EP2037335B1 - Ancre pour échappement d'horlogerie - Google Patents

Ancre pour échappement d'horlogerie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2037335B1
EP2037335B1 EP08164108.6A EP08164108A EP2037335B1 EP 2037335 B1 EP2037335 B1 EP 2037335B1 EP 08164108 A EP08164108 A EP 08164108A EP 2037335 B1 EP2037335 B1 EP 2037335B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
arms
fork
fastening
anchor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08164108.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2037335A3 (fr
EP2037335A2 (fr
Inventor
Enzler August
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VON GUNTEN, STEPHANE
Original Assignee
Von Gunten Stephane
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Von Gunten Stephane filed Critical Von Gunten Stephane
Priority to EP13187564.3A priority Critical patent/EP2687916B1/fr
Publication of EP2037335A2 publication Critical patent/EP2037335A2/fr
Publication of EP2037335A3 publication Critical patent/EP2037335A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2037335B1 publication Critical patent/EP2037335B1/fr
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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00Escapements
    • G04B15/14Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00Escapements
    • G04B15/06Free escapements
    • G04B15/08Lever escapements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anchor for a watch escapement with escape wheel of a mechanical watch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the basic features of the function of a mechanical watch are today well known and well documented.
  • the movements of mechanical watches generally draw their energy from a spring, usually a coil spring, the elevator spring or the so-called Barillet.
  • This energy is delivered to a gear transmission, which in turn via pointer elements, for example, the information for the display of the hour reproduces, to the last element, the so-called inhibition.
  • the latter has three functions, namely to count the number of oscillations of the balance, that is, to measure the time, to block the energy of the gear during the additional turn of the balance and to give the balance an impulse to maintain its oscillating motion.
  • the so-called Swiss lever escapement where each of the pallets held in the anchor alternatively provides a boost from the Escapement wheel gets to pass it on to the balance, which is the most widely used in the watch industry.
  • the flow of force is subject to friction.
  • the energy that has been collected in the elevator spring experiences losses in the transmission from the mainspring via the transmission to the last element, the balance.
  • the elevator spring must be increased in order to obtain a sufficient service life of the clock and the drain reserve.
  • the vibration frequency or the inertia of the balance could be increased.
  • the improvement in accuracy achieved in this way would have to be bought in turn with the enlargement of the balance or the mainspring, which is undesirable.
  • each stage of the gear train has an efficiency of about 90% to 95%.
  • the tooth engagement and profile of the teeth have been optimized as a result.
  • lubricants have the disadvantage of deteriorating over time, namely aging, oxidizing, cracking and rancidity.
  • lubricants are susceptible to the absorption of dust and tend to harden.
  • Lubricants are therefore hardly used for bearing journals of the anchor.
  • the document CH 11 296 65D describes an armature with two metallic springs, the metallic springs ensuring contact between an armature fork and limit stops.
  • the anchor as a whole is denoted by A.
  • the anchor has two anchor arms B, in each of whose ends a pallet C is held.
  • a fork D In the middle between the two armature arms in the connecting region engages a fork D, which extends virtually perpendicular or at least on an angle bisector of the two armature arms.
  • the fork D ends in tines E and the pivotal movement of the armature or the fork D is limited by two lateral anchor boundary pins F in the pivoting movement. This pivoting movement takes place about a bearing axis G with bilateral bearing journals H, which rest in bearing stones, not shown here.
  • the anchor according to the invention is always designated 1.
  • this anchor has two anchor arms 2 as a conventional anchor.
  • the pallets 3 are held at the end in the two anchor arms 2.
  • These two armature arms 2 are integrally connected to each other and in the connection area, the fork 4 engages the armature.
