber auch an der die Strahler aufnehmenden Oberseite) weitere Funktionsteile 29 integriert sein können.Reference is made by way of example to FIGS. 6 and 7, in which further functional parts 29 can be integrated on the reflector in the context of the aforementioned manufacturing method of the reflector modules, preferably on the underside thereof (if required, but also on the top side receiving the radiator).

Anhand von Figuren 6 und 7 sind an der Unterseite Außenleiterabschnitte einer Verbindungs- und Speisestruktur für zwei vertikal benachbart sitzende Strahler gezeigt. Die von der Ebene 1' des Reflektors 1 nach unten vorstehende Außenleiterkontur in Form eines umlaufenden Gehäusesteges 35 dient dabei als Außenleiter. Über im Inneren zwischen diesen Gehäusestegen 35 einsetzbaren, vorzugsweise nicht leitenden und aus Kunststoff bestehenden Halteeinrichtungen 37 können dann beispielsweise hierin Innenleiter 43 verankert werden. Über ebenfalls vorgesehene Einspeisestellen 39 können dann beispielsweise Koaxialkabel 41 angeschlossen werden, indem beispielsweise der Außenleiter der Koaxialkabel mit dem umlaufenden Gehäusesteg 35 elektrisch/galvanisch kontaktiert wird, der die Außenleiterfunktion wahrnimmt, wohingegen elektrisch davon getrennt der Innenleiter der Koaxialkabel an einer geeigneten Stelle mit dem im Inneren des so gebildeten Verteilers vorgesehenen Innenleiter 43 elektrisch-galvanisch verbunden wird. Der Innenleiter ist dann soweit in dieser Verbindungsstruktur geführt und über eine der im Reflektorblech vorgesehenen Bohrungen auf die andere Reflektorebene geführt, um dort eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zu den dort vorgesehenen Strahlerelementen herzustellen.Referring to Figures 6 and 7, outer conductor portions of a connection and feed structure for two vertically adjacent radiators are shown at the bottom. The downwardly projecting from the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 outer conductor contour in the form of a circumferential housing web 35 serves as an outer conductor. By way of example, inner conductors 43 can then be anchored in this case via retaining devices 37 that can be inserted in the interior between these housing webs 35, preferably non-conductive and made of plastic. About also provided feed points 39 can then, for example, coaxial cable 41st connected, for example, by the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is electrically / galvanically contacted with the circumferential housing web 35, which perceives the outer conductor function, while electrically separated from the inner conductor of the coaxial cable at a suitable location with the provided inside the thus formed distributor inner conductor 43 electrically- is electrically connected. The inner conductor is then guided so far in this connection structure and guided over one of the holes provided in the reflector sheet to the other reflector plane, there to produce an electrically conductive connection to the radiator elements provided there.

Ebenso können aber auch andere Funktionsteile in dem erfindungsgemäßen Reflektor vorgesehen werden, also nicht nur Außenleiterstrukturen und Außenleiterkonturen sowie Innenleiterstrukturen für Leitungen von hochfrequenten Signalen, beispielsweise in Form von Kammerleitungen, Koaxialleitungen oder Streifenleitungen, sondern beispielsweise auch Konturen für elektromagnetische Abschirmungen, Gehäuseteile für HF-Komponenten wie Filter, Weichen, Verteiler, Phasenschieber, aktive Verstärker oder beispielsweise auch in Form von Schnittstellen für Halterungen, Befestigungen, Zusatzgeräte etc.However, other functional parts can likewise be provided in the reflector according to the invention, ie not only outer conductor structures and outer conductor contours and inner conductor structures for lines of high-frequency signals, for example in the form of chamber lines, coaxial lines or strip lines, but also, for example, contours for electromagnetic shields, housing parts for HF components such as filters, switches, distributors, phase shifters, active amplifiers or, for example, in the form of interfaces for holders, fasteners, accessories, etc.

