EP2037476B1 - Actionneur électromagnétique et appareil interrupteur équipé d'un tel actionneur électromagnétique - Google Patents

Actionneur électromagnétique et appareil interrupteur équipé d'un tel actionneur électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2037476B1
EP2037476B1 EP08354050A EP08354050A EP2037476B1 EP 2037476 B1 EP2037476 B1 EP 2037476B1 EP 08354050 A EP08354050 A EP 08354050A EP 08354050 A EP08354050 A EP 08354050A EP 2037476 B1 EP2037476 B1 EP 2037476B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air gap
moving part
gap surface
actuator according
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08354050A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2037476A1 (fr
Inventor
Christophe Cartier Millon
Christian Bataille
Philippe Pruvost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication of EP2037476A1 publication Critical patent/EP2037476A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H53/00—Relays using the dynamo-electric effect, i.e. relays in which contacts are opened or closed due to relative movement of current-carrying conductor and magnetic field caused by force of interaction between them
    • H01H53/01—Details
    • H01H53/015—Moving coils; Contact-driving arrangements associated therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for use in an electrical switch device, and in particular in a relay type device, contactor or circuit breaker contactor.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical switch device comprising at least one fixed contact cooperating with at least one movable contact for switching the supply of an electric load.
  • EP1655755 describes such an electromagnetic actuator for electrical switch device.
  • the force exerted on the moving part is mainly a Laplace force which results from the variation of the mutual inductance between the magnet assembly and the excitation coil.
  • This Laplace force is generally proportional to the intensity of the current in the excitation coil and to the induction generated by the magnet assembly.
  • the force exerted on the moving part is also a magnetic force causing a change in the reluctance due to the variation of the thickness of the air gap of variable thickness between the open and closed positions.
  • a disadvantage of this type of actuator is that the force exerted on the moving part is not optimized, which leads to a decrease in the operating efficiency.
  • the actuator according to the invention is characterized in that the magnet assembly is mounted facing the second air gap surface so that, whatever the position of the moving part, the residual magnetic gap is always formed between the second gap surface of the ferromagnetic element of the movable portion and a corresponding air gap surface of the magnet assembly, and in that the at least one magnet of the magnet assembly is mounted on one face of the ferromagnetic yoke and extends substantially over the entire dimension parallel to the axis of displacement of said face.
  • the ferromagnetic yoke comprises a base, at least one lateral flank and a fixed central core, the at least one magnet of the magnet assembly being mounted on one side of said flanks and extending over substantially the entire dimension parallel to the flange. axis of displacement of said flanks.
  • the excitation coil is fixedly mounted on the fixed part.
  • the excitation coil is fixedly mounted on the moving part.
  • the excitation coil is mounted so as to surround the gap of variable thickness.
  • the ferromagnetic element of the mobile part comprises a mobile central core, the first gap surface being formed on said core.
  • the ferromagnetic element of the mobile part comprises at least one lateral part, the second gap surface being formed on said lateral part.
  • the first air gap surface and the corresponding air gap surface of the ferromagnetic yoke forming the magnetic gap of variable thickness have two intersecting planes.
  • the actuator comprises a single magnetic single gap of variable thickness.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical switch device comprising at least one fixed contact cooperating with at least one movable contact to switch the supply of an electric charge, said apparatus comprising at least one electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims for actuating the at least one moving contact.
  • the figure 1 represents a simplified longitudinal section of a first embodiment of an actuator according to the invention in the open position.
  • the figure 2 represents the actuator of the figure 1 in closed position.
  • the figure 3 schematically represents a variant with respect to the mode of figures 1 and 2 .
  • the figure 4 represents a simplified longitudinal section of a second embodiment of an actuator according to the invention in the open position.
  • the figure 5 schematically represents a variant with respect to the mode of figure 4 .
  • the figure 6 represents a simplified longitudinal section of a particular embodiment according to the invention.
  • an actuator 11 of a switchgear comprises a fixed part 12 comprising a ferromagnetic yoke 13 having the shape of a "U" with two lateral flanks 14, 15, a base 16 and a fixed central core 17.
