EP2041821A1 - Système de cellules électrochimiques comportant un reformeur et un brûleur de postcombustion - Google Patents

Système de cellules électrochimiques comportant un reformeur et un brûleur de postcombustion

Info

Publication number
EP2041821A1
EP2041821A1 EP07764399A EP07764399A EP2041821A1 EP 2041821 A1 EP2041821 A1 EP 2041821A1 EP 07764399 A EP07764399 A EP 07764399A EP 07764399 A EP07764399 A EP 07764399A EP 2041821 A1 EP2041821 A1 EP 2041821A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
reformer
afterburner
supplied
cell system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07764399A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Boltze
Michael Rozumek
Stefan Käding
Manfred Pfalzgraf
Andreas Engl
Beate Bleeker
Michael Süßl
Markus Bedenbecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enerday GmbH
Original Assignee
Enerday GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Enerday GmbH filed Critical Enerday GmbH
Publication of EP2041821A1 publication Critical patent/EP2041821A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell system, comprising a reformer with an oxidation zone, which is supplied by means of a Brennstoffzu 1500ein- supplied fuel for reaction with oxidizing agent; and an afterburner with an oxidation zone, which supplied fuel can be supplied by means of a Brennstoffzu 1500ein- direction for reaction with oxidizing agent.
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a fuel cell system.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system, comprising the steps of: supplying fuel located in a fuel tank to an oxidation zone of a reformer, in which the fuel is convertible with oxidizing agent; and supplying fuel in a fuel tank to an oxidation zone of an afterburner in which the fuel is convertible with oxidant.
  • Fuel cell systems are used to convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
  • the key element in such systems is a fuel cell in which electrical energy is released by the controlled conversion of hydrogen and oxygen.
  • Fuel cell systems must be able to process common fuels in practice. Since hydrogen and oxygen are converted in a fuel cell, the fuel used must be treated in such a way that the en the gas supplied to the fuel cell has the highest possible proportion of hydrogen - this is the task of the reformer.
  • a reformer fuel and oxidizing agent preferably air, fed. In the reformer then takes place an implementation of the fuel with the oxidizing agent.
  • a reformer of the prior art is known from DE 103 59 205 Al.
  • an afterburner is provided in the fuel cell system.
  • An afterburner of the prior art is known from DE 10 2004 049 903 Al.
  • Object of the present invention is the generic fuel cell system, the generic motor vehicle and the generic method for operating a fuel cell system in such a way that an optimized operation of the fuel cell system can be achieved.
  • the fuel cell system according to the invention builds on the generic state of the art in that the fuel supply device of the reformer and the fuel supply of the afterburner are adapted to supply fuel such that the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device of the reformer fuel from that supplied by the fuel supply of the Nach-. Burner supplied fuel with respect to fuel grade and / or state of aggregation and / or feed temperature differs.
  • Burner supplied fuel with respect to fuel grade and / or state of aggregation and / or feed temperature differs.
  • This has the advantage over the prior art that these parameters can be selected and adapted so that optimum starting conditions for the respective evaporation in the corresponding oxidation zone of the reformer or the afterburner result.
  • This has the further advantage that the working range of the fuel cell system is broadened because the reformer and the afterburner can be operated in an improved manner and adapted to the respective structural design.
  • Fuel supply of the reformer is adapted to be connected to a first fuel tank, and the fuel supply of the afterburner is adapted to, with a separate second fuel tank to be connected. Due to the different evaporation temperatures, enthalpies and velocities of different fuel types, by supplying the oxidation zone of the reformer and the oxidation zone of the afterburner with different fuel grades, the fuel grade can be selected so that the evaporation and the associated conversion proceeds optimally in the respective zone.
  • the invention provides a motor vehicle with such a fuel cell system that provides the advantages described above in a transferred manner.
  • the generic method can advantageously be further developed in that the fuel supplied to the oxidation zone of the reformer differs from the fuel supplied to the oxidation zone of the afterburner in terms of fuel grade and / or state of aggregation and / or feed temperature. Also in the context of the method according to the invention, this has the advantage over the prior art that these parameters can be selected and adapted such that optimal starting conditions for the respective evaporation in the corresponding oxidation zone of the reformer or of the afterburner result , This also has the further advantage that the working range of the fuel cell system is broadened because the reformer and the afterburner can be operated in an improved manner and adapted to the respective structural design.