Anhand der erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele ist beschrieben worden, wie zwei identisch ausgebildete Strahlermodule an jeweils einer Stirnwand 7 fest zusammen montiert werden können. Die gegenüber liegenden Stirnseiten sind hier unterschiedlich gestaltet, so dass ein Zusammenbau gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 3 bis 4 nur an einem stirnseitigen Steg 7 erfolgen kann. Dazu sind die identisch geformten Reflektormodule 3 um 180° relativ zueinander verdreht ausgerichtet, um zusammen montiert zu werden. Es können aber auch unterschiedlich gestaltete Strahlermodule in Vertikalrichtung zusammen gebaut werden, wenn sie zumidest jeweils an einer Stirnwand entsprechend ausgebildet sind, um dort über eine geeignete Halte- und Befestigungseinrichtung 27 fest aneinander fixiert werden zu können. Schließlich können aber auch mehr als zwei Reflektormodule, beispielsweise drei oder vier usw. in Vertikalrichtung oder auch in Horizontalrichtung seitlich zu einem gesamten Antennenarray zusammen gebaut werden. Beim vertikalen Zusammenbauen mehrere Reflektormodule ist dann nur erforderlich, dass zumindest die im mittleren Bereich angeordneten Reflektormodule sowohl am oberen als auch am unteren Stirnwandbereich 7 so ausgebildet sind, dass sie mit einem benachbart sitzenden nächsten Retlektormodul zusammengebaut werden können.Reference to the illustrated embodiments has been described how two identically designed radiator modules can be fixedly mounted together on one end wall 7. The opposite end faces are designed differently here, so that an assembly according to the embodiment of FIGS 3 to 4 can only be done on a front-side web 7. For this purpose, the identically shaped reflector modules 3 are 180 ° relative to each other twisted aligned to be mounted together. But it can also be constructed differently shaped radiator modules in the vertical direction, if they are at least each formed on a respective end wall, in order to be firmly fixed there to each other via a suitable holding and fastening device 27 can. Finally, however, more than two reflector modules, for example three or four, etc., can be built together in the vertical direction or in the horizontal direction laterally to form an entire antenna array. When vertically assembling a plurality of reflector modules is then only required that at least the reflector modules arranged in the central region are formed both at the top and at the bottom end wall portion 7 so that they can be assembled with a seated adjacent next reflector module.

Das Besondere an den erwähnten Funktionsteilen ist also, dass ein Teil eines zusätzlichen Funktionsteils, beispielsweise die Außenumgrenzung, die als Außenleiter dient, für eine Verbindungseinrichtung oder für einen Phasenschieber bereits von Hause aus Teil der Reflektoranordnung ist, so dass diese Bestandteile nur noch mit weiteren Funktionskomponenten oder weiteren Bestandteilen zur Erzielung einer vollständigen Baugruppe kompletiert werden müssen.The special feature of the mentioned functional parts is therefore that a part of an additional functional part, for example the outer boundary, which serves as outer conductor, is already part of the reflector arrangement for a connection device or for a phase shifter, so that these components only with further functional components or other components to complete a complete assembly must be completed.

