EP2047565B1 - Antenne à fentes et procédé d'identification par radiofréquence (rfid) - Google Patents

Antenne à fentes et procédé d'identification par radiofréquence (rfid) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2047565B1
EP2047565B1 EP07786308A EP07786308A EP2047565B1 EP 2047565 B1 EP2047565 B1 EP 2047565B1 EP 07786308 A EP07786308 A EP 07786308A EP 07786308 A EP07786308 A EP 07786308A EP 2047565 B1 EP2047565 B1 EP 2047565B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
slot
board
slots
slot antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07786308A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2047565A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Albrecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pepperl and Fuchs SE
Original Assignee
Pepperl and Fuchs SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pepperl and Fuchs SE filed Critical Pepperl and Fuchs SE
Publication of EP2047565A1 publication Critical patent/EP2047565A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2047565B1 publication Critical patent/EP2047565B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2216—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in a first aspect to a slot antenna, in particular a transmitting antenna for RFID, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a method for RFID.
  • a generic slot antenna has at least one antenna contour plate with a plurality of antenna slots and at least one drive circuit for exciting the antenna contour plate for emitting and / or receiving electromagnetic radiation.
  • RFID Remote radio-frequency identification
  • RFID technologies are used, for example, in the military sector, in identity documents, libraries and, in particular, in the field of industrial manufacturing technology and automation.
  • slot antennas are from the documents WO 2004/062035 .
  • EP 1 158 606 such as US 5,596,336 known.
  • the slot antenna disclosed therein has an antenna contour plate with an antenna slot and a drive circuit for exciting the antenna contour plate for emitting and / or receiving electromagnetic radiation.
  • a circuit board is plugged with a drive circuit.
  • the desired housing dimensions drastically reduce the number of integrable antennas.
  • the gain of the antennas must be identical, which appears hopeless when using previously known antennas.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a slot antenna, in particular for RFID applications, which allows a variety of applications and also has a particularly compact design.
  • a method for RFID is to be specified, with which an increased functionality is achieved.
  • the slot antenna of the above type is inventively further developed in that in at least one antenna slot, in particular from a rear side of the antenna contour plate, a circuit board is plugged with a drive circuit.
  • a slot antenna according to the invention is used and by varying the phase position of the drive circuits, a radiation direction of the radiation is selectively changed.
  • the drive circuit may include components of a feed system for coupling in the necessary drive or feed power.
  • a feed network with suitable drivers and matching circuits may be part of the drive circuit.
  • the drive circuit may also include a receiving circuit or parts thereof.
  • a first essential advantage of the invention can be seen in the fact that a particularly compact, ie space-saving arrangement is realized.
  • Another important advantage of the invention is that the dielectric properties of the printed circuit board material effectively cause a reduction of the antenna slots and thus a reduction of the wavelength.
  • a plurality of antenna slots arranged in pairs are present in the antenna contour plate. It is particularly preferred if two pairs of transverse, in particular mutually perpendicular, slots are present, since then the polarization of the radiation can be selectively varied by suitable control of the slots. With suitable phase position of the respective control of the slots Such an antenna can also emit circularly polarized radiation, as a result of which the functionality of the antenna according to the invention and of the method according to the invention is considerably increased.
  • the antenna contour plate may have a rectangular arrangement of four antenna slots or a cross arrangement of likewise four antenna slots.
  • a cross arrangement of likewise four antenna slots is arranged within a rectangular arrangement of four antenna slots.
  • the antenna slots can be considered nested inside each other.
  • the orientation of the cross-shaped antenna slots can be suitably chosen so that the antenna slots are substantially on the diagonal of the rectangular array. This slot arrangement allows a particularly compact design.
  • the drive circuits each have electronic phase shifters for defined setting of a phase position of a drive signal.
  • the named particularly preferred antenna array with a rectangular arrangement and a cross arrangement of antenna slots located therein accordingly consists of a plurality of slot radiators which are each driven via an electronically adjustable phase shifter.
  • the supply or the drive of the individual antenna slots via a perpendicular or transverse thereto printed circuit board.
  • This circuit board includes the feed zone of the slot radiator, a matching network, the phase shifter, filters, polarization switching and a suitable drive interface.
  • This embodiment is characterized by a particularly high functionality, since a redundancy of the system is achieved by the mutually tilted antenna slots. This means that even with loss of function of individual radiator elements no total failure occurs and such loss of function In any case, they can be partially compensated for by appropriate compensation measures.
  • the necessary drive power can be radiated from the drive circuits radiantly into the antenna contour plate.
  • the printed circuit boards in a surrounding region of the respective antenna slot are preferably galvanically coupled to the antenna contour plate, in the simplest case thus conductively connected.