  • the method according to the invention can be developed such that the fuel supplied to the oxidation zone of the reformer is supplied from a first fuel tank and the fuel supplied to the oxidation zone of the afterburner from a separate second fuel tank. Due to the different vaporization temperatures, enthalpies and velocities of different types of fuel, by supplying the oxidation zone of the reformer and the oxidation zone of the afterburner with different fuel types, the fuel grade can be selected so that the evaporation and the associated conversion proceeds optimally in the respective zone.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a fuel line system according to a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a reformer according to the first embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an afterburner according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a fuel
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system according to a first exemplary embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system 10 installed in a motor vehicle comprises a reformer 12, which has a first fuel line 14 from a first fuel tank 16
  • Fuel is supplied. Furthermore, fuel is supplied to the reformer 12 at a further feed point by means of a second fuel train 18 from the first fuel tank 16. Furthermore, the reformer 12 via a first Oxidationsffenstrang 22 oxidizing agent, for example, air supplied.
  • the reformate produced by the reformer 12 is fed to a fuel cell stack 26 via a reformate train 24.
  • the reformate is a hydrogen-containing gas which is reacted in the fuel cell stack 26 with the aid of cathode feeds via a cathode feed line 28 to generate electricity and heat.
  • the generated power can be tapped off via electrical connections 30.
  • the anode exhaust gas is fed via an anode exhaust gas line 32 to a mixing unit 34 of an afterburner 36.
  • the afterburner 36 can be supplied with fuel from a second fuel tank 20 via a third fuel line 38.
  • the fuel types for the first and second fuel tanks 16, 20 are diesel, gasoline, biogas, natural gas and other fuels. Tere known from the prior art fuel varieties in question.
  • the fuel grade in the first fuel tank 16 differs from the type of fuel in the second fuel tank 20.
  • the afterburner 36 can be supplied with oxidant via a second oxidant strand 40.
  • the depleted anode exhaust gas is reacted with the conveyed fuel and oxidizing agent to form a combustion exhaust gas, which is mixed in a mixing unit 42 with cathode exhaust air, which is conveyed via a cathode exhaust air line 44 from the fuel cell stack 26 to the mixing unit 42.
  • the combustion exhaust gas which contains virtually no pollutants, flows through a heat exchanger 46 for preheating the cathode supply air and finally leaves the fuel cell system 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the reformer according to the first embodiment.
  • the reformer 12 comprises an oxidation zone 48, which can be supplied with fuel to a primary fuel feed device 50.
  • the fuel supply device 50 is connected to the first fuel path 14, so that the primary fuel supply device 50 is supplied with the fuel type stored in the first fuel tank 16.
  • an oxidant supply device 52 connected to the first oxidant strand 22 is provided, by means of which oxidizing agent can be fed to the oxidation zone 48.
  • an implementation of fuel and oxidant takes place in a combustion or exothermic complete oxidation reaction.
  • the resulting hot Artsgasström then occurs downstream, ie right in Fig. 2 in a mixing zone 54 a.
  • the individual zones of the reformer are shown in FIG.
  • the zones may be separated by structural features or blended into each other.
  • additional fuel is admixed to the product gas stream formed by means of a secondary fuel supply device 56.
  • the primary and secondary fuel feed devices 50, 56 are each an injection nozzle and preferably a Venturi nozzle, but the fuel can also be supplied to the oxidation zone 48 or the mixing zone 54 by means of a fuel feed device of the vaporization type, which has a porous evaporation unit.
  • the secondary fuel supply device 56 is connected to the second fuel line 18 so that fuel stored in the first fuel tank 16 can be fed to the secondary fuel supply device 56.
  • the mixing zone 54 is supplied with oxidizing agent.
  • the mixed with the additional fuel gas mixture enters a reforming zone 58, where it is reacted in an endothermic reaction in a hydrogen-rich gas mixture, preferably by means of a catalyst arranged there.
  • This reformate ie hydrogen-rich gas mixture, leaves the reformer 12 via the Reformatstrang 24 and is available for further use for the fuel cell stack 26.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an afterburner according to the first embodiment.
  • the afterburner 36 comprises an oxidation zone 60, which can be supplied with fuel to a fuel feed device 62.