Nachfolgend wird noch auf Figur 8 Bezug genommen. Dort ist noch ein weiteres Beispiel für ein anderes Funktionsteil gezeigt. Einstöckig mit dem Reflektormaterial verbunden, ist hier eine Außenumgrenzung, also ein umlaufender Gehäusesteg 35 gezeigt. Der Reflektor selbst bildet dabei den Boden, wobei der Gehäusesteg 35 die Außenumgrenzung bildet. Dieses Funktionsteil 29 kann beispielsweise als auf der Rückseite des Reflektors vorgesehene Phasenschieberanordnung dienen. Die Phasenschieber können dabei aufgebaut sein, wie sie grundsätzlich aus der Vorveröffentlichung WO 01/13459 A1 bekannt sind. Es wird insoweit auf diese Vorveröffentlichung verwiesen und zum Inhalt der vorliegenden Anmeldung gemacht. In der entsprechenden Gestaltung gemäß Figur 8 können also ein oder mehrere konzentrisch angeordnete teilkreisförmige Steifenleitungsabschnitte untergebracht werden, die mit einem zeigerähnlichen Verstellelement zusammenwirken, worüber die Weglänge zu den beiden angeschlossenen Strahlern oder Strahlergruppen und dadurch die Phasenlage für die Strahlerelemente ver- und eingestellt werden kann, um beispielsweise einen unterschiedlichen downtilt-Winkel einstellen zu können. Weitere beliebige andersartige Funktionsteile mit anderen Funktionen und Aufgaben können genauso von Hause aus an dem Reflektor, vorzugsweise an dessen Rückseite, zumindest teilsweise ausgebildet sein. Nachdem die in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellten weiteren einzubauenden Elemente für das Funktionsteil entsprechend montiert sind, kann der Einbauraum, der durch den Reflektorboden und den umlaufenden Gehäusesteg 35 gebildet ist, durch Befestigung und Anbringung einer Deckelanordnung verschlossen werden, die je nach Einsatzzweck elektrisch leitend ist, vorzugsweise aus einem Metallteil besteht, oder ansonsten auch aus einem kunststoff- oder dielektrischen Teil und dergleichen gebildet sein kann.In the following, reference is made to FIG. 8. There is shown yet another example of another functional part. Single-storey connected to the reflector material, here an outer boundary, ie a circumferential housing web 35 is shown. The reflector itself forms the bottom, wherein the housing web 35, the outer boundary forms. This functional part 29 can serve, for example, as a phase shifter arrangement provided on the rear side of the reflector. The phase shifters can be constructed, as they are basically known from the prior publication WO 01/13459 A1. Reference is made in this respect to this prior publication and made the content of the present application. In the corresponding design according to FIG. 8, one or more concentrically arranged part-circle stiffener line sections can thus be accommodated, which interact with a pointer-like adjusting element, via which the path length to the two connected radiators or radiator groups and thereby the phase position for the radiator elements can be adjusted and set. for example, to be able to set a different downtilt angle. Other arbitrary other functional parts with other functions and tasks can also be formed from home to the reflector, preferably at the back, at least partially. After the further elements to be installed in the drawings for the functional part are mounted according to the installation space, which is formed by the reflector base and the circumferential housing web 35, can be closed by attachment and attachment of a cover assembly which is electrically conductive depending on the purpose, preferably consists of a metal part, or otherwise may be formed from a plastic or dielectric part and the like.

Claims (20)