  • the influence of the dielectric properties of the printed circuit board material on the antenna radiation is particularly great when the antenna slots are largely filled by the printed circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board may have a tongue, which is received in an exact fit in the respective antenna slot.
  • the structure according to the invention in which the printed circuit boards are inserted into the antenna slots, is therefore particularly economical because the substrate is efficiently concentrated essentially in the slot area.
  • the influence of the dielectric properties of the printed circuit board material can be increased if at least one printed circuit board is slightly above a transmitting side of the antenna contour plate survives.
  • the effect of the inserted printed circuit boards can be further increased if protruding parts of the printed circuit boards are provided with a metallic structuring.
  • a metallic structuring which is formed from conductor track sections running transversely to the antenna contour plate on the protruding parts of the printed circuit boards.
  • the circuit boards expediently have a contact with the slot radiator in the region of the antenna slot.
  • the location at which the feed or drive power is coupled into the antenna contour plate is particularly well defined.
  • the contacting between the antenna contour plate and the printed circuit board can take place by means of a conductor track region becoming increasingly narrower in the direction of the antenna contour plate on the printed circuit board. The location of the actual contact area is then defined very precisely.
  • the feeding of the slot can therefore be precise and in particular reproducible. This represents a considerable advantage with regard to the requirements for mass production. In this case, one is particularly completely free in the choice of feed points and thus receives an additional degree of freedom that can be used and varied targeted.
  • the printed circuit boards are plugged into a stabilization plate on an opposite side of the antenna contour plate.
  • This stabilization plate may in turn be a printed circuit board and carry other electronic or electrical components.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 An embodiment of the antenna 10 according to the invention will be described with reference to FIGS FIGS. 1 to 3 described. Corresponding components are each provided there with the same reference numerals.
  • the antenna 10 has, as essential components, an antenna contour plate 20, a plurality of conductor plates 50 with drive circuits 40 arranged thereon, and a stabilization plate 60, which can likewise carry electronic components.
  • antenna contour plate 20 has two mutually orthogonal antenna systems.
  • the first antenna system consists of a rectangular array of four antenna slots 31 and the second slot system consists of four cross-shaped antenna slots 32.
  • the cross-shaped antenna slots 32 are within the rectangle formed by the antenna slots 31 substantially on the diagonal.
  • the slit systems are therefore in one another and reduce the space required in this way.
  • the problem of driving or feeding the antenna slots is achieved according to the invention by the plugged into the antenna slots 31, 32 printed circuit boards 50th
  • a printed circuit board 50 inserted from a rear side 22 into the antenna contour plate 20 may also protrude slightly on a transmitting side 24 of the antenna contour plate 20. The effect of the dielectric properties of the printed circuit board material are thereby enhanced.
  • a projecting portion 54 of the circuit board 50 as also in Fig. 3 schematically shown, have a metallic pattern 52, which causes a field concentration in the antenna slot 30 and thus allows miniaturization.
  • the metallic structure 52 consists of transverse to the antenna contour plate 20 extending conductor track sections.
  • all the antenna slots 31, 32 have identical dimensions, so that in each case uniform feed networks or more generally, printed circuit boards 50 with drive circuits 40 can be used.
  • a stabilizing plate 60 is attached, which may also be a circuit board with other electrical and / or electronic components.
  • the in Fig. 1 shown construction with the rear stabilizing plate 60 is characterized overall by an excellent mechanical stability, with extremely compact design, from.
  • the printed circuit boards 50 sitting transversely on the blanks or stamped parts with the drive circuits 40 can receive passive and active components.
  • these drive circuits 40 serve to supply and to connect the antennas via galvanic coupling, in the simplest case therefore via a simple conductive connection. In comparison to radiation-coupled slot antennas this less space is needed.
  • the drive circuits 40 each have electronic phase shifters, since then the beam lobe and / or the directional characteristic of the antenna can be selectively changed by the method according to the invention.
  • an RFID reader 80 is shown, which is a slot antenna according to the invention of Fig. 3 having shown type.
  • Reference numerals 13, 14, 15 are individual RFID tags at different Locations designated.
  • TAG 13 is addressed, whereas in the deflected beam directions 12, 16 the TAGs 14 and 15 are addressed.
  • the change in the directional characteristic of the antenna according to the invention is carried out by targeted adjustment of the phase shifter in the drive circuits 40 of the respective antenna slots 31, 32nd
  • a single tag can be tracked using the antenna according to the invention.
  • individual TAGs can be specifically addressed and read out. A location with multiple readers at the same time is possible. Due to the well-defined directional characteristic of the antenna, certain solid angle ranges can furthermore be deliberately suppressed. This serves the interference suppression described above.
  • the present invention thus provides a miniaturizable slot antenna system, in particular for use in RFID readers.
  • RFID readers work particularly preferably in the microwave range, for example at 2.5 GHz.