  • the fuel feeder 62 is connected to the third fuel train 38, so that the fuel feeder 62 is supplied with the fuel type stored in the second fuel tank 20.
  • the fuel supply device 62 is an injection nozzle and preferably a Venturi nozzle, however, the fuel can also be supplied to the oxidation zone 60 by means of an evaporation-type fuel supply device having a porous evaporation unit.
  • an oxidant supply device 64 connected to the second oxidant strand 40 is provided, by means of which oxidizing agent can be fed to the oxidation zone 60.
  • a reaction of fuel and oxidant takes place in an exothermic oxidation reaction, ie as complete as possible combustion.
  • the resulting combustion exhaust gas then occurs downstream, ie right in Fig. 3 in a mixing zone 66 a.
  • the individual zones of the afterburner 36 are separated graphically in FIG. 3 by dashed lines. The zones may be separated by structural features or blended into each other.
  • anode exhaust gas is added to the resulting combustion exhaust gas by means of the mixing unit 34.
  • the mixed with the anode exhaust gas mixture enters a combustion zone 68, which is filled in the embodiment shown by a porous body in which the gas mixture burns almost completely, ie the gas mixture burns up on the pore body in the combustion zone 68th
  • fuel of the same type of fuel is stored in the first fuel tank 16 and in the second fuel tank 20, which, however, differs by its state of aggregation (ie gaseous, liquid).
  • one fuel can be present in liquid form in one of the fuel tanks, and fuel in the other fuel tank can be disposed of the same fuel in a gaseous state. This is achieved by having a higher pressure both in one fuel tank and in the associated fuel strands than in the other fuel tank, which retains the fuel in a gaseous state.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system according to a second embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system 10 of the second exemplary embodiment differs from the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 in that, instead of the first and second fuel tanks 16 and 20, only a single fuel tank 70 is installed in the motor vehicle. This fuel tank 70 supplies the first, second and third fuel lines 14, 18 and 38 with fuel of the same fuel grade.
  • the primary fuel supply means 50 of the reformer 12 and the fuel supply means 62 of the afterburner 36 are formed or operated such that the fuel supplied from the primary fuel supply means 50 of the reformer 12 at the supply to the corresponding zone of the reformer 12 a different temperature than the fuel supplied from the fuel supply 62 of the afterburner 36.
  • the primary fuel supply device 50 and the fuel supply device 62 are provided with a heating or cooling device, not shown.
  • this different feed temperature of the fuel also by means of a heating or cooling device in the first and / or third Fuel strand 14, 38 can be achieved.
  • This temperature difference may also cause the fuel to be supplied to the primary fuel supply 50 of the reformer 12 in a different state than the fuel supply 62 of the afterburner 36.
  • suitable delivery devices such as, for example, pumps or blowers and / or control valves for flow regulation, may be provided in the fuel strands 14, 18 and 38, in the oxidant strands 22 and 40 and in the cathode air strands 28.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de cellules électrochimiques (10) comportant un reformeur (12) présentant une zone d'oxydation (48) vers laquelle du combustible stocké peut être acheminé au moyen d'un dispositif d'acheminement de combustible (50) pour la réaction avec un agent oxydant; et un brûleur de postcombustion (36) présentant une zone d'oxydation (60) vers laquelle du combustible stocké peut être acheminé au moyen d'un dispositif d'acheminement de combustible (62) pour la réaction avec un agent oxydant. Selon l'invention, le dispositif d'acheminement de combustible (50) du reformeur (12) et le dispositif d'acheminement de combustible (62) du dispositif de post-combustion (36) sont conçus pour acheminer du combustible de telle manière que le combustible acheminé par le dispositif d'acheminement de combustible (50) du reformeur (12) diffère du combustible acheminé par le dispositif d'acheminement de combustible (62) du dispositif de post-combustion (36) en matière de type de combustible et/ou d'état d'agglomération et/ou de température d'acheminement. L'invention concerne également un véhicule comportant un tel système de cellules électrochimiques et un procédé d'utilisation d'un tel système de cellules électrochimiques.
EP07764399A 2006-07-13 2007-06-21 Système de cellules électrochimiques comportant un reformeur et un brûleur de postcombustion Withdrawn EP2041821A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006032471A DE102006032471A1 (de) 2006-07-13 2006-07-13 Brennstoffzellensystem mit Reformer und Nachbrenner
PCT/DE2007/001101 WO2008006334A1 (fr) 2006-07-13 2007-06-21 Système de cellules électrochimiques comportant un reformeur et un brûleur de postcombustion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2041821A1 true EP2041821A1 (fr) 2009-04-01

