EP2035587B1 - Procédé et dispositif de production de matériau de laminage de feuillards à chaud en acier au silicium à base de brames fines - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de production de matériau de laminage de feuillards à chaud en acier au silicium à base de brames fines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2035587B1
EP2035587B1 EP07764798.0A EP07764798A EP2035587B1 EP 2035587 B1 EP2035587 B1 EP 2035587B1 EP 07764798 A EP07764798 A EP 07764798A EP 2035587 B1 EP2035587 B1 EP 2035587B1
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Prior art keywords
rolling
temperature
hot
stage
train
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2035587A1 (fr
Inventor
Ingo Schuster
Christoph Klein
Mario Sucker
Heribert Neifer
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a plant for the production of hot strip (pre-material) from silicon-alloyed steels for further processing into grain-oriented sheets, such as electric sheets.
  • the further processing is not the subject of the present invention; it takes place in cold rolling mills.
  • the EP 1 097 764 describes a device and method for surface treatment of a continuously cast steel product in the hot state for the removal of surface defects, surface contaminants and the like where surface treatments are to provide long service life.
  • the parts to be machined are subjected to cooling before the surface processing step.
  • the EP 0 392 535 describes a method for producing a grain oriented electrical steel sheet comprising the steps of: heating, hot rolling and winding. Subsequently, the hot-rolled sheet is annealed again as needed, and subjected to a cold rolling process. The cold rolling is divided into different degrees of deformation. Depending on requirements and application, an intermediate annealing is then carried out again and the cold-rolled sheet is subjected to a decarburization annealing and a final finish annealing and a subsequent hot rolling process.
  • Multi-stage temperature-adjusting systems for heating a cast product before it enters a rolling mill are known from EP 1 469 954 known.
  • the thin slabs are produced on Bogenstranggelloanlagen with horizontal outlet direction.
  • the method comprises the process steps: rolling the thin slab after solidification of the strand in an arcuate guide shaft at temperatures of more than 1100 ° C, cooling the slabs during radiation or descaling, inductive reheating to a temperature of about 1100 ° C and rolling the thin slab in at least one rolling mill.
  • a temperature is set in the slab, so that sets a temperature gradient at the deformation means of the rolling train in such a way that when tapping into the last roll stand, the temperature is within sufficient for a good deformation order of magnitude.
  • the rolling stock temperature dropped, for example, to 988 ° C and sufficient as a tapping temperature for the last forming step.
  • the rolling stock leaves the last mill stand with a temperature of 953 ° C or less and is then separated at a further lowered temperature in the desired lengths, stacked or reeled. If necessary, one or more stages of inductive intermediate heating may be provided between the individual stands.
  • the invention has for its object to optimize the heat treatment in hot strip pre-material of silicon-alloyed steels for further processing to grain-oriented sheets to the effect that in the rolling mill a desired final temperature and thus a desired microstructure can be set in the strand.
  • an inlet temperature is set in the finishing train, which ensures a favorable precipitation morphology in the rolling stock.
  • single-stage temperature-adjusting systems are not able to heat the cast product to the required for setting the desired / required recrystallization state high temperatures of preferably more than 1250 ° C inlet temperature in the rolling mill.
  • the high temperatures are advantageously achieved in the claimed method in that a two-stage preheating of the cast product, comprising a Primärergiebeauchte and an inductively heated stage is performed.
  • the claimed two-stage heat treatment also has the advantage that it can heat the cast product not only - if necessary - to temperatures above 1250 ° C, but also to lower inlet temperatures, should this be necessary to set other desired structural or recrystallization conditions; In this respect, the claimed method is very universally applicable.
  • the control of the temperature in the subsequent finishing train depends on the final structure to be achieved and is set via a combination of rolling speed and use of inter-frame cooling.
  • the final rolling temperature (T WE ) and the final rolling speed of the rolling stock are set to values at which no complete recrystallization of the steel takes place, and the rolling stock becomes after the last
  • the final rolling temperature (T WE ) of the rolling stock to temperatures of at least 950 ° C, preferably above 1000 ° C, set and then, preferably in immediate connection, the rolling stock to temperatures (T A ) of below 450 ° C within 10 s deterred.
  • the temperature of the cast product is set to values between 1000 and 1100 ° C and that in the subsequent intensive heating stage, the temperature is increased to values of 1250 ° C.
  • the preheating stage is carried out in a gas- or oil-fired oven and the subsequent intensive stage in an induction heating stage. This has the particular advantage that the preheating can take place in a roller hearth furnace, while the heating step is shifted to temperatures above 1200 ° C in an inductive heating zone. This prevents that the roller hearth furnace is charged too much, which could possibly lead to its thermal destruction.
  • the slab surface is descaled.