  • An essential core idea of the method according to the invention is to selectively pivot an antenna directivity.
  • a high-performance and compact antenna system is provided by which, moreover, costs can be saved and which is particularly favorable with regard to the construction and connection technology.
  • the compactness of the antenna is understood in particular also to its reduced dimensions. Compared to the systems on the market, which are significantly larger than the slot antennas described here, a considerable advantage can be achieved thereby. Due to the possibility of beam pivoting, that is an electrically variable directional characteristic of the antenna construction, the density of the readers can be increased without the readers interfering with each other.
  • Potential interference such as microwave heaters
  • physical impairments can be compensated for and compensated by the immediate environment and the existing boundary conditions. Derived from this results in the possibility of tracking a volume.
  • the unavoidable in radio propagation zeros, due to stagnant waves, by means of frequency change or "frequency-hopping" and / or by the pivoting of the beam can be eliminated.
  • To regulate the range can be suitably a control of the radiated power transmission, as well as a variation of the sensitivity by means of low-noise preamplifiers are made.
  • phased-array antennas With the slot antenna according to the invention so-called “phased-array antennas" can be realized in an advantageous manner. With such antennas, an extremely rapid pivoting of the beam and also a very flexible adaptation of the antenna characteristic can be realized.
  • Applications of the invention may result in addition to reading systems, data carriers, general radio links, radar sensors and positioning systems in the field of access detection in buildings.
  • the invention provides a compact, intelligent antenna system with the possibilities of polarization switching and beam steering as a whole.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Antenne à fentes
    avec une plaque (20) de contour d'antenne comprenant une pluralité de fentes (30) d'antenne et
    avec au moins un circuit de commande (40) pour exciter la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne afin d'émettre et/ou de recevoir un rayonnement électromagnétique, caractérisée en ce que
    dans au moins une fente (30) d'antenne de la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne est inséré un circuit imprimé (50) avec un circuit de commande (40).
  2. Antenne à fentes selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne présente un agencement rectangulaire de quatre fentes (31) d'antenne.
  3. Antenne à fentes selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne présente un agencement cruciforme de quatre fentes (32) d'antenne.
  4. Antenne à fentes selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'agencement cruciforme de fentes (32) d'antenne est placé à l'intérieur de l'agencement rectangulaire de fentes (31) d'antenne.
  5. Antenne à fentes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    dans chaque fente (30) d'antenne est inséré un circuit imprimé (50) avec un circuit de commande (40).
  6. Antenne à fentes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce que
    des circuits imprimés (50) identiques sont insérés dans toutes les fentes (30) d'antenne.
  7. Antenne à fentes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les circuits imprimés (50) sont couplés galvaniquement à la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne dans une zone de voisinage de la fente (30) d'antenne respective.
  8. Antenne à fentes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    au moins un circuit imprimé dépasse légèrement par rapport à un côté d'émission (24) de la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne.
  9. Antenne à fentes selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    une partie en saillie (54) du circuit imprimé (50) est munie d'une structuration métallique (52).
  10. Antenne à fentes selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisée en ce que,
    en tant que structuration métallique (52), des sections (52) de piste conductrice s'étendant transversalement à la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne sont formées sur les parties saillantes (54) des circuits imprimés (50).
  11. Antenne à fentes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les circuits imprimés (50) sont insérés dans une plaque de stabilisation (60) sur une face (22) opposée à la plaque (20) de contour d'antenne.
  12. Procédé d'exploitation d'une antenne à fentes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11,
    dans lequel l'antenne à fentes comprend une pluralité de circuits de commande (40), une direction d'émission du rayonnement étant modifiée de manière ciblée en faisant varier des positions de phase des différents circuits de commande.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    par un choix approprié de la position de phase des différents circuits de commande (40), l'antenne à fentes est excitée pour émettre un rayonnement polarisé circulairement.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 12 ou 13,
    caractérisée
    en ce que les circuits de commande (40) présentent chacun des décaleurs électroniques de phase, et
    en ce que le lobe d'émission et/ou la caractéristique directionnelle de l'antenne à fentes est(sont) modifié(s) de manière ciblée avec les décaleurs électroniques de phase.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les zéros résultant d'ondes stationnaires sont éliminés par changement de fréquence ou "saut de fréquence" et/ou par pivotement du rayon.
EP07786308A 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 Antenne à fentes et procédé d'identification par radiofréquence (rfid) Not-in-force EP2047565B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2007/006582 WO2009012796A1 (fr) 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 Antenne à fentes et procédé d'identification par radiofréquence (rfid)