  • the fork 4 is practically perpendicular to the two armature arms 2, when they are stretched aligned with each other. If the two anchor arms 2 enclose an angle deviating from the angle 180 °, the fork 4 lies on the bisector of said angle.
  • This part again corresponds to the conventional style.
  • the region in which the fork 4 is connected to the two armature arms 2 is defined here as the connection region 6.
  • two fastening arms 7 engage.
  • These attachment arms 7 extend exactly straight in the simplest embodiment shown here. With respect to the central axis through the fork 4, the two attachment arms 7 extend mirror-symmetrically. Consequently, so forms the fork 4 and the center axis of the Angle bisector with respect to the angle, the two mounting arms 7 include each other.
  • fasteners 8 Terminal at the two mounting arms 7 are fasteners 8, which are configured in the preferred embodiment here as an annular eyelets. Accordingly, the following is also spoken of eyelets 8, the expert will understand, of course, other fastener forms underneath.
  • the choice of fasteners as eyelets is therefore preferred because they are both suitable to be connected by means of screws with a corresponding fixed part of the movement, for example, the movement board.
  • the eyelets 8 are also suitable for a soldered or welded connection as well as for an adhesive connection. For the latter types of connection but simple disc-shaped embodiments of the fasteners would be just as suitable.
  • the smoothest possible embodiment of the inventive anchor is achieved by making the attachment arms as long as possible and as thin as possible in width.
  • the height of the attachment arm is of course not free, since this must be sufficiently large so as not to obtain rotational degrees of freedom that are not in the plane of the anchor. If you would also choose the height of the mounting arm also very small, so the mounting arms would behave like threads and would be stiff only on train and pressure but otherwise very flexible in all bending directions. But this is not wanted but the freedom of movement should be limited to a bending movement of the mounting arms 7 within the extension plane in which the anchor is located.
  • the simplest embodiment of the inventive anchor described so far with two flexible mounting arms 7 still has a relative disadvantage.
  • This anchor has a so-called parasitic motion. This is the unwanted, albeit small, erroneous movement of the rotation center, so called the virtual axis.
  • the third embodiment of the subject invention as shown in the FIGS. 5 and 6 is shown, also solves this problem.
  • the armature should rotate about a given virtual axis without offset movement of the center. This problem can be largely reduced, for example, by allowing the mounting arms 7, as in the FIGS. 5 and 6 represented, designed.
  • the fastening arms 7 are designed with two parallel elastic sections 70 and 71. These two sections 70 and 71 are hairpin-like.
  • the two sections are parallel and arranged in opposite directions.
  • the two elastic partial sections 70, 71 are connected to one another via a thickened connection point 72.
  • the first elastic section 70 thus extends between the thickened connection point 72 and the connection region 6 of the armature 1 or to a thickened part of the Mounting arms 7 which is referred to here as the connecting part 73.
  • the second elastic section 71 extends from the thickened connection point 72 to a thickened fastening arm part 74, on which the fastening element or fastening eye 8 is formed at the end.
  • attachment lugs 8 movement limiting stops 9 which are designed in the form of bulges in the direction of the fork 4 out.
  • these attachment limit stops 9 are monolithically designed as part of the fasteners or eyelets 8 in turn. Thus, it is unnecessary in the clockwork itself provide anchor limit pins.
  • the elastic spring element 10 lies in the same plane as the fastening arms 7 and the remaining parts of the armature 1 according to the invention.
  • the fastening arms 7 must be fastened with their fastening element 8 either on the same board of the movement or at least on another fixed part of the movement, which lies in the same plane.
  • the zugelastician spring element 10 has a much smaller width b in relation to height h.
  • the zugelastician spring element 10 may in principle have any shape that deviates from a straight line.
  • the zugelastician spring element 10 could be as simple, arcuate arched arm be designed or as shown here, as in the plane meandering route.