  • an excitation coil 21 is fixedly mounted on the fixed part 12 so as to surround the fixed central core 17.
  • This coil is associated with unrepresented control means of an electric control current for controlling the position and the speed of the moving part.
  • the moving part 22 essentially consists of a ferromagnetic element 23 comprising a movable central core 24 and two lateral parts 25. This movable part can move along a longitudinal axis of displacement 26 between a closed position, as represented in FIG. figure 2 , and an open position, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the actuator 11 also comprises a magnet assembly consisting of two magnets 31, 32 for moving the moving part 22 when an electric control current passes through the excitation coil 21.
  • the magnets are fixed on a face 33 of the inner wall lateral flanks 14, 15 and extend in a direction parallel to the axis of displacement 26.
  • the magnets are mounted symmetrically with respect to the axis of displacement 26.
  • the magnetization axes of the magnets 31, 32 are perpendicular and symmetrical with respect to the axis of displacement 26, and they are indifferently directed either towards this axis of displacement, or the opposite of this same axis.
  • the magnetic circuit of the actuator 11 comprises a magnetic gap of variable thickness 34 formed between a first air gap surface 35 of the ferromagnetic element 23 of the mobile part 22 and an associated air gap surface of the ferromagnetic yoke 13 of the fixed part 12, the two surfaces being vis-à-vis.
  • the magnetic circuit of the actuator consists of two halves symmetrical with respect to the axis of displacement 26. Each magnetic circuit half has a residual magnetic gap 36, 37 of substantially constant thickness. This residual air gap is formed between a second air gap surface 38, 39 substantially parallel to the axis of displacement 26 and a corresponding air gap surface of the fixed part. This residual gap makes it possible in particular not to saturate the magnetic circuit when the moving part is in a closed position.
  • the magnets 31, 32 of the magnet assembly are mounted opposite the second air gap surface 38, 39.
  • residual magnetic gap 36, 37 is always formed between the second air gap surface of the ferromagnetic element 38, 39 and a corresponding air gap surface on the magnet assembly.
  • the two symmetrical halves of the magnetic circuit When a current flows in the coil 21, the two symmetrical halves of the magnetic circuit generate a magnetic flux B1.
  • the magnetic flux path B1 is as follows: fixed central core 17, base 16, sidewalls 14, 15, upper part of the magnets 31, 32, residual air gaps 36, 37 between said magnets and the second air gap surfaces 38, 39 of the movable part, lateral parts 25 of the movable part, movable central core 24, and air gap of variable thickness 34.
  • This flow magnetic B1 generates a magnetic force which is exerted on the movable portion 22 so as to reduce the thickness of the gap of variable thickness 34.
  • each magnet 31, 32 creates the magnetic fluxes B2, B3 as represented on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the magnetic flux path B2 is as follows: mobile central core 24, air gap of variable thickness 34, fixed central core 17, base 16, flanks 14, 15, before looping back into the magnets 31, 32.
  • the magnetic flux path B3 is, as for him, the following: lateral parts 25 of the movable part 22 and flanks 14, 15, before looping back into the magnets 31, 32.
  • the flows B2 and B3 pass through the coil substantially perpendicular to the axis of displacement 26.
  • a Laplace force is created which also tends to move the mobile part according to the displacement axis 26. This force is proportional in particular to the intensity of the current in the coil and the magnetic induction generated by the magnet assembly.
  • the thickness of the gap of variable thickness 34 is maximum, and the attraction force created by the magnetic flux B1 on the moving part is minimal because this force is generally inversely proportional to the thickness of the gap of the magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic force generated by the coil and the Laplace force will both contribute to the displacement of the movable portion 22 to the closed position.
  • the combination of these two magnetic forces is all the more important that the magnetic flux B1, B2, generated on the one hand by the magnet, and on the other hand by the excitation coil, are both directed into the same direction in the whole of the movable part 22, as well as in the air gap of variable thickness. This leads to an increase in the operating efficiency of the actuator.
  • the actuator 11 When the actuator 11 is in the closed position, the thickness of the gap of variable thickness 34 is minimal, and the attraction force created by the magnetic flux B1 on the moving part is maximum.
  • the actuator 11 may comprise return means, such as a return spring not shown.