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2047565A1 EP2047565A1 (fr) 2009-04-15
EP2047565B1 true EP2047565B1 (fr) 2010-05-19

Family

ID=39269293

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07786308A Not-in-force EP2047565B1 (fr) 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 Antenne à fentes et procédé d'identification par radiofréquence (rfid)

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US7999736B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2047565B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5205455B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101755366B (fr)
AT (1) ATE468628T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502007003877D1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1130953A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009012796A1 (fr)

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EP2642424A1 (fr) 2012-03-21 2013-09-25 BALLUFF GmbH Système d'identification

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JP2007181173A (ja) * 2006-09-28 2007-07-12 Yunikonsaru Kk 平面アンテナ
US8081063B2 (en) * 2006-11-13 2011-12-20 Trimble Navigation Limited Systems and methods for Q value determination
CN101755366B (zh) 2007-07-24 2015-04-01 倍加福有限责任公司 缝隙天线及rfid方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2642424A1 (fr) 2012-03-21 2013-09-25 BALLUFF GmbH Système d'identification
DE102012102417A1 (de) 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Balluff Gmbh Identifikationssystem

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EP2047565A1 (fr) 2009-04-15
JP5205455B2 (ja) 2013-06-05
US20110316746A1 (en) 2011-12-29
WO2009012796A1 (fr) 2009-01-29
CN101755366B (zh) 2015-04-01
US20100117902A1 (en) 2010-05-13
JP2010534435A (ja) 2010-11-04
US8723727B2 (en) 2014-05-13
CN101755366A (zh) 2010-06-23
ATE468628T1 (de) 2010-06-15
DE502007003877D1 (de) 2010-07-01
US7999736B2 (en) 2011-08-16
HK1130953A1 (en) 2010-01-08

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