  • descaling is carried out in a descaling device between the preheating stage and the intensive heating stage.
  • the setting of the inlet temperature in the finish rolling stage is then carried out by means of induction heating.
  • the finish rolling stage can consist of a single or multi-stand Pre-season and a Mergerüstigen final season consist. The distance between these two can be bridged by a roller table or bezeizten heat tunnel.
  • the device for cooling the rolling stock comprises components for quenching the rolling stock to temperatures below 450 ° C.
  • the hot rolling train is designed as a compact finishing line.
  • the hot rolling line is formed divided into at least one pre-and at least one Endwalzstaffel.
  • Fig. 1 shows a plant 1 for the production of rolling stock in the form of sheets or strips of silicon-alloyed steel for further processing into grain-oriented sheets, such as electric sheets, which are heat treated and rolled without intermediate cooling to room temperature, so that then the rolling stock with desired structural properties available stands.
  • the plant 1 comprises a continuous casting plant 1a.
  • the near net cast strand in the form of a cast product 2 is cut in front of the roller hearth furnace 3 using a pair of scissors 4, which then come directly from the casting heat in the roller hearth furnace 3 to be heated to temperatures of 1000 to 1100 ° C or to learn a temperature compensation.
  • the slabs are preferably thin slabs with a thickness of up to 120 mm.
  • the heated slabs then preferably pass through a descaling device 5 and then enter an intensive heating stage 6.
  • the slabs are heated in a short rapid heating process at inlet temperatures of 1100 to 1300 ° C, preferably above 1250 ° C.
  • the preheating stage 3 is carried out in a gas or oil-fired furnace such as a roller hearth furnace 3 and the subsequent Intensivheittress 6 in an induction heating.
  • the Intensivannecut 6 must be designed to ensure an inlet temperature T a of the cast product 2 in the rolling mill of more than 1200 ° C.
  • the preheating stage 3 and the intensive heating stage 6 form a temperature Adjusting System 7.
  • the means for performing the heat treatment include the preheating stage 3, the intensive heating stage 6, and the interstand cooling means 10.
  • the cast product 2 is again descaled (second descaling stage 8) and introduced into a hot rolling line 9a or 9b.
  • the hot rolling train 9a or 9b may be a compact finishing line 9a or divided into a preliminary and a final rolling 9b.
  • the number of scaffolds in each of the two partial scales is not fixed.
  • an inlet temperature T a of the cast product 2 in the hot rolling line 9a or 9b is preferably set above 1250 ° C by a multi-stage heat treatment of the mill of at least 1200 ° C, wherein the cast product from the casting heat coming directly to the heat pretreatment is performed.
  • the multi-stage heat pretreatment takes place with the temperature setting system 7, which includes the preheating stage 3 for preheating the cast product 2 and the intensive heating stage 6 for adjusting the inlet temperature T a of the cast product 2 in the hot rolling line.
  • the final rolling temperature T WE and the final rolling speed of the rolling stock are set to values at which complete recrystallization of the steel no longer takes place.
  • the rolling stock is quenched after the last pass in the hot rolling line in the context of post-heat treatment from the final rolling temperature T WE to a temperature T A , whereby the desired Rekristallistionsschreib of the rolling stock at the end of the hot rolling over the strip thickness is ensured.
  • the final rolling temperature T WE of the rolling stock to temperatures of at least 950 ° C, preferably above 1000 ° C, adjusted, and then the rolling stock to temperatures T A of below 450 ° C within 10 seconds, quenched.
  • the post-rolling heat post-treatment is a combination of a rapid-cooling device 12 and normal cooling bars with water cooling 13.