  • this movement can be controlled using the control current in the coil 21. for example, to significantly speed up the opening, ie the displacement of the movable part to an open position, a reverse current can be sent in the coil 21 so as to counteract the Laplace force.
  • the magnets 31 and 32 of the magnet assembly are mounted on a face 33 of the inner wall of the lateral flanks 14, 15.
  • Each magnet extends substantially over the entire dimension parallel to the axis of displacement of said face, c that is to say over the entire height of the inner wall of the lateral flanks.
  • the weight of the moving part is relatively small compared to a voice coil type actuator, that is to say with an excitation coil mounted on the moving part. This contributes to an improvement in the overall efficiency of the actuator.
  • an actuator 41 has most of the elements represented on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the mobile part 42 of the magnetic circuit is composed of a movable central core 43 of ferromagnetic material having a first air gap surface 44 which is not perpendicular to the axis of displacement.
  • the first air gap surface 44 has two intersecting planes.
  • the fixed central core 45 of the ferromagnetic yoke 46 has a corresponding gap area 47 complementary to the first gap surface.
  • the shape of the gap surfaces 44, 47 forming the air gap of variable thickness of the actuator 41 in particular increases the size of said gap surfaces.
  • the magnetic attraction force generated by the circulation of a control current in the coil 21 is greater.
  • the first air gap surface 44 has a groove shape.
  • the corresponding gap surface 47 of the fixed central core 45 of the As for the ferromagnetic cylinder head 46 it has a protuberance or bevel shape.
  • the mobile central core recovers, thanks to its groove gap, a greater part of the magnetic losses. These magnetic losses are therefore minimized, which contributes to increase the closing force.
  • This variant is particularly advantageous in the embodiments requiring, on the one hand, an appearance of the magnetic forces in the earlier actuating stroke, and on the other hand, a better magnetic resistance in the closed position.
  • the excitation coil is fixedly mounted on the moving part.
  • the actuator 61 comprises a fixed part 12 comprising a ferromagnetic yoke 13 having the shape of a "U" and a movable part 62 comprising a ferromagnetic element 63 comprising a movable central core 64 and two lateral parts 65.
  • the excitation coil 66 is fixedly mounted on the movable portion 62 by means of connecting means 67 between the coil and the movable central core 64 of the movable part.
  • the coil is also mounted to surround the movable central core 64 of the movable portion 62.
  • each magnet 31, 32 creates the magnetic flux B5, B6, whose paths are substantially the same as in the embodiment of figures 1 and 2 .
  • a control current passes through the coil 66, a Laplace force is created which also tends to move the moving part.
  • the magnetic force generated by the coil and the Laplace force will both contribute to moving the movable portion 62 to a closed position.
  • an actuator 81 has most of the elements represented on the figure 4 .
  • the mobile part 82 of the magnetic circuit is composed of a movable central core 83 of ferromagnetic material having a first air gap surface 84.
  • the first air gap surface is not perpendicular to the axis of displacement 84. This first air gap surface 84 has two intersecting planes.
  • the fixed central core 85 of the ferromagnetic yoke 86 has a corresponding gap area 87 complementary to the first gap surface.
  • the shape of the air gap surfaces 84, 87 makes it possible in particular to increase the size of said gap surfaces.
  • the magnetic attraction force generated by the circulation of a control current in the coil 66 is greater.
  • the first air gap surface 84 has a protuberance or bevel shape.
  • the corresponding gap surface 87 of the fixed central core 85 of the ferromagnetic yoke 86 has a groove shape.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 101 has only one half magnetic circuit compared to that shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the magnetic circuit comprises a fixed part comprising a ferromagnetic yoke 102 in the form of a "J" having a base 103, a main flank 104 and a secondary flank 105.
  • the magnetic circuit also comprises a movable portion 106 comprising a ferromagnetic element comprising a first surface air gap 107 to form a magnetic gap of variable thickness 108 with the ferromagnetic yoke 102.
  • the magnetic circuit further comprises a second air gap surface 109 to form a residual magnetic gap 110 with the fixed portion of substantially thickness. constant.
  • the second air gap surface 109 is substantially parallel to a displacement axis 111 of the movable portion.