  1. Mobile radio antenna having a reflector which comprises two longitudinal face boundaries (5) which are provided on its longitudinal face regions, having the following features:
    - the reflector (1) comprises at least two reflector modules (3) which are or can be assembled,
    - antenna element arrangements (2) are arranged on each of the at least two reflector modules (3),
    - the respective reflector (1) or the respective reflector module (3) is electrically conductive, or is at least provided with a conductive surface,
    - characterized by the following further features:
    - the reflector module (3) is integrally connected to the two longitudinal face boundaries (5) and to at least one lateral face boundary (7) at the end, and is formed from a casting, a thermoformed or deep-drawn part, a stamped part or a milled part, and
    - a holding and/or attachment device (27) is provided on the at least one end transverse face boundary (7) for attachment to a second reflector module (3), and can be used to fix the at least two reflector modules (3) firmly to one another.
  2. Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reflector module (3) comprises a die-cast part, in particular a metal casting, preferably an aluminum casting and/or a tixo casting.
  3. Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reflector module (3) comprises a die-cast or injection-molded part, or a plastic injection-molded part with a metalized surface.
  4. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reflector (1) has at least two identical reflector modules (3).
  5. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reflector (1) has at least two different reflector modules (3).
  6. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one reflector module (3) can be joined to an adjacent reflector module (3), or are fixed to one another there, on its first end-face transverse face boundary (7) or on its opposite second end-face transverse face boundary (7).
  7. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least two reflector modules (3) of a reflector (1) are designed on their end transverse face boundaries (7) such that they can be fixed to one another or are mounted on one another in one fitting direction only by one of their end faces.
  8. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least two reflector modules (3) are conductively electrically connected to one another.
  9. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least two reflector modules (3) of a reflector (1) are fixed to one another such that the two end-face transverse face boundaries (7) which are adjacent to one another of two reflector modules (3) which are arranged such that they are adjacent are electrically conductively connected to one another.
  10. Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 9, characterized in that an insulating intermediate layer or device, a plastic layer and/or a dielectric, is inserted between the two end-face transverse face boundaries (7) on which two adjacent reflector modules (3) are fixed to one another.
  11. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least two reflector modules (3) of a reflector (1) have a damping material or a damping layer between their two end-face transverse face boundaries (7).
  12. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least two reflector modules (3) of a reflector (1) have attachment points and/or attachments (15) in the area of their end-face transverse face boundaries (7) in order to produce mutual fixing and stabilization, which are provided or formed on different planes parallel to the reflector plane.
  13. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that an attachment (15) which is offset outwards towards a longitudinal face boundary (5) from a central longitudinal plane which runs through the reflector module (3) in the center and is at right angles to the reflector plane projects in the fitting direction on at least one end-face transverse face boundary (7), and in that an attachment (17) which points inwards is provided more closely on the other side of the central longitudinal plane, and hence of the opposite longitudinal face boundaries (5), with the attachment (15) which projects outwards and the attachment (17) which extends inwards being arranged at two different height levels, such that, when two reflector modules (3) are joined together; the respectively formed attachments (15, 17) are rotated through 180° with respect to one another and can be connected to one another via attachment means, which run transversely with respect to the plane (1') of the reflector (1), preferably in the form of screws (23).
  14. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that nonconductive and/or dielectric holding attachment devices (27) can be anchored, fitted, or can be snapped etc., to the transverse struts (9), and functional parts (29) which are used for beam forming and/or for decoupling can be inserted on these holding attachment devices (27), without making electrical contact with the reflector.
  15. Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 14, characterized in that the functional parts (29) are formed from metalized strips or metal strips, metalized pins or metal pins.
  16. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at least one holding and/or attachment device (28) is provided in at least one transverse strut (9) and/or at least one transverse face boundary (7) and/or longitudinal face boundary (5), and a hole which runs transversely with respect to the plane (1') of the reflector module (3) is formed by further functional parts in this holding and/or attachment device (28).
  17. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one additional integrated functional part (29) is provided on the reflector module (3), preferably in the form of outer conductor contours and/or housing contours for cables for RF signals, grooved cables, coaxial cables or striplines, or contours for electromagnetic screens or housing parts for RF components such as filters, diplexers, distributors, phase shifters and the like:
  18. Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 17, characterized in that the at least one further functional part (29) which is provided is arranged on that face of the reflector module (3) which faces to the rear with respect to the antenna elements.
  19. Mobile radio antenna according to Claim 17, characterized in that the at least one functional part (29) is provided on the front face of the reflector module (3), facing the antenna elements.
  20. Mobile radio antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the reflector module (3) together with two transverse face boundaries (7), whose end faces are opposite, and/or with two longitudinal face boundaries (5) and/or with at least one further transverse web (9), which runs transversely with respect to the two longitudinal face boundaries (5), is formed from a casting, a thermoformed or deep-drawn part, or stamped part or a milled part.
EP04719422A 2003-04-11 2004-03-11 Reflector, in particular for a mobile radio antenna Expired - Lifetime EP1599916B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10316787A DE10316787A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 Reflector, especially for a cellular antenna
DE10316787 2003-04-11
PCT/EP2004/002557 WO2004091042A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-03-11 Reflector, in particular for a mobile radio antenna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1599916A1 EP1599916A1 (en) 2005-11-30
EP1599916B1 true EP1599916B1 (en) 2007-05-09

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EP04719422A Expired - Lifetime EP1599916B1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-03-11 Reflector, in particular for a mobile radio antenna

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US (1) US7023398B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1599916B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101095139B1 (en)
CN (1) CN2696143Y (en)
AT (1) ATE362201T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2004227457B2 (en)
DE (2) DE10316787A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2285447T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2004091042A1 (en)

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US7023398B2 (en) 2006-04-04
AU2004227457B2 (en) 2008-01-10
KR101095139B1 (en) 2011-12-16
AU2004227457A1 (en) 2004-10-21
DE502004003761D1 (en) 2007-06-21
CN2696143Y (en) 2005-04-27
US20040201542A1 (en) 2004-10-14
EP1599916A1 (en) 2005-11-30
KR20060009822A (en) 2006-02-01
ES2285447T3 (en) 2007-11-16
WO2004091042A1 (en) 2004-10-21
DE10316787A1 (en) 2004-11-11
ATE362201T1 (en) 2007-06-15

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