  • the cooled rolling stock is subsequently wound on a reeling device 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un produit de laminage sous la forme d'une bande chaude à partir d'un produit de coulée, par exemple d'une brame mince, dans lequel on soumet le produit de coulée (2) dans une première étape à un prétraitement thermique et, dans une deuxième étape, on soumet le produit de coulée qui a fait l'objet d'un prétraitement thermique à un processus de laminage dans un train de laminoir à chaud, et dans lequel on transfère le produit de laminage de cette manière à un état de recristallisation approprié lorsqu'on prend en compte la transformation ultérieure à une température finale de laminage désirée (TWE), et on règle la température finale de laminage (TWE) du produit de laminage à des températures d'au moins 950 °C, de préférence supérieures à 1000 °C, et on fait passer le produit de coulée (2), dans le cadre du prétraitement thermique pour le réglage de la température finale de laminage (TWE) du produit de laminage dans le train de laminoir à chaud, au moins par une étape de préchauffage (3) et par une étape de chauffage intense (6) et on le soumet de cette manière à un préchauffage à une température d'entrée (Tein) d'au moins 1200 °C pour l'entrée dans le train de laminoir à chaud (9a ou 9b), et on procède, avant l'étape de préchauffage (3), à un décalaminage dans un dispositif de décalaminage, caractérisé en ce que, pour la fabrication d'aciers alliés au silicium à des fins de transformation ultérieure pour obtenir des tôles à grains orientés, comme par exemple des tôles magnétiques, on procède au réglage de la température dans le train de laminoir (9a ou 9b) via une combinaison de la vitesse de délaminage et d'une utilisation de mécanismes intermédiaires de refroidissement des cages de laminoir (10), dans lequel, après le laminage à chaud, on soumet le produit de laminage à une trempe à des températures (TA) inférieures à 450 °C, dans un laps de temps de 10 secondes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle la température finale de laminage (TWE) et la vitesse finale de laminage du produit de laminage à des valeurs auxquelles on n'assiste plus à une recristallisation complète de l'acier, et on soumet le produit de laminage, après la dernière coulée, dans le train de laminoir à chaud à une trempe en passant de la température finale de laminage (TWE) à une température (TA) qui garantit un gel de l'état de cristallisation désiré réglé à la fin du train de laminoir à chaud, via l'épaisseur de la bande.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'étape de préchauffage (3), on règle la température du produit de coulée (2) à des valeurs entre 1000 et 1100 °C, et en ce que, dans l'étape de chauffage intense (6) qui y fait suite, on élève la température à des valeurs de 1250 °C.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en oeuvre l'étape de préchauffage (3) dans un four chauffé au gaz ou au fuel, et l'étape de chauffage intense (6) qui y fait suite, dans une étape de chauffage par induction.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en oeuvre, entre l'étape de préchauffage (3) et l'étape de chauffage intense (6), un décalaminage dans un dispositif de décalaminage (5).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en oeuvre, après l'étape de chauffage intense (6), un décalaminage supplémentaire dans un deuxième dispositif de décalaminage (8).
  7. Installation (1) pour la fabrication d'un produit de laminage sous la forme d'une bande chaude pour une transformation ultérieure dans le but d'obtenir des tôles à grains orientés, via l'application du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, l'installation comprenant :
    une installation de coulée continue (1a) pour la fabrication d'un produit de coulée (2) ;
    un système de réglage de la température (7) pour le préchauffage du produit de coulée;
    ainsi qu'un laminoir (9a ou 9b) monté à la suite du système de réglage de la température (7), le système de réglage de la température (7) et le laminoir (9) servant à convertir le produit de coulée (2) en produit de laminage présentant un état de recristallisation approprié lorsqu'on prend en compte la transformation ultérieure, à une température finale de laminage déterminée (TWE), le système de réglage de la température (7) pour le réglage de la température finale de laminage (TWE) du produit de laminage dans le train de laminoir comprenant une étape de préchauffage (3) pour le préchauffage du produit de coulée (2) et une étape de chauffage intense (6) pour le chauffage intense du produit de coulée (2) à une température d'entrée (Tein) dans le train de laminoir, supérieure à 1200 °C, de préférence supérieure à 1250 °C. et un dispositif de décalaminage étant prévu avant l'étape de préchauffage (3), caractérisé en ce qu'un mécanisme pour le refroidissement (11) du produit de laminage comprend des composants pour la trempe du produit de laminage à des températures inférieures à 450 °C dans un laps de temps de 10 secondes, et le produit de laminage est réalisé sous la forme d'aciers alliés au silicium, comme par exemple des tôles magnétiques, et le laminoir à chaud (9a, 9b) comprend des mécanismes intermédiaires (10) de refroidissement des cages et les mécanismes intermédiaires (10) de refroidissement des cages servent, en combinaison avec la vitesse de délaminage, au réglage de la température finale de laminage (TWE).
  8. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le train de laminoir à chaud est réalisé sous la forme d'un train de finition compact (9a).
  9. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le laminoir à chaud est réalisé d'une manière telle qu'il est subdivisé en au moins une table d'entrée de laminage et en au moins une table de sortie de laminage (9b).