  • the two fastening arms 7 are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the fork 4, a different solution is shown here.
  • the elastic attachment arms 7 are in turn as elongated elements between the connecting portion 6 and the terminal fasteners 8, which in turn are configured here as eyelets, extending.
  • These two fastening arms 7 are now both arranged on the same side of the fork 4 between these and an armature arm 2.
  • the zugelastician spring element 10 is now placed so that the connecting line between the center of the elongated hole 12 and the point of attachment of the zugelastischen spring element 10 at the connecting portion 6, the bisecting line between the two mounting arms 7.
  • the virtual axis of rotation is always at the intersection of the extensions of the two mounting arms 7. While in the examples described above, where the mounting arms 7 are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the fork 4, this virtual axis of rotation can also lie outside the connection area 6, it is in the Embodiment according to the FIGS. 7 and 8 preferably such that the virtual axis of rotation lies in the center of the connecting region 6. In other words, the place of virtual axis of rotation can thus be determined virtually free by the choice of the arrangement of the mounting arms 7.
  • FIG. 7 is contrary to FIG. 8 also shown the possibility that the pallets 3 also monolithic one piece and thus made of the same material as the anchor 1 in one operation.
  • a manufacturing method for the production of the inventive anchor in which the boundary edges of the armature are extremely regularly finished with a very low roughness, friction losses are thus reduced.
  • two methods are suitable for the production.
  • One method is called a DRIE method.
  • DRIE Deep Reactive Ion Etching. This procedure was by the company Bosch develops and in this regard, for example, on the documents DE-3927163 or DE-4420962-A directed.
  • fastening arms 7 can be produced with a very small width.
  • the attachment arms 7 are made with a width of 15-50 microns.
  • the geometry of an inventive anchor produced in this way has an extreme accuracy, with deviations that are usually less than one micrometer.
  • silicon in the form of wafers may be considered as the material of manufacture for this process.
  • This material is particularly suitable for the production of the anchor.
  • this material has ideal properties for this application. It has a high mechanical strength and a very low plastic deformability, so that the areas with large thickness in the loading direction have virtually no deformation. This leads to extremely low losses. Material fatigue practically does not occur as long as the applied stresses at the alternating stresses are kept below the elastic breaking point.
  • silicon has a very low coefficient of friction. The only problem is that the parts etched by the DRIE method have very sharp edges. For the watchmaker who works with the tweezers, it is thus possible for the watchmaker to produce very high pressures locally on the sharp edges. This can lead to the destruction of the anchor.
  • material is deposited around the edges or material is removed, so that the edges undergo certain curves.
  • the silicon oxide and the silicon nitride also have tribological advantages in which in turn the coefficient of friction is positively influenced.
  • silicon is the preferred material for the anchor, it can also be made of quartz, pyrex glass, sapphire or diamond. All these materials can be produced synthetically, are accordingly hard and abrasion resistant. In addition, these materials can be at least partially processed by the DRIE method.
  • Another preferred manufacturing method is known from the so-called LIGA technology. With regard to the LIGA process, reference is made, for example, to the European patents EP-0183910A or the EP-1431844-A as well as on the U.S. Patent 6458263-B directed. In particular, nickel or nickel phosphorus compounds are used for the LIGA process. Also by means of this method can be an inventive anchor with the required dimensions and manufacture accuracy having the desired physical properties.