  • a magnetic set composed a magnet 121 is fixedly mounted on a face 122 of the inner wall of the main flank 104. The magnet extends in a direction substantially parallel to an axis of displacement 111 of the movable part, over the entire dimension parallel to the axis of displacement of the face 122 of the inner wall of the main flank 104.
  • the magnet 121 is mounted facing the second air gap surface 109 so that, whatever the position of the moving part 106, the residual magnetic gap 110 is always formed between the second surface of air gap 109 of the ferromagnetic element of the movable portion 106 and a corresponding air gap surface of the magnet 121.
  • the excitation coil 131 for controlling the position and speed of the moving part by means of an electric control current is fixedly mounted on the moving part 106 by connecting means 132. In embodiments not shown, this excitation coil could also be fixedly mounted on the fixed part.
  • the actuator according to the invention can be used in any protection switching or control device, such as contactors, circuit breakers, relays, switches.
  • the actuator according to the invention can also be an electromagnetic actuator of the bistable or monostable type.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP08354050A 2007-09-17 2008-07-03 Actionneur électromagnétique et appareil interrupteur équipé d'un tel actionneur électromagnétique Active EP2037476B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0706505A FR2921199B1 (fr) 2007-09-17 2007-09-17 Actionneur electromagnetique et appareil interrupteur equipe d'un tel actionneur electromagnetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2037476A1 EP2037476A1 (fr) 2009-03-18
EP2037476B1 true EP2037476B1 (fr) 2013-02-13

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EP08354050A Active EP2037476B1 (fr) 2007-09-17 2008-07-03 Actionneur électromagnétique et appareil interrupteur équipé d'un tel actionneur électromagnétique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7982567B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2037476B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101393822B (zh)
FR (1) FR2921199B1 (zh)

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US7969772B2 (en) * 2008-11-18 2011-06-28 Seagate Technology Llc Magnetic mechanical switch
WO2011052011A1 (ja) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 三菱電機株式会社 電磁石装置および電磁石装置を用いた開閉装置
ES2457549T3 (es) * 2009-12-18 2014-04-28 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Actuador electromagnético con acoplamiento magnético y dispositivo de corte que comprende dicho actuador
KR101388085B1 (ko) * 2010-06-10 2014-04-22 엘에스산전 주식회사 바이스테이블 영구자석형 조작기
US8508321B2 (en) * 2010-08-17 2013-08-13 Song Chuan Precision Co., Ltd. Relay with multiple coils
US8451080B2 (en) * 2011-02-16 2013-05-28 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Magnetic field focusing for actuator applications
US20120268225A1 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-10-25 Honeywell International Inc. Solenoid actuator with surface features on the poles
US8736128B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2014-05-27 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Three dimensional magnetic field manipulation in electromagnetic devices
US8570128B1 (en) 2012-06-08 2013-10-29 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Magnetic field manipulation devices and actuators incorporating the same
US9231309B2 (en) 2012-07-27 2016-01-05 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Metamaterial magnetic field guide
FR2997546B1 (fr) * 2012-10-26 2016-04-01 Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas Actionneur electromagnetique lineaire
DE102013013585B4 (de) * 2013-06-20 2020-09-17 Rhefor Gbr Selbsthaltemagnet mit besonders kleiner elektrischer Auslöseleistung
FR3008542B1 (fr) * 2013-07-09 2015-10-02 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de detection du rearmement d'un disjoncteur, actionneur d'un mecanisme de separation des contacts du disjoncteur, disjoncteur electrique et utilisation d'un courant induit pour generer un signal d'indication du rearmement
CN105960695B (zh) * 2014-02-13 2018-04-10 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电磁继电器
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FR3045924B1 (fr) 2015-12-17 2021-05-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Noyau d'inductance a pertes magnetiques reduites

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2037476A1 (fr) 2009-03-18
US20090072934A1 (en) 2009-03-19
FR2921199A1 (fr) 2009-03-20
CN101393822A (zh) 2009-03-25
CN101393822B (zh) 2012-12-05
US7982567B2 (en) 2011-07-19
FR2921199B1 (fr) 2014-03-14

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