Family

ID=38535509

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07764399A Withdrawn EP2041821A1 (fr) 2006-07-13 2007-06-21 Système de cellules électrochimiques comportant un reformeur et un brûleur de postcombustion

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20100212991A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2041821A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009543305A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090028628A (fr)
CN (1) CN101490886A (fr)
AU (1) AU2007272142A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0714215A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2657457A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006032471A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA200970027A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008006334A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008019942A1 (de) 2008-04-21 2009-10-22 Enerday Gmbh Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem Nachbrenner
JP5750341B2 (ja) * 2011-05-12 2015-07-22 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池システム
CN104092376B (zh) * 2014-07-20 2016-09-21 国网山东省电力公司泰安供电公司 一种新型直流多级降压稳压电路

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000123846A (ja) 1998-10-19 2000-04-28 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd 燃料電池システム
DE10013597A1 (de) 2000-03-18 2001-09-27 Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh Kombinationsanlage mit einer Brennstoffzelle und einem Verbrennungsmotor und/oder Brenner
DE10025668A1 (de) * 2000-05-24 2001-12-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffzellenanlage mit einem Reformer
DE10028331C2 (de) * 2000-06-05 2002-11-07 Vodafone Ag Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Hochfahren eines Brennstoffzellensystems sowie Verwendung des Brennstoffzellensystems
US20030223926A1 (en) 2002-04-14 2003-12-04 Edlund David J. Steam reforming fuel processor, burner assembly, and methods of operating the same
DE10306234B4 (de) 2003-02-04 2009-09-17 Daimler Ag Verfahren zur Luftversorgung einer Brennstoffzelle und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE10349075B4 (de) * 2003-10-22 2016-01-07 Airbus Operations Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr von Brennstoff zu einem Brenner in einem Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem Reformer
DE10359205B4 (de) * 2003-12-17 2007-09-06 Webasto Ag Reformer und Verfahren zum Umsetzen von Brennstoff und Oxidationsmittel zu Reformat
DE102004049903B4 (de) * 2004-10-13 2008-04-17 Enerday Gmbh Brennervorrichtung mit einem Porenkörper

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2008006334A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008006334A1 (fr) 2008-01-17
AU2007272142A1 (en) 2008-01-17
CN101490886A (zh) 2009-07-22
BRPI0714215A2 (pt) 2013-01-29
JP2009543305A (ja) 2009-12-03
DE102006032471A1 (de) 2008-01-17
EA200970027A1 (ru) 2009-06-30
US20100212991A1 (en) 2010-08-26
CA2657457A1 (fr) 2008-01-17
KR20090028628A (ko) 2009-03-18

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