  • the LIGA process is a lithographic-galvanic etching process.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Ancre (1) pour un échappement d'horlogerie pour une montre mécanique avec une roue d'échappement, comprenant deux bras d'ancre (2) dans chacun desquels est tenue une palette (3) et une fourchette (4) à l'extrémité de laquelle est prévue une corne qui agit sur la roue de balancier,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les bras d'ancre (2) supportant les palettes (3) et la fourchette (4) sont réalisés d'un seul tenant avec deux bras de fixation (7), les bras de fixation (7), qui s'étendent dans le même plan que les autres parties d'ancre, étant formés au moins en partie de façon élastiquement flexible de manière que l'ancre puisse pivoter dans le plan vers un axe virtuel sous l'effet de l'énergie transmise à lui par la roue d'échappement, les axes centraux des deux bras de fixation (7) s'entrecoupant dans l'axe virtuel.
  2. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe virtuel se situe dans la zone de connexion (6) des bras d'ancre (2) et de la fourchette (4).
  3. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe virtuel se situe hors de l'ancre (1).
  4. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux bras de fixation (7) sont disposés de manière symétrique par rapport à la fourchette (4), de manière que la fourchette se situe sur la bissectrice de l'angle formé par les deux bras de fixation (7) ou respectivement leurs deux parties élastiques.
  5. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de fixation (8) sont formés sur les extrémités libres des deux bras de fixation (7).
  6. Ancre selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux bras de fixation (7) s'étendent des éléments de fixation (8) à la zone de la connexion (6) de fourchette (4) et des bras d'ancre (2), et sont formés de manière élastique sur la longueur entière.
  7. Ancre selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de fixation (8) sont disposés de telle manière que leurs périphériques forment des butées d'arrêt de mouvement qui définissent une déviation maximale de la fourchette.
  8. Ancre selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de fixation (8) ont une forme avec des protubérances orientées vers l'intérieur de la fourchette qui forment les butées d'arrêt de mouvement (9) définissant une déviation maximale de la fourchette (4).
  9. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les deux bras de fixation (7) se situent sur le même côté entre la fourchette et un bras d'ancre (2).
  10. Ancre selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément de ressort (10) élastique est formé d'un seul tenant sur la bissectrice entre les deux bras de fixation (7), l'élément de ressort élastique étant pourvu avec une plaque de fixation (11) pour la fixation afin de réduire la rigidité en torsion de l'ancre (1).
  11. Ancre selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de fixation (11) a un trou oblong (12) pour la fixation de l'élément de ressort (10) avec une précontrainte ajustable afin d'ajuster la rigidité en torsion de l'ancre (1).
  12. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bras de fixation (7) ont chacun deux segments élastiques (70, 71) qui sont disposés de manière parallèle à contre-courant.
  13. Ancre selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les deux segments (70, 71) sont formés en forme d'épingles à cheveux, et que les deux segments (70, 71) sont connectés l'un à l'autre par un point d'attachement épaissi (72).
  14. Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bras de fixation (7) sont disposés pour être fixés à une partie immobile du mouvement d'horlogerie.
  15. Ancre selon les revendications 5 et 14, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de fixation (8) sont disposés pour être fixés au mouvement d'horlogerie au moyen de vis.
  16. Ancre selon les revendications 5 et 14, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de fixation (8) sont disposés pour être fixés de manière non détachable au mouvement d'horlogerie au moyen de la soudure, du brasage ou du collage.
  17. Ancre selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il est fabriqué de façon monolithique en matériau cassant, en particulier sélectionné parmi:
    - pierre précieuse synthétique, en particulier le diamant
    - pierre semi-précieuse synthétique
    - silicium ou composé de silicium
  18. Ancre selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que l'ancre est fabriquée en wafer de silicium, la surface de laquelle étant nitrée ou oxydée.
EP08164108.6A 2007-09-13 2008-09-11 Ancre pour échappement d'horlogerie Active EP2037335B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13187564.3A EP2687916B1 (fr) 2007-09-13 2008-09-11 Ancre pour un échappement de montre dans une montre mécanique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH14292007A CH708113B1 (de) 2007-09-13 2007-09-13 Anker für eine Uhrenhemmung.