EP07764798.0A 2006-06-26 2007-06-22 Procédé et dispositif de production de matériau de laminage de feuillards à chaud en acier au silicium à base de brames fines Active EP2035587B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006029589 2006-06-26
DE102007005015A DE102007005015A1 (de) 2006-06-26 2007-02-01 Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Warmband-Walzgut aus Siliziumstahl auf der Basis von Dünnbrammen
PCT/EP2007/005530 WO2008000396A1 (fr) 2006-06-26 2007-06-22 Procédé et dispositif de production de matériau de laminage de feuillards à chaud en acier au silicium à base de brames fines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2035587A1 EP2035587A1 (fr) 2009-03-18
EP2035587B1 true EP2035587B1 (fr) 2017-02-01

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EP07764798.0A Active EP2035587B1 (fr) 2006-06-26 2007-06-22 Procédé et dispositif de production de matériau de laminage de feuillards à chaud en acier au silicium à base de brames fines

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US8408035B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2035587B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009540113A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090007777A (fr)
AR (1) AR061633A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2007264101C1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0713527A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2654913C (fr)
DE (1) DE102007005015A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2623408T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2008015622A (fr)
MY (1) MY149801A (fr)
RU (1) RU2393240C1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI432272B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008000396A1 (fr)

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WO2021038108A1 (fr) 2019-08-30 2021-03-04 Sms Group Gmbh Procédé de traitement thermique d'un précurseur d'acier

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MX2011005636A (es) * 2008-12-09 2011-06-24 Sms Siemag Ag Procedimiento para la elaboracion de bandas de metal y planta de produccion para la realizacion del procedimiento.
MX2012005962A (es) * 2009-11-25 2012-07-25 Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv Proceso para fabricar tira de acero electrico de grano orientado y acero electrico de grano orientado producido por el mismo.
WO2012089696A1 (fr) * 2011-01-01 2012-07-05 Tata Steel Nederland Technology Bv Procédé pour la fabrication de bande d'acier électrique à grains orientés et acier électrique à grains orientés produit de cette manière
EP2524971A1 (fr) 2011-05-20 2012-11-21 Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH Procédé et dispositif de préparation de produits de laminage en acier avant le laminage à chaud
AT511429B1 (de) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-15 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vorbehandlung eines walzguts vor dem warmwalzen
WO2013083632A1 (fr) 2011-12-06 2013-06-13 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Système à plusieurs composants
CN102764761B (zh) * 2012-07-26 2015-02-25 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 难加工材料近终成形制造方法
WO2014020369A1 (fr) 2012-07-31 2014-02-06 Arcelormittal Investigación Y Desarrollo Sl Procédé de production d'une tôle d'acier au silicium à grains orientés, tôle d'acier électrique à grains orientés et son utilisation
DE102013221710A1 (de) 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Aluminium-Warmbandwalzstraße und Verfahren zum Warmwalzen eines Aluminium-Warmbandes
US20160108488A1 (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Sms Siemag Ag Process for producing grain-oriented electrical steel strip and grain-oriented electrical steel strip obtained according to said process
US11839838B2 (en) * 2015-09-04 2023-12-12 Arcelormittal Method for separating mill scale from wastewater
KR101727837B1 (ko) * 2015-12-22 2017-04-17 현대제철 주식회사 열연코일의 압연 제어 방법
KR101786388B1 (ko) * 2016-09-29 2017-10-18 주식회사 포스코 등방성이 우수한 강판 제조장치 및 이에 의해 생산된 강판
JP6572864B2 (ja) * 2016-10-18 2019-09-11 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 電磁鋼板製造用の熱延鋼板およびその製造方法
US20190323100A1 (en) * 2016-11-01 2019-10-24 Jfe Steel Corporation Method for producing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet
BR112019008529B1 (pt) * 2016-11-01 2023-02-14 Jfe Steel Corporation Método para a produção de placa de aço elétrica de grão orientado
ES2927557T3 (es) * 2019-04-20 2022-11-08 Tata Steel Ijmuiden Bv Método para producir una tira de acero que contiene silicio de alta resistencia con excelente calidad superficial y dicha tira de acero producida por el mismo
CN111659734B (zh) * 2020-06-09 2022-03-22 首钢集团有限公司 一种薄规格酸洗板表面麻点缺陷的控制方法
CN116618435A (zh) * 2023-04-03 2023-08-22 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 一种极限薄规格钢板的生产制造方法

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KR20090007777A (ko) 2009-01-20
AU2007264101B2 (en) 2011-09-29
AU2007264101C1 (en) 2013-06-20
TW200812725A (en) 2008-03-16
BRPI0713527A2 (pt) 2012-04-17
JP2009540113A (ja) 2009-11-19
ES2623408T3 (es) 2017-07-11
EP2035587A1 (fr) 2009-03-18
MX2008015622A (es) 2009-01-13
CA2654913C (fr) 2011-08-09
RU2393240C1 (ru) 2010-06-27
WO2008000396A1 (fr) 2008-01-03
MY149801A (en) 2013-10-14
US8408035B2 (en) 2013-04-02
CA2654913A1 (fr) 2008-01-03
US20090301157A1 (en) 2009-12-10
AU2007264101A1 (en) 2008-01-03
TWI432272B (zh) 2014-04-01
DE102007005015A1 (de) 2008-01-03
AR061633A1 (es) 2008-09-10

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