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13187564.3A Division EP2687916B1 (fr) 2007-09-13 2008-09-11 Ancre pour un échappement de montre dans une montre mécanique
EP13187564.3 Division-Into 2013-10-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2037335A2 EP2037335A2 (fr) 2009-03-18
EP2037335A3 EP2037335A3 (fr) 2012-08-29
EP2037335B1 true EP2037335B1 (fr) 2014-01-08

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ID=39768809

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EP13187564.3A Active EP2687916B1 (fr) 2007-09-13 2008-09-11 Ancre pour un échappement de montre dans une montre mécanique
EP08164108.6A Active EP2037335B1 (fr) 2007-09-13 2008-09-11 Ancre pour échappement d'horlogerie

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EP13187564.3A Active EP2687916B1 (fr) 2007-09-13 2008-09-11 Ancre pour un échappement de montre dans une montre mécanique

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EP (2) EP2687916B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH708113B1 (fr)

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US9971303B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2018-05-15 Eta Sa Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Timepiece resonator mechanism

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WO2011120180A1 (fr) 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Rolex S.A. Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée
EP2455821B2 (fr) 2010-11-18 2018-11-14 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Mobile de transmission d'énergie
WO2012010408A1 (fr) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Nivarox-Far S.A. Mecanisme oscillant a pivot elastique et mobile de transmission d'energie
EP2431823A1 (fr) 2010-09-16 2012-03-21 Blancpain S.A. Echappement blancpain à ancre amélioré pour mouvement d'horlogerie
WO2012079976A1 (fr) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-21 Chopard Technologies Sa Ancre et échappement muni d'une telle ancre
EP2466395A1 (fr) * 2010-12-14 2012-06-20 Chopard Technologies SA Ancre et échappement muni d'une telle ancre
RU2606342C2 (ru) 2012-03-29 2017-01-10 Ниварокс-Фар С.А. Гибкий анкерный механизм с балансом без ролика
CN104220940B (zh) 2012-03-29 2017-02-22 尼瓦洛克斯-法尔股份有限公司 无擒纵叉杆的柔性擒纵机构
US9075394B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2015-07-07 Nivarox-Far S.A. Flexible escapement mechanism with movable frame
EP2645189B1 (fr) * 2012-03-29 2016-02-03 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Mécanisme d'échappement flexible
EP2730980B1 (fr) 2012-11-09 2018-08-29 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Mécanisme horloger de limitation ou transmission
CH708937B1 (fr) 2013-12-12 2020-03-31 Richemont Int Sa Elément oscillant pour mouvement horloger.
EP2947522B1 (fr) * 2014-05-20 2017-05-03 Société anonyme de la Manufacture d'Horlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie Ancre d horlogerie pour oscillateur mécanique et mécanisme de déclenchement temporisé d horlogerie
EP3457221B1 (fr) 2014-09-16 2022-08-10 Patek Philippe SA Genève Oscillateur horloger a pivot flexible
EP3037893B1 (fr) 2014-12-22 2018-02-28 Patek Philippe SA Genève Composant micromécanique ou horloger à guidage flexible
EP3037894B1 (fr) 2014-12-22 2018-01-31 Manufacture et fabrique de montres et chronomètres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA Mécanisme et procédé de réglage d une vitesse dans un mouvement horloger
CH710759A2 (fr) * 2015-02-20 2016-08-31 Nivarox Far Sa Oscillateur pour une pièce d'horlogerie.
CH710837B1 (fr) 2015-03-11 2022-11-30 Csem Ct Suisse Delectronique Microtechnique Sa Rech Developpement Butée antichoc pour organe mobile.
CH711574A2 (fr) 2015-09-29 2017-03-31 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Composant mécanique à guidage flexible, notamment pour mouvement horloger.
CH711573A2 (fr) 2015-09-29 2017-03-31 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Mouvement horloger comprenant un système de guidage flexible.
WO2018002778A1 (fr) * 2016-06-29 2018-01-04 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Mouvement d'horlogerie mecanique
CH713144A1 (fr) 2016-11-17 2018-05-31 Richemont Int Sa Échappement pour pièce d'horlogerie.
CH713143A1 (fr) 2016-11-17 2018-05-31 Richemont Int Sa Échappement pour pièce d'horlogerie.
CH713288A1 (fr) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-29 Sa De La Manufacture Dhorlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie Composant monolithique flexible pour pièce d'horlogerie.
NL2023822B1 (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-05-17 Flexous Mech Ip B V Chronograph watch
CH716605A1 (fr) 2019-09-16 2021-03-31 Richemont Int Sa Procédé de fabrication d'une pluralité de résonateurs sur une plaquette.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9971303B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2018-05-15 Eta Sa Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Timepiece resonator mechanism
RU2718360C1 (ru) * 2016-01-29 2020-04-02 Эта Са Мануфактюр Орложэр Сюис Часовой резонансный механизм

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2037335A3 (fr) 2012-08-29
EP2037335A2 (fr) 2009-03-18
EP2687916A1 (fr) 2014-01-22
EP2687916B1 (fr) 2016-06-08
CH708113B1 (de) 2014-12-15

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